Analogy Practice Directions: Write the relationship between the words in

each pair. The first two have been done for you.

1. cow : farm ____object / location____ 2. toe : foot _____part / whole______ 3. watch : TV _____________________ 4. bank : money _____________________ 5. you : ewe _____________________ 6. happy : unhappy _____________________ 7. listen : radio _____________________ 8. their : theyre _____________________ 9. inning : ballgame _____________________ 10. knife : cut _____________________ 11. safe : dangerous _____________________ 12. carrots : soup _____________________ Directions: Complete these antonym sets. 1. run : _____________________ 2. start : _____________________ 3. laugh : _____________________ 4. dependent : _____________________ 5. young : _____________________ 6. north : _____________________ 7. laugh : _____________________ 8. awake : _____________________ 9. begin : _____________________ 10. rural : _____________________ Directions: Complete these Object / Location sets. 1. shirt : _____________________ 2. milk : _____________________ 3. screwdriver : _____________________ 4. cow : _____________________ 5. shower : _____________________ 6. pages : _____________________ 7. money : _____________________ 8. bees : _____________________ 9. ice cream : _____________________ 10. toys : _____________________ Directions: Complete these synonym sets. 1. miniature : _____________________ 2. picture : _____________________ 3. quiet : _____________________ 4. mean : _____________________ 5. difficult : _____________________ 6. loud : _____________________ 7. feline : _____________________ 8. thaw : _____________________ 9. kind : _____________________ 10. gigantic : _____________________

Directions: Choose the correct word to complete each analogy. One the line write the relationship between the words in each pair.
1. scissors : cut :: broom : ___________ a. clean b. dust c. sweep d. dirty 1. _____________________ 2. car : mechanic :: body : ___________ a. patient b. doctor c. torso d. hospital 2. _____________________ 3. mantel : mantle :: jamb : ___________ a. mandolin b. jump c. lamb d. jam 3. _____________________ 4. black : white :: up : ___________ a. down b. north c. stairs d. blue 4. _____________________ 5. stanza : poem :: verse : ___________ a. rhyme b. singing c. song d. music 5. _____________________ 6. kindness : friend :: cruelty : ___________ a. meanness b. enemy c. war d. unkindness 6. _____________________ 7. cheat : exam :: swindle : ___________ a. criminal b. business c. crook d. crime 7. _____________________ 8. mystery : clue :: eraser : ___________ a. house b. key c. window d. open 8. _____________________ 9. habit : custom :: extravagant : ___________ a. miserly b. extraordinary c. lavish d. crazy 9. _____________________ 10. flair : flare :: yew :: ___________ a. flame b. yaw c. ewe d. yes 10. _____________________ 11. sky : blue :: grass : ___________ a. earth b. green c. lawn d. yard 11. _____________________ 12. snow : winter :: rain : ___________ a. umbrella b. wet c. slicker d. spring 12. _____________________

Analogies Part II
13. wave : ocean :: branch : ___________ a. stream b. lawn c. office d. tree 13. _____________________ 14. slither : slide :: blank : a. brave b. empty c. full d. worth 14. _____________________ 15. actor : stage :: surgeon :: ___________ a. patient b. hospital c. operating room d. knife 15. _____________________ 16. sun : day :: moon : ___________ a. dark b. night c. stars d. blackness 16. _____________________ 17. finger : nail :: leg : ___________ a. arm b. torso c. knee d. walk 17. _____________________ 18. prey : pray :: tern : ___________ a. term b. turn c. praise d. turf 18. _____________________ 19. cube : square :: sphere : ___________ a. circle b. triangle c. hemisphere d. spear 19. _____________________ 20. television : see :: CD : ___________ a. sound b. hear c. play d. dance 20. _____________________ 21. staid : stayed :: style : ___________ a. stem b. stake c. sty d. stile 21. _____________________ 22. ball : throw :: knife : ___________ a. cut b. spoon c. dinner d. silverware 22. _____________________ 23. fresh : stale :: heavy : a. bulky b. ample c. careless d. light 23. _____________________ 24. lawyer : trial :: surgeon :: ___________ a. patient b. hospital c. operation d. operating room 24. _____________________ 25. clock : time :: ruler : ___________ a. height b. length c. measure d. inches 25. _____________________ 26. collie : dog :: Siamese ___________ a. pet b. kitten c. baby d. cat 26. _____________________ 27. player : team :: inch : ___________ a. worm b. measure c. foot d. short 27. _____________________ 28. chicken : egg :: cow : ___________ a. barn b. calf c. milk d. beef 28. _____________________ 29. letter : word :: note : ___________ a. tuba b. music c. instrument d. singer 29. _____________________ 30. teach : instruct :: jump : ___________ a. leap b. include c. imagine d. clear 30. _____________________ 31. back : rear :: pit : ___________ a. peach b. hole c. dark d. punishment 31. _____________________ 32. fry : pan :: bake : ___________ a. cookies b. dinner c. oven d. baker 32. _____________________ 33. peak : mountain :: crest : ___________ a. wave b. ocean c. beach d. water 33. _____________________ 34. pumpkin : pie :: chocolate : ___________ a. cake b. dark c. taste d. dessert 34. _____________________ 35. weave : weve :: yoke : ___________ a. wed b. yodel c. yolk d. joke 35. _____________________ 36. resist : comply :: cheerful :: ___________ a. happy b. calm c. somber d. gleeful 36. _____________________ 37. bowl : fruit :: wrapper : ___________ a. present b. candy c. paper d. ribbon 37. _____________________

Vocabulary and Context Clues 1

Look for clues about the meaning of the boldfaced word. Underline another word or phrase that helps you understand it.

1. Hank was an opportunist, taking advantage of every possible angle. 2. My mother was candid, honestly sharing her ideas on the subject. 3. The stupendous actor attracted everyones attention because he was so good. 4. President Millers policies changed society, catalysts for improved living around the country.

6. Exchanging screen names is almost like trading phone numbers. 7. The preachers charm and charisma made him attractive to both young and old. 8. The yellow cookie had a bite out of it, looking like nothing so much as a crumbly crescent moon. 9. Elizabeth had the perfect trifecta of attributes: power, beauty and money.

5. Peter was likely to be late, and apt to forget necessary 10. Precisely where were you last night, and exactly supplies as well. what were you doing? Put the letter of the matching definition on each line: ____ precisely ____ opportunist ____ charisma ____ catalysts ____ candid ____ stupendous ____ apt ____ crescent ____ exchanging ____ trifecta a. Very, very good b. One who takes advantage c. Group of three d. Honest e. Trading one for another f. Agent of change g. Likely h. Shape like a portion of a circle i. Exactly j. Extremely attractive quality 1. He realized that his carriage was important, so he walked proudly with his back straight. 2. The surface was marred by deep scratched and gouges. 3. Many media were used in the artwork, including paint, colored pencils and crayons. 4. The soft, bouncy surface cushioned his landing. 5. The two of them are usually civil but today they were quite impolite to each other. 6. Sarah demonstrated how much she cared for others by showing compassion to the man in the store. 7. The salesman obviously wanted to haggle, so we offered a lower price. 8. The local economy was based on a barter system, so the doctor often was paid with fresh produce from the farms. 9. Tom was known to be a cad, treating others without respect or kindness. 10. Greta shared many traits with her sister, including attributes like honesty and humor. Put the letter of the matching definition on each line: ____ haggle ____ cad ____ carriage ____ marred ____ barter ____ traits ____ cushioned ____ civil ____ compassion ____ media a. Polite and kind e. Damaged b. Bargain c. A disreputable person d. Posture and body language f. Trade g. Characteristics or attributes h. Softened i. Kindness and caring j. Artistic materials

Figurative Language
S (simile) A (alliteration) O (Onomatopoeia)

M
________1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________10.

(metaphor)

H (hyperbole)

P (Personification)

The pencil sharpener chewed up my pencil. Jand had to wash a mountain of dishes. George thought Sally was sweet as sugar. That substitute teacher was a real ringmaster. My dad had a cow when he saw my grades. The car chugged up the hill. Ten tiny tulips twisted in the tornado. Many of the sunflowers hung their heads in shame. Crack! Tom hit a homerun. The cursor jumped all over the page.

Circle the best answer that tells how the two things are being compared in the sentence. Mr. Mullin has a face like stone.--This means that Mr. Mullin ____________________________ looks like a stone is happy has a stern look on his face Lauras eyes are as black as coal.--This means that Laura ________________________________ cannot see has very dark eyes has eyes that glow in the dark Label Simile (S) or Metaphor (M). Underline the two things being compared. _____ Harriets teammates stood as still as gate posts as they watched her. _____ Her eyes were beacons as she stared at the pitcher. _____ Harriets swing connected, and the hit sounded like a firecracker. _____The ball was a bullet heading straight for the top of the fence. Underline the exaggerated part of the sentence and tell the meaning of the hyperbole. 1. Harvey ran so fast that he got there before he started! 2. She gave us a ton of homework. Circle the human feeling or action in each example of personification. 1. My blank computer screen glared at me as I tried to write my report. 2. The grass tickled the babys feet. 3. The flower wilted sadly. No one remembered to water it! Choose the sentence with the best meaning for each metaphor. 1. Time is the thief of youth. A. Children have better ideas than adults. B. Children sleep better than adults. C. People have better ideas if they are well rested. 2. The science class was a foreign movie with no subtitles. A. The science class was taught in a foreign language. B. The science class was almost impossible to understand. C. They showed us a foreign movie during science class. 3. Friendship is a house built brick by brick. A. It takes careful work to become friends with someone. B. Your friends will help you build a house. C. A house made of bricks is a friendly place. 4. Kate thinks she is king of the jungle. A. Kate shouts when she is angry B. Kate dresses like a wild animal. C. Kate acts like she is more important than everyone else.

Figurative Language

1. Julie and I have a wonderful friendship, when we are hanging out I feel that life is like a bowl of cherries. A. Simile B. Metaphor 2. Many of our relatives were visiting. Our house swarmed with guests like a beehive. A. Simile B. Metaphor 3. Your friendship is a sturdy boat, and I am proud to have you in my life. A. Simile B. Metaphor 4. George types like a monkey wearing mittens. A. Simile B. Metaphor 5. He is the sweetest man I have ever met; his love is a fairy tale. 1. Simile B. Metaphor 6. Your grandmother is always so sweet to you, she is a gentle lamb. A. Simile B. Metaphor

A. a lobster 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

B. a frozen hamburger

C. a pretzel

D. a button

E. a dog

The tree branches are more twisted than __________________. When I got sunburned, my face was as red as _________________. When we went skiing, I got as cold as ____________________. After dinner, he was as sick as ______________________. Her grandmother said she was as cute as __________________. Choose the best replacement for the underlined simile. 12. The disappointed crowd was as savage as tigers. A. very angry B. completely silent 13. The movie was as exciting as limp spaghetti. A. really thrilling B. terribly boring 14. Saturdays game was canceled. The news was as welcome as a skunk at a picnic. A. very disappointing B. marvelously good A. sunny days B. brave lion C. raging bull D. limp dishrag E. black ribbon

15. Watch out for Ralph this morning. He is a ____________ about the late report. 16. The other soldiers were terrified, but he was a ____________. 17. It was so hot at the Saturday picnic that I was a ____________. 18. Good friends are the __________ of life. 19. The highway was a _________________winding through the rolling hills. Choose the sentence with the best meaning for each metaphor.

