Early Founders (Know who they are and the main concepts we discussed for each one): Jane

Addams applied sociologist, first female winner of the Nobel Peace Prize Auguste Comte Founder of sociology, coined the term sociology, positivism: we can empirically examine the social world, put a number on things, saw society as a biological system that evolves, thought sociology would be the last of the sciences, family is the fundamental social unit (bc it develops our earliest social experiences) W.E.B Dubois African American who went to Harvard, studied the African American experience, double consciousness: colored people internalize the views of white people along with their regular view of the worldthe veil that keeps white people from seeing who they are/keeps them from seeing the world properly Charles Horton Cooley Emile Durkheim anomie: normlessness due to a breakdown of social rules, Suicide: anomic suicide occurs when people dont know what to expect (even when conditions improve), positivist (the social world can be empirically assessed), thought that religious would die out and that people would bond together, religion is collective effervescence (people feel a sense of unity) George Simmel groups distinguishing between diad and triad, worked on studying the city with the Chicago School (focus on urbanization and concentric rings of growth) Harriet Martineau translated Comte to English (making it better), early feminist social scientist, challenged womens role in marriage, wrote first methods book in sociology Karl Marx communism, false consciousness: having a skewed view of your place in society, says that religion is the opient of the masses (meaning a tool of the elite rulers to keep them in a state of false consciousness, identifies 4 kinds of alienation: from the self (you dont understand how bad your situation is), from the means of production (you dont feel invested in your work because of this assembly line means of doing work), from the product that you produce (the item youre making doesnt give you pride), and from other people (factory environment doesnt allow relationships to form, you cant see things in common with other people) George Herbert Meade Max Weber The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, capitalism is rooted in the Calvanist religion (focuses on predestinationyou can tell heaven/hell based on the things

you receive during your life, prosperity gospel, Verstehen: understanding from the perspective of the actors C. Wright Mills The Promise

Important Theoretical Frameworks (Know the central ideas of each) Conflict Theory every social interaction is marked by some sort of conflict, conflict is the source of social change Feminist Theory analyzes women and their role in society, homosexuality, not just about womenpower dynamics: how people who are in power keep it/how it shifts Functionalism society acts as an organism, each social institution has a particular function (crime, education, healthcare) Midrange theory attempts to predict how social institutions tend to function Positivism Post Modernism multiple perspectives, hippies, people interpret things differently (social construction: seemingly objective phenomena only exist because people believe they do) Symbolic Interactionism how the micro-level face-to-face interactions create the social world

Key Concepts (Know not only the definition, but be familiar with its component, why it matters, and what it means in context of other concepts) Accomplishment of Natural Growth Boundary Work Concerted Cultivation Diffusion Dramaturgical Model Embeddedness In/Outgroup Looking Glass Self Otherization Primary/Secondary Group Sociological Imagination

Social/Cultural Capital Social Construction of Reality Socialization Status (and types of) Stigma Strong/Weak Ties (and what influences the strength) Role

Methods Terms Case Study Comparative Research Correlation/Causation Cross Sectional/Longitudinal Deductive/Inductive Dependent/Independent Variable Ethnography Ethnomethodology Experiments Generalization Historical/Archival Methods Interview Operationalization Public Sociology Reliability Spuriousness Survey Validity Qualitative/Quantitative