WEARABLE BIOSENSOR

Presented By: Kirti Gupta 1431332807 ECE-B (7th Sem)

INTRODUCTION
WEARABLE BIOSENSOR= WEARABLE + BIOSENSOR

Wearable

Biosensor

Object that can be worn on body. e.g. wrist watches, ring, shirts etc.

Biosensor is an analytical device used for detection of analyte. e.g. Blood Glucose Detector

NEED OF WEARABLE BIOSENSOR

Remote monitoring of patients. Training support for athletes. Monitoring of individuals who work with hazardous elements.

For continuous monitoring of heart patients.

WEARABLE BIOSENSOR

Wearable monitoring devices that allow continuous monitoring of physiological signals. They rely on wireless sensors enclosed in items that can be worn, such as ring or shirt. The data sets recorded using these systems are then processed to detect patients clinical situations.

COMPONENTS OF WEARABLE BIOSENSOR

Three main components of wearable biosensors are: Biological element: For sensing the presence and concentration of a substance. Transducer: The product of interaction of biological component and sample may be a suitable chemical, charge etc., which can be converted by transducer into an electrical signal. Associated Electronic Devices: The electrical signal may be further amplified and can be read on digital panels.

WORKING OF BIOSENSOR

TYPES OF WEARABLE BIOSENSOR

There are two types of wearable biosensors:

Ring Sensor: It allows one to continuously monitor heart rate and oxygen saturation. The device is shaped like a ring. Smart Shirt: This technology has been used to integrate sensors for monitoring the vital signs like temperature, heart rate and respiration rate.

RING SENSOR

ABOUT RING SENSOR

It is a pulse oximetry, i.e. it monitors the oxygen saturation. It is based on the concept of photoconductor.

WORKING OF RING SENSOR

In order to detect blood volume changes due to heart contraction and expansion by photoelectric method, normally photo resistors are used. Light is emitted by LED and transmitted through the artery and the resistance of photo resistor is determined by the amount of light reaching it. The photo resistor is connected as a part of voltage divider circuit and produces a voltage that varies with the amount of blood in the finger. Oxygenated blood absorb more light than deoxygenated blood. A noise cancellation filter is used to cancel the noise due to motion of the finger.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF RING SENSOR

APPLICATIONS
Wireless supervision of people during hazardous

operations.

In an overcrowded emergency department. Chronic surveillance of abnormal heart failure. In cardio-vascular disease for monitoring the hyper tension.

Advantages

Continuous monitoring. Easy to use. Reducing hospitalization fee

Disadvantages

Initial cost is high. Limited number of physiological parameters can be monitored.

SMART SHIRT

ABOUT SMART SHIRTS

Also known as GTWM i.e. Georgia Tech Wearable Motherboard. This GTWM (smart shirt) provides an extremely versatile framework for the incorporation of sensing, monitoring and information processing devices. It uses optical fibers to detect bullet wounds and special sensors and interconnects to monitor the body vital signs during combat conditions. It is used to integrate sensors for monitoring the vital signs like temperature, heart rate and respiration rate.

ARCHITECTURE OF SMART SHIRT

WORKING OF SMART SHIRT

A combat soldier sensor to his body, pulls the smart shirt on, and attaches the sensors to the smart shirt. A signal is sent from one end of the plastic optical fiber to a receiver at the other end. The emitter and the receiver are connected to a Personal Status Monitor (psm) worn at the hip level by the soldier. If the light from the emitter does not reach the receiver inside the PSM, it signifies that the smart shirt has been penetrated (i.e.; the soldier has been shot). The signal bounces back to the PSM forum the point of penetration, helping the medical personnel pinpoint the exact location the solider wounds.

Information on the soldiers wound and the condition is immediately transmitted electronically from the PSM to a medical unit.

Advantages

Continuous monitoring. Easy to use. Reducing hospitalization fee.

Disadvantages

Initial cost is high. Limited number of physiological parameters can be monitored.

APPLICATIONS OF SMART SHIRT

Combat casualty care. Medical monitoring. Sports/ Performance monitoring. Space experiments. Mission critical/ hazardous application. Fire- fighting. Wearable mobile information infrastructure. Used for mountain climbers.

ADVANTAGES OF WBS
Rapid continuous control. Facilitate continuous monitoring. Easy to use. Reduce hospitalization fees. Accurate.

DISADVANTAGES OF WBS

Membrane may be fouled by deposits. Initial cost is high Battery life is less. Changes can put mechanical and chemical stress on biosensors.

FUTURE TREND

The smart shirt can be used to design and experiment real-time feedback mechanism to embrace the quality of care for this individual by providing appropriate and timely medical inspections. Smart shirts delta acquisition capabilities can be used to detect the condition when an individual is lapsing into a diabetic shock and this integrated feedback mechanism can provide the appropriate response to prevent a fatality.

CONCLUSION

Applied to restricted area of potential market. Limitations: Sensitivity And battery life. Advanced technologies such as the smart shirt have at partial to dramatically alter its landscape of healthcare delivery and at practice of medicine as we know them today. It is leading to the realization of Affordable Healthcare, Any place, Anytime, Anyone.

REFERENCES

http://www.smartshirt.gatech.edu http://www.wearables.gatech.edu http://www.newstechpapers.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosensor http://www.sensatex.com/smartshirt.htm www.seminarprojects.com/Thread-wearable-biosensors

ANY QUESTIONS