Figurative Language-Hyperboles

Create some attention getting, original hyperboles in response to the following lines of dialogue. 1. Dont you think the TV is too loud? The TV is so loud___________________________________________________. 2. Are you really going to eat the entire hot fudge brownie sundae? Im so hungry______________________________________________________. 3. Look at that incredible amount of snow piled up outside. The snow is so deep that_____________________________________________. 4. Do you really want to go to the movies? I mean, dont you have too much homework to do? I have so much homework____________________________________________. 5. Look at that poor old dog. He can hardly walk. That dog is so old___________________________________________________. 6. Arent you glad you got an A on the test? Im so happy______________________________________________________. 7. Is that a mosquito bite? My arm is so swollen________________________________________________. 8. Did you really see a shark just now? That shark was so vicious____________________________________________. 9. How bad is your headache? My head aches so much______________________________________________. 10. Werent you frightened by the roller coaster? I was so frightened__________________________________________________. In the following sentences, underline the hyperbole and write what it means on the line below 1. My brother is so tall, he has to duck to walk under the telephone lines. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 2. My sister has such long legs, she needs to sit in the backseat to drive. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 3. My dog is so fast, the fleas have to use super glue to stay on. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 4. My cat is so fat, she has to use a roller skate to hold her stomach off the floor. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 5. My friend is so crazy, he thinks the moon is really made of cheese. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 6. My brother is so short, he has to climb on a high chair to see over the table. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 7. My aunt is so nice, my kids ran away to live with her. Meaning:

___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 8. My cows are so lazy, they lay in the field and wait on the grass to grow back. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 9. My girlfriend is so crazy, she doesnt go outside at night because she thinks the man on the moon is watching her. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 10. My cat is so lonely, she spends all day sitting in front of the mirror looking to herself. Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __

Figurative Language
1. Someone who is really large: When he walked down the street, a shadow covered the entire park, bricks fell from the buildings, and small children ran for cover. 2. Someone who is really beautiful:
Below, write an example of hyperbole to describe each of the following. The first one has been done for you.

3.

Someone who is really tired:

4.

Someone who is really full (from Thanksgiving dinner, maybe?):

5. 1.

Someone who is really smart: Define alliteration.

Alliteration

___________________________________________________________________________________________ __________ 2. a. b. c. d. Identify the sound being repeated in the following examples: The summer sun slid down behind the ridge. ______ In the distance, Horatio heard a horn blow. ______ Betty bought the baubles at the beauty parlor. ______ Rosa Parks raised a rallying cry for racial equality. ______

3. a. b. c. d. 4.

Analyze the following lines from famous poems. Identify which uses alliteration. Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon Hurled headlong flaming from the ethereal sky with hideous ruin One could do worse than be a swinger of birches It is not sweet with nimble feet to dance upon the air! Create your own alliteration! Your alliterative phrase should begin with the first letter of your first name. Justify why you feel your example demonstrates alliteration. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______

Figurative Language-Onomatopoeia
Fill in the blank: 1. Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose ____________ make you think of their meanings. 2. List one example of onomatopoeia. _______________ Match the sound with the correct picture:

______________ ________________

_______________

_______________

______________ ________________ Sound Bank splishsplash crunch buzzzz popppp

_______________

_______________

meow moooo

clip clop brrrring

Write 5 sentences that contain onomatopoeias 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Figurative Language
Directions: What type of figurative language is this poem? BRILLIANT BASKETBALL BOUNCERS three-point thrilling throws shonky charlatan shows no-bodys number knows fouling fellow forward flows tackles tight team touching toes galloping guy grandly goes silly standstill sentry slows dribblers, downstairs, dads doze What figurative language was used in this poem? _______________________________________ Birds babbling, boys blabbing, bumble-bees buzzing, bells booming, beepers beeping, babies bawling. Balloons bursting, bomb blasting. What figurative language was used in this poem? _______________________________________ Rhinos have very sharp horns They are as strong as 50-metre brick walls And as scary as giants I think they like to have their own food. They are as dirty as pigs at a sewerage farm And as fast as a flash going round a corner They eat like cheetahs running. What figurative language was used in this poem? _______________________________________ The Cat & The Fiddle Hey diddle, Diddle, The cat and the fiddle, The cow jumped over the moon; The little dog laughed To see such sport, And the dish ran away with the spoon. What figurative language was used in this poem? _______________________________________

Figurative Language
Directions: Mark S for Similes and M for Metaphors. _____ She was slow like a turtle. _____ The mountain was a fortress. _____ Love is a flower that gently blooms. _____ The road wound like a snake. _____ Hate is water on a stove. _____ She danced like a leaf in a stream. _____ Red as a tomato. _____ Raining like a waterfall. _____ Life is a box of chocolates. _____ Her hair was a sea of mahogany. Write three sentences using alliteration. (Use a different sound for each sentence.) (Each sentence must have three words of alliteration.) 1. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ 2. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ 3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ Write three examples of onomatopoeia. 1. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ 2. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ 3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Identify the following sentences as similes, metaphors, or personifications 1. 2. 3. He is like a monster when he plays sports. _____ He is a monster when he plays sports. _____ Paying bills is like having your teeth pulled. _____

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

The moon was a silver ship sailing through the sea. _____ She swims like a fish. _____ The water opened its arms and invited them in. _____ My brother is a clown. _____ The rain kissed my face as it fell. _____ The strawberries were yelling, Eat me first! _____ He is a rabbit lost in the woods. _____ Her glasses look like small bottle caps. _____ His eyes are shining stars in the middle of the night. _____ The car engine coughed and cried when it started during the cold winter morning_____

Figurative Language
1. Snap, crackle, and pop are examples of _____________________. A personification B. simile C. onomatopoeia 2. An example of a simile is: The boys dove on the ball like angry dogs snarling for a bone. A. True B. False 3. The students were like ants crowded around the pizza box. This is an example of a simile. A. True B. False 4. An example of a simile is: I really like ice cream. A. True B. False 5. An example of alliteration is: The cat sat on the mat. A. True B. False 6. The sign read, Mr. Freddy Fantastic, Fabulous Fourth Graders. This is an example of ______________. A personification B. simile C. onomatopoeia 7. A simile is a comparison using the words like or as. A. True B. False 8. An example of alliteration is: Silently, softly the swans swam on the lake. A. True B. False 9. The darkness is all around us. This is an example of alliteration. A. True B. False 10 Personification is when living qualities are used to describe non-living things. A. True B. False 11. He is as strong as an ox. This example of ____________________________ A personification B. simile C. onomatopoeia 13. The curious cat crept towards the mouse hole. The repetition of the C sound is ____. A personification B. simile C. onomatopoeia 15. Her hair is as shiny as glass. This is an example of alliteration.

A. True

B. False

16. The grass tickled my feet and the sun kissed my face. This is an example of ______. A personification B. simile C. onomatopoeia 18. A metaphor is when two things are compared using IS or WAS. A. True B. False 19. I caught a fish a mile long. This sentence is an example of ______________________. A. personification B. hyperbole C. alliteration 20. The ballerina is a pink cloud. This is an example of a metaphor. A. True B. False

Context Clues
Choose the best meaning of the underlined word. (Underline the that helped you make your choice) 1. The first review on the Harry Potter movie was favorable. Many people attended and enjoyed the movie. Some people even saw the movie three times! a. negative spoke in the class. a. shy b. boisterous c. kind d. seriously b. uncertain c. positive d. clear

2. Her quiet, timid ways made us guess at her true feelings about the story because she kept her ideas to herself and never

3. He was found running down the street after curfew, and his parents were penalized. The ticket read: "Illegally in the streets at 1:00A.M." Now he would have to pay the ticket with his own money. a. crooked b. fined c. delicate d. informed

4. The woman crossed her fingers as her daughter did the cheer. She was hoping that everything would work out for her daughter as she vied for a position on the squad. Her daughter wanted to be a cheerleader. a. shouted boat. a. rare b. enclave c. full d. sparse b. enclosed c. expanded d. tried

5. The boy knew that the lake was teeming, and overflowing with bass, so he brought a big net to help get the fish in the

6. It was difficult to listen to Tommy speak because he droned on and on just like a buzzer that won't stop buzzing. a. ideal b. same tone c. lively d. scared

7. The lithe girl was perfect for the basketball team because she was all muscle and could play well.

a. lean

b. cubed

c. thick

d. eerie

8. Thomas went to the apex of the mountain, and because it was so high, he had to take a tank of oxygen with him. a. bottom b. breathe c. top d. clear

9. The apparatus that Jill used to connect the fabric was similar to a sewing machine, but this one did all of the work while she just pushed a button. a. idea b. zipper c. instrument d. singular

10. The frigid air seemed to suck his breathe away as he attempted to finish his first snowman of the season a. deficient b. sappy c. thick d. cold

Context Clues
A Unicorn A unicorn is a mythological animal. Mythological means made-up, or imaginary. A unicorn is always whit and looks like a small horse with a horn protruding, or sticking out or, the center of its forehead. It was considered good luck to see a unicorn, 1. What is a unicorn?___________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 2. What does mythological mean?________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is another word for imaginary?_____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 4. What does protruding mean?___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ The Jobs of the Different Parts of a Canopy Tree The job of the crown, or umbrella of leaves, of each canopy tree is to grab as much sunlight as it possibly can. The canopy of a rain forest grabs so much sunlight that it absorbs 98% of the sunlight that shines on the forest. The leaves of each tree also have another important job to perform. Photosynthesis occurs in the leaves. This process in which sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are converted, or changed, into food for the plant. 1. What does the word crown mean?___________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2. What does converted mean?_______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

Highlight the words that give you clues about what the bolded word means. a. b. c. The river was full of noxious materials such as cleaning agents from factories and pesticides from the nearby farms. This third grade was full of precocious children. One child had learned to read at two and another could do algebra at age 6. When going to an office party you should show your best decorum, for example, dress your best, drink and eat moderately, and be sure to thank the host before you leave.

Context Clues
Read each of the sentences below, using context clues to help you choose the correct meaning of the underlined word. Then, circle the clues that helped you find the words meaning. 1. In an hours time, the day will be gone and night will be filled with the furtive rustlings of animals who would rather their comings and goings be unnoticed. A. Playful B. Secretive C. Noisy D. Foolish They flee from the sound of footsteps and bare formidable teeth if cornered. Approach at your peril! they snarl. A. Surprising B. Playful C. Fearsome D. Weak The night creatures we wait forare not meant to be wild: We are waiting for catsin the heart of these cats - of every cat gone feral - remains a memory of how pleasant is the company of a human. A. Tame B. Fierce C. Insane D. Wild The older cats know what the trap is about, and only the most desperate starvation would lure them inside again. A. Yank B. Want C. Tempt D. Shove And in many of those places are people like Tangs captor, quietly pursuing a labor of love that can be as thankless as it often is controversial. Some people would rather see the feral cats killed, but these volunteers see another way. A. Debatable B. Fair C. Humorous D. Persuasive

2. 3.

4. 5.

Using Context CluesSolve the Riddles!

What is the meaning of the crazy, make-believe word that is underlined in each sentence? Circle the correct meaning. Then circle at least two clue words that helped you to figure out the meaning of the word. 1. Sometimes at lunch we have slowmoe. Slowmoe is a good drink. I like chocolate but some people like skim slowmoe. What is slowmoe? ice cream milk pizza 2. We like to go to glubnub class. Sometimes we run races or play ball. We learn the rules for different sports. Glubnub is a fun class! What is glubnub? music art

gym

3. My kitenight is older than anyone in my family. Sometimes we visit my kitenight and she tells us stories about our mother when she was growing up. She also bakes us great cookies. Who is my kitenight? grandmother father pet 4. Do you have a placenet? Dogs and cats can make good placenets. My friend Ann has a placenet named Swimmy. Ann has to feed Swimmy each day and clean the water in Swimmys bowl. No matter what kind of placenet you have, you have to take good care of it. What is a placenet? rabbit fish pet

Theme
It was a chilly, yet sunny, Saturday morning that brought my brother and me outside. My fiveyearold brother and I were outside playing on our deck. We were jumping off a bench and landing on the cold, hard wooden deck. My brother climbed up on the bench to have another go at it. He planned to do a 360 degree turn in midair. As he jumped, the dew under his feet made him slip, and he fell onto the wooden deck. Kennys hand slid across the wood and ended up looking like a porcupine. Immediately, Kenny screamed and cried for me to get our mother. Kenny and I never jumped off that wooden bench again. We decided it was best to practice our 360s on the ski slope. Today, I still love to tease Kenny about the time he had a wooden hand.

