Daljit Singh

Presentation at the International Symposium on Energy Efficiency, Electrical Safety and Power Quality Dhaka, Bangladesh January 12, 2013

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Reasons for discussing energy efficiency (EE) of fans Indias efforts to improve appliance efficiency Challenges for the labeling program for fans
Fan industry Consumer awareness and preferences Results of labeling for fans

A novel approach - Super-Efficient Equipment Program (SEEP) for fans with upstream incentives

Fans most common electrical appliance in South Asian households and offices after electric lights Fans consume about 20% of the electricity in Indian households Sales of ~30 million per year; growing at ~10% About 70% of the fans in 2020 will have been added after 2010.
Rapid accumulation of new stock with long life should be efficient Almost never discussed when talking about EE

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In 2001 Govt of India passed Energy Conservation Act In 2002 Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) formed
Primary objective to reduce energy intensity of economy One responsibility - to recommend to Govt standards and labels (S&L) for appliances

BEE uses market-based approach to S&L

Currently labeling program for 14 appliances, with four being mandatory

Fan labeling program voluntary

Voluntary until 50% of market starts using labels Then mandatory, with lowest star level become de-facto minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) Threshold levels to be made more stringent every 2-3 years

Segments

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All leading brands outsource very substantial numbers from clusters All leading brands have standard designs 70-80 W Customers want fans with high speed and that throw a lot of air. Not much awareness about EE fans.

Organized sector ~ 70% Small and local manufacturers ~ 30%

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Five levels - highest (5-Star) having Service Value = 4 cmm/W Minimum air flow of 210 cmm Voluntary now, may be made mandatory

Self certification by manufacturers but check and challenge testing carried out by BEE.

Concern in organized sector of loss of market share to unorganized sector if mandatory standard.

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In 2011, labeled fans < 2% of the sales Unfortunate association of low air flow with energy efficiency A number of 5-Star rated products failing check testing
Issues about non-repeatability of tests

Even sales staff were discouraging purchase of 5Star fans

x Impact of environment on measurement of air flow and power consumed.

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New way of delivering energy efficiency A leap in energy efficiency of product

Essential Feature: Use of upstream incentives to bring about a market transformation at the national level

Manufacturer

Manufacturer Rebate Program implementedby Utility

Manufacturer Manufacturer Rebate Program Rebate Program implementedby Implemented by Coordinating BEE Committee & EESL

Decreasing TransactionCosts Point of Intervention

Wholesaler

Retailer

Customer

CustomerRebate Program implementedby Utility

Utility

State

Multistate

National

Geographic Scope Decreasing Transaction Costs

By expanding geographic scope of program and giving incentives upstream, SEEP will rapidly accelerate the shift to more efficient appliances.
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Reduced transaction costs

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Lower incentive required Increased bargaining power with manufacturers Helps with design and deployment of appliances better suited to South Asian conditions. Can bring about rapid transformation of market.

Easier to work with handful of manufacturers rather than change behavior of millions of consumers.

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Current designs use single phase induction motors Standard fans consume 70-80W at full speed EE can be improved by
Increase stack height (increase the iron) Make wires thicker (more copper) General view - Can bring consumption down to ~45W, but no consensus on this view Use brushless DC motors (BLDC)

Can lower consumption even further

x PM synchronous motor with inverter synchronized to motor

Example of Super-Efficient Fan

Parameter Units SuperA1 Span RatedVoltage mm(inch) Vac 1200(48) 160to265 48to52 33 0.94 M3/min RPM 210 350 33 0.94 230 385 40 0.94 270 280 Superfan Models SuperX1 1200(48) SuperV1 1400(56)

RatedFrequency Hz InputPower (typical) PowerFactor (typical) AirDelivery Speed(typical) W

Source: www.superfan.in

On January 9, 2013, Govt of India issued invitation for Expression of Interest for fan manufacturers to participate in SEEP Many parties developing fans to meet SEEP specs.

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Ceiling fans big consumers of electricity. Important to focus on improving EE of fans. Standard and Labeling Program can be useful in improving EE of fans. Some concerns:

Upstream incentive program promoting super-efficient can bring about rapid transformation of EE of fans.

Adequate capacity for check testing Adequate testing facilities required Media campaign to increase awareness and training of retailers essential

daljitss@gmail.com