Structural Analysis and Design Project of Ls

GUILLERMO, Lou Stalin Dominique D.J.
- 2007101109 Page 1

1 STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN
PLANS AND DRAWINGS

A. VICINITY MAP 12 356565333

LOCATION: PUERTO PRINSESA, PALAWAN, PHILIPPINES

GUILLERMO, Lou Stalin Dominique D.J. - 2007101109 Page 2


B. DETAILS OF FLOOR PLAN/ FRAMING PLAN

5.375m.
5.375m.

1.5m.
10.75m. 10.75m. 10.75m. 10.75m.
B1
B2
B3
B9
B4
B5 B6
B7
B8
S1 S2
S3 S4
S5 S6
S7 S8
S9 S10 S11 S12
C1 C2 C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C13
C9
C14
C10
C15
C11
C16
C12
C17



GROUND FLOOR PLAN

SECOND FLOOR PLAN



C. ELEVATIONS


D. STRUCTURAL DETAILS AND SPECIFICATIONS

Design code: NSCP ASD 200123223 2322
Strength: LC channel purlins: Fy= 170 Mpa
Columns, Beams and Girders (A36 wide flanges and A36 angle bars): Fy= 248 MPa
Tierods and Sagrods: Fy=248 Mpa
E60xx: Fu= 415Mpa
A325 fasterners: Fv= 145Mpa qeqeq qqe
A36 gusset plate: Fy= 248 Mpa
Concrete pedestal: Fc= 21 Mpa
Square Base plate: Fy= 248 Mpa
Computation of Forces, Moments (Criticals): use of STAAD PRO 2007 and by manual
Roofing: corrugated galvanized iron (g.i.): gage 22

Slab Weight Concrete 150 mm thick
Frame Partitions
Wood or steel studs, 13 mm.
gypsum board each side
0.38 kPa
Ceiling Load
Gypsum board + mechanical duct
allowance
1.2 + 0.2 = 1.4 kPa
Flooring
Concrete fill finish + hardwood
flooring
0.345 + 0.19 = 0.535 kPa
Frame walls
Window, glass, frames and sash +
wood sheating
0.38+ 0.855 = 1.235 kPa


STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

A. BASIS OF DESIGN
Student Number: 2007101109
Code: 101109
Z=1
Y=0
X=2
W=6
V=0
U=2
Type of Occupancy: Commercial Building (Office)
Location of the Project: Puerto Prinsesa, Palawan, Philippines
Type of Truss: Pratt Truss
Span of Truss, ST = 10.75 meters
Angle of Inclination (Truss), = 22.10
Bay Distance, L = 10.75 meters

Concrete slab thickness = 150mm.
Beams and columns are made of wide-flange sections

1.5
L L L L


`

ROOF FRAMING PLAN

LC (channel) purlins with sagrads and tierods

Roofing: corrugated galvanized iron (g.i.): gage 22
HEIGHT OF COLUMN, H
H1= 3.0m
H2= 2.75m.

1.5m
.



LEFT SIDE ELEVATION

Roof
height
H2
0.6
H1
0.6
c = -0.01
A
B
D
F
H
J
L
C E G I K


B. LOADING COMPUTATIONS
Galvanized iron roofing gage 22 (w = 2.4 lbs/ft
2
)
x = ST / division of truss = 10.75 / 6 = 1.792 m.
S = x / cos = 1.792 / cos(22.1) = 1.934 m.
h = (tan)*(ST/2) = 2.183 m.

a. Dead Loads, DL

Galvanized iron roofing gage 22 (w = 2.4 lbs/ft
2
)

RL= (2.4
)(

)(9.81 )(

)
2
(0.895m) = 102.86 N/m

b. Live Loads, LL
- Tributary Area, A
T
= 10.75 x 10.75 = 115.5625 mm
2

-

RLL= (0.6) (0.895) = 0.537 KN/m = 537 N/m
c. Wind Loads, WL

WL= (c) (q)
H= 0.6+ 3.0 + 0.6 + 2.7 +2.183 = 9.133 meters
Height Zone = (9.133 m) (

