PAPER 1

1 The functions f and g are defined by

1
f : x → —, x ∈ R \ {0};
x
g : x → 2x – 1, x ∈ R.
Find f ° g and its domain. [4 marks]
3
(x – 2)2
∫ 5 2
2 Show that ——— 2
dx = — + 4 ln
— [4 marks]
2 x 3 3
3 Using definitions, show that, for any sets A, B and C,
A ∩ (B ∪ C) ⊂ (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C). [5 marks]
1
4 If z is a complex number such that |z| = 1, find the real part of ——–. [6 marks]
1–z
1
5 The polynomial p(x) = 2x 3 + 4x 2 + —x – k has factor (x + 1).
2
(a) Find the value of k. [2 marks]
(b) Factorise p(x) completely. [4 marks]
sin x – cos x d 2y dy
6 If y = —————–, show that —— 2
= 2y—–. [6 marks]
sin x + cos x dx dx


1 0 0
7 Matrix A is given by A = 1 –1 0 .
1 –2 1
(a) Show that A = I, where I is the 3 × 3 identity matrix, and deduce A–1.
2
[4 marks]


1 4 3
(b) Find matrix B which satisfies BA = 0 2 1 . [4 marks]
–1 0 2
8 The lines y = 2x and y = x intersect the curve y2 + 7xy = 18 at points A and B respectively,
where A and B lie in the first quadrant.
(a) Find the coordinates of A and B. [4 marks]
(b) Calculate the perpendicular distance of A to OB, where O is the origin. [2 marks]
(c) Find the area of the OAB triangle. [3 marks]

9 Find the solution set of the inequality

 
4 3
—— > 3 – —. [10 marks]
x–1 x
x
10 Show that the gradient of the curve y = ——– is always decreasing. [3 marks]
x2 – 1
Determine the coordinates of the point of inflexion of the curve, and state the intervals for
which the curve is concave upward. [5 marks]
Sketch the curve. [3 marks]

Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper 1

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 1 07/01/2009 10:08:49 AM

 11 Sketch, on the same coordinate axes, the curves y = 6 – e x and y = 5e–x, and find the
coordinates of the points of intersection. [7 marks]
Calculate the area of the region bounded by the curves. [4 marks]
Calculate the volume of the solid formed when the region is rotated through 2π radians
about the x-axis. [5 marks]

12 At the beginning of this year, Mr. Liu and Miss Dora deposited RM10 000 and RM2000
respectively in a bank. They receive an interest of 4% per annum. Mr Liu does not make
any additional deposit nor withdrawal, whereas, Miss Dora continues to deposit RM2000 at
the beginning of each of the subsequent years without any withdrawal.
(a) Calculate the total savings of Mr. Liu at the end of nth year. [3 marks]
(b) Calculate the total savings of Miss Dora at the end of nth year. [7 marks]
(c) Determine in which year the total savings of Miss Dora exceeds the total savings of
Mr. Liu. [5 marks]

PAPER 2

1 Show that the substitution u = x 2 + y transforms the differential equation

dy
(1 – x)—– + 2y + 2x = 0
dx
into the differential equation
du
(1 – x) —– = –2u. [3 marks]
dx
2 In triangle ABC, the point X divides BC internally in the ratio m : n, where m + n = 1.
Express AX 2 in terms of AB, BC, CA, m and n. [5 marks]

θ 2t 1 – t2
3 If t = tan —, show that sin θ = ——– and cos θ = ——–. [4 marks]
2 1 + t2 1 + t2

Hence, find the values of θ between 0° and 360° that satisfy the equation
10 sin θ – 5 cos θ = 2. [3 marks]

4 The diagram below shows the circumscribed circle of the triangle ABC.
B

R Q C
P

T
A

The tangent to the circle at A meets the line BC extended to T. The angle bisector of the
angle ATB cuts AC at P, AB at Q and the circle at R. Show that
(a) triangles APT and BQT are similar, [4 marks]
(b) PT • BT = QT • AT, [2 marks]
(c) AP = AQ. [4 marks]

5 The position vectors of the points A, B and C, with respect to the origin O, are a, b and c
respectively. The points L, M, P and Q are the midpoints of OA, BC, OB, and AC respectively.
2 Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 2 07/01/2009 10:08:52 AM

 1 1
(a) Show that the position vector of any point on the line LM is —a + — λ(b + c – a) for
2 2
some scalar λ, and express the position vector of any point on the line PQ in terms of
a, b and c. [6 marks]
(b) Find the position vector of the point of intersection of the line LM and the line PQ.
[4 marks]

6 A 50 litre tank is initially filled with 10 litres of brine solution containing 20 kg of salt.
Starting from time t = 0, distilled water is poured into the tank at a constant rate of 4 litres
per minute. At the same time, the mixture leaves the tank at a constant rate of k litres per
minute, where k > 0. The time taken for overflow to occur is 20 minutes.
(a) Let Q be the amount of salt in the tank at time t minutes. Show that the rate of change of
Q is given by
dQ Q k
—– = – ——————.
dt 10 + (4 – k)t
Hence, express Q in terms of t. [7 marks]
(b) Show that k = 4, and calculate the amount of salt in the tank at the instant overflow
occurs. [6 marks]
(c) Sketch the graph of Q against t for 0 ≤ t ≤ 20. [2 marks]

