Title

Further analysis of rectangular building frames by the mechanical tabulation method

Author(s)

Takabeya, Fukuhei

Citation

Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido Imperial University = , 1: 219-236

Issue Date

1928

Doc URL

http://hdl.handle.net/2115/37675

Right

Type

bulletin (article)

Additional Information

Instructions for use

Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP

Further Anaiysis of RectaRgular BuiEding

Frarnes by the M[echanicag
TabaxZation Method.
By
Prof.

Wukuhei Takabeya,

7rqg'akztkakztshi.

(Received February 25, 1928)

In a previous,paper the author described an exact solution of rect-

angular building frames by the Meehanical Tabulation Method. This

may be' very instructive to show how easily the siinultaneous eqttations

can be mechanically obtained, from which the redundaneies afe to be

computed. The mefits of this rnethod consist in the large reduction in the number of redundancies and no mistakes can be inade in writi"g the
fundamental table, on account of the systeinatic arrangement of the sttthx-number and the symmetrical property of the places where tlie
coefllcients of unknown quantities are to be written. With all its accuracy of the calculation, the method is very simple
and a knowledge of elementary algebra is sufliicient for tbe caleulation of the stresses of higher structures,

While the solution of these simultaneous equations is generally

too long to be used in the actual design of a high building we 1iave

described in the sunimary and conelusion of the former paper how it has great value as a standard calculation for checking the accuracy

of another approximate rapid method.

220 Fukuhei Takabeya.

But we can now say, for this solution after repeated trials, that it

'

has indeed great value also as a practical calculation of the stresses o,f high buildings with speed and precision.

The solution of the set of 18 simultaneous eqqations for unknown

slope op, solved in tlie previous paper, i.e. the problem of a department store building symmetrical abottt the vertical center line of tlie frame, six-stories high and six-spans long, carrying loads concentrated

symmetrieally and distributed uniformly, "'as effected by repeated

trial and checked comparing witli the true value. This repeated trial is accurate enough to obtaiii the approximate
value of redundant stresses.

1. Recapitulation of the Result Obtained in

thePreviousExampie. '
Fig. 1 represeiitsa six storied symmetrical bent with six equal

spans. Ail the systems of load are symmetrical and all legs of the
bent are fixed at the bases, It is required to find the bending monients
at all of tlie joints.

Representing by #==l:l and by p, two tinies the sum of g of all

the members which intei'sect at tlie joint r, e.g. in Fig. 1
Pi == 2 (& + gi + g'i]

2 {98 + 55 + 88,5)

, P2==2(gii+gi+&+gr2)
2 (157.8 +' 55 + 55 + ' 156)

461S iiz3

847,6 in3
etc.)

Further Analysis ofthe Rectangular Building Frames.

221
ill'

we obtain the following table of general equations to be used

deter-

miniiig the unknown slopes for the bent in question (Table

1).

'ISABLE 1.
g-lP.i

'oEa"-"lltl

LeftFIandMemberofEquation
pt
/

P.S[Aitu--

.aili

Cocfficientsof(JnknownSlopesg)
l(p)
l;opt
tA.t.m
[{Pnlep4

T=O :crg ndMn

1epSiirpM

i'- -

t-lltt"

dzl

op,slepd]
i'

rp7

rii
I

-.. =t--I 1paHIopLilepio'epn

=y..Y.
koti.catso.-.ocaDV

.,,I
rp11

[--"'
rpIG
peIT {P]s

i11

Pi

e,

:
8, g.,l
9i4,;

il
l
g,

2ii
3

llg,
P2
'

tI]

t
g
L

C12

0
E

g,
i

'

l
'

P3

00
'

41,
]I
'

8,
g:a

P4

lgl
ij;,

5al

':

16I

P:]

I
g,,

8:1i'

o
C6s
/

gJi

poI g,i
i

Tt
4,1
,,I
/ ctr

7]I

1
1

P7

6f

E
'

Cis

8I
'

g:

18,

gl
Po
g,.

6"

IO
.ig

giI//

g;I

L
;,g

0
Ig;,

rl 101
11
E
ije

i g,

'E'

Pie g,,

fio

P]iltit
lgi]
trILI2[

gl,!