) = 29.962 ft
C=
( )
1.3sin 0.5 1.3sin 22.10 0.5 0.010908 u = =

q= 20 lb/ft ( zone III )
2.7
5
0.6
3.0
0.6
2.183



WL
WINDWARD
= 0.010908 (
) (

) (9.81 m/s
2
) (

)
2
(0.967m) = 9.26 N/m

WL
LEEWARD
= 0.5 (
) (

) (9.81 m/s
2
) (

)
2
(0.967m) = 463.08 N/m

C. DESIGN OF PURLINS, SAGRODS AND TIERODS

Design of Purlins
Critical load = (Suction is not included)
[Getting the data from Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP) Steel Manual]
Data Given:
Fy = 170 Mpa

LC 225 x 90 x 25 x 4.5
Weight, w (kg/m) 15.81
Area, A (mm
2
) 2015
Section Modulus about X, S
x
(x 10
3

mm
3
)
150.8
Section Modulus about Y, S
y
(x 10
3

mm
3
)
30.3

c = -0.01


According on what we learn in the previous topic of this subject,

1.00
by
bx
bx by
f
f
F F
+ s
This is the formula in computing the adequacy of purlins
Where:
f
bx
& f
by
= actual bending stress along X and Y axis respectively
F
bx
& F
by
= allowable bending stress along X and Y axis respectively

The section is said to economical if the interaction expression falls under the range
0.8 0.9
by
bx
bx by
f
f
F F
s + s .
Assume that the purlins have compact sections.
If it is compact, F
bx
= 0.66F
y
and F
by
= 0.75F
y
where F
y
= 170 MPa

Computing for the total weight, w
T

Self weight= (15.81
) (9.81 m/s
2
) = 155.0961 N/m

T
w DL LL = +

W
T
= [(155.0961+537+102.86)= 794.9561 N/m

After solving the total weight, solve for the total weight components, W
x
and W
y

W
x
= W
T
cos22.1 = 794.9561 N/m (cos22.1)
W
x
= 736.5496 N/m

W
y
= W
T
sin22.1 = 794.0561 N/m (sin22.1)
W
y
= 299.0818 N/m


Solving for moment about X and Y, M
x
and M
y

Mx =
My =

Mx =
My=

Mx = 10.64 kN-m My = 1.08 kN-m
Solving actual stress along X and Y, f
bx
and f
by

f
bx =

f
by =

f
bx =

f
by =

f
bx
=70.56 MPa f
by
=40 MPa

Solving allowable stress about X and Y, F
bx
and F
by

F
bx
= 0.66 F
y
F
by
= 0.75 F
y

F
bx
= 0.66 (170)

F
by
= 0.75 (170)
F
bx
= 112.2 MPa

F
by
= 127.5 MPa
Solving for the interaction expression,
by
bx
bx by
f
f
F F
+ <1.0
by
bx
bx by
f
f
F F
+ =
=0.909< 1.0 OK!

.: the purlins is adequate and economical.

Design of Sagrods
T
SAGRODS =

W
y
L
T
SAGRODS =

(299.08) (10.75)
T
SAGRODS =
2.01 KN
T = F
T
A
g

2.01 x 10^3 = 0.6 (248) [
d
sagrods
2
] x7
d
sagrods
= 10.97mm, use d
sagrods
= 12 mm

Design og Tierods
0
H
F =

T
Tierods
= T
sagrods
cos22.1
T
Tierods
= N
2.17 x 10^3 = 0.6 (248) [
d
tierods
2
]
d
Tierods
= 4.31 mm
use d
Tierods
= 5mm


D. LOADINGS AND ANALYSIS OF TRUSS

Considering one purlin:

x
=
2
=
(10.75)
2
= 3958.97

y
=
16
=
(299.08)(10.75)
16
=200.94

Types of Truss R
x
R
y

Middle Full Truss
Side Full Truss
Half Truss
2R
x
= 2(3.95897)
= 7.91794 KN
2R
y
= 2(200.94)
= 401.88 KN

Ceiling Load, CL

Using suspended metal lath and gypsum plaster as ceiling (From NSCP Vol. 1,
Section 2-6, Table 204-2)

C = (0.02+0.008)(14.75)(7.25)=22.243 or 22243

The Section to Be Used For Each Type of Truss Members

Type of Truss Members The Section & Its Properties
Top Chords and Bottom
Chords
L 100 x 100 x14
Orientation

