ISO 8217:2010 Changes and Challenges

Adrian Daniels Technical Manager (Fuels) BP Marine

The Legal and Compliance Part

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ISO 8217:2010

ISO 8217:2010 was published on the 15 June 2010

ISO 8217:2010 Major Changes

Distillate fuel DMZ added gas oil with minimum viscosity of 3 cSt at 40 C (Requested by engine builder due to potential fuel pump seizure problems when operating on distillate fuel) DMA and DMB minimum viscosity of 2 cSt at 40 C Additional tests:

acid number, oxidation stability and lubricity hydrogen sulphide test method for distillate is not yet established and date for compliance is 1 July 2012

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Source: BP

Catalyst Fines

ISO 8217 limit is controlled by Aluminium + Silicon at 60 ppm This can be represented by:-

After centrifuging onboard the vessel

Catalyst Fines

ra il i S e + ngin m iu h e e n i m at t u l w A fi n e s o l ery n Cat v h a a se i t i w e vessel l e cr After centrifuging onboard the u n f i a n a g n o i st ad t e u le q Re may

To produce a low catalyst fine fuel (ie Aluminium + Silicon < 40 ppm) a nt supplier may centrifuge the cutter stock oil e t on c This can be represented by:il co n

ISO 8217:2010 Major Changes

Residual Fuel RMG has been expanded to include 180, 500, 700 cSt (380 cSt remains) RMK now includes 500 cSt RMF180 and RMH 380 and RMH 700 have been deleted Aluminium + Silicon has been reduced from 80 mg/kg to 60 mg/kg for RMG and RMK grades CCAI has been added. Potential issue for RME180 and RMK 380 when CCAI may restrict the density. Its also a restriction on high density, low viscosity fuels Additional tests; Acid number and sodium Hydrogen sulphide test method not yet widely established and date for compliance is 1 July 2012
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ISO 8217:2010 Major Changes

Residual Fuel Ash reduced for all grades except RMK Sulphur Limits defined by Customer the purchaser shall define the maximum sulphur content in accordance with relevant statutory limitations ULO limit modified. Contains ULO if Ca >30 and Zn > 15 or Ca >30 and P >15 General Requirements (Clause 5 of ISO8217) No bio derived material Fuels shall be free from any material that renders the fuel unacceptable for use in marine applications
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ISO 8217:2010 General Requirements

5 General requirements
5.1 The fuel shall conform to the characteristics and limits given in Table 1 or Table 2, as appropriate, when tested in accordance with the methods specified. 5.2 The fuel shall be a homogeneous blend of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum refining. This shall not preclude the incorporation of additives intended to improve some aspects of the fuel's characteristics and performance. The fuel shall be free from inorganic acids and used lubricating oils. 5.3 Fuels shall be free from any material that renders the fuel unaccept able for use in marine applications. 5.4 The fuel shall be free from bio-derived materials other than 'de minimis' levels of FAME (FAME shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN 14214 or ASTM D6751). In the context of this International Standard, de minimis means an amount that does not render the fuel unacceptable for use in marine applications. The blending of FAME shall not be allowed.
NOTE See Annex A.

5.5 The fuel shall not contain any additive at the concentration us ed in the fuel, or any added substance or chemical waste that a) jeopardizes the safety of the ship or adversely affects the performance of the machinery; or b) is harmful to personnel; or c) contributes overall to additional air pollution.
NOTE See Annex B.
Source: ISO 8217

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ISO 8217:2010 Clause 8 Precision and interpretation of test results

Clause 8 refers to ISO 4259 ISO 4259 describes how test data and precision data shall be used in disputes for a product to be considered out of specification based on a single result (upper limit)

Test Result >Specification max + 0.59 *Reproducibility

examples based on a single result are: density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3 only if measured value is greater than 991.9 kg/m3 viscosity, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 380 cSt (at 50 C) only if measured value is greater than 396.7 cSt sulphur, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 1.00 % m/m only if the measured value is greater than 1.06% m/m

ISO 8217:2010 Clause 8 Precision and interpretation of test results

For multiple results for a product to be considered out of specification based on multiple results in a single laboratory (upper limit)

X >Specification max + 0.59 * R1

1 R 2 r 2 1 k

where

R1 =

= average of acceptable results

k = number of acceptable results R = reproducibility of test method r = repeatability of test method