1. The theme of this story is A have fun no matter what it costs B eat a good breakfast each day C learn from your mistakes D don't work too hard
A minor accident a couple of days before had left the car crippled by a radiator with two leaks. The problem was getting the car to that garage out of town where it could receive the attention of Wally, the foreman. Wally is a terrific mechanic. More than that: he is a true craftsman, almost an artist at his work. He takes pride in the jobs he performs. He treats cars and motors with reverence. Anyway, I called Wally about the accident and about the radiator and asked him if he could send a tow truck up this way to haul the car in. Wally said he would have to hire an outside tow truck. Then he added: "But you can drive it down here yourself." "But the radiator has two leaks and won't hold the water," I said. "What you do is thisget some chewing gum and seal up the leaks," Wally said. Now, if I didn't know that Wally was an expert, I'd have ignored the suggestion and said, "Just send the tow truck." I mean: chewing gum, for crying out loud. Despite the doubts, I took the chewing gum and jammed it against the leaks and the spurting stopped. I refilled the radiator and looked again. No leaks.

2. What is the overall theme of this story? F Sometimes even the strangest of ideas work. G Always try new experiences and expand your horizons. H Often our experiences will help teach us life lessons. J Never be afraid to go against popularly accepted ideas.
Remember, said the art teacher, Mr. Ramirez, our class has volunteered to paint a mural for the school beautification project. Were looking for a few good ideas, and then well vote on the best one. Any suggestions? I thought about the sketchbook in my backpack. When Mr. Ramirez announced the mural project last week, I drew my idea. Every time I went to submit it, though, my stomach tied up in knots. So each day I slipped out of class with everyone else, my sketchbook tucked away in my backpack. Alana Jackson raised her hand. Mr. Ramirez, she said, I have an idea that I think would represent more than just one person. She glared at Josh, then turned away. Lets make a rainbow. The colors could represent the diversity of our school. As Mr. Ramirez wrote rainbow on the blackboard, Josh called out, Way to go,

rainbow girl. Did you think of that all by yourself? I pulled my sketchbook from my bag. The class was silent. This was my chance to speak upbut I didnt say anything. I couldnt. Instead, I buried my head in my arms. After a few minutes, Mr. Ramirez looked over at me. Marianna, do you have an idea to share? Me? I said. Everyone was looking. The walls were laughing at me. No, not me. Sorry. I melted. It was over. For good. As Mr. Ramirez reviewed our list of ideas, I opened my sketchbook to the mural silhouettes. It didnt matter now, did it? I took a deep breath and prepared to tear the page out. Hey, thats not too bad, someone said behind me. It was Josh. When Mr. Ramirez asked if this was my idea for the mural, I felt my thoughts were peeled away by my classmates stares. I sat up straight. Yes, it is, I said. The class voted, and my idea was chosen for the mural. Afterward, Josh patted my shoulder. I cant believe you were going to let us get stuck with the rainbow, he said.

3. What is the theme of this story? A Believe in yourself. B Create opportunities for yourself. C Know when to accept help. D Understand your limitations.

Theme
Drew and I pushed off from shore into the cool green water, sending ripples in all directions. Though it was barely 9AM, the air was a blanket of heat, close and smothering. The canoe glided out silently from beneath the trees into the glaring sunshine. We stopped after awhile to eat lunch and relax. I closed my eyes to soak up the sounds of the river. There wasnt a single sound that wasnt natural, except for the sound of someone trying to paddle a canoe in a hurry without making a lot of noise. I opened my eyes and saw that Drew had untied the canoe, pushed it into the water and was now paddling downstream like mad, grinning to himself. I immediately realized that he was trying to pull a fast one on me and sneak off with the canoe while I dozed. I swam furiously toward the canoe, but it was pointless. I couldnt possibly keep up, and the canoe pulled farther and farther away. Drew was now roaring with laughter at his prank. I splashed and floundered a few yards more, then gave up, exhausted. Suddenly, the canoe crashed headlong into a submerged log just beneath the surface. The boat lurched over to the side and Drew struggled with his paddle to keep the craft upright. Everything in the canoe hit the water. The lid to the cooler came off; everything in it emptied into the river and began floating downstream. Cans of soda, sandwiches, bananas, and crackers all bobbed merrily in the water. Our tackle boxes began to sink immediately and the two paddles floated alongside the upsidedown canoe. Drew came up from the water sputtering, coughing, and embarrassed, but fine.

1. What is the overall theme of this story? F No good deed goes unpunished. G Your actions can come back to haunt you. H Never stand up in a canoe. J Always swim with a buddy.
Mandy was beginning to have second thoughts about spending the night at Alexs house. She had known Alex a long time, but this was a new house to both of them. Alexs family had just moved in a few days ago and Mandy was spending the weekend to help Alex get her new room set up. The house was an old two story farmhouse with porches and big windows. Mandy had first thought it looked like something out of a movie. Now Alex was telling her all this stuff about how the house was haunted. Mandy wasnt buying it, though; she didnt believe in ghosts, and she knew Alex enjoyed pulling her leg from time to time. Later that night Mandy settled back down amongst the couch cushions and tried to go sleep. She had just closed her eyes when she heard it again. It was somewhere upstairs and very faint: taptap, taptap, taptap. Mandys eyes shot open and she looked toward the attic. It couldnt be, she thought. There had to be a mouse or something up there running around. Still, she found she was holding her breath, afraid to move. Then it came again: taptaptap, clicktap, pattertapclick. It was louder this time, and it seemed to be moving around the floor, first in one part of the room, then another. Mandy raced down the hallway right behind Alex. They crashed into Alexs mom just as she stepped out from her bedroom door. What? What is it? Whats wrong? she cried, taking Alexs hands in hers, her eyes wide in terror. Listen!

Alex pointed toward the ceiling. Alexs mom listened intently for a moment, then her face softened and she began to laugh. Do you know what that sound is? she asked, looking into the girls' frightened eyes. Thats rain. Rain on a tin roof. Rain on a tin roof? Alex asked, not comprehending. Yes. The house is old; it has a tin roof. It sounds like that, like rain on a regular roof just much, much louder. Like being in a tin can in a rainstorm, Mom finished, giving the girls hug. Trust me. Theres no murderer in the attic. Go back to bed, girls. Its late.

2. Which statement best expresses the theme of this story? F Junk food before bed can cause nightmares. G Things are not always what they seem to be. H Man cannot control the forces of nature. J Ghosts live only in the imagination.

Symbolism
1. Both parties stared at one another with tense apprehension. As if on cue, each of their leaders stepped forward to face one another. The leader from the Denali Clan slowly began to draw something from behind his back. Every member from the Zel Pack held their breath and placed their hands on the weapons ready to strike at the first sign of hostility. The Denali leader finally removed his hand fully from his back to reveal what he had in his hand, which was a perfect and docile dove. Both sides breathed a sigh of relief and quietly retreated. What does the dove symbolize? _______________________________________ The boy looked at the girl with passion in his eyes as he dropped down onto one knee. He reached for her hand as he said, I want to spend everyday of the rest of forever with you. The girl looked down at her hand to see a sparkling diamond ring glinting in the moonlight. What does the diamond ring symbolize?_____________________________________ The sun was shining brightly as the young child skipped through the meadow of daisies. The childs white sundress blended in almost perfectly with the flowers around her. She continued on skipping only coming to a stop when she heard a strange noise in close proximity. Heart pounding the girl pushed aside a bouquet of flowers and then let out a peal of laughter when she discovered that the thing that caused her momentary concern was a snow white lamb. What objects were used to symbolize innocence? ______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4. Dad cant wait for me to leave thought Jim as he crawled into bed late one evening with a sigh of defeat. Jim didnt know what else he could do he had spent everyday of the last three years of school working towards getting a full scholarship to the university of his choosing to make his father proud. Three months ago all his dreams came true when he received a letter saying he had made it. However, his father barely said a word to him after that and seemed to avoid him at all costs. When Jim woke up the next morning he vowed to not let his fathers lack of pride or love influence his day. On his way down to breakfast Jim heard his father say, Son, can you come outside for a moment? Jim slowly trudged outside to find a gleaming red truck sitting in the driveway. Jims father said, It has taken me months but

2.

3.

I built this truck for you from the ground up and I finally finished early this morning. I hope that you can use it to visit your mother and me on your breaks from your fancy new school. Jim looked at his father with tears in his eyes and said, Sure thing Dad. What does the truck symbolize?__________________________________________

Symbolism 1. Amanda flung herself onto her bed as tears dripped down her face. She always thought that she and Ben would be together forever. That was until Ben dropped the bombshell of information on her earlier that day about having feelings for someone else. Amanda turned over onto her side and through her watery eyes she saw the roses that Ben had sent her for her birthday the week before. When she first received them they had been a brilliant red but now they were dulling in color and withered. As she watched a single petal untangled itself from the bouquet and fell to the floor. What did the flowers symbolize when Amanda first received them and what did they symbolize at the end? ________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 3. Tibby ran away from her assailant, her heart pumping faster than any heart should be able to. She skidded to a halt when she came to a fork in the road barely hesitating before choosing the pathway to her right, not noticing the dead end sign hidden behind overgrown shrubbery. When she came to the end of the dark alley with nowhere else to run Tibby let out a scream of frustration. Within a minute the perpetrator caught up to her. She could see his blood red eyes burning into her and his sharp teeth glinting in the moonlight. The last thing Tibby heard was the sound of a crow circling above. What objects were used to symbolize danger/evil?___________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 4. Lena struggled with the wrapping paper on the small box as her best friend Sam looked on. Sams impatience got the best of her and she grabbed the box out of Lenas hands and opened the box for her. Nestled inside of the box on a bed of tissue paper was a intricately braided bracelet. Lena looked up and said, Oh, Sam, it is so pretty! Thank you so much! Sam blushed with happiness and said, I made it myself and, look, I am wearing one just like it so when we are apart at college next year we can remember each other. What does the bracelet symbolize?__________________________________________ Everyone in the class stood up at the same time and faced the flag before saying the Pledge of Allegiance.

5.

What does the flag symbolize? ____________________________________________ 6. Dawn was just breaking and the sun was just stretching across the horizon the morning that I was born. Mom said that I was the most beautiful baby that she had ever seen, but I think that she might be just a little bit biased. The day that they brought me home my parents planted a tree in the front yard that was no bigger than a kitten. Thirteen years later that tree has grown bigger than thirteen kittens! What objects were used to symbolize life?___________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

Foreshadowing
One fine summer day, Grasshopper was hopping about in the field. As he chirped and danced, he spied Ant carrying a big kernel of corn to his nest. Grasshopper watched as Ant came back, lifted another kernel, then carried it to the nest as well. This happened repeatedly. Finally, Grasshopper asked, "Ant, why do you work so hard on such a lovely day?" "Soon it will be winter," replied Ant. "I'm gathering food for my family. I suggest you do the same!" "Why bother about winter?" asked Grasshopper. "There's plenty of food in the fields now!" Ant remembered last winter and how deep snow had covered everything. There had been no way to get out of his anthill, let alone try to find food! Now, an even worse winter was predicted. "You'll feel differently when the big snow comes!" said Ant, as he shook his head and walked away. When winter came, Grasshopper had no food. The fields were covered with deep snow. Grasshopper was very hungry and sad, knowing that Ant had food enough because he had worked hard to prepare in advance. Which best foreshadowed what might happen in the story? a. Grasshopper hopped about in the field.

b. c. d.

An even worse winter was predicted. Ant walked away.

Grasshopper chirped. Based on the story, which do you predict could NOT happen? a. Grasshopper begs Ant for just a small bit of food.

b. c. d.

Ant feels sorry for Grasshopper and gives him food. Grasshopper digs under the snow and finds lots of food. Grasshopper gets weaker without any food.

For each of the following statements write what you think they might foreshadow :
Nothing could go wrong on such a perfect day. Or so I, in my childlike innocence thought. Mom: But George, do you think the children will be safe without Nana? Dad: Safe? Of course theyll be safe. Why wouldnt they be? A character says, It would be a bad idea to break any laws at this point in time.

A character in the story behaves in an odd and irregular way and complains constantly that he has a headache.

In the beginning of a movie, a woman is traveling by ship. She stares out at the ocean, daydreaming. As she stares, she hums the tune, Yo Ho, A Pirates life for me.

The Cruiser was crammed, packed to the very roof with coolers, fishing rods, and all manner of gearboxes of food, jugs of water, gasoline. Even an extra propeller. . . . We needed to be self-sufficient on Sweet Friday Island and each of the items was absolutely vital to survival.