7 There are 12 towels, two of which are red. If five towels are chosen at random, find the
probability that at least one is red. [4 marks]
1
8 The random variable X has a binomial distribution with parameters n = 500 and p = —.
2
Using a suitable approximate distribution, find P(|X – E(X)| ≤ 25). [6 marks]

9 In a basket of mangoes and papayas, 70% of mangoes and 60% of papayas are ripe. If 40%
of the fruits in the basket are mangoes,
(a) find the percentage of the fruits which are ripe, [3 marks]
(b) find the percentage of the ripe fruits which are mangoes. [4 marks]

10 A sample of 100 fuses, nominally rated at 13 amperes, are tested by passing increasing
electric current through them. The current at which they blow are recorded and the
following cumulative frequency table is obtained.

Current (amperes) Cumalative frequency

< 10 0
< 11 8
< 12 30
< 13 63
< 14 88
< 15 97
< 16 99
< 17 100
Calculate the estimates of the mean, median and mode. Comment on the distribution.
[8 marks]

Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper 3

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 3 07/01/2009 10:08:52 AM

 11 The continuous random variable X has probability density function
⎫ 0, x<0
⎪
5
⎪— – x, 0 ≤ x < 1,
f(x) = ⎬ 4
⎪ 1
⎪ ——,2
x ≥ 1.
⎭ 4x
(a) Find the cululative distribution function of X. [7 marks]
(b) Calculate the probability that at least one of two independent observed values of X is
greater than three. [4 marks]

12 A car rental shop has four cars to be rented out on a daily basis at RM50.00 per car.
The average daily demand for cars is four.
(a) Find the probability that, on a particular day,
(i) no cars are requested, [2 marks]
(ii) at least four requests for cars are received. [2 marks]
(b) Calculate the expected daily income received from the rentals. [5 marks]
(c) If the shop wishes to have one more car, the additional cost incurred is RM20.00 per
day. Determine whether the shop should buy another car for rental. [5 marks]

SUGGESTED ANSWERS

PAPER 1 3. By using basic definitions of sets,

A \ B means A – B or
1 A ∩ B'. let x ∈ A ∩ (B ∪ C),
1. f : x → —, x ∈R \ {0} then, x ∈ A and x ∈(B ∪ C)
x
g : x → 2x – 1, x ∈R x ∈ A and (x ∈ B or x ∈ C)
f ° g = fg(x) (x ∈ A and x ∈ B) or (x ∈ A and x ∈ C)
= f(2x – 1) (x ∈ A ∩ B) or (x ∈ A ∩ C)
1 1 x ∈ (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C)
= ———, x ≠ — Thus, all elements in A ∩ (B ∪ C) are also
2x – 1 2
1 found in (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C).

The domain of f ° g is x : x ∈ R, x ≠ — .
2  Hence, A ∩ (B ∪ C) ⊂ (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C)
3 (x – 2)2
[shown]
2. ∫
2
———
x2
dx
4. Let z = x + yi.
3 x 2 – 4x + 4 |z| = 1
=
2∫

————–—
x2
dx  x2 + y2 = 1
3 4 x2 + y2 = 1 … (1)
∫

= 2 1 – — + 4x –2 dx
x  1
——– = —————
1
x –1 3 1–z 1 – (x + yi)

= x – 4 ln |x| + 4 ——

–1 2  = —————
1
1 – x – yi
4 3

= x – 4 ln |x| – —
x 2  1 – x + yi
= ——————————
(1 – x – yi)(1 – x + yi)
4 4


= 3 – 4 ln 3 – — – 2 – 4 ln 2 – —
3 2  1 – x + yi
= ——————
(1 – x)2 + y 2
5 1 – x + yi
= — + 4 ln 2 – 4 ln 3 = ———————
3 1 – 2x + x 2 + y 2
5 1 – x + yi
= — + 4(ln 2 – ln 3) = —————
3 1 – 2x + 1
5 2 From (1)
= — + 4 ln —
3 3

[shown] 1 – x + yi
= ————–
2 – 2x

4 Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 4 07/01/2009 10:08:52 AM

 d 2y
1 – x + yi (sin x + cos x)——
= ————— dx 2
2(1 – x)
dy dy
1–x
= ———— + ————i
y
dx dx 
+ —– – 1 + —– (cos x – sin x)
2(1 – x) 2(1 – x)
+ y(–sin x – cos x) = 0
1 y
= — + ————i d 2y
2 2(1 – x) (sin x + cos x) ——
dx 2
1 1 dy
Hence, the real part of ——– is —.
1–z 2

+ 2 —– – 1 (cos x – sin x)
dx
1 + y(–sin x – cos x) = 0
5. (a) p(x) = 2x 3 + 4x 2 + —x – k
2 d 2y dy
Since (x + 1) is a factor of p(x), then
(sin x + cos x) ——
dx 2

