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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Courses Subjects
1. Reciprocating compressors 2. Screw Compressors 3. Screw Chillers 4. Screw Chillers with Variable Speed Drive. 5. Centrifugal Compressor 6. Centrifugal Chillers 7. Industrial Refrigeration
Exam for each course

Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Training Means

Training Means : System Training All Detail should read from specific chiller manual. After this training you might need to work with one of experienced Service Technician / Engineers to be a professional.

Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Reciprocating Compressor

Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Refrigeration System
Four Basic Components Compressor(s) Condenser Evaporator Expansion Device

Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Refrigeration
Condenser

Expansion Valve

Compressor

Evaporator
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Refrigeration Cycle
Evaporator

High-Pressure Vapor

High-Pressure Liquid Condenser

Low-Pressure Mixture

Low-Pressure Vapor
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Introduction to Compressor Types

Positive Displacement Non Positive Displacement

Positive displacement compressors use a piston or other device to reduce the volume of refrigerant vapor in a compressor chamber. PROCESS: Power is applied Chamber volume is reduced Refrigerant pressure is increased

Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Introduction to Compressor Types

Definition: compression chamber reduces in volume to compress gas Reciprocating Scroll Screw Unlimited lift Centrifugal (non-positive displacement) compressors have a fixed amount of lift for a given set of operating conditions.
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Compressors
Hermetic Scroll Semi-Hermetic Reciprocating

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Reciprocating Compressor Parts Discharge Service Valve

J COMPRESSOR
Cylinder Head Motor Windings Terminal Box Suction Service Valve

Oil Pump

Suction Strainer Motor Housing Piston Crankshaft and Bearings

Sight glass Un- loaders

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How does it work?

Suction

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

How does it work?

Volume Enclosed

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

How does it work?

Refrigerant Gas Compressed

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

How does it work?

Discharge

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

J COMPRESSOR
Discharge Service Valve Cylinder Head Motor Windings Terminal Box Suction Service Valve Suction Strainer Oil Pump Motor Housing Piston Crankshaft and Bearings Sight glass Un- loaders
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Compressor Parameters
Compression ratio Cr = discharge Pressure/ suction Pressure

Volumetric efficiency = 1- 0.05 x Cr Swept volume 2 to 2400 m/h Rotation speed : until 1800 rpm Single stage until Cr 6 Double stage Cr > 10 Compound

Maintenance: valve check 5000h Crankshaft assembly 10000h

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Pistons and Connecting Rods

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Suction and Discharge Valves

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Gudgeon Pin and Oil Pump

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

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Reciprocating Compressor Disadvantage

More rotating parts Lower reliability and efficiency More Complex refrigerant piping Higher Maintenance
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Periodic Maintenance Reciprocating Compressor Cleaning Crank Case annually Cleaning Oil Strainer annually Oil Change annually Oil Analysis annually Suction Valve , Discharge Valve each 5000 Hrs Crank Case assembly each 10000 Hrs Cylinder Liner, Piston and Segment check each 20000Hrs Crank Case Heater
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Capacity Control
Expantion valve is a device to Maintains constant superheat on the evaporator. ( EXP is not a capacity controller) Capacity is a parameter of Compressor and it should be control inside the compressor. It may called some times as LOADING / Un LOADING compressor. The compressor is loaded when the solenoid is de-energized, and unloaded when the solenoid is energized. Unloading is accomplished by lifting and holding the suction valve off in its seat. All cylinders equipped with un-loaders will remain unloaded on start-up until the oil pressure has built up to normal.

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Loading / Unloading Steps

Loading & Unloading the compressor is depended to the number of the cylinder in compressor and it should be balance unloading, otherwise it will create the noise in compressor and finally chiller. In JCI- York technology the sequence should be adjust from the Opti-View panel as per the no of compressor cylinders.

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

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Load / Unload Solenoid Valves

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Chiller
There are so many different type of the chillers therefore there are so many different type of the compressor with different number of compressors which might use in chillers.

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Reciprocating compressor inside view

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Lets look inside a Compressor

Note : This pictures are not JCI- York Compressors.

Click Here.

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Chiller
How do we able to control the compressor in a chiller ??

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Electrical Control Cabinet

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Component locations
Power Board (APB) Clock jump contact & RT clock/battery back up S1 Dip Switches

EPROM Input/Output Board (AIOB) System switches S2 - S5 Micro Board (AMB) RS485 (ISN) RS232 (printer) Selector Pin

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

Questions ?
Any question on Reciprocating Compressor working principle ??

We will talk about complete control procedure on next sessions.

Thank you for your attention.

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Reciprocating Compressor Concept By Gholam Reza Khajeh

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