Foreshadowing
Fall of the House of Usher
During a dull, dark, and soundless day in autumn, I was passing alone, on horseback, through a dreary tract of country. At length I found myself within view of the melancholy House of Usher. With the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom spread through me. I looked upon the house and its bleak walls with vacant eye-like windows and a few white trunks of decayed trees with utter depression. What was it, I paused to think, that so unnerved me about the House of Usher? Summarize _______________________________________________________________________________________ I reined my horse to the steep brink of a black mirror-like mountain lake that lay by the house. I looked down with a shudder upon the inverted images of the gray marsh plants, ghastly tree stems, and vacant eye-like windows. Nevertheless, in this gloomy mansion I intended to spend some weeks. Its owner, Roderick Usher, had been one of my close companions in boyhood, but many years had elapsed since our last meeting. Summarize _______________________________________________________________________________________ I called to mind the letter I had lately received from Roderick that indicated an uneasiness. He had spoken of an illness, a mental disorder, that depressed him. He also expressed an earnest hope that if he were to see me, his best friend, it would both cheer him up and improve his health. It had been his straightforward manner and truthfulness about the situation that compelled me to honor his request without hesitation. Summarize _______________________________________________________________________________________ As boys, we had been even closer, yet I knew very little of my friend. He had always been quite shy and not forthcoming about his situation. I was, of course, aware that for generations his family had been noted for its somewhat peculiar temperament and involvement in the arts, although more often the unusual rather than the typical styles of art and music. I had learned, too, that in the minds of the peasantry, over the centuries, the family had always been thought a bit strange. According to the local people, both the mansion and the family were referred to as "The House of Usher." Summarize _______________________________________________________________________________________ Now, I was here, looking down into the mountain pool. I again lifted my eyes to the house itself from its image in the pool, and scanned the building more closely. The years of weather had discolored the stonework. Minute molds overspread the exterior, hanging from the masonry in a fine tangled web. No portion of the walls had fallen but there was a great inconsistency between the overall look and the crumbling condition of individual stones. It reminded me of old woodwork that rots for many years, with no breakage. Perhaps the eye of a more observant person might have seen a barely visible split, which extended from the front roof of the building down the wall in a zigzag direction, until it became lost in the dark waters of the mountain pool! I, obviously, did not! Summarize _______________________________________________________________________________________

Which of these is NOT an example of foreshadowing in the selection? a. a sense of insufferable gloom b. the curve of a lake c. gray and dark marsh plants d. a barely visible split in the wall Which of the following is an example of foreshadowing? a. that it's an autumn day b. A man is wearing pants

c. that the side of the house has a split d. that the narrator's riding a horse Based on the selection, which do you predict could NOT happen? a. The narrator finds that Roderick is sick and needs his help. b. The narrator finds things inside the House of Usher as creepy as on the outside! c. The narrator worries about his own safety in the House of Usher. d. The narrator has a pleasant, uneventful stay at the House of Usher.

Static or Dynamic
Tell which characters are static or dynamic in the following:
Emma Growing up with an ailing father but no mother, spoiled and sometimes snooty (but always loveable) Emma Woodhouse finds amusement in matchmaking with little regard for consequence. Through all her meddling, Emma discovers a lot about herself and about an unrealized love! Diary of a Wimpy Kid Greg is a conflicted soul: he wants to do the right thing, but the constant quest for status and girls seems to undermine his every effort. His attempts to prove his worthiness in the popularity race (he estimates he's currently ranked 52nd or 53rd) are constantly foiled by well-meaning parents, a younger and older brother, and nerdy friends. No matter how hard he tries Greg cant stop being a wimpy kid Hatchet When the pilot of a small, two-person plane has a heart attack and dies, Brian has to crash land in the forest of a Canadian wilderness. He has little time to realize how alone he is, because he is so busy just trying to survive. And learning to survive, to plan on food not just for a day but until, and if, he is rescued, only begins when he stops pitying himself and understands that no one can help him. Complainin Jack This morning my old jack-in-the-box Popped out and wouldnt get back-in-the-box. He cried, Hey, theres a tack-in-the-box, And its cutting me through and through. There also is a crack-in-the-box, And I never find a snack-in-the-box, And sometimes I hear a quack-in-the-box, Cause a duck lives in here too. Complain, complain is all he did I finally had to close the lid. Hansel and Gretel In the story Hansel and Gretel two young children are left to fend for themselves in a dangerous forest. They cant believe their luck when they come across a house made completely out of candy and quickly begin to snack on it. The evil witch who lives inside is not at all pleased and captures both children. She holds them hostage until Hansel and Gretel devise a plan to overtake the witch. The witch dies just as evil as the day she was born while Hansel and Gretel learn valuable lessons to keep themselves safe.

Cinderella Once upon a time there was a beautiful young girl named Cinderella. Cinderella lives with her evil stepmother and stepsisters who force her to clean day and night. After many harrowing adventures Cinderella meets her prince charming and lives happily ever after, while her evil family is forced to become cleaning women for the kingdom.

Tone/Mood
1. Dana grinned malevolently. His teeth were nubby and yellow, like an old barn dogs. Kneeling on Roys Chest, He hauled back to hit him again. The authors tone is: o Romantic back of his beck, this time drawing blood. There was a final, ear splitting scream from the demon behind him The authors tone is: o Uplifting

o o o

Hostile/Angry Solemn/Serious Excited

o o o

Horrified Unbiased Grieving

2.

Wed gone a quarter mile down the trail when we ran into a man walking the wrong way. He had a pack on back- a full, towering, overstuffed pack- and he was sweating hard. His breath sounded like a bellows. I stepped aside to let him pass. I stared. I knew that he was one of the ones who wouldnt make it up to the summit, that he would quit right here at the start. I thought to myself, Why waste so much of your time? The authors tone is: o Unbiased

5.

Bouncing into the room, she lit up the vicinity with a joyous glow on her face as she told about her fianc and their wedding plans. The authors tone is: o Unbiased Excited Bursting through the door, the flustered mother screamed uncontrollably at the innocent teacher who gave her child an F. The authors tone is: o Romantic

o o o
3.

Amused Disapproving Loving

o o

Amused

6.

It sounds clichd But at times like this, I miss my dad. I mean, I dont remember himHe died of cancer when I was three Pictures Are all thats left. The authors tone is: o Romantic

o o o

Hostile/Angry Solemn/Serious Excited

7.

o o o
4.

Amused Grieving Informative

Gently smiling, the mother tenderly tucked the covers up around the childs neck, and carefully, quietly, left the room making sure to leave a comforting ray of light shining through the opened door should the child wake. The authors tone is: o Unbiased

He heard another screech and smelled the creatures foul breath. He felt his strength giving out, while the bony fingers pulling at him seemed to grow stronger. The jaws snapped at the

o o o

Amused Disapproving Loving

8.

She huddled in the corner, clutching her tattered blanket and shaking convulsively, as she feverishly searched the room for the unknown dangers that awaited her. The authors tone is: o Unbiased

o o o

Amused Disapproving Terrifying

edifice, the door of which was heavily timbered with oak, and studded with iron spikes. The authors tone is: o Serious/ Solemn o Enthusiastic o Uplifting o Unbiased

9. A throng of bearded men, in sad-colored garments, and gray steeple-crowned hats, intermixed with women, some wearing hoods and others bareheaded, was assembled in front of a wooden

Point of View
1. Fred the freshman is thinking about asking Sarah to the dance, but he is nervous because he is a freshman. Sarah knows that Fred is going to ask her to the dance. She already has a date, and she will break his little heart. Sarah was looking at him in the hallway because he had on a bright green shirt and red socks. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient I am nervous, but I think I will ask Sarah to the dance. I am nervous because I am a freshman and Sarah is a senior. Everyone has told me that she will never go to the dance with me, but I am going to take a chance. I think I saw her looking at me yesterday in the hallway. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient Fred the freshman is nervous because he is thinking about asking Sarah to the dance. He is nervous because he is a freshman and Sarah is a senior. Everyone has told me that she will never go to the dance with me, but I am going to take a chance, said Fred the freshman. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient Then he looked behind him and saw that no land was visible. That makes no difference, he thought. I can always come in on the glow from Havana. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient

2.

3.

4.

5. John couldnt believe what he was seeing. He thought the flash of bright, red light that streaked across the sky mightve been
lightning. Rubbing his eyes, he looked a second time and realized, as it flashed in the same place again, that it wasnt, nor was it a figment of his imagination. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient

6. I remember standing in that small, dimly lit room. There was no air circulation. Each breath I took felt like a mass of congealed soup
slipping into my lungs. The ripe smell in the air lingered around; silently mocking and tormenting me with its invisible tendrils of death and decay. My mind forced me to look away, yet my eyes kept gravitating back with an impossible will of their own. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient 7. 8. John laughed hollowly. Youre joking, he said, wondering how on earth he would ever get over this. Veronica shook her head slowly. Her heart was breaking at having to tell him this news. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient We were walking down the street when all of a sudden a huge clap of thunder rumbled in the sky, causing us all to jump three feet in the air. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient Lady Eleanor was beautiful, witty, well-educated, and extremely proud of her place in the world. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient

9.

10. Thomas continued to run until he knew for certain that he was safe. When he finally stopped to glance back towards the grotesque figure he could still hear the creatures terrifying roar. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient 11. I wish that I was never born! screamed Jenny as she slammed the door in her mothers face. She was so tired of having to follow her stupid rules day after day. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient 12. Ive never been this happy I said to Will as I slid into his waiting arms. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient 13. So the men fetched shovels and hastily began to fling earth over the carcass. None of them could tell what it looked like; as they worked to bury it, they got into argument, because the creature looked different to each pair of eyes. First Person Third Person Limited Third Person Omniscient

Inferences
1. James licked the final square, posted it at the top corner of the envelope and dropped it in the large blue box. He hoped it would get there in time. Nobody likes a late birthday message. What is James doing? ____________________________________________________________ 2. I just cant figure them out. Sometimes I get so frustrated. Like when I ask the file to save, and I come back and hour later and it has erased my paper. Those are the things that just irritate me. I also cant stand all these goofy names, mouse, web surfing, who ever made up such nonsense. What is frustrating this man? __________________________________________________________ 3. Maurice loved the feeling of being launched at such fast speeds. He looked forward to the twists and turns, and the upside down loops. The park had gotten so expensive that his family could only afford to go once a year, so Maurice would count down the days until he could feel his hair blowing in the wind as he raced around the track. Where does Maurices family go once a year? _____________________________________________ 4. Of all the chores Tavon had around the house, it was his least favorite. Folding the laundry was fine, doing the dishes, that was alright. But he couldnt stand hauling the large bags over to the giant silver canisters. He hated the smell and the possibility of rats. It was disgusting. What chore does Tavon hate? __________________________________________________________ 5. The campers sat at the campfire, laughing and having a good time when a strange noise came from the woods. The campers suddenly became silent and sat very still as they could hear a rustling in the bushes. They had heard that bears were known to have lived around this area and therefore began to panic. Suddenly, the creature appeared from the bushes. It was hardly a bear. In fact the large whiskers, twitching nose, and floppy ears couldnt have scared anyone. What is the animal that visits the camp? ____________________________________________________ 6. He gave a speech in front of a boisterous crowd. Flags were perched all along the pulpit and he talked about what could be done to improve the lives of everyday Americans. Only a few months later he would be sworn into office, promising to work hard to lead America.

Who is this person giving the speech? _______________________________________________________ 7. He loved all the characters. That was the best part of the show. Homer, Marge, Bart, they all made him laugh. It was nice to sit down, smile, and not worry about a thing after a long day of working. What show does this person watch to relax? _________________________________________________ 8. To be or not to be, that is the question, he would recite those famous words from his favorite playwright. He loved Hamlet, and Mac Beth, but his favorite, well his favorite had to be A Midsummer Nights Dream. Who is this persons favorite playwright? _____________________________________________________

Learn From My Fail

For each of the following you need to infer

What mistake (fail) the person has made. -OrWhat has happened as a result of the mistake (fail).
2. If your wife has currently been taking self defense classes, never run into the house wearing a mask and trying to scare her. #LFMF When your wife has spent two hours cooking dinner for you, do not say, "Aw man, they got pizza," with jealousy in your voice when the pizza delivery guy pulls up next door. #LFMF When doing a craft project, if your hot glue gun slips off the work table, don't try to catch it. #LFMF When there's a chair in the doorway, simply set it aside instead of vaulting over it. Doorframes are lower than they appear. #LFMF When refilling a Zippo lighter with fuel, make sure all the fluid is off your hands before testing the lighter. #LFMF When explaining to someone about the Shake Weight commercials, be sure the water bottle you're using as a visual aid is securely closed. #LFMF When explaining to someone about the Shake Weight commercials, be sure the water bottle you're using as a visual aid is securely closed. #LFMF Never punch your pillow as hard as you can in frustration when your little sister put your pet rock under there to "keep it warm". #LFMF

3.