= 2—– – 1 (sin x – cos x) +
dx
p(–1) = 0 y(sin x + cos x)
1 d 2y dy sin x – cos x



3 2
2(–1) + 4(–1) + — (–1) – k = 0 —— = 2—– – 1 ——–—––—
2 dx 2 dx sin x + cos x
1 sin x + cos x
–2 + 4 – — – k = 0
2

+ y ——————
sin x + cos x 
3 d 2y dy
—–k=0
2

—— = 2 —– – 1 y + y
dx 2 dx 
3 d 2y dy
k=— —— = 2y —– [shown]
2 dx 2 dx
1 3
(b) Therefore, p(x) = 2x 3 + 4x 2 + —x – — 7. (a) A2 = AA
2 2



1 0 0 1 0 0
3
2x 2 + 2x – — = 1 –1 0 1 –1 0
2 1 –2 1 1 –2 1
3 2 1 3


x + 1 2x + 4x + —x – — 1 0 0
2 2 = 0 1 0
2x 3 + 2x 2 0 0 1
1 = I [shown]
2x 2 + — x
2 A2 = I
2x 2 + 2x AA = I
3 3
– —x – —
2 2 AA–1 = I
3 3 By comparison, A–1 = A
– —x – —


2 2 1 0 0
0 = 1 –1 0
3 1 –2 1


Hence, p(x) = (x + 1) 2x + 2x – — 2



2 1 4 3
(b) BA = 0 2 1
4x 2 + 4x – 3
= (x + 1) ——————
2  –1 0 2


1 4 3
1
= — (x + 1)(2x + 3)(2x – 1) BAA–1 = 0 2 1 A–1
2
–1 0 2
sin x – cos x
6. y = ——————


1 4 3
sin x + cos x
BI = 0 2 1 A–1
(sin x + cos x)y = sin x – cos x
–1 0 2
dy



(sin x + cos x)—– + 1 4 3 1 0 0
dx B = 0 2 1 1 –1 0
y(cos x – sin x) = cos x + sin x –1 0 2 1 –2 1
dy


(sin x + cos x) —– – 1 + y(cos x – sin x) = 0


8 –10 3
dx
= 3 –4 1
d 2y dy
dx

dx 
(sin x + cos x) ——2 + —– – 1 (cos x – sin x)
8. (a) y = 2x
1 –4 2
............. (1)
dy y=x ............. (2)
+ y(–sin x – cos x) + (cos x – sin x) —— = 0
dx y 2 + 7xy = 18 ............. (3)

Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper 5

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 5 07/01/2009 10:08:52 AM

 Substituting (1) into (3),
(2x)2 + 7x(2x) = 18 
4
9. y = ———
x–1 
4x 2 + 14x 2 = 18
⎫ ——–,
4
x>1
18x 2 = 18 ⎪ x–1
x2 = 1 y = ⎬
4
x = ±1 ⎪ – ——–
⎭


x–1
, x<1 
x = –1 is not accepted because point A lies
in the first quadrant. As y → ∞, x – 1 → 0
Thus, x = 1. x→1
When x = 1, y = 2(1) = 2 Thus, x = 1 is the asymptote.
Hence, the coordinates of point A are As x → ±∞, y → 0.

 
(1, 2). 4
The graph of y = ——– is as shown.
Substituting (2) into (3), x–1
x 2 + 7x 2 = 18 y
8x 2 = 18 4
y = ———
3 x–1
9 y = 3 – —–
x2 = — x
4 4
3 3 3
y = 3 – —–
x =±—
2 A


4 x
2 y = – ———
x–1
3
x = – — is not accepted because point B x
2 O 1 3
lies in the first quadrant.
3 3
Thus, x = —. y=3–—
2 x
3 3 As y → ∞, x → 0
When x = —, y = —
2 2 Thus, x = 0 (the y-axis) is the asymptote.
Hence, the coordinates of point B are As x → ± ∞, y → 3.
3 3 3

—, — .
2 2  The graph of y = 3 – — is as shown.
x
The x-coordinate of point A is obtained by
3
—–0 solving the following equations simultaneously.
y–0 2
(b) The equation of OB is ——— = ———– 4
x–0 3 y = ——– ... (1)
—–0 x–1
2 3
y=x y=3–— ... (2)
x
x–y=0 4 3
The perpendicular distance from A(1, 2) to ——— = 3 – —
x–1 x
OB
4 3x – 3
——– = ———
|1 – 2| x–1 x
= —————
1 + (–1)2
2 (3x – 3)(x – 1) = 4x
3x 2 – 6x + 3 – 4x = 0
1
= —– 3x 2 – 10x + 3 = 0
2 (3x – 1)(x – 3) = 0
2 1
= —– units x = — or 3
2 3

 
3 1
0 1 — 0 x = — is not accepted
1 2 3
(c) Area of ∆OAB = —
2 3 Thus, x = 3
0 2 — 0
2 The solution set for which

1 3
=——–3
2 2    ——–
x – 1
4 3
> 3 – — is given by the part of the
x
graph where the curve y =  ——–
4
 
3
= –—
4
x–1
3
is above the curve y = 3 – —, that is,
3 x
= — units2
4 {x : 0 < x < 1 or 1 < x < 3}.