'0
C]2il, i8'i'r`

l2

Pl:]

13

liqi
E

P]:

g,:
g,,
ijf4

C13,14

14
15

t
g;e

g;,l
1

Ltt

.]:

Pl"

0
0

gi4

Pl:,

g,,

16
ll

i7'

'TH
'

p
1

t'ir}

Fic,

6,fi

0
gi7

il

gl,

g,,

P17

o
Cls,lv

i8i,l
I

gl,

gi7

Pis

Substituting each value of p and g in Table 1 gives Table 2.

The figures given in the right-hand column are coefllcients of .00001X as indicated at the head of the column.
These simultaneous eqttations have been solved by process of eliminatioii and the fesults are as follows:
"`

'
di -

Erratum in Memoirs Vol. I. No, 3, Appendix, for 0.0001 read ,00001.

222

Fukuhei Takabeya.

'Il)ABLE 2.
Left-HandMemberofEquation
'CoefieientsofUnknownSlopesg
'rpi

E:eo".
pu'-Uarl

1,
-o

vs:6,Uouo

"v alm'
D

LLaij'?

op2ep:l
1

rpi

oic,

ep7I

elrpo

1epiTi9is

elJ

ep]o

ep11

epI'a

ep13

ep14

rplr]

g)]{i

li4e3

SJ;

.t8,5

lor,s
j

l:s.si

M7.6i55;
1
ssIB47,6i

156

l
l

0
o

4
5

i56.736

55
10-i..

102

o 0
106.g

6
7

ill ssslii
i/ [l
I'

lj'61,ii,55!736f
'

551 432
7.).,5r

72.5

55 530
uC5

72.5
5.l

1065
0

1102 IioeI
l

55

9
10
11

55

530
J.]

5J'1

i402i5j .Ir
55

53
I

co2.5)T55400i

ss
72.5

12
13

11

i' Fx/ i[] liii

l
'

0
0

0
llt765

L
'

14

t
F
l

362 ,sslF
.-

'iIs3.s

I
l'jj8I

ss

sl366lissIlss1
liiii55l3661-")'

0
0

15

i6j
:11

ii llJ51/
1
/

I
'38ein,s

o
'I.s1,lll7i-,sl'saoy7.s

18

]lll
e

)ii
opi=-1.902 23
,=-L-,110 09

's3sl/1l,l/7x:)'l2621allgJ-

t
opio= 029 95 qii==-.es6 24
i2 =1,982 7s opi3--1,914 58

,= .006 6if

op,= ,002 72

qs=-,081 71
q6==1.720 ff q7==2.014 sl
ors= -.171 21 ep,== ,014 24

rpi4=-.175 12
op,,::= .005 13

epi6= .188 98
epi7==-.928 95

is=4,444 89

Further Analysis of Rectangular

Building Frames.

223

P,

Roof
t
oti

e,,=7;.5
at:
::

grc=77,S
17
'1
nrl

]s

tlL
:

.c
by

t-

4.=J5
13
rt
st

t" t"
.l.

14
te

A]

n
ll

co

nt.

s-

th.
tc
pt

S"`-SS

Eie=S5
11
ct
dl

e
Lr,

12
""
L.L'
A

N
ttt t'

et
ll

/ft

t}t'

EL.

': tt'e
gtF.L.
t

,c.
ret'

Ttl.

t de

n ut
or[/

2 lld

I:L,
;

u
.es
11

t'1 s"1 6cl s.t"t

e,--.iJ}

t'

e,r-55

l6C 15C 10C

E=!77.5

AA
IJ,
I),

1)L

P,P,

Pt

P,
er

1,,

1.,

1),

P,

i)z

1,

I)t

e=ss

lk,:

Pl

1,t'1},

1)t

1)!P:

P,

P,
/l

P,

t=5S

1
1

!
P,
'

o"t

Pi
1
b

I)t

ilt

Irt

g--ss

pt

1)

Pt
'

p,
el

"

e -

e
Tl

1)1

t,=S5

-lp

g,=55

sto

P,Pl

/)t

1)iII
'

P,

P,1].
al

e=ss
P:
l),
i'l I]:

tt

e:r5,i

x.
)Jet

lr

In

rl
[i

I):

t)T

'

f);

g,=55

zat

AP,
-s'-t--

op

g=ss
'"t't- +;'-e's -S.-e't .:'-o''

t/

eq
th.

-;tNift- -:'-o'" t;'-e'F. :'-e"

;,'.e'- -s'-t' .tt:tfi-,t.+

ct'e

tt'

[" '1'---

ig

'F

II

'u.

va
ll

'Z
UppeT,si:Tfllcc

III

de
20'-.O''

nva
OO'.liOFt

offoeti[lg

20'Nov
!20'Nott
';i

2ot..