Area, A (mm
2
) 5238
Radius of Gyration about X, r
x

(mm)
29.95
Radius of Gyration about Y, r
y

(mm)
29.95


Web Members
(Both Tension &
Compression)
L 100 x 100 x 14
Orientation

Area, A (mm
2
) 2.619
x

(mm)
29.95
y

(mm)
29.95

Self Weight
3Rx= 11876.91 N
4Rx= 15835.88 N
14Ry= 2813.16 N
CL= 0.48 kpa (10.75 m)
CL= 5.16 KN/m = 5160 N/m
1154.18 N/m
UL= CL+SW
UL= 5160 + 1154.18
UL= 6314.18 N/m
SOLVING FOR THE FORCES OF THE MEMBERS OF THE TRUSS

3Rx
6@1.79m
..
3Rx 3Rx
3Rx
4Rx
4Rx
4Rx
3@ 1.93m.
4Rx
=22.1
2.18m.
14Ry
14Ry


SAMPLE COMPUTATION OF FORCES IN CRITICAL MEMBERS

JOINT A

TABLE OF ANALSYSIS
TOP CHORD T/C FORCE (KN) LENGTH (m)

AB=JL C -420.172 1.934
BD=HJ C -420.172 1.934
DF=FH C -394.593 1.934

BOTTOM CHORD T/C FORCE 9KN) LENGTH (m)

AC=KL T 389.302 1.792
CE=IK T 365.602 1.792
EG=GI T 420.059 1.792

WEB MEMBER T/C FORCE (KN) LENGTH (m)

BC=JK C -7.934 0.728
CD=HK T 30.531 2.308
DE=HI T 77.651 1.455
EF=FI C -85.828 2.824
FG T 146.314 2.183

A
AC
AB
22.1
O

22.1
O
171.67 KN

3R
X

14R
y

AB sin22.1
o
+ 171669.621 3R
x
cos22.1
o
14R
y
sin22.1 = 0
AB = -420.172 kN (T)
AB = 420.172 kN (C)

AC + AB cos22.1
o
+ 3R
x
sin22.1
o
14R
y
cos22.1
o
= 0
AC = 389.302 kN (T)


DESIGN OF TOP AND BOTTOM CHORD

E. DESIGN FOR TOP CHORD

L= 1.934 m.
r= 29.955

Test for buckling: Solving for FS:

64.555 < 200 OK FS= 1.842

Cc= 126.169 Fa= 117.026 Mpa

kL/r < Cc
Therefore: Intermediate column

Solving for Required Area:

A=
= 3590.412 MPa

A= 3590.412 mm
2
look for the manual for most efficient section
A/2 = 1795.206 mm
2
for single angle bar
Adopt the equal angle bar section L 100 x 100 x 14

F. DESIGN FOR BOTTOM CHORD
Pcritical= 420.059 KN
L= 1.792 m

Ft= 148.8 MPa

Solving for Required Area

A=
= 2822.980 mm^2

200 <
r
kL
3
3
) ( 8
) / (
) ( 8
) / ( 3
3
5
Cc
r kl
Cc
r kl
FS + =
Fy
E
Cc
2
2t
= |
.
|
\
|
(
=
Fs
Fy
Cc
r kl
Fa
2
2
) ( 2
) / (
1
A
P
Fa =
Fy Ft 6 . 0 =
A
P
Fa =
P critical = -420.172 KN


A= 2822.98 mm
2
A/2= 1411.49 mm
2
for sngle angle bar

Adopt the Equal angle bar section L 100 x 100 x 14

G. DESIGN FOR WEB MEMBER

For compression:

Pcrit= -85.828 KN
L= 2.824m

test for buckling Solve for FS

94.267 < 152.390 OK! FS = 1.895

Cc = 126.169 Fa= 94.357 MPa

kL/r < Cc
Therefore: Intermediate Column

solving for Required Area:

A

A=
= 909.604 mm
2

A = 909.604 mm
2
A/2 = 454.802 mm
2

Adopt the Equal angle bar section L100 x 100 x 14
For Tension:
Pcritical= 146.314 KN
L= 2.824m
Ft=148.8 MPa

390 . 152 <
r
kL
3
3
) ( 8
) / (
) ( 8
) / ( 3
3
5
Cc
r kl
Cc
r kl
FS + =
Fy
E
Cc
2
2t
= |
.
|
\
|
(
=
Fs
Fy
Cc
r kl
Fa
2
2
) ( 2
) / (
1
A
P
Fa =
Fy Ft 6 . 0 =


P= 171669.621
N

P= 171669.621
N

H=3m.

solving for Required Area:

A=
= 1550.639 mm
2

A= 1550.639 mm
2
A/2= 775.319 mm
2

Adopt the Equal angle bar section L100 x 100 x 14
DESIGN FOR SECOND FLOOR COLUMN

Consider the most critical column due to axial load alone and note that the height of the second
floor column H
2
= 2.75 m = 2,750mm. Assume that 0
kL
r
= that is less that C
c
making it an
intermediate column and that the column is hinged at both ends.