6 Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 6 07/01/2009 10:08:52 AM

 x
10. y = ——— + + + +
x2 – 1 x2 + 3 > 0
dy (x 2 – 1)(1) – x(2x) – – – +
—– = ———————— (x – 1)3 > 0
dx (x 2 – 1)2 – – + +
2 x>0
–x – 1
= ———— – + + +
(x 2 – 1)2 (x + 1)3 > 0
–(x 2 + 1) x
= ———— – –1 + 0 – 1 +
(x 2 – 1)2
dy Hence, the intervals for which the curve
Since —– < 0 for all real values of x, then
dx concaves upwards are –1 < x < 0 or x > 1
the gradient of the curve is always decreasing. and the intervals for which the curve concaves
[shown] downwards are x < –1 or 0 < x < 1.
d 2y –(x 2 – 1)2(2x) + (x 2 + 1)(2)(x 2 – 1)(2x) x
—— 2
= ———————————————–– The curve y = ——— is as shown below.
dx (x 2 – 1)4 x2 – 1
–2x(x – 1)[x – 1 – 2(x 2 + 1)]
2 2
y
= —————————————
(x 2 – 1)4
2
–2x (–x – 3)
= ——————
(x 2 – 1)3
2x(x 2 + 3) x
= ————— –1 O 1
(x 2 – 1)3
2
dy
When —— = 0,
dx 2
2
2x(x + 3)
————– =0
(x 2 – 1)3 11. y = 6 – e x
x =0 On the x-axis, y = 0
0 6 – ex = 0
When x = 0, y = ——— =0
02 – 1 ex = 6
(x 2 – 1)3(6x 2 + 6) – x = ln 6
d 3y (2x)(x 2 + 3)(3)(x 2 – 1)2(2x) Thus, the curve y = 6 – e x intersects the x-axis
—— = ———————————— at (ln 6, 0).
dx 3 (x 2 – 1)6
On the y-axis, x = 0
6(x – 1) (x + 1) – (12x 2)(x 2 + 3)(x 2 – 1)2
2 3 2
= ———————————————— y = 6 – e0
(x 2 – 1)6 y=5
6(x – 1) [(x – 1)(x 2 + 1) – (2x 2)(x 2 + 3)]
2 2 2
Thus, the curve y = 6 – e x intersects the y-axis
= ————————————————
(x 2 – 1)6 at (0, 5).
6(x – 1) (x – 1 – 2x 4 – 6x 2) As x → ∞, y → –∞
2 2 4
= ————————————
(x 2 – 1)6 As x → –∞, y → 6
6(–x – 1 – 6x 2)
4
y
= ———————
(x 2 – 1)4
6
d 3y 6[–04 – 1 – 6(0)2] 5
When x = 0, —— 3
= ———————— = –6 y = 6 – ex
dx (02 – 1)4
(that is ≠ 0)
d 2y d 3y y = 5e–x
Since —— 2
= 0 and —— ≠0 (ln 5, 1)
dx dx 3 O
x
ln 6
when x = 0, then (0, 0) is the point of inflexion.
When the curve concaves upwards.
y = 5e–x
d 2y On the y-axis, x = 0
—— >0
dx 2 y = 5(e0)
2x(x 2 + 3) y=5
————— >0
(x 2 – 1)3 Therefore, the curve y = 5e–x intersects the
2x(x 2 + 3) y-axis at (0, 5).
——————— >0 As x → ∞, y → 0.
[(x + 1)(x – 1)]3
As x → –∞, y → ∞
2x(x 2 + 3) The curve y = 6 – e x and y = 5e–x are as
——————— >0
(x + 1)3(x – 1)3 shown.

Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper 7

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 7 07/01/2009 10:08:53 AM

 y = 6 – e x ... (1) 12. (a) For Mr. Liu:
y = 5e–x ... (2) At the end of the 1st year, the total
Substituting (1) into (2), savings, U1 = 1.04 × 10 000
6 – e x = 5e–x At the end of the 2nd year, the total
6e x – (e x)2 = 5 savings, U2 = 1.04(1.04 × 10 000)
Letting e x = p, = 1.042 × 10 000
6p – p2 = 5 At the end of the 3rd year, the total
2
p – 6p + 5 = 0 savings, U3 = 1.04(1.042 × 10 000)
(p – 1)(p – 5) = 0 = 1.043 × 10 000
p = 1 or 5 
When p = 1, At the end of the nth year, the total
ex = 1 savings, Un = 1.04n × 10 000
x = ln 1 = RM10 000(1.04n)
x=0 (b) For Miss Dora:
When x = 0, y = 6 – e0 = 5 At the end of the 1st year, the total
When p = 5, savings, U1 = 1.04 × 2000
ex = 5 At the beginning of the 2nd year, the total
x = ln 5 savings = (1.04 × 2000) + 2000
When x = ln 5, y = 6 – eln 5 = 6 – 5 = 1 At the end of the 2nd year, the total
Hence, the points of intersection are (0, 5) and savings, U2 = 1.04[(1.04 × 2000) + 2000]
(ln 5, 1). = 1.042 × 2000 + 1.04 × 2000
Area of the shaded region At the beginning of the 3rd year, the total
ln 5 savings = (1.042 × 2000 + 1.04 × 2000) +
= ∫ 0
[(6 – e x) – 5e–x] dx 2000
ln 5 At the end of the 3rd year, the total
5

