DIRECT OBJECT FORMS Direct object can be realized not only by a noun phrase, but also by a clause.

se. Direct object may be a phrase of one or more words, a clause with a finite verb (FC) or a non- finite clause (NFC). Noun phrase as direct object: Ex: I took the last book in the shelf. Clauses as direct object: Ex: Ive heard that you are getting married. Ex: I know what she was thinking. Ex: I remember staying inside all day long.

That-clause as direct object: N+V+ that clause (finite clause) Ex: I think that he is bored with his job. Verbs used with this pattern: accept, admit, agree, announce, argue, assume, believe, bet, check, claim, comment, complain, conclude, confess, confirm, consider, decide, deny, discover, doubt, expect, explain, feel, find, forget, gather, guarantee, guess, hear, hint, hold, hope, imagine, imply, infer, insist, know, learn, mean, mention, notice, predict, presume, pretend, promise, protest, prove, realize, recall, reckon, recognize, remark, remember, repeat, reply, report, say, see, show, state, suggest, suppose, suspect, swear, think, understand, warn, write. Ex: I couldnt accept that he was never going to come back. Ex: The girls said that they are not cleaning their rooms. Ex: She concluded that they were wrong.

N+V+N+ that clause:

Ex: The bank manager convinced them that it was not a good time to start business. Ex: Sara told me that she wasnt coming back anymore. Verbs used with this: assure, convince, inform, notify, persuade, remind, and tell.

Wh-clause as direct object; N+V+ wh-clause Ex: She had to decide whether she was going to Paris. Ex: I wonder whether she passed the exam. Ex: I think which of the books to buy.

Verbs used with this pattern: anticipate, arrange, ascertain, ask, care, check, choose, confirm, consider, decide, depend, discover, discuss, doubt, enquire, establish, explain, find out, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, judge, know, learn, mind, notice, observe, predict, prove, realize, remember, say, see, show, tell, think, wonder. N+V+N+ wh-clause Ex: Jim asked us when the meeting would end. Ex: I didnt tell anyone where I had hidden the money. Ex: I will ask Anna what she is doing.

N+V+N+ wh-to-clause Ex: She showed us what to do. Ex: the pilot taught me how to land safely. Verbs used in this pattern: advise, ask, instruct, remind, warn.

NON- FINITE CLAUSES

 N+V+ To-clause Ex: I would love to visit London. Ex: I started to do my research project. Ex: Most people want to own their own houses.

N+V+N+ To-clause Ex: I want you to feel at home Ex: They reported the car to be missing. Ex; I am helping Mimi to finish her homework. Verbs used with this pattern: advise, ask, beg, challenge, command, direct, forbid, implore, instruct, invite, order, persuade, recommend, remind, request, teach, tell, urge.

N+V+ Verb Ex: You had better come tomorrow. Ex: There is a law that helps you make a claim against the travel agent.

N+V+ N+ Verb Ex: She lets the boys play football on the lawn. Ex: Ive known him eat a pound of snails. Verbs used with this pattern: feel, have, hear, help, let, make, notice, overhear, see, watch.

N+ V+ Verb-ing Ex: I like watching football. Ex: He admitted breaking into the house. Ex: John has started working at the company.

Verbs used in this pattern: admit, adore, appreciate, avoid, burst out, cant help, commence, consider, contemplate, defer, delay, deny, detest, dislike, dread, endure, enjoy, face, fancy, feel like, finish, give up, imagine, involve, keep (on), lie, loathe, mention, mind, miss, object, postpone, practice, prevent, put off, recall, report, resent, risk, sit, stand, cant stand (cant bear), suggest.

N+V+N+ Verb-ing Ex: We found the children playing tennis on the beach. Ex: I can hear someone knocking on the door. Ex: I found her bathing the baby, which was lovely. Verbs used in this pattern: catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, leave, notice, observe, overhear, see, smell, spot, and watch.

N+ V+ past participle Ex: The thief got arrested by the police. Ex: our team got beaten several times.

N+V+N+ past participle Ex: the boss wants these letters sent before tomorrow. Ex: they saw the home team beaten. Ex: He had a few things stolen. Ex: They want him buried there. Verbs used in this pattern: feel, find, get, have, leave, like, need, want.