2o'NO''

-'

ELEVATION OF FRAME.
P,==8200#, P,=7450#,
tu,== 255#/l.fr, tu,==200g/lft.

Fig. 1.

The nioments at the ends of the columns and girders given by

the fniidainental equations Mrs=2Et"o
(2op,-+ops-3pt)-C,s ))

n4,- =- .;:)Eg,{2op, + ep, -5pa] + C,,

... ....... (1)

are indicated in.Memoirs Vol, I. No. 3 p. 187, Table 3, xvliere the " 7}7tal Ado7nen"' nieans the total sum of the illoments due to concentrated loads and uniformly distributed loads. The accuracy of the computation has been checked by the statical

condition of equilibrium of the joint-moments and the percentage of

error for the least moment is giveii in the rigl}t-hand column of the same table.

224 Fulcuhei, Takabeya.

2. Computation Procedure by Repeated Trial.
The soltttion of the set of 18 simultaneous equations is too lon.cr to be done, by process of elimination, in the actual design. For the process of eliminaVion we are forced to ,use a calculating

rnachine of high capacity and the neglect of a small decimal part in

calculation effects the res"lt with a considerable percentage of error. The successive approx{mations by rePeated tfial give good resttlts

in the case of ottr problem. Each equation lias generally one term
whose coefficient is relatively large compared with the others,i.e,the

value of p is in general much larger than that of g. If we therefore obtain an approximate value of ep for each joint,
the substitution o these values in each equation in tlie terrris with g, and the solution of the equation for the terrri with p, considering

the op with p to be unkllown, leads to a much closer approximation.

Thus for joint 18 tlie last equation of Table 2 gives:

53,5(]ri3+77.5epi7+262epis=1195,
ifi which we have roughly approximate values, opi3, opi7 and epis with
coeflicient ,00001 as

opi3= 2,266
ep,,=-0.970.
opis=: 4561es Substituting rpi3 and gi7 in the last equation and soiving for epis we get 4,385, a value mttch nearer the true value 4.444(SP with coeffi. cient ,00001.

This same procedure is carried out for each joint and thus a fuII set o new valttes fQr {p is obtained and the process repeated until there is no practieal percentage of error when tlie accuracy of the
compiitation is checked by the statical condition ofequilibrium of the joint-moment, i.e.:

:M;0.
* The computation of these approxirnate
values is treated in section 3.

Further Analysis of Rectangular Building Frames.

225
trial 'and

Table 3 shows the values of op obtained by the repeated

in Table 4 we tabulate the joint-moment compttted by <1)

witli

the

ncarestvaluesofepinTable3.'
Tableofg)ObtainedbyRepeatedTrial
CPI
op2
9):l

TABm 3. ' '

tt

op4

opi'

op6

9)7

opa

op9

AssumedValue
lstApproximation
2liclApproximation

rm

tttt.m

2,250 -O.289
1,905 1.898 1.896

O.037

O,037 -O.O07

-O.289
-O.047

2.250
1.718

2.250 1.922 2.012

rN -O.289
-O,15B
-O.168

O.037

-O.138 -O.110 -O,108

O.020 O,O09 O.O067

O.020 O.O14 O.O14

O.O143
opIS
..tt.

-O.OO04 -O.077 O.O023 -O.083

1,743
1.748 1,7502
opt:-'

3rdApproxirnation

2.010' -O.171 2.0095 -O.1704

{l)"l
tttt.t.tttmmtt

4thApproximation

1.8965 -O.1079
op10
opil

O,O064
[P1?

O.O029 -O,0844
[P,3

q)14

g)t7

AF.suniedValue

ua

O.037 O.022 O.028 O.029

-O,289

2.250 1.954 1.995

2.266
1.877

-0.250 -O.225
--

`O.O18
O.O16
O.Oll

O.197

-O,970
O.911

4.561 4.385 4.447 4.442

lstApproximation 2ndApproximation 3rdApproximation 4thApproximation

-O,213
-O.238 -O,236

O.184

L919
1.912 1.9142

O.173

O.186
O.188

-O.923
-O.927

1.984

-O.175
-T

O.O05 O,O052

O,0299 -O,2362

1.9836

O.1747

O.1889 -.9287

4.4448

TABm 4. TABLE OF JOINT-MOMEN,Ir

(Moments are Expressed in Ft,-lbs.)
I

i
18-17

Total

moment

Percentage of error for

the least momentE:

M
M M

E
I

- 28901.5

M 18-l3
17-18 17-16

28900.1
L

69776.1

-66215.8

* Percentage of error less than O.5% is not written in the table.