0
c
kL
C IntermediateColumn
r
= <

Knowing 0
kL
r
= ,
5
3
FS =
Then,
( )
248
1
5
3
148.8
a
a
MPa
F
F MPa
| |
|
=
|
|
\ .
=

A
P
Ft =
H=3m.

H=3m.


P= 171669.621
N

Fs= 1.764 Fa= 135.58 MPa

Assume 0.6 Fa

60% of Fa= 81.348 MPa

Solving for required Area

A =

A= 2110.319 mm
2

look in the manual for most efficient section

Adopt wide flange section W 8 x 10

3.0 m
3
3
) ( 8
) / (
) ( 8
) / ( 3
3
5
Cc
r kl
Cc
r kl
Fs + =
Fs
Fy
Cc
r kl
Fa *
) ( 2
) / (
1
2
2
(
=
A
P
Fa = % 60


ORIENTATION W 8 x 10

Weight, W (kg/m) 15
Area, A (m
2
) 1910
S
x
( x10
3
mm ) 128
S
Y
( x10
3
mm ) 17
R
x
(mm) 81.79
R
y
(mm) 21.36
Reference: Fundamentals of Structural Steel Design by DIT Gillesania

Check for the Adequacy of the section

K = 1.000

solving
for kl/r
kl/r < 200.000
33.623 < 200.000

Solving for
sovling for Cc

=33.623 < Cc E = 200000

.:intermediate column Cc= 126.169

Fs= 1.764

Fa= 135.58 MPa

=

=89.879 MPa

Therefore adequate!
Fy
E
Cc
2
2t
=
3
3
) ( 8
) / (
) ( 8
) / ( 3
3
5
Cc
r kl
Cc
r kl
Fs + =
Fs
Fy
Cc
r kl
Fa *
) ( 2
) / (
1
2
2
(
=
A
P
f a =
Fa fa<


H. DESIGN OF BEAM & GIRDER

Beam Design
Dead Loads, DL
The following dead loads are to be considered:

Type of Dead Load Component of Dead Load Required Amount
Slab Weight Concrete 150 mm thick
Frame Partitions
Wood or steel studs, 13 mm.
gypsum board each side
0.38 kPa
Ceiling Load
Gypsum board + mechanical duct
allowance
1.2 + 0.2 = 1.4 kPa
Flooring
Concrete fill finish + hardwood
flooring
0.345 + 0.19 = 0.535 kPa
Frame walls
Window, glass, frames and sash +
wood sheating
0.38+ 0.855 = 1.235 kPa

Reference: National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) Volume 1, Section 204 DEAD LOADS
Live Loads, LL
According to NSCP Vol. 1 Section 205 Table 205-1, the minimum uniform live load for
commercial building (office) is 2.4 kPa.

Assume section of wide flange:
Using W 12 x 230 whose properties are
W12 x 230

Orientation
Weight, w (kg/m)
342
Area, A (mm
2
)
43677
X
(x10
3
mm
3
) 5260
Y
(x10
3
mm
3
) 1885
x
(mm) 151.64
y
(mm) 84.07
Depth , d 382.27
Thickness of web , tw 32.64
Base of flange, bf 327.53
Thickness of flange, tf 52.580
Moment of Inertia, Ix 1007
Moment of Inertia, Iy 309


w = total dead loads + live load + self weight of section

Dead loads = partitions + ceilings + floor finishes + floor framing

DL= 3.55 kPa
LL= 2.4 kPa
DL + LL= 5.95 kPa

conc= 23.50
weight of slab= conc * thickness
= 3525 N/m
2

= 3525 KN/m
2

DL+LL+weight of slab= 9.475 KN/m
2

Tributary area= 57.781 m
2

(DL+LL+wt. slab)(TA)/L = 50.928 KN/m

(self weight of section)(9.81)/1000 = 4.905 KN/m

total w= 55.833 KN/m

ANALYSIS OF BEAM

w = 55.833

L= 10.75 m.

