IDEA PHANTASM
a. found in the intellect a. found in the imagination
b. universal b. individual
c. constant c. changeable
d. possible of complex and immaterial d. not possible of complex and immaterial
things things
Examples:
1. Singular Term – is one that stands for a single word, thing or individual. It may stand
for a name of a thing, place, animal, fruit or person.
Examples:
a. Attorney Cory Pot
b. Market! Market!
c. This Girl
d. Lapu-lapu
e. Lemon
f. Fish
g. Manila
h. Singapore
i. Man
j. Eye
2. Universal Term – stands for a whole class and each member of that class.
Examples:
a. Every dog
b. All Filipinos
c. Music
d. Chicken
e. Death
f. Success
g. Jose Rizal
Examples:
a. Some weeks ago
b. Some students
c. Many FPJ fans
d. Few Filipinos
e. Some teachers
f. Most coins
g. Few books
h. I’ve spent a little time
i. Give me some money
4. Collective Term – stands for a group of objects, people or things regarded as a basic
unit.
Examples:
a. Herd
b. Flock
c. Family
d. Army
e. Audience
Examples:
a. This Army
b. The Family
c. This Flock
d. This team
e. The group
Examples:
a. Some Herds
b. Few Armies
c. Some Societies
d. Some armies
1. Concrete Terms – stands for physical entities, tangible realities or things perceived
by the senses.
Examples:
a. Apple trees
b. Food
c. Shirt
d. Shoes
e. Cat
f. Books
g. Mountain
h. Computer
MEANING – describes what is being indicated by the term. It points out to something
indicated by the word.
1. Equivocal Term – is a word that admits two or more meaning. Equal or same in
sound/word but having different meaning and different sense.
Examples:
a. Ruler
b. Bark
c. Spring
d. Cast
e. Leave
f. Story
2. Univocal Term – can be predicated to two or more subjects that may signify the
same sense.
Example:
Dennis is a man.
Dencio is a man.
Man in this sense is univocal. It is predicated to the names Dennis and Dencio.
3. Analogous Term – can be predicated by two or more things which are partly the
same and partly different.
Example:
Legs of lady.
Legs of a table.
4. Contrary Terms – are those terms that represent two extremes among objects
belonging to the same class. Among contrary terms, there is always a middle ground.
Examples:
a. Slow – Fast
b. Hot – Cold
c. Loud – Quiet
d. Happy – Sad
e. Good – Worst
5. Relative Terms – are those terms that cannot be understood without the other.
Examples:
a. Husband – Wife
b. Mother – Child
c. Student – Teacher
d. Doctor – Patient
6. Deprivative Terms – are those terms that signify the denial of a perfection that one
ought to possess.
Examples:
a. Bad – Goodness
b. Little – Greatness
c. Blind – Sight
d. Sickness – Health
e. Poverty – Health