226

Fukuhei Takabeya.

TABLE '4 (Continued)

Total
M17-14

moment
3556.1

Percentage of errorfor
.theleast
1110111ent

'

M16--17

tttt.tt
57615.2
'

'

rm.rr

.t.t.t.

M16-c

-58286.0
670.2
-tt.tt.ttL-

M16-15

M15-14

52777.3

"tt.

ttt

rv

ttttt.

M15-c

- 53200.6
ttttt

'

M15-16

348,7
rmtt.

A,I

15-10

76.5
tur

2.4
t.-

%t-tt-tt-

.. .t

"I

..tt

i""

..t

14-13
rm

57532.4 54175.7

M14-15
--

M14-17

t-

'

2236.6

M14--11

ny

tL

M13-14

1112.6
.t.t. ttt

O,6
.".nttt
.tttt

o/70

at--

'

tTtLL

" 43181.5
veL

-M13-lg

-t

22130,8
M13-I2

t-

21068,5

M12-11

L
wu

t.t..

t..ttt.

tttt

.tttt
ttt

..

- 42968.9
21320.0
mt

t.-

'

M12-13

M12-7

21665.5

Further Analysis of Rectangular Building Frames.

227

'

'II]'ABLE

4 (Contintted) Percentageoferrorfor theleastmoment

Tota l.,/t,,liionient
M11-12

57385.0

"rl

11-10
M11-14

-54446.0
un

-1229.4

O.5%o

rvI

11-8
nv

10--11
M10-c

Ttuntwu
N

-53064.7
123.5

M10-15

O.6%

M10-9

196.3
ttt

-uuztt

M9-8

-m

52839.2

M9-c

-53150,5
155.0

M9-10

2.7%'
-

M9--4

160.6

ttttttttwwme

M89

-54127.0
57818,1

M8-11

-1529.0 -2168.5 -42645,5

21759,4

M8-5

"di

7-8
M7-12

228

Fukuhei Takabeva. v

'I[SABLE 4 (Contitttted)

Totalnionient
M7-6

Percentageoferrorfor theleastmoihent

20913.3
-ttttt..t.tt.

M6-5

-43835.2
19973.3

ua

"ff

6-7
M6-1

23g,81,2
'

t.ttttttt.-

.u-tumttrf.-.TTttttt"

M5-6

57578.0

M5-4

-53685.4

M5-8

-1729,9 -2158.2
t-t.t
.tttt

M5-=2

.r7...rrtt

nvL-. rrttwwtu

M4-5

53013.0

M4-c

-53213,2
102.5
'

M4-9

M4-3

95,1
-.
ttt

2.7%
ttt-

t.tttttrmt.-

tttt.

3-2

M
1vr

52967.6

.7tuatttt-tma-

3-cI
M3-4

-53194.0
E
'

122.4

M3-III
ttt

100.9
7tttt

3.0%o
ve

-. rr.tt..--

rvI

2-3

-5ss05.0
57851.1

M2-1:

Further Allalysis of Reetangular Building Frames,

229

TABm 4 (Continued)
Total'
M2-Il

moment

Percentageoferrorfor

theleastmoment

-1702.6 -2341,5

M2-5M1-I

r18585.7
24528.6

um

M1-6

M1-2---=-

-43095.1

MI-1

'9292.8
-851.3

-t

ttfi.tt

II-2
MIII-3

r50.4
53246.8
'

Mc-4

53237.1

Mc-9

53268.5

Mc-10

'53311.4 -53243.5
60481,9

Mc-15

-...-
Mc-16

3. Method of Finding the Approximate

Value of op.
For the approximate valcies of g), which are to be used in the
first

approximation, a rough computation is sucacient oT in other words niay be assuined.

tliey

230 Fnkuhei Takabeya.

As it is convenient to get the value as nearly as possible to the true value we have calculated the valties of op as in the following. Since this procedure is not absolute, other proper methods of finding the approximate value of ep can be applicable here, as the object is

nothing btit to find the approximate value of ep. When the rnore
approximate values are applied at first, the more aeenrate results are
obtained with less effort of repeated trial.

i) A,mproximale Ultlzte ofopis.

