RB-EG-UE301 Comparison ASME B31.1, B31.3 and B31.

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No Iframes

ASME B31.1 (2008) Power piping: typically found in electric power generating stations, in heating and cooling systems Applicable: boiler external piping from first joint up to and including first block valve for boilers where:

ASME B31.3 (2008) Process piping: typically found in petroleum refineries, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile and paper plants Exclusions:

ASME B31.8 (2007) Gas transportation and distribution systems: piping transporting products, predominantly gas Exclusions:

Ga dge ts
pow ered by Goo gle

steam or vapor is generated over 100 kPa high temperature water over 1103 kPa and/or temperatures of 120 Celsius

Excluding: fatigue due to pressure cycling

piping systems pressure above 0 and less 105 kPa nonflammable, nontoxic and not damaging to human tissues power boilers covered in BPV code and external piping covered in B31.1 tubes, tube headers, crossovers and manifolds of fired heaters pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps

Including: fatigue due pressure cycling and thermal cycling

pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps metal temperatures below -28.88 Celsius (-20 F) or over 232.22 Celsius (450 F) piping beyond customer's meter set assembly piping in refineries, natural gasoline extraction, gas treating plants vent piping to substantially atmospheric pressures wellhead assemblies proprietary items such as equipment liquid petroleum transportation systems, slurry transportation, carbon dioxide and liquefied natural gas piping systems

Allowable stress:

Allowable stress:

Allowable stress:

as per tables in Appendix A shear to remain below 80%, bearing to remain below 160% of allowable stress basis are same as ASME section II Part D Appendix 1 except for cast iron and ductile iron

as per Table A-1 and A-2 shear to remain below 80%, bearing to remain below 160% of allowable stress basis for bolting, cast iron, other material flanges due to leakage below 75% allowable stress of unlisted material (not conforming

as per table Appendix D times temperature derating factor in table 841.116A

323.1.2) can not be used

Materials: material of unknown specification shall not be used for pressure containing components Quality factor E: depending type of weld, radiography and material Factor y: factor depending Ferritic, Austenitic, Nickel and design temperature Factor W: weld strength reduction factor

Materials: material of unknown specification shall not be used for pressure containing components Quality factor E: depending type of weld, radiography and material

Materials: material only as per Appendix A Quality factor E: depending type of weld, radiography and material

Factor W: weld strength reduction factor Factor f: stress range factor Factor F: design factor Factor T: temperature derating factor, compensate material allowable stress values for temperature, Table 841.166A

Pipe under internal pressure (104.1.2 Pipe under internal pressure and 104.1.4 (in creep)): (304.1.2):

Pipe under internal pressure (841.11):

P = internal design pressure D0 = outside diameter of pipe SE = maximum allowable stress, including quality factor tm = minimum required thickness y = coefficient table 104.1.2A

P = internal design pressure D = outside diameter of pipe S = stress value for material E = quality factor t = pressure design thickness y = coefficient, also from table 304.1.1

P = internal design pressure D = nominal outside diameter of pipe S = specified minimum yield strength E = longitudinal joint factor, table 841.115A t = wall thickness F = design factor from table 841.114A T = Temperature derating factor from table 841.116A

A = additional thickness to compensate W = Weld strength reduction factor threading, provide additional strength, corrosion allowance W = Weld strength reduction factor when in creep range, is 1 outside creep range (table 102.4.7) Bend under internal pressure (102.4.5): Bend under internal pressure (304.2.1):

Bend under internal pressure (841.231): For cold bends the

deflection of longitudinal axis and the radius is limited according table in paragraph 841.231 Hot bends are to be pipe under internal pressure where I for pipe under internal pressure where I for designed and manufactured intrados is: intrados is: according ASME B16.49, the internal pressure rating shall not be less than that which is calculated for straight seamless pipe and the intrados wall thickness should be:

and I for the extrados is:

and I for the extrados is:

where the t the wall thickness of the pipe is and at sidewall I = 1.0, and at sidewall I = 1.0, R = radius of pipe bend R = radius of pipe bend Elbows under internal pressure (102.4.5): Elbows manufactured according standards listed in Table 126.1 are suitable for use at the pressuretemperature ratings specified by such standards. Elbows not according above standards or for which design formulas and not given in the code shall be based on calculations consistent with the design criteria of this code. These calculations shall be substantiated by one or more of the means stated in A B C or D of 104.7.2 (Does this mean or allow that an elbow can be calculated according a bend with uniform thickness? Refer B31.3) Miter bends under internal pressure (104.3.3): 1. Only straight pipe calculations required if: Elbows under internal pressure (304.2.1): Elbows manufactured according standards listed in Table 326.1 are suitable for use at the pressuretemperature ratings specified by such standards. Elbows not according above standards or for which design formulas and not given in the code shall be based on calculations consistent with the design criteria of this code. These calculations shall be substantiated by one or more of the means stated in A B C or D of 304.7.2, or the elbow can be calculated according the Bend calculation, refer 304.2.2. Miter bends under internal pressure (304.2.3): 1. When theta =< 22.5 deg than max. allowable pressure shall be the lesser of (t = T - c): Elbows under internal pressure (841.231?): No specific design rules are listed for fabricated elbows (Does this mean or allow that an elbow can be calculated according a bend with uniform thickness? Refer B31.3)

Miter bends under internal pressure (841.232): 1. If system hoop stress > 40% of specified minimum yield strength miter bends are not permitted. Deflections caused by misalignment up to 3 deg are not considered as

2. Pressure shall be limited to 70 kPa if:

miters. 2. If 10% < hoop stress < 40% SMYS the deflection of each miter shall not exceed 12.5 deg. 3. If hoop stress < 10% SMYS the total deflection angle shall not exceed 90 deg. 2. When theta > 22.5 deg than max. allowable pressure shall calculated as (t = T - c): 4. If hoop stress > 10% SMYS the distance measured at the crotch shall not be less than one pipe diameter

or and thickness is not less than required for straight pipe 3. Pressure shall be limited to 700 kPa if:

and

and and thickness is not less than required for straight pipe

4. For pressure over 700 kPa: proof For all miter bends the R1 shall not be test, FEA, etc required with a defined minimum for closely spaced and widely less than: spaced miter bend

with A: (T-c) =< 13 mm A = 25 13 < (T-c) =< 22 mm A = 2(T-c) (T-c) > 22 mm A = 2(T-c)/3 + 30 Reducer under internal pressure (104.6): Reducer under internal pressure (304.6.1(b)): Reducer under internal pressure (831.373): 1. Steel butt welded fittings shall comply with ASME B16.9 or MSS Standard Practice and shall have pressure and temperature ratings based on stresses for pipe of the same of equivalent material (831.31b)

1. Flanged reducer according Table 1. Reducers according Table 326.1 126.1 are considered suitable at the shall be considered suitable for use at specified pressure temperature ratings. established pressure-temperature ratings or corresponding straight pipe with 87.5% of nominal wall thickness. 2. Where butt welding reducers are made to a nominal pipe thickness, the reducers shall be considered suitable for use with pipe of the same nominal thickness. 3. Components not covered by the standards listed in Table 126.1 shall be based on calculation consistent with this code. Calculations are to be substantiated by one of: - extensive, successful service experience - experimental analysis 2. Concentric reducers not listed in Table 326.1 may be designed according closures as per ASME VIII div.1

2. Other pressure containing components shall be 3. Eccentric reducers not listed in Table designed the according 326.1 are qualified as unlisted design philosophy of this components and shall be designed and code substantiated by one documented substantiated by one of: of: - extensive, successful service experience - experimental analysis - extensive, successful service experience - experimental analysis

- proof test

- proof test

- proof test

- detailed stress analysis, such as finite - detailed stress analysis, such as finite - engineering calculations element analysis element analysis 3. Closure heads such as (Is ASME VIII div.1 UG32 acceptable?) (Is ASME VIII div.1 UG32 acceptable?) flat, ellipsoidal, spherical or conical heads are allowed for use under this code. Such items may be designed in accordance with ASME VIII div.1 (UG32). Stubon under internal pressure (104.3.1(D)): Required reinforcement area is Stubon under internal pressure (304.3.3): Required reinforcement area is Required reinforcement area is (Fig. F-5): Stubon under internal pressure (831.4 and app. F):

= angle between branch and run

= angle between branch and run reinforcement by header excess header, with reinforcement by branch with

with A is additional thickness for corrosion and tolerances, tmh from straight pipe calculation (104.1.2)

header excess area, with attached reinforcement, weld area and other area Assessment:

attached reinforcement, weld area and other area branch excess

Area A2 and A3 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 831.4(f))