= 6x – e x – —— e–x
(–1)  savings,
0 U3 = 1.04[1.042 × 2000 + 1.04 × 2000 +
ln 5
5

= 6x – e + —–
ex
x
 0
2000]
= 1.043 × 2000 + 1.042 × 2000 +
5 5 1.04 × 2000
= 6 ln 5 – e ln 5
+ ——
eln 5
– 0 – e0 + —–
e0
 
At the end of the nth year, the total
5 savings,
= 6 ln 5 – 5 + — – (–1 + 5)
5 Un = 1.04n × 2000 + ... + 1.042 × 2000
= 6 ln 5 – 5 + 1 + 1 – 5 + 1.04 × 2000
= (6 ln 5 – 8) units2 = 2000(1.04n + ... + 1.042 + 1.04)
1.04 (1.04n – 1)
Volume of the solid generated

= 2000 ——–——–——
1.04 – 1 
ln 5
=π ∫ = 52 000(1.04n – 1)
x 2 –x 2
[(6 – e ) – (5e ) ] dx
0
(c) When the total savings of Miss Dora
ln 5 exceeds the total savings of Mr. Liu,
=π ∫ 0
[36 – 12e x + e2x – 25e–2x] dx 52 000(1.04n – 1) > 10 000 (1.04n)
ln 5 5.2(1.04n – 1) > 1.04n
1 25

= π 36x – 12e x + —e2x – —— e–2x
2 (–2)  5.2(1.04n) – 5.2 > 1.04n
0 (5.2 – 1)(1.04n) > 5.2
ln 5
1 25 4.2 (1.04n) > 5.2

= π 36x – 12e x + — e2x + ——–
2 2e2x  5.2
0 1.04n > ——
1 25 4.2

= π 36 ln 5 – 12e + —e2 ln 5 + ——––
2
ln 5
2e2 ln 5

n ln 1.04 > ln ——
5.2

4.2
1 25


– 0 – 12e0 + —e0 + ——
2 2e0 

ln ——
5.2

4.2
1 25 n > —————
= π[36 ln 5 – 12(5) + — (25) + ——— ln 1.04
2 2(25) n > 5.45
1 25


– –12 + — + —–
2 2  Smallest integer value of n = 6
Hence, the total savings of Miss Dora
= π(36 ln 5 – 48) exceeds the total savings of Mr. Liu at the
= 12(3 ln 5 – 4)π units3 end of the 6th year.

8 Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 8 07/01/2009 10:08:53 AM

 Paper 2 Based on ∆ABC,
1. u=x +y 2 2t
sin θ = ——— [shown] and
du dy 1 + t2
—– = 2x + —– 1–t 2
dx dx cos θ = ——— [shown]
1 + t2
dy du
—– = —– – 2x 10 sin θ – 5 cos θ = 2
dx dx
2t 1 – t2
dy
(1 – x)—– + 2y + 2x = 0
1+t 
10 ——–2 – 5 ———

1 + t2  =2
dx 10(2t) – 5(1 – t 2 ) = 2(1 + t 2 )
du 20t – 5 + 5t 2 = 2 + 2t 2


(1 – x) —– – 2x + 2(u – x2) + 2x = 0
dx 3t 2 + 20t – 7 = 0
du (3t – 1)(t + 7) = 0
(1 – x)—– – 2x(1 – x) + 2u – 2x2 + 2x = 0 1
dx t = — or t = –7
3
du
(1 – x)—– – 2x + 2x2 + 2u – 2x2 + 2x = 0 1
dx When t = —,
3
du
(1 – x)—– + 2u = 0 θ 1
tan — = —
dx 2 3
du θ
(1 – x)—– = –2u — = 18.43°
dx 2
[shown] θ = 36.9° [correct to one decimal place]
m When t = –7,


A
2. BX = ——— BC
m+n θ
tan — = –7
m 2
1

BX = — BC θ
— = 98.13°
BX = mBC 2
B m X n C θ = 196.3° [correct to one decimal place]
In ∆ABC, by using the cosine rule, 4. B
AB2 + BC 2 – CA2
cos ∠ABC = ———————
2(AB)(BC)
R θ
In ∆ABX, by using the cosine rule, C
Q P
AX 2 = AB2 + BX 2 – 2(AB)(BX) cos ∠ABC
θ
= AB2 + (mBC)2 A
T