To obtain the approximate value of opis, we assume the bent as

shown in Fig. 2 and tlie equation to be used in determining the unknown slope opis is:

Pt P' P',,, g?is=C=-Z5

18

2Epis Pis

T
-t

N 17
#=77.5
g =53.5.

wliere

O"

?
-st-

I P== 2CE=01195 in3 .....,,.(2)

Pis=2(gi7+g'i3) =::262 in3

I 2o'tvb" -

13

z
Fig. 2.

From (2) we get therefore:

epis := 4,561 with coefficient Of .00001.-t
'

ii) APProximale Vdlues of epi7 and epi6

'

To obtain the approximate value of opi7 and rpi6, we assume

the

bent as shown in Fig. 3 and eguations to be used in detei'mining the

unknown slopes epi7 and epi6 are obtained from Table 5.

* We oniit the coeflicient in the caleulation note below.

Furtfher Analysis of Rectangular Building Frames.

231

TABLE 5.
Igeft-HafidMemberofEquqtion

Right-HandMemberof
Equation
Cl)16

opl7

(KnownTerm)
o
-E'op.B

P16 E

R]7

R
otl

A
e=77.5
17

P,
re

18
vts= 4.561

6=77.5

16 '

4=77.5

'C

(g)=35

(g)=:'35

mL7i

TS

, 3. Fig
We get the following two e quations
epi6Pi6+epi7gla'0,
fl'OM

Table 5

opi6g+ep]7Pi7=-iSg,

where
P16=p17=380 i7i g=77,s 7n3,
{Pis = 4.5bl.
--..-I-.----1----

(3)

From these tvgro equations we get: op,,=:: 0.197,

op,,=-0.970.
iii) Amproximale Vkelztes of opi3, op12, op7, q6 and pai.

To obtain the approximate values of 9)13) epi2, ep7, 6 and ep1, we assume the bent as shown in lig, 4. The equation ,to be used lrl
determining pe is: op--i=: f.,(2)-g)ctg').
,(4)

232 Fukuhei Takabeya.

where opet is the kllown value computed directly previously.

For epi3 we have: 'c

(J)i3= ilig(7)-(J)isgti3] ' g,

==2.266 '' cili

epi2::=2250 (g)
and for op7, q6, opi we assumed the same value

P., P. --" P,,

ie rp7--op6:==rpi=2,250 Fig.4,
iv). APProximale Vtzlues of epis, opi4, rpii, opio, opg,

s, ops, op4, op3 and op2,

To obtain tlie approximate values of remaiiiing op, Nsre assunie the

bent as shown in Fig. 5. '

P----ewth--..
4'

EF
gt

h'

P:,PzP!
g:tl

P2I).aPt

PtPtPx
et

A
ln

tt=---y

r(g)'
l

l---------eeft

va

Fig, 5.

The

equatlons to be used in determining ep

gpAgpa+{pE6rpa-ep,,Tgire:

are :

{J)B= -

pc2hg2
p,2-g2

.....,.....,(5)
ep.ig2+(pE,C'g-(pig}'pe

epa=

FurtherAnalysisofRec[angularBuildingFrames. 233
where g)A, opE, opE are the known values computed directly previously,

' Applying (5) gives: qis=0.018 {p,,= -0,250

With these values of epis, epi4 and also epn previously coii]puted,

we get:
ep,,=: - 0,289

epn'L:0os7
For ops, ops, op2 vgJe assumed.the same value as opii and for opg, ep4, op3

the same valiie as wio, as the former find theniselves in almost the same boundary condition as the latter.

1e eps=eps=-ep2=-0.289
ep,:=: op4== op, =0.os7.

' Sz"nmai).,andClonclztsioiis. The pfincipal conclusions to be Grawn from the investigation of the rectangular building frames by the Mechanical Tabulation Method have already been given (Page 183). The solution of simultaneous equations tabulated mechanically is

very much simplified by the method of repeated trial. We have explained the solution with respect to the numerical example treated in these Memoirs Vol. I. No. 3. Together with some additional facts, the method of finding the
first qssumed values of rp will be hefe restated briefiy but more general-

ly than described in the previous section. For frames iii symmetrical condition 'vs,ith inultiple span of even

number, the slopes at the joints in the center line of tlie building
are zero, thus in Fig. 6 opD== opa==ope:=epr==O; wliile in frames of the

same kind with multiple span of odd number, the slopes of the joints
in one vertical plane nearest left to the eenter line of the building, must be eqttal and opposite to those of the joints in another vertical plane nearest right to the center line of the building. Thus in Fig. 7

234

Fukuhei Takabeya.

n
b
t

B
n

C
d

Dg
g
rp.=e
ge

'

A
a
rpdt=O.