Source: Quality Control Against Specifications J F Church 150910

ISO 8217:2010 Clause 8 Precision and interpretation of test results

For a single result density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3 only if measured value is greater than 991.9 kg/m3 Examples based on multiple results in a single laboratory: For 2 results density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3 only if average of acceptable results is greater than 991.9 kg/m3 For 3 results density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3 only if average of acceptable results is greater than 991.8 kg/m3 For 1,000,000 results density, shall be considered to exceed a spec max of 991.0 kg/m3 only if average of acceptable results is greater than 991.8 kg/m3
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Sulphur in accordance with ISO 8217

True Value =1.00% Sulphur

95%

Out of Specification in accordance with ISO 8217 (ISO 4259)

1.00

1.06
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Sulphur Content %(m/m)

Suppliers responsibility (MARPOL)

To provide A Bunker Delivery Note containing the Density and Sulphur content of the fuel supplied A representative sample (MARPOL Sample) Effective from 1st July 2010 - 2009 Guidelines for the Sampling of Fuel Oil for Determination of Compliance with the revised Marpol Annex VI. Resolution MEPC.182 (59) Adopted on 17 July 2009

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Ship owners responsibility (MARPOL)

Marpol Annex VI Regulation 14 General Requirements 1. The sulphur content of any fuel oil used on board ships shall not exceed the following limits:-

When is the Law broken?

When the fuel is used

Which is why Port State control are taking little interest in the MARPOL sample provided by the supplier but are taking samples of oil as close as possible to the point of use; at the vessels engine rail.
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Fuel oil system

Source: MAN

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Onboard contamination
Vessel changing fuel from 2.70 %(m/m) Sulphur to 1.00%(m/m) Sulphur

Sulphur Content %(m/m)

3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0 50 100 150 Time
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Source: BP

200

250

300

Onboard contamination
Vessel changing fuel from 2.70 %(m/m) Sulphur to 1.00%(m/m) Sulphur

3.00 1.50 1.45 2.50 1.40 1.35 2.00 1.30 1.50 1.25 1.20 1.00 1.15 1.10 0.50 1.05 0.00 1.00 0 0
50 100 150 200

Sulphur Content %(m/m)

250

300

Time
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Source: BP

Onboard contamination

Consequence
To ensure compliance you need to nominate fuel sulphur below the specification limit

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Marpol fuel verification Sulphur

The Marpol fuel verification procedure means: Sulphur becomes an ABSOLUTE limit To ensure compliance you need to nominate fuel sulphur below the specification limit

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Sulphur
True Value =1.00% Sulphur

95% 99% 99.5%

1.00 Sulphur Content %(m/m)

1.06 1.08 1.09

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Sulphur
True True Value =0.94 % Sulphur TrueValue Value=0.92 =0.91% %Sulphur Sulphur

95% 99% 99.5%

IMO Requirement 100%

1.00 Sulphur Content %(m/m)

1.06 1.08 1.09

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Nominating Sulphur with confidence

To nominate fuel with a sulphur content which complies with an absolute limit of :Sulphur Level 4.50% 3.50% 1.50% 1.00% 0.50% 0.10%

Confidence level 95% 97.5% 99% 99.5% 4.28% 4.23% 4.18% 4.15% 3.32% 3.29% 3.25% 3.22% 1.42% 1.41% 1.39% 1.38% 0.94% 0.93% 0.92% 0.91% 0.47% 0.46% 0.46% 0.45% 0.09% 0.09% 0.08% 0.08%

To be 95% confident that the fuel will meet the Sulphur Content of 1.00% m/m absolute limit, the fuel has to be requested with a max 0.94% m/m
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Conclusions

ISO 8217:2010 was published on the 15th June 2010 Number of significant changes incorporated into the standard to reduce air
pollution, improve safety and ensure the fuel is fit for the intended purpose interpretation of test results

The ISO 8217:2010 standard defines the use of ISO 4259 for the precision and To comply with the sulphur legislation, end users need to consider carefully the
sulphur content of the fuel they nominate taking into consideration: onboard contamination the degree of confidence they wish to adopt specification

The majority of fuel presently in the market conforms with the ISO 8217:2010
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Questions