Normal
A
Radial
Normal
VERTICAL
NORMAL
HORIZONT
AL
V
A
H
A
M
A
H
A
V
A
RADIAL
Normal
Radial
90 -
Structural Analysis, Dr. N Suresh, NIE, Mysore 4
If A is the origin then the equation of the parabola is given by y = cx [L x]
where C is a constant.
We have at X =
2
L
y = h
h = C
2
L
.
2
L
. C
2
L
L
2
L
=
(
2
L
H 4
C=
Equation of parabola is
( ) x L
L
hx 4
y
2
=
is given by the following equation.
( )
2
2
x Lx
L
h 4
y =
( ) x 2 L
L
h 4
dx
dy
tan
2
= =
( ) x 2 L
L
h 4
tan
2
=
1. A UDL of 4kN/m covers left half span of 3-hinged parabolic arch of span 36m and
central rise 8m. Determine the horizontal thrust also find (i) BM (ii) Shear force
(iii) Normal thrust (iv) Radial shear at the loaded quarter point. Sketch BMD.
=0 F
x
4 kN/m
C
h = 8 m
36 m V
A
V
B
H
A
A
B H
B
Structural Analysis, Dr. N Suresh, NIE, Mysore 5
B A
B A
H H
0 H H
=
=
------ (1)
=0 F
y
72 V V
18 x 4 V V
B A
B A
= +
= +
------ (2)
=0 M
A
kN 54 V kN 18 V
0 9 x 18 x 4 36 x V
A B
B
= =
= +
0 M
c
=
kN 5 . 40 H
kN 5 . 40 H
0 8 x H 18 x V
A
B
B B
=
=
= +
BM at M =
- 40.5 x 6 + 54 x 9 ( ) x L
L
hx 4
y
2
=
- 4 x 9 x 4.5 ( ) 9 36
36
9 x 8 x 4
y
2
=
= 81 kN.m m 6 y =
VERTICAL
NORMAL
HORIZONTAL
66.04
40.5 kN
= 23.96
M
A
40.5 kN
RADIAL
4 kN/m
54 kN
9 m
y = 6
18 kN
Structural Analysis, Dr. N Suresh, NIE, Mysore 6
Shear force at M = + 54 4 x 9 = 18 kN (only vertical forces)
tan ( ) x 2 L
L
h 4
2
=
= ( ) 9 x 2 36
36
8 x 4
2
96 . 23
0
=
Normal thrust = N = + 40.5 Cos 23.96 + 18 Cos 66.04
= 44.32 kN
S = 40.5 Sin 23.96 18 Sin 66.04
S = - 0.0019 0
m 5 . 13 x
x 3 54 x
18
x 18
54
x
=
=
=
54 x 13.5 4 x 13.5
2
5 . 13
x
kNm 5 . 364 =
13.5
A B
36 m
5+ k 18 k
18 - x
x - 13.5
18 k
18 k
32+ k/m
Beam BM
36+.5 k/m
k/m
4 kN/m
5+ k
Structural Analysis, Dr. N Suresh, NIE, Mysore 7
A symmetrical 3-hinged parabolic arch has a span of 20m. It carries UDL of intensity 10
kNm over the entire span and 2 point loads of 40 kN each at 2m and 5m from left
support. Compute the reactions. Also find BM, radial shear and normal thrust at a
section 4m from left end take central rise as 4m.
=0 F
x
B A
B A
H H
0 H H
=
=
------ (1)
=0 F
y
280 V V
0 20 x 10 40 40 V V
B A
B A
= +
= +
------ (2)
=0 M
A
kN 166 V
kN 114 V
0 20 x V 10 ) 20 x 10 ( 5 x 40 2 x 40
A
B
B
=
=
= + + +
0 M
c
=
+
364.5 kNm
324 kNm
A C B
13.5 m
C
+ m
20 m
+0 k
M
2 m 3m
10 k/m
+0 k
Structural Analysis, Dr. N Suresh, NIE, Mysore 8
kN 160 H
kN 160 H
0 10 x 114 4 x H 5 ) 10 x 10 (
A
B
B
=
=
= +
BM at M
= - 160 x 2.56
+ 166 x 4 40 x 2
- (10 x 4)2
= + 94.4 kNm
( ) x L
L
hx 4
y
2
=
( ) 4 20
20
4 x 4 x 4
2
=
m 56 . 2 y =
tan ( ) x 2 L
L
h 4
2
=
= ( ) 4 x 2 20
20
4 x 4
2
64 . 25
0
=
Normal thrust = N = + 160 Cos 25.64
+ 86 Cos 64.36
= 181.46 kN
S = 160 Sin 25.64
- 86 x Sin 64.36
S = - 8.29 kN
VERTICAL
NORMAL
HORIZONT
AL
64.35
160 kN
= 25.64
M
REDIAL
10 kN/m
160 kN
4 m
y = 2.56
86 kN
40 kN
2 m
166 kN
Structural Analysis, Dr. N Suresh, NIE, Mysore 9
Segmental arch
A segmental arch is a part of circular curve. For such arches y =
2
L
) x L ( hx 4
is
not applicable since the equation is applicable only for parabolic arches. Similarly
equation for will be different.
To develop necessary equations for 3-hinged segmental arch
Relationship between R, L and h:
From OAD
2 2 2
OD AD OA + =
[ ]
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
h
4
L
Rh 2
h Rh 2 R
4
L
R
h R
2
L
R
+ = +
+ + =
+
|
.
|
\
|
=
2
h
h 8
L
R
2
+ =
R
x
Sin =
OM
OE
Cos =
R
y h R
Cos
+
=
B
C
h
(90-)x
A
O
R R
Origin
E
M
90
x
y
L/2 D L/2
R OB OC OA = = =
R OM=