AB2 + BC 2 – CA2
– 2(AB)(mBC) ———–————
2(AB)(BC)  (a) ∠BTQ = ∠ATP [RQPT is the angle
bisector of ∠ATB]
= AB2 + m2BC 2 – m(AB2 + BC 2 – CA2) ∠PAT = ∠QBT [Alternate segment
= AB2 + m2BC 2 – mAB2 – mBC 2 + mCA2 theorem]
= (1 – m)AB2 + (m2 – m)BC 2 + mCA2 APT
= (1 – m)AB2 + m(m – 1)BC 2 + mCA2 Hence, ∆—— are similar [shown].
BQT
= nAB2 + m(–n)BC 2 + mCA2
APT
= nAB2 – mnBC 2 + mCA2 (b) Since ∆ —— are similar, then
BQT
θ AT PT
2 tan — —– = —–
2 BT QT
3. tan θ = —————— B
θ PT • BT = QT • AT [shown]
1 – tan2 —
2 1 + t2 APT
2t (c) Since ∆—— are similar,
2t BQT
tan θ = ——— θ
1 – t2 A
then ∠APT = ∠BQT.
1 – t2 C
Let ∠APT = ∠BQT = θ.
AB = AC 2 + BC2 ∠APQ = 180° – θ [Angles on a straight
= (1 – t 2 )2 + (2t)2 line]
= 1 – 2t 2 + t 4 + 4t 2 ∠AQP = 180° – θ [Angles on a straight
= 1 + 2t 2 + t 4 line]
Since ∠APQ = ∠AQP, then
= (1 + t 2 )2 ∆APQ is an isosceles triangle where
= 1 + t2 AP = AQ [shown].

Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper 9

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 9 07/01/2009 10:08:54 AM

 5. y → → →
B M
(b) YX = OX – OY
C 1 1
X = —a + —λ (b + c – a)
c 2 2
Y T Q
1 1
b
P
2 
– —b + — µ(a + c – b)
2 
A
1 1 1 1 1
a L = —a + —λ b + —λ c – —λ a – —b
O
x 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
– — µa – —µc + — µb
2 2 2
(a) Let X be a point on the line LM.
→ → → 1 1 1 1 1
OX = OL + LX 2

= — – —λ – —µ a + —λ – —
2 2 
2

2
→ →
= OL + λ LM, where LX = λ LM 1 1 1
→ → → → 2 
+ —µ b + —λ – —µ c
2
2 
= OL + λ(LO + OB + BM)
Let T be the point of interesection of the
→ → → 1→
= OL + λ LO + OB + —BC
2  line LM and the line PQ.
→
At point T, YX = 0.
→ → → 1 → →

= OL + λ LO + OB + —(BO + OC)
2 

1 1 1

1
— – —λ – —µ a + —λ – — + —µ b

1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
2 2 
= —a + λ – —a + b + —(–b + c)
2  1


1
+ —λ – —µ c = 0 
2 2
1 1 1 1
2 2

= —a + λ – —a + b – —b + —c
2 2  1
2
1
— – —λ – —µ = 0
2
1
2
1 1 1 1 1–λ–µ =0
2 2 2

= —a + λ – —a + —b + —c
2  λ+µ =1 ...(1)
1 1 1 1 1
= —a + — λ (–a + b + c) —λ – — + —µ = 0
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 λ–1+µ =0
= —a + — λ (b + c – a) [shown] λ+µ =1
2 2
Hence, the position vector of any point on 1 1
—λ – —µ = 0
1 1 2 2
the line LM is —a + —λ(b + c – a). [shown] λ–µ=0 ...(2)
2 2
Let Y be a point on the line PQ. (1) + (2): 2λ = 1
→ → → 1
OY = OP + PY λ =—
→ → 2
= OP + µPQ, where PY = µPQ 1
→ → → → From (1): — + µ = 1
= OP + µ(PO + OA + AQ) 2
1
→ → → 1 → µ=—
= OP + µ PO + OA + —AC
2  2
→
1
→ → → 1 → → Substituting µ = — into OY,
= OP + µ[PO + OA + — (AO + OC)] 2
2
→ 1 1 1
1 1

1
= —b + µ – —b + a + —(–a + c) 
OT = —b + — — (a + c – b)
2 2 2

2 2 2
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 = —b + —a + —c – —b
2 2 2

= —b + µ – —b + a – —a + —c
2  2 4 4 4
1 1 1
1 1 1 1 = —a + —b + —c
2 2 2

= —b + µ – —b + —a + —c
2  4 4 4
1
1 1 = —(a + b + c)
= —b + — µ(–b + a + c) 4
2 2 Hence, the position vector of the point of
1 1
= —b + — µ(a + c – b) intersection of the line LM and the line
2 2 1
PQ is —(a + b + c).
Hence, the position vector of any point on 4
1 1 6. (a) Let V be the volume of solution in the
the line PQ is —b + — µ(a + c – b).
2 2 tank at time t minutes.

