AFC Feature Parameter Description

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Contents

Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1

2 Overview of AFC .......................................................................................................................2-1 3 Technical Description ..............................................................................................................3-1 4 Parameters .................................................................................................................................4-1 5 Counters ......................................................................................................................................5-1 6 Glossary ......................................................................................................................................6-1 7 Reference Documents .............................................................................................................7-1

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1 Introduction

1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the application scenarios and technologies related to AFC.

1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:
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Personnel who need to understand AFC Personnel who work with Huawei products

1.3 Change History

This section provides information on the changes in different document versions. There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
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Feature change: refers to the change in the AFC feature of a specific product version. Editorial change: refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not described in the earlier version.

Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
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02 (2009-09-30) 01 (2009-06-30)

02 (2009-09-30)
This is the second commercial release of GBSS9.0. Compared with issue 01 (2009-06-30) of GBSS9.0, issue 02 (2009-09-30) of GBSS9.0 incorporates the changes described in the following table. Change Type Feature change Editorial change Change Description None. The structure of the document is optimized. Parameter Change None. None.

01 (2009-06-30)
This is the first commercial release of GBSS9.0. Compared with issue 01 (2009-04-30) of GBSS8.1, issue 01 (2009-06-30) of GBSS9.0 has no change.

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2 Overview of AFC

2 Overview of AFC
Due to the frequent use of wireless network, the massive subscriber base has increasingly higher demands on the service quality of the wireless network coverage As the highways and express railways have been widely developed in European and American countries, there is a large market for high-speed access services in these countries. There is also an increasing market in China due to the massive rollout of express railways in recent years. In the high-speed transportation vehicles, the quality of the voice services as well as data services is a serious concern for the operators. In this case, the operators are seeking network solutions for better 2G services over the high-speed transportation system to improve the customer satisfactions. Express railways feature the high speed transportation, whereas high-speed access is always the challenge in the mobile communication field. In addition, the fast movement of the mobile terminals causes serious signal fading and Doppler frequency shift, which restrains the service quality that can be achieved by the operators. In the high-speed movement scenario, the Doppler frequency shift derives random signal fading, which increases the bit error rate (BER). In the GSM system, Doppler frequency shift reduces strength of the signal output by the relators, which affects the calculation of the channel factors. In this case, the GSM receiver may be out of synchronization with the channel model of the received signals, and thus the information cannot be demodulated. The effect of Doppler frequency shift is proportional to the moving speed of the MS and the communication frequency. When the moving speed of the MS reaches 200 km/h or higher, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases infinitely and may cause call drops or access failures. To solve this problem, Huawei base stations adopt the auto frequency correction (AFC) feature to compensate the Doppler frequency shift, thus ensuring successful high-speed access of the MSs and meeting the requirements of high-speed mobile communication services.

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3 Technical Description

3 Technical Description
When the MS is moving fast along with the train, Doppler frequency shift occurs on the receive carrier. If the frequency shift is not corrected, the demodulation performance of the receiver deteriorates and the communication may fail. The AFC feature is characterized by the BTS frequency shift correction algorithm against fast movement. With this algorithm, the bit flows on the radio link between the BTS and the fast-moving MS are measured, and the frequency is automatically corrected against the Doppler frequency shift during the fast movement. In an open area, the signals between the BTS and the MS are typically propagated along the direct path or reflection path at a great reflection angle. In this case, the movement of the MS is more likely to incur the Doppler frequency shift in the downlink direction. The frequency shift of the MS receiving the signals is calculated according to the following formula: fd=fc/C x V x cos Here, fc represents the carrier frequency, C represents the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, V represents the MS moving speed, and represents the angle between the MS moving direction and the signal propagation path. If the MS is moving at a speed of 300 km/h on the 1800 MHz frequency band, the maximum frequency shift can be 500 Hz. The AFC function is controlled by Frequency Adjust Switch.

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4 Parameters

4 Parameters
This chapter describes the parameters related to AFC. For the meaning of each parameter, see Table 4-1. For the default value, value ranges, and MML commands of each parameter, see Table 4-2. Table 4-1 Parameter description (1) Parameter Description Whether to enable the automatic frequency correction algorithm. This parameter is used for the fast-moving handover algorithm. If the parameter is set to YES, the BTS calculates the speed at which an MS leaves or approaches it, and sends the BSC6900 the calculated speed in an uplink measurement report.

Frequency Adjust Switch

Table 4-2 Parameter description (2) Paramet er Default Value GUI Value Range NO(No), YES(Yes ) Actual Value Range Unit MML Comman d SET GCELLO THEXT( Optional) Impact

Frequenc y Adjust Switch

NO

NO, YES

None

Cell

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5 Counters

5 Counters
For the counters, see the BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference.

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6 Glossary

6 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.

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7 Reference Documents

7 Reference Documents
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BSC6900 Feature List BSC6900 Optional Feature Description

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