Assessment: Area A2, A3 and A4 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 304.3.3(f3))

tr is reinforcement pad thickness

weld area

area reinforcement ring

area saddle on right angle connections

Assessment:

Area A2,A3, A4 and A5 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0

If

then assess

If

then assess

(para. 104.3.1(D.2.3))

Tee (extruded outlet) under internal pressure (104.3.1(G)): Required reinforcement area is

Tee (extruded outlet) under internal pressure (304.3.4): Required reinforcement area is

Tee (extruded outlet) under internal pressure (831.4 ref. App. F): Required reinforcement area is

K = 1.0 when

K = 1.0 when K = 1.0 when d/D > 0.60 K = 0.6+(2d)/(3D) when 0.15 < d/D <= 0.60 K = 0.7 when d/D <= 0.15

K=

when

K=

when

K = 0.7 when

K = 0.7 when reinforcement by header reinforcement by

header

reinforcement by header reinforcement by branch with reinforcement

by branch with

reinforcement by branch with

excess branch area excess branch area excess branch area Assessment:

Assessment:

Assessment:

If

then assess

If

then assess

Weldolet (branch) under internal pressure (104.3.1(D)): Required reinforcement area is

Weldolet (branch) under internal pressure (304.3.3): Required reinforcement area is

Weldolet (branch) under internal pressure (831.4 ref. App. F): Required reinforcement area is (Fig. F-5):

reinforcement by header, with reinforcement by header, with reinforcement by header

reinforcement by branch with

reinforcement by branch with

reinforcement by branch with

attached reinforcement, weld area and other area Assessment:

with

with Area A2 and A3 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 831.4(f))

= thickness pad or height of 60 deg angle fitting with in reinforcement material

= thickness pad or a height of 0

= area provided by deposited weld metal and attached reinforcement

= area provided by deposited weld metal

Assessment: Area A2, A3 and A4 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 304.3.3(f3))

excess weldolet area in reinforcement zone Assessment:

Area A2,A3, A4 and A5 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 104.3.1(D.2.3))

Cap under internal pressure (104.4.1(B)):

Cap under internal pressure (304.4.1(b)):

Cap under internal pressure (831.372 and 831.373):

Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG-32 app.1-4 Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG-32 Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 app.1-4 UG-32 app.1-4

L = radius dish L = radius dish r = radius knuckle or or or r = radius knuckle L = radius dish r = radius knuckle

Flat closure under internal pressure (104.4.1(b)):

Flat closure under internal pressure (304.4.1(b)):

Flat closure under internal pressure (831.373):

Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 Can be calculated with UG 34 UG 34 ASME VIII div.1 UG 34 Flange under internal pressure (104.5.1(B)): Flange under internal pressure (304.5.1(b)): Flange under internal pressure (831.2):

Can be calculated according ASME VIII Can be calculated according ASME VIII Allowed to use: div.1 app. 2 using B31.3 allowable div.1 app. 2 using B31.3 allowable stresses and temperature limits with: stresses and temperature limits with: ASME B16 series as listed in Appendix A such as B16.5. = design gauge pressure = design gauge pressure Also MSS SP-44. = bolt design stress at atmospheric temperature = bolt design stress at atmospheric temperature For slip-on welding flanges reference is made to ASME VIII div.1 design. Can ASME VIII div.1 be used for calculation?

= bolt design stress at design temperature

= bolt design stress at design temperature

= product SE Blind flange under internal pressure (104.5.2(B)):

= product SEW Blind flange under internal pressure (304.5.2(b)): Blind flange under internal pressure:

Can be calculated according ASME VIII Can be calculated according ASME VIII Can ASME VIII div.1 be div.1 UG-34 with: div.1 UG-34 with: used?

= sum of allowances

= sum of allowances

= internal design gauge pressure

= internal design gauge pressure

= product SE

= product SEW

= pressure design thickness as per ASME VIII div. 1 UG-34 Blanks (spade) under internal pressure (304.5.3(B)):

= pressure design thickness as per ASME VIII div. 1 UG-34 Blanks (spade) under internal pressure (304.5.3(b)): Blanks (spade) under internal pressure: Can ASME VIII div.1 be used?

= sum of allowances

= sum of allowances

= inside diameter of gasket

= inside diameter of gasket

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