10 Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 10 07/01/2009 10:08:54 AM

 Rate of change of volume of solution dV
(b) —– = 4 – k
Change in volume of solution dt
= —————————————– 50 20

dV δV
Change in time
∫ 10
dV = ∫ 0
(4 – k) dt
—– = —– 50 20
dt δt [V]
10

= (4 – k)t  0
dV
δV = —– × δt 50 – 10 = (4 – k)(20 – 0)
dt
2 =4– k
= (4 – k)(t – 0)
k =2
= (4 – k)t
k = 4 [shown]
When k = 4,
Rate of volume of distilled water pouring into the tank – 4
———
4– 4
Rate of volume of mixture leaving the tank 
Q = 20 1 + ——–— t 4 – 4
10

Hence, the volume of solution in the tank 1 –1
at time t minutes
= 20 1 + —t
5 
= Initial volume of solution + δV


1
= 10 + (4 – k)t = 20 ——–—
1
1 + —t
5
It is given that the amount of salt in the
5
tank at time t minutes is Q. = 20 —–—
5+t

Rate of change of amount of salt (kg/min) 100
= ———
Amount of salt at time t minutes (kg) 5+t
× Rate of change of volume of mixture 100
leaving the tank (l/min) When t = 20, Q = ——— = 4
= ————————————————– 5 + 20
Volume of solution at time t minutes (l) Hence, at the instant overflow occurs, the
dQ Q × (– k) amount of salt is 4 kg.
Hence, —— = —————— (c)
dt 10 + (4 – k)t Q

Q k 20
= – —————— [shown]
10 + (4 – k)t
Q dQ t k dt
∫ —– = –
20 Q
∫ 0
——————
10 + (4 – k)t
4
t
O 20
Q dQ t dt
∫ —– = – k
20 Q
∫ 0
——————
10 + (4 – k)t 7. P(at least one red towel is chosen)
= 1 – P(all the five towels chosen are not red)
Q dQ – k t (4 – k) dt
∫ —– = ——–
20 Q 4– k
∫ 0
——————
10 + (4 – k)t

10 9 8
= 1 – —– × —– × —– × — × —
12 11 10
7
9
6
8 
k 7
  
Q t
[ln |Q|] = ——–ln 10 + (4 – k)t = 1 – —–
22
20 k–4 0
15
= —–
k 22
ln |Q| – ln 20 = ——— [ln |10 + (4 – k)t|
k–4
– ln 10]
Take Note
Q k 10 + (4 – k)t
 
ln —– = ——— ln ———–——
20 k–4 10
   This event does not follow a binomial distribution
k
—— because the towels are chosen without replacement.
Q 10 + (4 – k)t
 
ln —– = ln ———–—–—
20 10 
 
k–4

k
Alternative method
——
Q 10 + (4 – k)t


—– = ——————
20 10  k–4 P(at least one red towel is chosen)
= 1 – P(all the five towels chosen are not red)
4– k
k
——
2
C0 × 10C5

Q = 20 1 + ——— t
10
 k–4
= 1 – —————
12
C5

Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper 11

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 11 07/01/2009 10:08:55 AM

 252 0.4 × 0.7
= 1 – ——– = ————
792 0.64
15 = 0.4375
= —–
22 Hence, the percentage of ripe fruits which
are mangoes
8. X ~ B(n, p) = 0.4375 × 100
1


X ~ B 500, —
2  = 43.75%
= 43.8% [ correct to three significant
1 figures]
µ = E(X) = np = 500 × — = 250
2 10.
1 1 Current Mid-point Cumulative Frequency fx
σ 2 = npq = 500 × — × — = 125
2 2 (C amperes) (x) Frequency (f)
1 10 ≤ C < 11 10.5 8 8 84.0
Since n > 50, p = — and np > 5, then the
2 11 ≤ C < 12 11.5 30 22 253.0
normal approximation is used.
12 ≤ C < 13 12.5 63 33 412.5
X ~ N(250, 125) approximately
P(|X – E(X)| ≤ 25) 13 ≤ C < 14 13.5 88 25 337.5
= P(|X – 250| ≤ 25) 14 ≤ C < 15 14.5 97 9 130.5
= P(–25 ≤ X – 250 ≤ 25) 15 ≤ C < 16 15.5 99 2 31.0
= P(225 ≤ X ≤ 275) 16 ≤ C < 17 16.5 100 1 16.5
= P(225 – 0.5 < X < 275 + 0.5) [Taking
Σf = 100 Σfx = 1265
continuity correction]
= P(224.5 < X < 275.5) – Σfx 1265
Mean, x = —— = ——— = 12.65
224.5 – 250 X – 250 275.5 – 250 Σf 100


= P ————— < ———–– < ———–––—
125 125 125
 The median class is 12 ≤ C < 13.
N


= P(–2.281 < Z < 2.281) —–F
= 1 – 0.0113 – 0.0113 2
Median, M = Lm + ——–— c
= 0.9774 fm
0.0113 0.0113 100