R
R
) 2 (
4
) (L ST
TA=


use the assume wide flange, W 12 X 230

fb= 163.68 Mpa

solving for Sx to determine the most economical section

Sx= 4790.671 x10
3
mm
3

Note: look for the manual for the most efficient section

Adopt the wide flange section W 12 x 230

Check for the Adequacy:

Test for compactness:

3.115< 13.038
Compact!

11.712 < 128.85
Compact!

Fb= 163.68 MPa

fb = 149.075 MPa

149.075 < 163.8
.: the section is adequate

=

Ra = 291.772 KN

Fy fb 66 . 0 =
Sx
Mx
f b=
Fy tf
bf 170
2
s
Fy tw
d 1680
=
Fy Fb 66 . 0 =
Sx
Mx
f b=
Fb fb<
L
L wL
Ra
) 2 / (
=


ANALYSIS OF GIRDER

assume section of wide flange W 21 x 402

W 21 x 402

Orientation
Weight, w (kg/m)
598
Area, A (mm
2
)
76129
X
(x10
3
mm
3
) 15355
Y
(x10
3
mm
3
) 3097
x
(mm) 259.08
y
(mm) 83.06
Depth , d 660.91

Use the same loadings
DL+LL+weight of slab = 9.475 Kn/m
2

Tributary area = 57.781 m
2

(DL+LL+wt. slab)(TA)/ST = 50.928 Kn/m

(self weight of section)(9.81)/1000 = 5.866 KN/m
total w= 56.795 KN/m

solving for Sx to determine the most economical section

Sx= 14593.648 x 10^3 mm
3

Adopt the wide flange section W 14 x 500

Sx
Mx
f b=


Check for the Adequacy:
Test for compactness:
2.141<10.795 Compact!

15.041 < 106.680
Compact!

Fb= 163.680 MPa

fb = 155.564 MPa

155.564 < 163.680
.:the section is adequate

=

Ra = 597.042 KN

ANALYSIS FOR CONTINUOUS BEAM
Self Weight, SW
W 14 x 61

Orientation
Weight, w (kg/m)
90.83
Area, A (mm
2
)
11548
X
(x10
3
mm
3
) 1510
Y
(x10
3
mm
3
) 351
x
(mm) 151.88
y
(mm) 62.1
Depth , d 352.8
Moment of Inertia, Ix 266.388
Moment of Inertia, Iy 44.537

Fy tw
d 1680
s
Fy Fb 66 . 0 =
Fb fb<
L
L wL
Ra
) 2 / (
=
Sx
PL wST
fb
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
4 8
2
Fy tf
bf 170
2
s


self weight of section = (89)(9.81)(1/1000) = 0.87 kN/m

Dead loads = 3.55 kPa
Live load = 2.4 KPa

eight of slab =
conc
x thk
Weight of slab = 23.5 x 150 mm = 3.525 KN/m
2

W =
+ LL + weight of slab = 3.55 + 2.4+ 3.525 = 9.475 KN/m

2

Tributary Area,
T
=
0.25ST(4)
4
+1.5(4)()=
0.25(10.75)(4)(10.75)
4
+1.5(4)(10.75)= 93.91 km
( + + eight of slab)(
T
)
4
=
9.475(93.91)
4(10.75)
= 20.693 km
(+eight of slab)(
T
)
4
=
3.55+3.525(93.91)
4(10.75)
= 15.4515 km

Assume the section is compact.
Solving for the reactions

1
+ 2
1
+
2
+
c
2
+
6
1
a
1
1
+
6
2
b
2
= 6(
h
1
1
+
h
2
2
)

Consider that there is no settlement in the reactions, M
a
= M
e
= 0, and

6
1
a
1
1
=
6
3
a
3
6
3
b
w
3
4
=
15.4515(10.75)
3
4
=4798.8375N-m
2

6
2
a
2
2
=
6
2
b
2
=
6
4
b
w
3
4
=
20.693(10.75)
3
4
=6426.7123N-m
2

Where L
1
= L
2
= L
3
= 10. 75m
A
B C D E L
1
L
2
L
3
L
4

15.4515 KN/m 15.4515 KN/m 20.693 KN/m
20.693 KN/m


Considering the first and second span
2
1
+
2
+
c
2
+
6
1
a
1
1
+
6
2
b
2
=
2
21.5 +
c
(10.75) + 4798.8375+6426.7123 = 0

