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  • 7 Administration of Property

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    This policy brief argues that Articles 96 and 124 of the Philippine Family Code, which give preference to the husband's decision over property matters in cases of disagreement with the wife, are discriminatory and should be amended. The brief recommends repealing the lines in both Articles that state the husband's decision prevails. This would promote equal treatment of spouses, fulfill international commitments to gender equality, and align with national priorities of promoting women's rights as outlined in the Magna Carta of Women. Legislative proposals have been filed but remain pending; lawmakers should prioritize passing a law to amend the discriminatory provisions.

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    This policy brief argues that Articles 96 and 124 of the Philippine Family Code, which give preference to the husband's decision over property matters in cases of disagreement with the wife, are discriminatory and should be amended. The brief recommends repealing the lines in both Articles that state the husband's decision prevails. This would promote equal treatment of spouses, fulfill international commitments to gender equality, and align with national priorities of promoting women's rights as outlined in the Magna Carta of Women. Legislative proposals have been filed but remain pending; lawmakers should prioritize passing a law to amend the discriminatory provisions.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    22 tayangan2 halaman

    7 Administration of Property

    Diunggah oleh

    SexAndSensibilities
    This policy brief argues that Articles 96 and 124 of the Philippine Family Code, which give preference to the husband's decision over property matters in cases of disagreement with the wife, are discriminatory and should be amended. The brief recommends repealing the lines in both Articles that state the husband's decision prevails. This would promote equal treatment of spouses, fulfill international commitments to gender equality, and align with national priorities of promoting women's rights as outlined in the Magna Carta of Women. Legislative proposals have been filed but remain pending; lawmakers should prioritize passing a law to amend the discriminatory provisions.

    Hak Cipta:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 2

    PhilippineCommissiononWomen Policy Brief No.

    EnsuringWomensEqualRightsinMarriageandFamilyRelations: REMOVINGINEQUALITIESINTHEADMINISTRATIONANDENJOYMENTOFCOMMUNITYPROPERTYOR CONJUGALPARTNERSHIPUNDERTHEFAMILYCODE

    ThispolicybriefprovidestherationaleforamendingArticles96and124oftheFamilyCodeofthePhilippines.Itputstogether illustrationsonhowtracesofinequalitybetweenthespousesarestillmaintainedinthesaidlaw,aswellaslegalandpractical basesforpolicymakerstoaddresstheissue.

    WHAT IS THE ISSUE? TheFamilyCodeofthePhilippines(FCP)isbelievedto berifewithprovisionsthatimplementthedeclared policyoftheStateundertheConstitutiontoensure fundamentalequalitybeforethelawbetweenwomen andmen.AmongtheprovisionsoftencitedareArticles 96and124whichprovidesforthejointadministration byhusbandandwifeoftheabsolutecommunityof propertyandtheconjugalpartnershipofgains respectively. Article96oftheFamilyCodeofthePhilippines(FCP) providesthat:

    decisionmakingshouldbeonesqualificationor fitnesstomakedecisions,butthepresentlawis obliviousastowhobetweenthespousescanmakea betterdecisionborneoutofprofessional,educational orpersonalexperiencesonmanagingfamilymatters.It blindlypresumesthatthemanwillalwaysknowthe bestthingtodowiththeproperty.Thewifewillhave toresorttofilingacaseincourtforherdecisiontobe respected.


    WHY IS THE ISSUE IMPORTANT? Articles96and124stillreflecttheageoldviewthat thedecisionofthehusbandshallprevailinfamily matters.Thesaidprovisionsdiscriminateagainst womenbyusingtheproxystandardofsexin presumingthatallmalesaremoreintelligent,wiser, possessbetterjudgment,andarethereforemorefitto makedecisionsthantheirwives. Thefactthatthelawgivesthewifefiveyearswithin whichtosueinordertoquestionthecontractentered intobyherhusbanddoesnotrecreatethebalance.To beabletoavailofthisremedy,thewifehastohave theresourcestohirealawyer,taketheriskofsuing herhusbandandworst,straintheirmaritalrelations, whichmaycausefurtherdeteriorationofthefamily. WHAT ARE THE EXISTING LEGISLATIONS OR POLICY ISSUANCES RELATED TO THE ISSUE? RepublicActNo.9710ortheMagnaCartaofWomen providesthatthegovernmentshalltakeall appropriatemeasurestoeliminatediscrimination againstwomeninallmattersrelatingtomarriageand familyrelations.Thisincludesensuringthatwomen andmenhavethesamerightswithrespecttothe ownership,acquisition,management,administration, enjoyment,anddispositionofproperty.Further,the provisiononequaltreatmentbeforethelawmandates