4. 5.

6. 7.

8.

9.

10. When using the oven at someone else's house, it's best to look inside before turning it on. Some people use it to store all their Tupperware. #LFMF 11. When playing your brand new $1,000 guitar, make sure that the strap is actually on before you let go of it to answer the phone. 12. If your arm has been spasming first thing in the morning, do not attempt to shave. #LFMF 13. If you know you have a weak bladder, its better to watch scary movies in the privacy of your own home. #LFMF

Conflict
c) 1. Jim and Mac disagreed about where they should take the dog they found. a) internal b) external c) both Carly struggled to walk through the hot, blowing sand. a) internal b) external c) both Sarah couldn't decide what to do that night. Should she study or should she go out? a) internal b) external c) both In the high winds, the crew was barely able to keep the ship from tilting sideways. a) internal b) external c) both Hector thought, "Why did I ever agree to be in this play? I'll never have the nerve to act in front of an audience." a) internal b) external c) both After MaryAnne's brother had teased her about being afraid, she decided to climb the cliff. Now she stood at the foot of the cliff, wishing she could figure out a way to back out. a) internal b) external both

7.

2.

When Darren began hanging out with an excon, the whole town turned against him. a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature Alone in the wilderness with wolves closing in, how will Jordan survive? a) Self b) Society d) Character e) Nature

8.

3.

4.

9. Johns blood boiled with rage when he

realized that his computer was overheating AGAIN. He was never going to get his paper printed out on time for class now. a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature 10. When Johnny finally admitted to Cush that he taught him the Gettysburg address wrong, they argued bitterly. a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature

5.

6.

11. John sat and thought about his options all night. Should he save Barlett or not? a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature 12. As rain fell from the sky and soaked into the Earth it created mud puddles the size of craters that made it near impassible. a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature

13.

Jake couldnt believe how stupid he was. While driving he was texting his girlfriend and caused a major wreck. a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature If we dont find shelter by sundown I guarantee that the vampires WILL find us! screamed Katherine. a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature

14.

Conflict
1.I

wish that I could stop being so depressed all the time, sighed Annie. a) Self b) Society c) Technology/Supernatural d) Character e) Nature
3.

a) b) c) d)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature 5.

a) b) c) d)
4.

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature

a) b) c) d)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature

6.

a) b) c) d)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature 8.

a) b) c) d)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature 7. a) b) c) d) e) Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character Nature

Conflict
31.

a) b) c) d)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature 32.

a) b) c) d)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature 33.

35.

a) b) c) d) 34.

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature

a) b) c) d) 36.

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature

a) b) c) d)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character e) Nature

a) b) c) d) e)

Self Society Technology/Supernatural Character Nature

Root Words
For each sentence, below, the Greek/ Latin root and meaning are provided. The sentences use a variation of the root word. Use a dictionary to look up the words that are unfamiliar to you. Then, fill in the blanks from the word bank for each sentence. 1. Verto = turn A. Create a(n) ___________________ so the teacher doesnt see my surprise! B. The old man ________________to his former ways and began smoking again. C. The quiet student is a(n) ____________________; he never speaks to anyone. D. The Chevy _______________________ drove in the rain with the top down. E. I have a(n) ______________________ to insects; I stay away from them. aversion introvert reverted convertible diversion 2. Scio = know

A. His _______________ wouldnt let him lie; he confessed about the crime. B. In ________________, we are studying biology, electricity, and cells. C. The worker was ______________________ after his fall from the tower. D. People say dreams are thoughts we have in our ___________________ minds. E. Theater goers should be _________________________ and throw away their trash in the appropriate receptacles. unconscious conscientious science conscience subconscious 3. Phobos = fear A. If you are afraid of something, you have a(n) _________________. B. Locked in a closet as a child, she has fear of close spaces, _______________. C. The boy was afraid of anyone from other countries; hes a(n) _______________. D. A fear of open spaces, such as golf courses, is called ___________________. E. She has an aversion to water; this is called_____________________. agoraphobia hydrophobia xenophobe claustrophobia phobia 4. Caput = head A. He is the ____________________ of the ship, in charge of everyone here. B. We are not supposed to wear baseball _______________ in school. C. The head of government for a state is located in the city that is the _________. D. The heading of a chapter, newspaper, or picture is called the _____________. E. A tax levied per head, or a fee for each individual, is called ______________. capitation capital caps captain caption 5. Acta = things done A. What was your _______________ to the movie we saw in history? B. The Supreme Court took _________________ in the Brown v. Board case. C. The drivers created a(n) _____________________ of the crash. D. The woman deposited her money into vault, completing the ______________. E. She could not ___________________ her credit card until she called it in. action reaction reenactment transaction activate

14 What does the word inducement mean in paragraph 3? F amusement G involvement H encouragement J treatment Context Clues ___________ ___________________ What would a chance at money make you feel about entering a context? ______________________________

23 Which of these topics would qualify for the History Fair Competition? A How Pioneers Settled the American West B The Impact of Riverboats on American Trade C The Effect of Climate Change on American Life D How Teachers Shaped American Education

Prove your answer ________________________ ________________________________________ _

15 Read this sentence from the flier. What does the word obsolete mean in this sentence? Projects should focus on past technology that may have become less commonly employed or even obsolete in its original form but has evolved into something that is still meaningful today. A in superior condition B disabled or destroyed C dull and uninteresting D out of general use Context clues ___________________ ___________________ _______________________ 16 Read this sentence from the flier. What does the word critique mean in this sentence? A committee of Thornton teachers will critique materials and provide feedback F award a grade to G add information to H make a judgment of J revise the order of Context clues ___________________ ___________________

________________________

17 The reader may best conclude that one important goal of the History Fair Competition is for students to A perform in front of an audience B participate in a national competition C learn to follow detailed instructions D realize the importance of technology Explain your answer _________________________________________________________________________ 18 Under the heading Category Requirements, which organizational pattern is used to present information? F Spatial layout G Concept/definition H Order of importance J Comparison/contrast Explain your answer _________________________________________________________________________ 19 Based on the Important Dates section, the reader may best infer that contestants are encouraged to A research historical eras to ensure that people are portrayed accurately B begin work early and produce several drafts of their work C ask a history teacher to supply an interesting topic D improvise a performance for the committee preview What things are included under this section? ___________________________________________________________________ 20 The flier encourages students to participate in the History Fair Competition because it provides an opportunity to F experiment with new technologies G work closely with teachers H enjoy a fun learning experience J discover facts about the community Prove your answer with facts ____________________________________________________________________________ 21 Before submitting an entry, a student who made a 15-minute documentary would have to A add computer graphics that explain the topic B decide which information can be removed C revise the opening to include a title D dramatize scenes with dialogue Look under the documentary heading for proof _________________________________________________________________

24 The What Can You Do? section is meant to F explain the papers policies and procedures G show samples of student-written news articles H provide examples of possible newspaper jobs J help students improve their writing abilities What is included under this section? _____________________ ____________________________________________________ 27 The purpose of this flier is to A encourage students to write more often B persuade students to buy the school paper C inform students of upcoming school events D recruit students to work on the school paper Is this a (circle one) Story Article

The reader may best infer that the Northfield School News and Notes A does include materials written by teachers and staff B does not charge students for copies of the paper C does publish a variety of material that interests students D does not allow sixth and seventh graders on the staff Explain your answer ___________________________________

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29 In the section just before Requirements, what does the word Anonymous mean? A not well written B late or incomplete C name not given D written by hand Context clues _________________________- _________________________- _________________________ 28 Which question is answered in the Photography section? F What types of photographs does the newspaper need? G Do students need previous photography experience? H Do students need to have their own camera equipment? J How many photographers does the newspaper need? What is the question ____________________________________________________________________________ 30 The tone of this flier is F cautionary G persuasive H supportive J appreciative Is this a (circle one) Story

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32 What is the most likely reason Mrs. James requires a letter of application? F To find out how well students follow instructions G To verify that students are making good grades H To avoid unnecessary meetings J To evaluate students skills and interests Explain your answer _____________________________________________________________________________________ 34 Complete the following analogy. Photograph is to picture___________________________________________ F haiku is to poem___________________________________________ G ticket is to concert___________________________________________ H report is to event___________________________________________ J job is to volunteer___________________________________________ What do each of the above have in common 26 A student interested in the Reviews section of this flier probably enjoys F attending different school academic events G reading books and watching movies H attending school athletic events J taking photos and writing poetry What is your proof? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 33 The reader may best infer that special assignments A involve using the schools camera equipment B are usually reserved for experienced staff members C often require additional planning and preparation D require a team of student reporters working together Explain your answer _____________________________________________________________________________________

Context Clues
1. Sheila's incredulous attitude frustrated the rest of us because we were trying to tell her the truth about her best friend. In this sentence, the word incredulous means innocent unbelieving 2. formal violent

Becky had an innate ability to play the piano. She had never taken a lesson, yet she was able to play the most complicated songs. In this sentence, the word innate means natural learned trained unnatural

3.

Tara was always obedient in school while her twin, Tommy, was constantly insubordinate. In this sentence, the word insubordinate means disobedient well-behaved following obedient

4.

My body was still quivering after my brother jumped out from behind the bush to scare me. In this sentence, the word quivering means laughing screaming settling trembling or shaking

5.

The professor was a favorite among the students at the college. His sagacity was helpful to them as they pursued their degrees. The professor was known to use his experience, insight, and common sense to help students pursue their education. In this sentence, the word sagacity means silliness thoughtlessness negligence wisdom

6.

We could tell by the rotten smell, that something putrid was in our trash can. In this sentence, the word putrid means appealing ample rotten alive

7.

We had to vacate the building when the tornado siren sounded because no one could be left inside. In this sentence, the word vacate means assemble obey destroy leave empty

8.

The lead dog was so incompetent that he had to be replaced by one that was more useful to the pack. In this sentence, the word incompetent means useless accurate intact adventurous

Context Clues
16. The new speaker from the health clinic was so inarticulate that all of us left the auditorium wondering what the message was. In this sentence, the word inarticulate means cowardly full of anger 17. unclearly spoken conflicted

Even from far away, the luminous glow of the city's lights could be seen against the dark sky. In this sentence, the word luminous means invisible dark black bright

18.

We saw a documentary on television where an antelope was slain, or killed, by a lion. In this sentence, the word slain means killed teased ate bothered

19.

Though the ephemeral thunderstorm lasted only a short time, it damaged homes and knocked down trees. In this sentence, the word ephemeral means lengthy long lasting brief or short

20.

Vicissitudes, such as circumstances, developments, or journeys in life, can change a person forever. In this sentence, the word vicissitudes means vacations life experiences families

21.

Thespians, such as Tom Cruise, George Lopez, and Hilary Duff, star in movies and television shows. In this sentence, the word thespians means fans actor or performer audience members

22.

Many people from the Orient are very careful not to cause ignominy, or dishonor, to their families. In this sentence, the word ignominy means dishonor problems culture harm

23.