43
10.75
= 11225.2498

Considering the second and third span

2
+ 2
c
2
+
3
+
3
+
6
2
a
2
2
+
6
3
b
3
= 0

10.75 + 2
c
(21.5) +
(10.75) + 4798.8375+6426.7123 = 0

10.75
43
10.75
= 11225.2498

Considering the third and fourth span

c
3
+ 2
3
+
4
+
6
3
a
3
3
+
6
4
b
4
= 0

c
10.75 + 2
(21.5) + 4798.8375+6426.7123 = 0

10.75
43
= 11225.2498

Solving for the internal moments simultaneously.
M
B
=
-223.76kN-m
M
C
=
-149.17 kN-m
M
D
=
-223.76 kN-m

Checking for adequacy:

Solving the actual bending stress, f
b

f
b
=
max
S
x
=
223.76 x 10
6
= 148.19

Solving the allowable bending stress, F
b

F
b
= 0.66Fy
F
b
= 0.66 (248) = 163.68 MPa

Since f
b
<F
b
, the section is adequate as long girder.


15.4515 KN/m
20.693 KN/m
Solving for the reactions:
SEGMENT AB:

SEGMENT BC

SEGMENT CD:

SEGMENT DE:

A B
15.4515 KN/m
B C
20.693 KN/m
C D
D E


REACTIONS:
Ay=142.504 KN Dy=313.639 KN
By=313.639 KN Ey=73.166 KN
Cy=254.897 KN

V
max
=313.639 KN

I. DESIGN OF COLUMNS

FIRST FLOOR COLUMN

Firsts Floor Exterior Column Design
The height of the first floor column H
1
= 3 m = 3000mm. Assume that kL/r= 0
that is less that C
c
making it an intermediate column and that the column is hinged at both ends.

kL/r = 0 <C
c
, intermediate column!
Therefore, FS = 5/3
Fa = 0.6(Fy) = 0.6(248) = 148.8 MPa

Assume Fa
column
= 0.60Fa
Fa
column
= 0.60 (148.8MPa)
Fa
column
= 89.28 MPa
Fa
column
=

89. 28 a =
313.639(1000)

A = 3512.98 mm
2

3.0 m
313.639 kN


Using W 8 x 21 whose properties are
W 8 x 21

Orientation
Weight, w (kg/m) 31
Area, A (mm
2
) 3974
X
(x10
3
mm
3
) 298
Y
(x10
3
mm
3
) 61
x
(mm) 88.65
y
(mm) 32
Depth , d 210.31
Reference: Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP) Steel Manual

Checking the adequacy of the section:

r
=
1.0(3000)
32
=93.75 C
c
=
2
2
Fy
=
2
2
(200000)
248
= 126.169

kL/r <C
c
, therefore, intermediate column!

Solving allowable compressive stress, F
a

FS= 1.89 Fa=94.83 MPa

Solving for actual stress, fa
f
a
=
=
313.639(1000)
3974
=78.92

Since f
a
<F
a
, the section is adequate as second floor column.
Note:
For design purposes: for other columns including those on the second floor, use the same
section from the computation with respect to the critical load.

No internal column, all columns were on the sides (exterior) of the structure.
3
3
) ( 8
) / (
) ( 8
) / ( 3
3
5
Cc
r kl
Cc
r kl
Fs + = |
.
|
\
|
(
=
Fs
Fy
Cc
r kl
Fa
2
2
) ( 2
) / (
1


J. DESIGN OF BASE PLATE

Assume the base plate is square that rests on full area of concrete pedestal whose f
c
= 21
MPa (the most common).

plate
=
c
F
p

Where P
c
= column load and F
p
= allowable bending stress of concrete
Solving column load, P
c

c
=313639 N+9.81
m
s
2
(31
g
m
)(3.0 m)

=314551.33

Solving allowable bearing stress of concrete, F
p

F
p
=0.35 (f
c) =0.35(21 a)

p
=7.35


Solving the required area of the base plate, A
plate

plate
=
c
F
p
=
314551.33 N
7.35
=42796.1 mm
2

Knowing the base plate is square,
=N=
plate

=N=42796.1
==206.872 mm Say use 210mm x 210mm

However, it is too small to support the section, thus, use 450mm x 450mm

Solving for thickness, t
t=2x
f
p
f
y

Where x is larger between m & n, and f
p
is the actual bearing stress

Solving the actual bearing stress, f
p

f
p
=
actual
=
314551.33
(450)
2
=1.55

Solving m & n
m=
N - 0.95d
2
=
450-0.95(210.31)
2
=125.103 mm

n=
- 0.8b
f
2
=
450-0.80(133.86)
2
=171.456 mm

Then, x = 171.456 mm

Hence,
t=2x
f
p
f
y
=2(171.456mm)
1.55
248
=27.11, say t=30 mm

Henceforth, use 450mm x 450mm x 30 mm A36 base plate


K. DESIGN OF CONNECTION

Truss Member Connection (Riveted Connection)

Considering the member that carries the highest value of internal force.