B
b c

c g c,
1 cl1
t

t opc=-epc

, rpc = - rpc

'

1
R

'1
w 1

n
t

-v

Number oE Spans=2n

Nurnber of Spans=2n+1

Fig. 6.

Fig. 7.

e
c'

A
(i)
e

x,B

x{I B

C RD fl B C'

rp (given)

op (given)

B
a
9 (given)

p(given)rp(giVeri) rp(given)

va va va
C
R
a

epp=O op(g{ven) (iii)

1 CPc = - rpc'

z'

(iii)a

pCgiven)

C
b

a
(ii)

tu
P1,:=cr
ge(g .IVell )
9c-- (iv )/L
x
7
gec'

va

va nv(iv)
Fig. 8.
r (Pe= -ep ct1

epc= - ep r, etc.

and in general
op = - peI. even or odd number, we calculate for both, firstly the value of epA with

For frames in symmetrical condition with multiple span of

respect to the frame in Fig. 8 (i Secondly we calculate, with

value of opA, the valtte of op. with respect to the frame in Fig. 8

this
(ii)"

FurtherAnalysisofRectangularBuildingFrames. 235
We find likewise with the above computed value of epA the values of
opB and opo with r'espet to the frames in Fig. 8 (iii) and (7rii)., for

frames with span of even and odd nuniber respectively,

In a similar way, with the known vaiues of opa, opB, opa computed previously, we proceed to earry out the calculation for the frames in
Fig. 8 (iev) and (iev),, respectively corresponding to the given frames,

with span of even or odd number.

The computation in a similar way is to be continued until one

obtains the approximate values of all op's.

In Table 3 for the values of op wliich are firstly computed as explained above, we ttse the term assztmed evalztes of. ep and fof the values

of op coTiiputed by the method of approximation of i}epeated trial we

use the term aPzSroximate valztes of op.

The principal object is to obtain, even roughly but easily, the

assumed values of ep, which can be hereafter gradually corrected, er
e

as it were, refined by the test of repeated trial which lea'ds to a mttch

eloser approximation. This process must be repeated ufitil there is

practical agreement of the condition of equllibrittm or until the

difference is small enough to satisfy the desired accuracy of the given

' ' In the pfoblem treated above, the percentage of error for tlie least

moment has been computed and is shown in '])able 4, where we see no large pereentage of error greater tlian 3.0%. This error is not s considerable to the purposes of praetical design and if we distribute
the error of discrepancy over all the joint-moments, which niust satisfy

the condition of equilibrium, we can obtain thereby an even less percentage of error.

It is notieeable that the proeess of elimination for the solution of simultaneous eguations may perhaps be considered as a good method

of finding ttnknowns, notwithstanding that we often find there some inevitable error of accumulation caused by the neglect of some sniall
decimal part in ealculation. The process of repeated trial is generally

in the strict sense the method of correctiflg the computed results

236 Fukuhei Takabeya.

The percentage of error for the least moinent due to tliejoint-moments

shown in Me7noirs, Vol. I. No. 3, Table 3 may become zero by the

process of repeated trial.

The method here proposed however, starting upon the approximate

repeated trial, lends itself w611 to an exact solution. A complete

solution of the 18 simultaneous equations by process of elimination requires, in our experiments, at least one month-involved labour of
five continuous hours a day in virtue of the necessity of using a cal-

culating machine of high capaeity; the inethod of repeated trial lioweveT solved the same problem with only two day's work with a machine of low capacity; the rapid computation by sliderules may

alsogivegoodr'esultsonthesameproblem. It is worthy of note that for all the calculation of secondary

stresses the Mechanical Tabulation Method is the most exact and

simple method to get the simultaneous equatipns to be used in deter-

mining the redundancies, the saving in time and labour being very considerable, and it gives results, by the process of repeated trial
with speed and precision, for all values substantially identical with
those of the exact inethod of elimination.

' This procedure may be well applieable to the investigation of

building frames in asymmetrical condition with rnore or less considfi eration to the different boundary eonditions.

, Sapporo, January, 1928.

g