If we don't collaborate on the plan, it will never work because too many of us won't work together. In this sentence, the word collaborate means work together socialize

harm 24.

friendly

The artist worked meticulously on the sculpture of the bear to make it look as realistic as

Signs of Change
1 Jason knelt and examined the winter grass on the baseball field. Yes, there it was, a small strand of green mixed with the yellow and brown blades. He reached out and lightly touched it. Finally, the first signs that spring had arrived. He gazed out at the field, his eyes gravitating to the spot where his teams season had ended last year. It was his spot, second base. 2 Jason could almost hear the slap of leather from baseballs popping into gloves as he remembered warming up with his teammates for the big playoff game. The stands behind him had been a sea of parents, teachers, and fellow students. They were there to watch the Northglenn Knights take on the West Hills Hornets. The winner would play for the citys Junior League Championship. The buzz of the crowd and the chatter of the players filled the air, putting a bounce in everyones step. Jason felt wonderful, joking with his teammates, waving at people in the crowd. He was even bantering lightheartedly with the other team, keeping up small talk. As usual, he was generally clowning around, going through the warm-up drills at half-speed, showing off by making catches behind his back and flipping balls to his teammates. 3 Knock it off, Jason, Coach Fowler warned. As usual, Jason paid little attention. He was the Knights best player and knew Coach wouldnt put him on the bench in a playoff game. Besides, it had been that way all season. Jason didnt really do anything wrong; he just didnt try as hard as the other players. He didnt need to try because he had what the coach called natural talent. 4 He was shocked when Coach Fowler announced the starting lineup and left Jason sitting on the bench. Never fear, he told himself, Coach is just trying to teach me a lesson. Jason was confident he would get into the game soon. As the game progressed, though, Jason began to worry. Maybe Coach Fowler had finally had enough. 5 As the Knights came to bat for the last time, Coach Fowler called Jason. Grab a bat, he instructed. You go in for Reuben, he added, nodding toward Jasons teammate. Hes not feeling well right now. 6 Dont worry, Coach, Jason said. Ill get a hit. 7 Jason, Coach Fowler warned, keep your focus. The team is counting on you. When it came his turn to bat, Jason forgot Coachs words. He strutted up to the plate, grinned, and gave a thumbs-up sign to the cheering crowd. Despite his antics, Jason hit a ball that allowed two of his teammates to score, putting the Knights in the lead. 8. I dont even need to play the whole game to help us win, Jason thought as the team took the field. Three more outs and the Knights would go to the championship. The first two outs came easily. The Knights pitcher struck out the first batter. The second batter hit a high pitch, and the catcher caught it for the second out. The third batter hit one to left field and made it to first base. Then came the play that had seared Jasons memory like a red-hot coal. He had been looking into the crowd for his friends, when . . . Thwack! The fourth batter connected. As Jason looked back, he saw the ball coming at him fast. No problem, he whispered. He put out his glove, already dreaming about the championship. Then to his surprise, the ball sailed over his glove into the outfield, rolling all the way to the fence. The outfielder chased it down and threw it to the catcher, but it was too late. Both Hornet players had scored, and the Knights season was over. 9 Jason had felt terrible. He knew he had not concentrated, and he had let his team down. He had promised himself that the next season would be different. Besides apologizing to his coach and teammates, he had worked hard to improve his skills. In addition to helping Coach Fowler clean and check the equipment, he had volunteered to work in the park, tending the field and cleaning and painting the bleachers. Never before had he considered all the people who worked hard and gave their time so that he and his friends could play on a first-rate field. 10 Jason finally began to understand what it meant to be part of a team. He helped raise money for uniforms and equipment by working at car washes and bake sales, activities he had always avoided in the past. All the while he counted the days on the calendar, staring out at the winter grass on the field. 11 Now, at last, a few blades were pushing their way through the hard, cold ground. Jason felt his spirits soar. He couldnt wait for the new season to begin. He was so focused on the grass that he hadnt noticed Coach Fowler walk up behind him. Wont be long now, Coach Fowler said. 12 Jason looked up. It sure was a long winter, he said, looking back at the field. 13 Yes, it was, Coach Fowler said, but Im seeing signs of change. When Jason looked up again, though, Coach Fowler wasnt looking at the new spring grass. He was looking at Jason.

Story: Author:

Story Structure: Exposition / Setting

Definition Introduction to the story; gives information about setting (place and time) and characters

* * * *

Protagonist Antagonist Minor Characters Inciting Force: Conflict:

The main character The character or force that opposes the protagonist Characters who take little part in dialogue or action; they help move the story along An event that triggers the conflict Two characters or forces pitted against each other

* * * * * *_____________vs. *_____________ *_____________vs. *_____________ *_____________vs. *_____________

Rising Action:

Events that occur from the time of the inciting force until the climax

* * * *

Climax:

The point of no return; conflict is most intense; moment of highest

Falling Action:

interest and most intense emotion All of the events in the story after the climax

* * *

Resolution: Foreshadowing:

The conclusion of the story (what is the result?) Hints or clues that suggest what will happen later in the story

* * Hints that *

Irony:

Situational irony is when something happens that is the opposite of what is expected The feeling(s) evoked by a piece of literature A person place or object that has meaning in itself but suggests other meanings as well Main ideas or life lessons from literature The view from which the story is told Dynamic Changes Static Stays the same

* This is ironic because * * * symbolizes* * *

Mood/tone: Symbolism

Themes:

Point of View: Static and Dynamic Characters

* *

Summarize the story just read:

1 What does the word bantering mean in paragraph 2? A chatting B practicing C disagreeing D competing What context clues helped you answer this question? 1. ________________________ 2. __________________ 3._____________________________ 4._________________________ 5. ________________________ 2 The italics in the story are primarily used in order to A emphasize the coachs instructions B highlight unfamiliar baseball terms C create the voice of the announcer D identify the main characters thoughts Write down the italic words that are used _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Which excerpt from paragraph 2 contains a metaphor? F Jason could almost hear the slap of leather . . . G The stands behind him had been a sea of parents . . . H The winner would play for the citys . . . J Jason felt wonderful, joking with his teammates . . . What is a metaphor? _________________________________________________________________________ What two things are being compared ________________________ & _________________________________ 4 The author uses third-person limited point of view because F Jasons thoughts provide the main conflict G Jasons actions are not important to the plot H Coachs thoughts can be expressed by dialogue J Coachs actions are not important to the theme What is third-person limited?__________________________________________________________________ Whos thoughts are we hearing? _______________________________________________________________ 5 How will Jason most likely be described in the upcoming baseball season? A Dedicated _______________________________________________________ B Courageous_______________________________________________________ C Generous_______________________________________________________ D Patient_______________________________________________________ On the line provided define each of the above words Why does the answer you chose describe Jasons thoughts on the baseball season? (use quotes!) _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _

_________________________________________________________________________________________ _ 6 Which sentence best shows that Jason intentionally ignores Coach Fowlers warnings? F As the game progressed, though, Jason began to worry. G He strutted up to the plate, grinned, and gave a thumbs-up sign to the cheering crowd. H As Jason looked back, he saw the ball coming at him fast. J Besides apologizing to his coach and teammates, he had worked hard to improve his skills. What was Coach Fowlers warning?____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ 7 Which is most important to the structure of the story? A Irony_______________________________________________________ B Flashback_______________________________________________________ C Setting_______________________________________________________ D Foreshadowing_______________________________________________________ On the line provided define each of the above words Where do you see an example of your chosen answer in the story? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ 8 What does this story suggest is most important to Coach Fowler? F Talent G Style H Cooperation J Strength Why did you choose your answer? (Give factual proof) _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ 9 The author includes details about baseball in paragraph 8 to A explain the game B create humor C develop the characters D build suspense Why did you choose your answer? (Give factual proof) _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ 10 Why does Coach Fowler decide to put Jason in the game? F The team has begun to lose the game. G Jason has finally focused on the game.

H One of the players has started to feel sick. J Jason has promised to stop clowning around. Why did you choose your answer? (Give factual proof) _________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _

Match the following 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. _____inter _____uni _____ee _____ette/et _____mal _____ab _____ian/ion _____im _____in

prefixes/suffixes to the correct definition.

a. one, single, alone b. inclined to c. from; away from d. bad; badly e. state or quality of being f. one who is g. between; among h. small one i. in, into; opposite of j. in, into; opposite of

10. _____ive

11. Knowing the meaning of the suffix ette/et helps you understand that kitchenette means a. the state or quality of being a kitchen b. inclined to be a kitchen c. a small kitchen d. one, single kitchen 12. Knowing the meaning of the prefix ab- helps you understand that abnormal means a. to be among normal people b. from or away from the normal c. between normal situations d. inclined to be normal 13. Knowing the meaning of the suffix ive helps you understand that creative means a. one who creates b. opposite of creating c. from; away from creating d. inclined to create 14. Knowing the meaning of the prefix inter- helps you understand that interact means a. to act or discuss among a group b. to act badly c. to act from or away from a group d. to act alone

15. Knowing the meaning of the prefix mal- helps you understand that maladjusted means a. to be badly adjusted b. to adjust between situations c. to adjust alone d. the opposite of adjusted 16. Knowing the meaning of the suffix -ian/ion helps you understand that starvation means a. tending to starve b. the state of being starved c. one who is starving d. inclined to starve

Match the following words with their definitions. Use the word 17. _____agronomist 18. _____circumscribe 19. _____equality 20. _____pedestrian 21. _____hydrologist 22. _____solitude 23. _____sensitive 24. _____spectator 25. _____audible 26. _____psychology

root to help determine the meaning.

a. loud enough to be heard b. the state of being alone c. one who looks on or watches d. one who works or deals with the raising of crops or land e. the science or study of the mind f. one who works with the properties of water on and below the surface of the land g. going on foot h. to draw a line around i. easily or strongly affecting the feelings of j. the quality or state of being equal

Match the following word roots with their meanings. 27. _____corp 28. _____luna 29. _____bene 30. _____nav 31. _____spec 32. _____hydro 33. _____sci 34. _____ped 35. _____agri 36. _____sent/sens a. ship b. field c. body d. good, well e. moon f. foot g. feel h. look, see i. water j. know

1. If cycle means circle or wheel, and bi means two, then bicycle means ____________________________________ 2. If sect means to cut, and bi means two, then bisect means ___________________________________ 3. If terra means earth or land and extra means beyond or outside, then extraterrestrial means ____________________________________ 4. If il means not and leg means to read and ible means capable of, then illegible means ______________________________

Prefixes and Suffixes

For each section, please write the letter of the definition that best matches the prefix or suffix. Please note that some of the definitions will be used more than once. Prefixes: ________ Bi- (bicycle) ________ Extra- (extraordinary) ________ Fore- (forehead) ________ Il- (illegal) ________ Im- (impossible) ________ Post- (posttest) ________ Pre- (pretest) ________ Re- (redo) ________ Un- (undo) a. after b. before, front, leading c. not d. two, halves e. again g. beyond, outside

________ Mis- (misunderstanding) f. bad, incorrect, wrong

Suffixes: ________ -able/-ible (edible) ________ -ate (irritate) ________ -er/-or (painter ________ -ful (colorful) ________ -ist (scientist) ________ -less (hopeless) ________ -ly (quickly ________ -ment (development) a. action, state of, result of b. one who c. without d. capable of e. in the manner of, f. happened in the past g. full of, characterized by h. to cause/make

________ -ion (reaction) ________ -ed (walked)

The Wall
1 Remember, said the art teacher, Mr. Ramirez, our class has volunteered to paint a mural for the school beautification project. Were looking for a few good ideas, and then well vote on the best one. Any suggestions? 2 I thought about the sketchbook in my backpack. When Mr. Ramirez announced the mural project last week, I drew my idea. Every time I went to submit it, though, my stomach tied up in knots. So each day I slipped out of class with everyone else, my sketchbook tucked away in my backpack. 3 Mr. Ramirez stood by the blackboard with a piece of chalk in his hand, waiting. The class looked around uneasily. Josh, the boy who sat across the table from me, spoke up first. Thats easy, Mr. R. You should paint me. 4 A few of Joshs friends on the opposite side of the room snickered. Others in the class rolled their eyes. 5 Seriously, Josh said. Im good-looking. Im a model student. Im well-loved by all the girls. Im a regular icon of everything this school represents. 6 You are a regular icon of modesty, Josh, said the teacher. 7 Alana Jackson raised her hand. Mr. Ramirez, she said, I have an idea that I think would represent more than just one person. She glared at Josh, then turned away. Lets make a rainbow. The colors could represent the diversity of our school. 8 As Mr. Ramirez wrote rainbow on the blackboard, Josh called out, Way to go, rainbow girl. Did you think of that all by yourself? 9 I pulled my sketchbook from my bag. The class was silent. This was my chance to speak upbut I didnt say anything. I couldnt. Instead, I buried my head in my arms. 10 Dont be upset, Josh said to me, pretty soon well have a lovely rainbow mural in the courtyard to cheer everyone up. 11 A few people had other ideas, but none reflected the whole school. The bell rang, and as everyone filed out of the room, Mr. Ramirez called out for us to keep thinking and bring more suggestions tomorrow. 12 That night at home, I opened my sketchbook and looked at my idea for the mural. I had stayed after school one day to brainstorm mural ideas that would reflect the life of our school. At first everything had seemed quiet, but then I came across some boys playing basketball behind the gym. I sketched the outline of one of the boys leaping into the air for a slam dunk. The girls softball team was practicing out in the field, so I drew the outline of my friend Maggie at bat. In the art hall, I found a girl working on a painting. I sketched another silhouette of her with canvas and brush. I also found a boy in the library with a pile of books, a few students working on a science lab, and the drama club rehearsing lines. Silhouettes of all these people wound up in my mural sketch. I thought I was finished, but as I waited for my mom in the parking lot, I saw a few boys practicing skateboard tricks across the parking lot. One of them was Josh. I added one last outline to my drawing. 13 I sat on my bed looking at the sketch. Who was I kidding? No matter how pleased I was with my idea at home, no matter how resolved I felt to share it, I always chickened out when surrounded by blackboards and classmates. How was tomorrow going to be any different? I was tired of being a spineless jellyfish, though. I packed my sketchbook in my bag and placed the bag by the door.