—— – 30
2
= 12 + ————— (13 – 12)
33
z
–2.281 2.281 = 12.61
The modal class is 12 ≤ C < 13.
9. M – Event that a mango is chosen d1
P – Event that a papaya is chosen Mode, mo = Lm + ——–—
o

d 1 + d2
c 
R – Event that a ripe fruit is chosen
11
Outcomes

= 12 + ——— (1)
11 + 8 
MR
0.7
R = 12.58
M
Since mean > median > mode, the distribution is
0.4
0.3 — —
positively skewed.
R MR

0.6
R PR 11. ⎫ 0, x < 0,
0.6
P ⎪ 5
— – x, 0 ≤ x < 1,
0.4 — f(x) = ⎬ 4
—
R PR ⎪ 1
——, x ≥ 1.
(a) P(fruits are ripe) ⎭ 4x 2
x
= P(MR) + P(PR)
= (0.4 × 0.7) + (0.6 × 0.6)
(a) For x < 0, F(x) = ∫ –∞
f(x) dx
x
= 0.64 =∫ 0 dx
–∞
Hence, the percentage of fruits which are
ripe =0
x
= 0.64 × 100
= 64%
For 0 ≤ x < 1, F(x) = ∫ f(x) dx
–∞
0 x
(b) P(M / R) = ∫ f(x) dx + ∫ f(x) dx
–∞ 0
P(M ∩ R) 5 x
= ————
P(R) = F(0) + ∫
— – x dx
4 0

12 Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 12 07/01/2009 10:08:55 AM

 x
5 x2 = 1 – 0.0183 – 0.0733 – 0.1465
4 
= 0 + —x – —
2  0
– 0.1954
5 x2 = 0.567 [correct to three significant
= —x – — figures]
4 2
x
For x ≥ 1, F(x) = ∫ –∞
f(x) dx (b) Even if the number of cars requested is more than
4, the number of cars rented out is still 4 because
1 x

∫ ∫
there are only 4 cars available to be rented out.
= f(x) dx + f(x) dx
–∞ 1
x
1
= F(1) + ∫ 1
——
4x 2
dx
x 0 1 2 3 ≥4
x
1
= F(1) + ∫ 1
—x–2 dx
4
P(X = x) 0.0183 0.0733 0.1465 0.1954 0.5665
xP(X = x) 0 0.0733 0.2930 0.5862 2.2660
x
5 12 1 x–1
= —(1) – — + — —–
4 2 4 –1 
 1 E(X) = ΣxP(X = x)
3 1 x = 0 + 0.0733 + 0.2930 + 0.5862
= — – ——
4 4x   1
+ 2.2660
= 3.2185
3 1 1
= — – —– – ——
4 4x 
4(1)  Hence, the expected daily income from
the rentals of cars
1 = 3.2185 × 50
= 1 – —–
4x = RM160.93
e–444
⎫ 0, x < 0, (c) P(X = 4) = ——— = 0.1954
4!
⎪ —x
5 x2
– —–, 0 ≤ x < 1, P(X ≥ 5)
F(x) = ⎬ 4 2 = 1 – P(X = 0) – P(X = 1) – P(X = 2)
⎪ 1 – —–,
1
x ≥ 1. – P(X = 3) – P(X = 4)
⎭ 4x = 1 – 0.0183 – 0.0733 – 0.1465 – 0.1954
3 – 0.1954
(b) P(X ≤ 3) = ∫ –∞
f (x) dx = 0.3711
= F(3)
1 Even if the number of cars requested is more than
= 1 – —— 5, the number of cars rented out is still 5 because
4(3) there are only 5 cars available to be rented out.
11
= —–
12
P(at least one of two independent
observed of X is greater than 3) x 0 1 2 3 4 ≥5
= 1– P(both the independent observed P(X = x) 0.0183 0.0733 0.1465 0.1954 0.1954 0.3711
values of X is less than or equal to
xP(X = x) 0 0.0733 0.2930 0.5862 0.7816 1.8555
3)
= 1 – P(X ≤ 3) • P(X ≤ 3)
E(X) = ΣxP(X = x)
11 11



= 1 – —– —–
12 12
= 0 + 0.0733 + 0.2930 + 0.5862 +
0.7816 + 1.8555
23 = 3.5896
= ——
144 Hence, the expected daily income from
the rentals of cars
12. Let X represent the number of cars requested.
= 3.5896 × 50
X ~ Po (4) in a day
= RM179.48
e–440 Additional daily income
(a) (i) P(X = 0) = ——– = 0.0183
0! = RM179.48 – RM160.93
[correct to three significant figures] = RM18.55
(ii) P(X ≥ 4) Since the additional daily income
= 1 – P(X = 0) – P(X = 1) – P(X = 2) (RM18.55) is less than the additional
– P(X = 3) cost incurred per day (RM20.00), then
e–440 e–441 e–442 e–443 the shop should not buy another car for
= 1 – ——– – ——– – ——– – ——–
0! 1! 2! 3! rental.

Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper 13

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 13 07/01/2009 10:08:56 AM