Los "conditionales" son ciertas estructuras del ingls en las cuales, si cierta condicin, situacin o circunstancia es verdadera, entonces

sucede un resultado especfico. Aqu veremos varios tipos usuales de "condicionales" Zero Conditional - (Type Zero) - Situacin siempre verdaderaIf you freeze water, it turns into ice.First Conditional - (Type I) - Situacin real o posibleIf it rains today, I'll stay at home.Second Conditional - (Type II) - Situacin hipotticaIf I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.Third Conditional - (Type III) - Situacin hipottica del pasadoIf I had won the lottery, I would have traveled around the world. Conditional: wish + past simple- Deseo sobre una situacin irrealI wish I were rich (but I am not)Conditional: wish + past perfect - Deseo sobre el pasadoI wish I had learned English when I was younger (but I didn't) Conditional: wish + would - Expresando desagrado o irritacinI wish you would stop making that noise Palabras para expresar condiciones: unless, provided, You won't pass the exam unless you study harder.

conditional type 0 >> ZERO CONDITIONAL

IF + SIMPLE PRESENT + SIMPLE PRESENT Used for scientific facts or general truths (usado para expresar verdades cientficas, hechos que nunca cambian o situaciones que siempre ocurren). Algunos gramticos incluyen este tipo de condicional dentro de FIRST CONDITIONAL oConditional Type I. If you heat butter, it melts. Si calientas manteca, sta se derrite. If you put water in a cooler, it freezes. Si colocas agua en el congelador, sta se congela. If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils. Si calientas agua a 100 grados, sta hierve. If you cross an international date line, the time changes. Si cruzas una lnea de tiempo internacional, la hora cambia. If you drop ice in water, it floats. Si tiras hielo al agua, ste flota. If iron gets wet, it rusts. Si el hierro se moja, se oxida.

conditional type I >> FIRST CONDITIONAL

Used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future. It is generally used for things which may happen (utilizado para cosas que pueden ocurrir en presente o futuro). a) IF + SIMPLE PRESENT + SIMPLE FUTURE If you study hard, you will pass your exams. Si estudias intensamente aprobars tus exmenes. If we do not protect the panda bears, they will soon become extinct. Si no protegemos a los osos panda, pronto se extinguirn. b) IMPERATIVE + OR / AND + SIMPLE FUTURE
Used for threats and promises (usado para expresar amenazas y promesas)

Don't say a word about this, or I will kill you. No cuentes una palabra de esto o te mato. Finish your job, and you will have a bonus. Termina tu tarea y tendrs una gratificacin. c) IMPERATIVO + IF / IN CASE + SIMPLE PRESENT Contact me if you need any help. Ponte en contacto conmigo si necesitas ayuda. Call them in case you need help. Llmalos en caso de necesitar ayuda.
NOTE: In cases a and c above, you can replace IF (si) by UNLESS (a menos que)

conditional type II >> SECOND CONDITIONAL

Used to talk about things which are unreal (not true or not possible) in the present or the future. It is generally used for things which don't or won't happen.It is generally used for things which may happen (utilizado en presente o futuro para expresar situaciones hipotticas, que normalmente son irreales o imposibles). IF + SIMPLE PAST + SIMPLE CONDITIONAL
If FIRST verb in the sentence is TO BE, WERE is used for all persons. (Si el PRIMER verbo de la oracin es TO BE, se usa WERE para todas las personas)

If I were rich, I would buy a castle. Si fuera rico, comprara un castillo. If I were him, I would go and see a doctor. Si fuera l -en su lugar- consultara con un mdico. If elephants had wings, they would be able to fly. Si los elefantes tuvieran alas, podran volar.
NOTE: You can replace IF (si) by UNLESS (a menos que) in the examples above.

conditional type III >> THIRD CONDITIONAL

Used to talk about unreal situations in the past, that is, things which did not happen in the past. (utilizado para expresar situaciones irreales que nunca sucedieron en el pasado y, en general, dentro de un contexto de crtica, queja o remordimiento). En espaol tienes una construccin similar por lo cual este condicional no debera resultar complicado. IF + PAST PERFECT + CONDITIONAL PERFECT
If FIRST verb in the sentence is TO BE, WERE is used for all persons. (Si el PRIMER verbo de la oracin es TO BE, se usa WERE para todas las personas)

If I had known that you were sick, I would have gone to see you. Si hubiese sabido que estabas enfermo, te habra ido a ver.
The real situation was that I didn't know you were sick. So I say If I had known... When you are talking about the past, you use the Past Perfect (I had known) after IF.

If you had saved your money, you could have bought a laptop. Si hubieses ahorrado tu dinero, podras haberte comprado una computadora.
The real situation was that you didn't save your money. So they say If you had saved... When you are talking about the past, you use the Past Perfect ( I had known) after IF.

If you hadn't been late for work so often, they wouldn't have fired you. Si no hubieses llegado tarde al trabajo tan seguido, no te habran despedido.
The real situation was that you wasn't early for work. So they say If you hadn't been late... When you are talking about the past, you use the Past Perfect ( I had known) after IF. NOTE: You can replace IF (si) by UNLESS (a menos que) in the examples above.