14 The next day, the class added a few new ideas to the list, but no one was excited by any of them. I held my sketchbook on my lap, like a soldier ready for battle. Now was the time, this was the day . . . but nothing happened. My hand didnt go up in the air. My voice didnt speak up. I just sat there. 15 After a few minutes, Mr. Ramirez looked over at me. Marianna, do you have an idea to share? 16 Me? I said. Everyone was looking. The walls were laughing at me. No, not me. Sorry. 17 I melted. It was over. For good. As Mr. Ramirez reviewed our list of ideas, I opened my sketchbook to the mural silhouettes. It didnt matter now, did it? I took a deep breath and prepared to tear the page out. 18 Hey, thats not too bad, someone said behind me. It was Josh. 19 I slammed the sketchbook shut. I had thought he was asleep. 20 Come on, he said, let me see it again. 21 I dont know why, but I handed the sketchbook to him. The next thing I knew, he winked at me and flew to the front of the room. 22 Mr. R! he announced. We have a winner! I have our mural right here! 23 I turned redder than any can of red paint. Oh, to be some kind of burrowing creature that could dig a hole and hide in the sand! 24 When Mr. Ramirez asked if this was my idea for the mural, I felt my thoughts were peeled away by my classmates stares. I sat up straight. Yes, it is, I said. 25 The class voted, and my idea was chosen for the mural. Afterward, Josh patted my shoulder. I cant believe you were going to let us get stuck with the rainbow, he said. 26 I smiled. 27 No need to thank me, he said. Its just another days work for the best-looking guy on campus!

Exposition / Setting

Introduction to the story; gives information about setting (place and time) and characters

* * * *

Protagonist Antagonist Minor Characters Inciting Force: Conflict:

The main character The character or force that opposes the protagonist Characters who take little part in dialogue or action; they help move the story along An event that triggers the conflict Two characters or forces pitted against each other

* * * * * *_____________vs. *_____________

*_____________vs. *_____________ *_____________vs. *_____________ Rising Action: Events that occur from the time of the inciting force until the climax * * * * Climax: Falling Action: The point of no return; conflict is most intense; moment of highest interest and most intense emotion All of the events in the story after the climax * * * * Resolution: Foreshadowing: The conclusion of the story (what is the result?) Hints or clues that suggest what will happen later in the story * * Hints that *

Irony:

Situational irony is when something happens that is the opposite of what is expected The feeling(s) evoked by a piece of literature A person place or object that has meaning in itself but suggests other meanings as well Main ideas or life lessons from literature

* This is ironic because * * * symbolizes* * *

Mood/tone: Symbolism

Themes:

Point of View: Static and Dynamic Characters

The view from which the story is told Dynamic Changes Static Stays the same * *

Summarize the story just read:

14 Which phrase from paragraph 12 helps the reader understand the meaning of silhouette? F I had stayed after school one day G I drew the outline of my friend H I found a girl working on a painting J I waited for my mom in the parking lot What context clues help you make this choice? 1_________________________________ 2. _______________________________ 3._______________________________________________ 13 In paragraphs 3 through 6, Josh is best described as A confident B offensive C frustrated D encouraging What clues help you make this choice? 1_______________________________________________ 2. _______________________________ 3._______________________________________________ 15 Which statement best summarizes paragraph 12? A Marianna finds inspiration for her sketch in many locations at her school. B Marianna spends a lot of time watching her classmates play basketball. C The school has students who are interested in many different things. D A variety of activities are taking place all over the school. What is P12 about? __________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 18 How would the story be different if it had been told from Mr. Ramirezs point of view? F Readers would not have known why Marianna was reluctant to share her idea. G Readers would have known more information about Mariannas family. H Readers would have known more information about Joshs behavior. J Readers would not have known how Marianna felt about Alanas suggestion. Whos point of view originally told in? __________________________________________ Who is Mr. Ramirez? ________________________________________________________________ 17 After the class votes on the mural design, Marianna probably feels A nervous B relieved C frustrated

D courageous If you were in the situation how would you feel? __________________________________________ What clues help you from the story? ____________________________________________________ 16 What is the theme of this story? F Believe in yourself. G Know when to accept help. H Understand your limitations. J Create opportunities for yourself. What is your proof and paragraph#? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________

20 Complete the following analogy. Mural is to painting as_____________________________________________________________ F color is to rainbow_____________________________________________________________ G drawing is to sketch_____________________________________________________________ H project is to idea_____________________________________________________________ J book is to library_____________________________________________________________ On the lines above say what each pair has in common. 23 Which phrase is an example of a metaphor? A I slipped out of class with everyone else B I opened my sketchbook C I also found a boy in the library D I was tired of being a spineless jellyfish What is a metaphor? ______________________________________________________ What two things are being compared? _________________________ & ______________________________ 22 Which of these is an example of personification? F Others in the class rolled their eyes. G This was my chance to speak up H The walls were laughing at me. J . . . I felt my thoughts were peeled away . . . What is personification? ____________________________________________________________________ What is being personified above? _____________________________________________________________ 21 In paragraph 5, the word icon means A religious image B loyal friend C talented comedian D recognizable figure What context clues help you make this choice? 1_________________________________ 2. _______________________________ 3._______________________________________________

Read the four incomplete sentences and the phrases to their right in each group below. Write the numeral of the sentence beside the phrase that best completes each comparison.
1. The children swarmed into the school cafeteria like______ . 12.His necktie was as bright as______ 2. The garden had a covering of snow as thick as ______ . 3. The girls in their pretty summer dresses looked like ______ . 4. The room was as dreary as ______ . 5. Bills mother said she thought the rock music sounded like______ . 6. The sound of the gypsy violins was as soothing as______ . 7. The cloud formations filling the sky looked very much like ______ . 8. She entered the room as silently as______ . 9. They bounced their conversation back and forth like______ . 10.The campers lunch disappeared as quickly as______ . 11.As the speakers voice grated on and on, it sounded more and more like _____________. Read the two poems below in which a river is described as if it were a snake, and a highway is described as if it were a thread. The River The river is a slender snake That slithers down the mountain side And slides across the valley, Looking for a place to hide. The Highway The highway is a long, white thread that loops Around the mountains, weaves through the fabric Of small towns, and unwinds in the city, Where it snarls and ties up all traffic. Read each group of four sentences below and the words above them. In each sentence something is described as if it were one of the things named above that group. Write the letter identifying the thing being compared in the space provided. Then underline the word in the sentence that is compared to it. The first one is done for you. a. rubber b. soldiers c. flagpoles d. sheep e. car _____ a. the frosting on a wedding cake ______ b. a gray winter day ______ c. a flock of hungry, chirping birds ______ d. butterflies fluttering in a garden ______ e. snow drifting down before dawn ______ f. freight trains hitting head on ______ g. puffs of cotton ______ h. the ripple of waves on the shore ______ i. a squeaky hinge on a rusty gate ______ j. air from a punctured balloon ______ k. a cardinal on a white fence post ______ l. a ping-pong ball

______ 1. A flock of fleecy white clouds was grazing along the horizon. ______ 2. The trees waved their red and orange banners to signal that fall had arrived. ______ 3. Dandelions in yellow helmets marched across their captured hillsides. ______ 4. She served fried scallops that had the texture of the insides of old golf balls. ______ 5. The young boys voice shifted gears when he started to speak. a. guitar b. caged animal c. automobile d. prison e. wall ______ 6. Winter had imprisoned them and barred the windows with icicles. ______ 7. The gusty wind strummed a tune on the clotheslines. ______ 8. The baseball coach paced up and down, alternately roaring and growling. a. pioneer b. airplane squadron c. wall d. feathers ______ 9. The drone of hornets dive-bombing a mud puddle didnt disturb the old dogs nap. ______ 10. With his pen the author blazed a trail of ideas for other minds to follow. ______ 11. A snowstorm is just a pillow fight between winter and the world

Figurative Language
Read the following story and look for exaggerations. Then answer the questions at the bottom of the page. Moon Rocks A science class at Forestville School recently took a bus trip to see a display of the first rocks brought back from the moon. Mr. Jenner, the science teacher, told the pupils to take notes about the things that seemed most important to them on the trip. When the class returned from the excursion, a lively discussion was held. Don, who wants to become a mechanic, said, The bus is so sold and rickety, I thought it would collapse into a little heap of worn-out gears and rusty bolts any minute. That unreliable rattletrap is not worth a nickel! The class clown is Tom, and nobody expected him to make a solemn speech. However, Tom surprised everyone by saying, I kept thinking of how many centuries mankind has dreamed of flying to the moon, and now, suddenly, a regular, ordinary man lands on the moon and picks up a rock and brings it back to earth. Every time I think about it, I feel like crying an ocean of tears. When Peggy described the trip, she said, Ive never seen so many people in my life. There were a million people standing in line to see the rocks. It was so hot the temperature must have been at least 150 degrees in the shade. The most serious science student in the class is Chuck. He had not seemed to notice anything except the moon rocks. In his report he said, I was so overcome when I saw the rocks I felt like my feet were rooted in the ground and that I could never pull them up and walk away. I could have stayed there looking at the rocks forever. 1. Which student exaggerated the temperature?_____________ How was the heat described?________________________________ 2. Which student felt very sad?________________ What words were used to show this feeling?______________________________ Is this an exaggeration?______________Why or why not?__________________________________________________ 3. Which student exaggerated the condition of the bus?_________ How was the value of the bus described?___________________________________ 4. Which student thought of nothing except the moon rocks?___________ What words were used to exaggerate this students reactions?________________ Irony implies a meaning quite different from what is actually said. In fact, an ironic statement may mean the opposite of what is said. For example, a person who sees rain pouring down might say, Looks like we are getting a drop or two of rain. This statement contains irony because both he and the person to whom he speaks know that it is raining considerably more than one or two drops. Read each statement below. If you think the sentence implies something quite different from what is actually stated, place a check on the line. ______ 1. The builder was so clever he didnt omit a single mistake in the new house. ______ 2. Even though we had the heaviest rain of the year, our basement didnt flood. ______ 3. Over the Labor Day weekend, the park was crowded with picnickers. ______ 4. Showing his usual sunny, cheerful disposition, Joe snarled at everyone he met. ______ 5. As fast as we raked the leaves into piles, the wind scattered them all over again. ______ 6. The minute the policeman heard the wail of the siren, he stopped all traffic. ______ 7. After trying hard all season, switch hitter Will Adams finally broke the record for the most strike-outs in one year. ______ 8. Sarah is such a good nurse that her patients are always grateful. ______ 9. Im sure Aunt Martha would listen politely to anyone who could get a word in edgewise. ______ 10. The November day was so mild we all carried our coats as we walked home from school.

