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1. Describe five ways that concept mapping software benefits students.

Five ways that concept mapping software benefits students includes enhancing visual literacy because so much of todays information is presented in visual form, particularly on the television and Internet, it has become essential that students learn to critically analyze and evaluate the meaning and function of images in the media. Practicing visual literacy helps students see how ideas are connected and find ways to group and organize information. Students also can easily add concepts already learned and connect them to prior knowledge, making information more meaningful and retainable. Improving communication, using concept mapping software can help students communicate complex ideas and be creative in the process. Concept maps in Inspiration and Kidspiration can be transferred to a word processor, presentation, or web page allowing students to communicate their ideas in multiple ways. Improving research skills using concept mapping software, students can also link to more than just text. By linking concepts to photos, clip art, external documents, hyperlinks to websites, videos, and sounds, students must be creative in finding this media to augment concepts. This provides students with opportunities to use technology resources ethically. And helping students write more effectively students can enter concepts in Inspiration and switch to outline view to further add and develop ideas in writing. Students using Kidspiration can create concept maps and then switch to writing view to expand their thoughts. Using the assistance from spelling and grammar tools in these programs, students can write more effectively checking and correcting their writing as needed.

2. Describe four ways that concept mapping software benefits teachers. Four ways that concept mapping software benefits teachers include differentiation according to experts, (Golon, 2008; Silverman, 2002; Sword, 2002), differences in individual thinking and learning styles correspond to the three principal senses: vision, hearing and touching. As we have already learned in previous chapters, thinking with the visual senses incorporates pictures, colors, abstract plans, and diagrams. Thinking with auditory senses uses sounds, conversations, rhythm, and melody. Individuals who use the whole body or kinesthetic senses use their balance, weight, temperature, emotional state, or intuition to learn new information. Traditional teaching techniques, where concepts are introduced in a step-by-step fashion tend to be designed for auditory sequential learners who learn in a linear, logical fashion. This process is suitable for auditory learners but for visual-spatial learners who more rapidly understand lots of interrelated concepts within a particular context all at once; traditional methods may actually hinder their learning. Critical analysis, students need to how to critically analyze the mass of information they find on the Internet, magazines, movies, and television. Since young people learn more than half of what they know from all these visuals, using

concept mapping software can be an excellent way for teachers to help students think critically about and interpret the meanings behind what they see. Scaffolds provide sufficient supports to promote student learning when concepts are first being introduced. By creating instructional materials using concept maps, teachers can give students an overview of a topic and show how topics are related. This process provides a supportive framework that makes learning more meaningful and more retainable. Additionally, as students are learning to use concept mapping software, teachers can provide templates to get students started. Both strategies are excellent ways of scaffolding students as they learn a new technology so that the focus on content can be maintained rather than on the technology itself. And assessment if students are allowed to visualize their thinking with concept mapping software, this is a natural way for teachers to combine the process of learning with assessment. When using concept mapping software, students can demonstrate and reveal with more clarity and connectedness their understanding of basic concepts. Using students concept maps as a measure of what they actually know, teachers will have a more informative and visual representation of the knowledge students have obtained.

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