TYPE OF
MEMBER
MEMBER
INTERNAL
FORCE
(N)

LENGTH
(m)

CROSS
SECTIONAL
AREA
(mm
2
)
ACTUAL
STRESS
(MPa)
Top chord AB 420172 1.934 5238 80.22

Using 10mm A36 gusset plate, 25
mm A325 fasteners (whose Fv=145MPa)

Analyzing shear V failure conditions.
F
v
=
max
v

v
=
max
F
v

N [
4
(25mm)
2
] =
420.172(1000)
145

N =5.9 say 6

Analyzing bearing P failure conditions.
F
p
=
max
v

p
=
max
F
p

N [25(10)]=
420.172(1000)
0.4(400)

N =10.5 say 11

Therefore, use 11 25mm A325 fasteners to resist both shear and bearing failure


Beam and Girder Connection (Riveted Connection)

Consider the shear force V of 313.639 kN (the maximum shear that occurs in the short
girders), use 28 mm A325 fasteners (whose Fv=145MPa). Assume that the connecting angle is
10mm.

F
v
=
max
v

v
=
max
F
v

N [
4
(28mm)
2
] =
313.639(1000)
145

N = 3.51 say 4

Analyzing bearing P failure conditions.
F
p
=
max
p

p
=
max
F
p

N [(28)(10)]=
313.639(1000)
0.4(400)

N = 7

Therefore, use 7 28mm A325 fasteners to resist both shear and bearing failure


Frame and Support Connection (Wielded Connection)
Using E60XX electrode whose Fu = 415MPa, we consider the shear force V of 313.639kN (the
maximum shear that occurs in the short girders). The wield thickness is assumed to be 8mm


F
v
=
max
v

v
=
max
F
v

.707(8mm)()=
313639(1000)
0.3(415)

L =445.4 say 450 mm.

Therefore, use 450 mm long 8mm thick wield to resist shear failure.


L. APPENDICES

-ASEP Steel Handbook 2004
-NSCP (National Structural Code of the Philippines)
-Steel review book (Fundamentals of Structural Steel Design)
By: DIT Gillesania
-STAAD PRO 2007
-AUTOCADD 2009
-Google Earth and Google Maps
-Progress Reports

M. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Im gld tht I hd finished my projet on time even though it is quite rush in
the making, I thank all those who had help me on the times of working of the project
matter. First of all, I thank God for the guidance, wisdom and knowledge he blessed
to me. Second, I thank our beloved professor in CE134P (steel and timber design),
Engr. Edgardo Cruz for all what he had taught to us regarding the subject matter
including his personal experience. Third, I thank my fellow steelmates because they
help me in times of problem regarding the project matter, they explain what is not
clear to me and they share their work, it help a lot, it acts like a reference. Fourth,
Manuel Trinidad, Jr. and his family, because they welcome us, they let us work our
project on their house, they fed us and even let us use their electricity, phone,
internet connection and other more, all that is necessary to use for the project,
special thanks to the father of Manuel for guiding us and teaching us to use STAAD, it
became handy for getting the forces on the truss, frame and beam. Fifth, I thank my
friend, Christiane Bernardo for helping me to create my floor plan using autocadd.
Our experience regarding the making of this project will be an unforgettable one due
to what we experience, it is the first time for me and some of my classmates to have
not just one day overnight of working having very less time for sleep and even almost
none but because of it we learned many lessons and we learned to budget time and
srifie our leisure time for work nd mny more. Im relly very gld nd very
thankful that I have finished my project just in time.

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GUILLERMO, Lou Stalin Dominique D.J.

=0.909< 1.0 OK!

=33.623 < Cc E = 200000

+ LL + weight of slab = 3.55 + 2.4+ 3.525 = 9.475 KN/m

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