    Art.96.Theadministrationandenjoymentofthecommunity propertyshallbelongtobothspousesjointly.Incaseof disagreement,thehusband'sdecisionshallprevail,subjectto recoursetothecourtbythewifeforproperremedy,which mustbeavailedofwithinfiveyearsfromthedateofthe contractimplementingsuchdecision. Intheeventthatonespouseisincapacitatedorotherwise unabletoparticipateintheadministrationofthecommon properties,theotherspousemayassumesolepowersof administration.Thesepowersdonotincludedispositionor encumbrancewithoutauthorityofthecourtorthewritten consentoftheotherspouse.Intheabsenceofsuchauthorityor consent,thedispositionorencumbranceshallbevoid.However, thetransactionshallbeconstruedasacontinuingofferonthe partoftheconsentingspouseandthethirdperson,andmaybe perfectedasabindingcontractupontheacceptancebythe otherspouseorauthorizationbythecourtbeforetheofferis withdrawnbyeitherorbothofferors.(emphasissupplied)

    ThesameprovisionisrepeatedinArticle124ofthe Code,exceptthatArticle124appliestoconjugal partnershipofgains1. Whiletheprovisiononjointadministrationofproperty isawelcomedevelopment,thelawproceededwith givingpreferencetothedecisionofthehusbandin caseofdisagreementwiththewife.Thebasisof


    1

    ConjugalPartnershipofGainsisthedefaultpropertyrelationspriortothe effectivityoftheFamilyCodeofthePhilippinesonAugust3,1988.

    REMOVINGINEQUALITIESINTHEADMINISTRATION ANDENJOYMENTOFCOMMUNITYPROPERTYORCONJUGALPARTNERSHIP

    PCWPolicyBrief No.7

    August 2013

    theStatetotakestepstoreviewandamendand/or repealexistinglawsthatarediscriminatorytowomen, whichincludeFCPArticles96and124. WHAT ARE THE CONSIDERATIONS IN ADDRESSING THIS ISSUE IN THE COUNTRY?
    Promoting womens rights and gender equality Removingthepreferentialtreatmentforthehusbands decisionincaseofdisagreementwiththewifeinthe enjoymentandadministrationofabsolutecommunity orconjugalpartnershipofgainswillcontributeto promotingwomensrights,ensuringequalitybefore thelawbetweenhusbandandwife,andtransforming genderrelationsbetweenthespouses. Responding to International Commitments TheFourthWorldConferenceonWomenDeclaration (Beijing,1995)statesthatequalrights,opportunities andaccesstoresources,equalsharingof responsibilitiesforthefamilybymenandwomen,and aharmoniouspartnershipbetweenthemarecriticalto theirwellbeingandthatoftheirfamiliesaswellasto theconsolidationofdemocracy. Repealingthesecondsentenceinparagraphoneof bothArticlesisconsistentwiththePhilippine GovernmentsStateObligationundertheConvention ontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscrimination AgainstWomen(CEDAW),particularlyArticle16.1.h, whichmandatesStatePartiestotakeallappropriate measurestoeliminatediscriminationagainstwomen inallmattersrelatingtomarriageandfamilyrelations andinparticularshallensure,onabasisofequalityof menandwomen:(h)Thesamerightsforboth spousesinrespectoftheownership,acquisition, management,administration,enjoymentand

    dispositionofproperty,whetherfreeofchargeorfora valuableconsideration.
    Alignment with National Priorities Theproposedamendmentisalsoconsistentwithitem 13onGenderEqualityofthegovernments16Point whichstates,fromalackofconcernforgender disparitiesandshortfall,tothepromotionofequal genderopportunityinallspheresofpublicpoliciesand programs. Moreimportantly,itrespondstothemandateof CongressundertheMagnaCartaofWomentoamend orrepeallawsthatarediscriminatorytowomen. POLICY RECOMMENDATION ItisrecommendedthatArticles96and124be amendedbyrepealingtheentiresecondsentenceof thefirstparagraphofbothprovisions. Insteadoffavoringthedecisionofthehusband,the lawshouldjustrequiretheconsentofbothspouses sincethepropertyinvolvedisonethatbelongstotheir communityorconjugalpropertywhichtheyownin equalparts.Thiswillencouragemutualdecision makingwhichwillcontributetostrengtheningthe familyasabasicunitofoursociety. CONCLUSION Legislativeproposalstorepealthesaidprovisionsin theFamilyCodewerefiledbutremainedpending duringthepreviousCongressdespitestronglegaland practicalbases.Itishopedthat,intheinterestof fulfillingtheirmandateundertheConstitutionandthe MagnaCartaofWomen,ourlegislatorswillprioritize andfavortheimmediateenactmentofalawtoamend thesaidprovisions.#

    PCWPolicyBriefsaimtostimulateinformeddiscourseandguidepolicyactionsonissuesconcerningthe empowermentofwomenandpromotionofgenderequality.
    OFFICEOFTHEPRESIDENT

    PhilippineCommissiononWomen 1145J.P.LaurelStreet,SanMiguel,1005Manila http://www.pcw.gov.ph|pdad@pcw.gov.ph|+6327358918


    REMOVINGINEQUALITIESINTHEADMINISTRATIONANDENJOYMENTOF COMMUNITYPROPERTYORCONJUGALPARTNERSHIP

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