______ 11. Dan is so well coordinated he looks like an elephant crossing a rocky stream. ______ 12. Our team seems determined to keep its string of glorious defeats unbroken.

Read each statement. Decide whether it is an exaggeration or irony. Write E for exaggeration or I for irony on the line beside each sentence. ______ 11. My oldest sister has more lipsticks than anyone else in the whole world. ______ 12. These scissors are as sharp as the brim on an old felt hat. ______ 13. Now that the car is fixed, it would probably work fine if only it would start. ______ 14. If Tim keeps putting on weight, well have to start calling him Skinny. ______ 15. Mother said, I must have ironed at least a thousand shirts yesterday.

Figurative Language
Read each sentence. On the line at the left, write S if the sentence contains a simile or M if the sentence has a metaphor. ______ 1. The cherry blossoms floated down like feathers from a huge pillow. ______ 2. The train was a one-eyed dragon that roared at little towns and made them tremble. ______ 3. The droplets of water blossomed into a bouquet of ice crystals. ______ 4. The classroom was as quiet as a downtown business district on Sunday morning. ______ 5. The poodle turned one somersault after another like a circus clown. ______6. Scissors of fog snipped off the distant edges of the world and left it just my size. ______ 7. When Mr. Nelson wears his round eyeglasses, he looks like a wise old owl. ______ 8. The snow-capped mountain was a marshmallow sundae. ______ 9. Freds well-polished shoes gleamed like black mirrors. ______ 10.The stars were diamonds twinkling in the black velvet night sky.
Each of the following sentences contains figurative language in which one thing is compared to something else. Some of the sentences show the comparisons clearly by the use of the words like and as; in other sentences the comparisons are not so directly stated. After you read each sentence circle the letter of the things being compared in the sentence. 1. Theres a woodpecker in these trees that sounds like a jackhammer. a) woods-sounds b) woodpecker-jackhammer c) woods-jackhammer 2. When the bell sounded, the students poured down the staircase and out the doors like water bursting from a dam and spilling down a valley a) students-water b) bell-staircase c) students-dam 2. For a half hour almost every night, Ben and his son play on the rug like two puppies. a) Ben-his son b) Ben and son-two puppies c) puppies-rug 3. Larry is such a stock-car racing fan that you can almost hear gears shift when he walks away and tires squeal as he turns the corner. a) gears-tires b) Larry-driver c) Larry-race car Each of the following sentences uses a figurative comparison. Decide what is similar about the things being compared, and then circle the letter of your choice. 1. Every day he brings a lunch pail to work that is full of more surprises than a 4th-of-July picnic basket.

a) Both are pretty enough to be shown off. b) Both are full of unexpected things to eat. c) Both are made for a special occasion. 2. When he is criticized or attacked he hisses, draws his head back, and shows his fangs. a) Both can be dangerous. b) Both run from their enemies. c) Both shield themselves against attack. 3. Duncans sideburns puff out like copper scouring pads stuck on each side of his face. a) Both can be used for cleaning pots and pans. b) Both have been nicely trimmed. c) Both are round, reddish, and coarse. 4. In the courtroom with a client, Angela is a lioness protecting her cub. a) Both can be gentle and fierce b) Both have children or offspring. c) Both talk softly but forcefully.

Figurative Language
Read the following poem and then answer the questions about its use of figurative language. Motor Cars From a city window, way up high, I like to watch the cars go by. They look like burnished beetles, black, That leave a little muddy track Behind them as they slowly crawl. Sometimes they do not move a tall But huddle close with hum and drone As though they feared to be alone. They grope their way through fog and night With the golden feelers of their light. 1. What is the main reason the cars, as seen from a high window, are compared to beetles? a) The cars seem as small as beetles. b) The cars are black like beetles. c) The cars tare shaped like beetles. 2. Why are the beetles described as burnished (or polished) in the third line? ________________________________________________________________ 3. In what way are beetles similar to cars in what they leave behind them? ________________________________________________________________ 4. When the cars are described as beetles which huddle close and are afraid to be alone, what is probably actually happening? a) They are moving down the street in a long line. b) They park along the curbs, and will not move. c) They bunch up together when they stop at intersections. 5. What are the golden feelers mentioned in the last line? a) Radio antennas. b) Yellow center lines. c) Headlight beams. Choose a phrase from the list that most vividly completes these sentences with an expression of personification. Phrase List: Crept softly, straining, impatiently, opened, devour, wept huge tears, refused, felt naked, smiled, angry, spat fire, thirsty, begged, panting. 1. The rain clouds_______________________ . 2. The ____________________locomotives slowly climbed the hill. 3. The stalled car______________________to move. 4. The fog____________________along the ground. 5. The tunnel________________________its mouth to_____________________ the cars. 6. The__________________________cars waited_____________________for the light to change. 7. The__________________________land__________________for water. 8. The trees__________________________without their leaves.

9. The warm spring sun________________________at us. 10.The______________________volcano______________________ . Choose a phrase from the list most vividly completes a simile in these sentences. Phrase List: a glowing orange ball; a frayed brown cord; a gorged buzzard; a rocky road; a light in the night; a seal; a waterfall; a swift birds; a telegraph; a tall bride. 1. The huge 747 lumbered toward its takeoff like_______________________ 2. Her tears flowed like______________________________________________ 3. The woodpeckers pecking sounded like____________________________ tapping out a message. 4. From the airplane, the dirt road looked like__________________________________________ 5. My math course is like_____________________________________________ 6. The doe is like_____________________________________________in flight. 7. The answer illuminated the subject like_______________________________________________________________ 8. He looked like__________________________with his whiskers drooping from his upper lip. 9. The sun rose like________________________________________in the east. 10.The white poplar tree looked like__________________________________ .

Figurative Language
Choose a phrase from the list that most vividly completes a metaphor in these sentences. Phrase List: A crewcut; a ghost, confetti; a lamb; hot potatoes; razor-sharp; living pincushions; a wolf; a smoking volcano; twisted pretzels. 1. My fathers whiskers are___________________________________________ 2. The cars in the accident became___________________________________ 3. He is________________________________________when it comes to girls. 4. He has lost so much weight that he is merely___________________ of his former self. 5. Jane is________________________to allow you to get away with so much. 6. Our overheated car became_______________________________________ 7. Controversial issues are______________that most politicians try to avoid. 8. Her__________________________tongue lashed out at all who defied her. 9. The farmer gave his grain field_____________________________________ 10.The snow was__________________________________falling from the sky. For these ten lines, taken from famous poems, underline the figure of speech and then state what kind it is. 1. Her face is a garden of delight. (Thomas Campion) ________________________________________________________________ 2. Her brows like bended bows do stand. (Thomas Campion) ________________________________________________________________ 3. The Moon doth with delight look round her when the heavens are bare. (William Wordsworth) ________________________________________________________________ 4. I wandered lonely as a cloud. (William Wordsworth) ________________________________________________________________ 5. The daffodils are tossing their heads in sprightly dance. (William Words worth) ________________________________________________________________ 6. The sea bares her bosom to the moon. (William Wordsworth) ________________________________________________________________ 7. The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls. (Lord Tennyson) ________________________________________________________________ 8. Theres no frigate like a book to take us lands away. (Emily Dickinson) ________________________________________________________________ 9. The sun is laid to sleep. (Ben Jonson) ________________________________________________________________ 10.The stars threw down their spears and watered heaven with their tears. (William Blake) ________________________________________________________________

Figurative Language
Figure out the meaning of each phrase in italics. Check to see if that meaning makes sense in the sentence. Example That sentence is as clear as mud. Meaning: not clear at all She talked a mile a minute. Meaning: very fast 1. When he finally gets going, Jack is a streak of lightning. Meaning: _________________________________ 2. Mary was so late that George was really climbing the wall by the time she finally got home. Meaning: _________________________________ 3. I found the fifty-two pounds of books you left for me to carry. Your kindness really moves me. Meaning: _________________________________ 4. When you take that course, plan to study thirty hours a day. Meaning: _________________________________ 5. The wind howled angrily around the house all night. Meaning: _________________________________ 6. When the White House called, the ambassador went at once. Meaning: _________________________________ 7. George was rather pleased when he won the new car in the contest. Meaning: _________________________________ 8. Man does not live by bread alone. Meaning: _________________________________ 9. Lee was as sharp as a tack this morning. He answered every question as soon as it was asked. Meaning: _________________________________ 10.If you are not happy with the service, go talk to City Hall. Meaning: _________________________________ 11.The river ate away the bank. Meaning: _________________________________ 12. Keep overeating like that and pretty soon youll weigh a thousand pounds. Meaning: _________________________________ 13.After she heard the good news, she was grinning like a mule eating briars. Meaning: _________________________________ 14.The captain was in charge of one hundred horses. Meaning: _________________________________ 15.Joe cried a little when he lost the thousand dollars. Meaning: _________________________________ 16.I was wrong and Im ready to eat crow when I see them. Meaning: _________________________________ 17.You can depend on Mary; shes a rock when trouble comes. Meaning: _________________________________

18.Your wit is only exceeded by your charm and good looks. Meaning: _________________________________ 19.The driver let the pit know that he was stopping for repairs on the next lap. Meaning: _________________________________ 20.With friends like you, who needs enemies? Meaning: _________________________________ 21.He is the army. Meaning: _________________________________ 22.Hes so hardheaded that he wont listen to anyone. Meaning: _________________________________ 23.Research says that these methods are best. Meaning: _________________________________ 24.Right this minute, I could drink a barrel of water without stopping. Meaning: _________________________________ 25.Alice came in gently, like a May breeze. Meaning: _________________________________ 26.You came in thirty-seven minutes after the fifty-minute class started. You were a bit late. Meaning: _________________________________ 27.Little Susie is a picture of loveliness in her new dress. Meaning: _________________________________ As you read this passage from the novel The Survivor, notice the use of figurative language. Then answer the following questions. A. An old man and a boy stood on the high dunes overlooking the sea, which was dark violet-blue and feathered white where the wind Kissed it. No boat was out. Below, the beach lay golden yellow in the late afternoon light. A horseman trotting his mount splashed through the shallows. The hoofmarks were brief silver coins. B. There were other figures on the beach making the most of summers end, and the old man smiled to see them there, his family. The boy beside him was his favorite grandchild. Moses Ullman was seventy years old. He had found much pleasure in growing old. The years had been good and full of adventure. They had turned him from a rather ugly, awkward youth with a diving nose, so fiercely hooked that it might have chopped wood, into an old gentleman with a splendid snowstorm of silver-white hair. Lines of ugliness had come to rest in lines of strength and peace. He still had his strength: strong bony wrists, hands twisted and knotted, the nails yellow and thick as sea shells. His digestion was perfect. He could eat anything. C. Do you know, David, he said to his grandson, I never stare off at the horizon without seeing it signal to me. He stood for a moment, hand on hip, shading his eyes like an old sea captain aboard ship. Still no sail, no trace of smoke to spoil the perfect curve of water. D. Its a marvelous view, David agreed. He wanted to talk, but he preferred to feel himself part of the whole summer scene rather than just a spectator. E. The old man was carried away. Yes, you can see what I mean. Its the permanence of the ocean. A view like this-you can look at it forever. Feel it. Smell it. The cradle of life. Life began there in the sea. At the edge of the tide his family played: son and daughter-inlaw, three of their children. He smiled again but added, It makes me sad somehow. 1. As described in paragraph A, how rough or calm is the sea? a) It was calm and smooth. b) It had small, white-tipped waves. c) It had huge, dark waves. 2. Why are the hoofmarks called brief silver coins at the end of the same paragraph? a) The water that collected in the round hoofmarks reflected silvery light, but the waves quickly washed the hoofmarks away. b) The horseshoes left traces of metal in the sand that reflected the light. c) Sand blew into the hoofmarks and quickly filled them up, so that they were no longer visible. 3. What is the shape of Moses Ullmans nose, as described in paragraph B? a) It curves upward at the tip. b) It is round and fat. c) It curves downward. 4. What tool for cutting does it suggest? a) It is long and thin like a knife. b) It had jagged edges like a saw. c) It is curved and sharp like the edge of an ax.

5. As described in the same paragraph, what is Moses Ullmans hair like? a) It is cut short and neat. b) It is combed flat against his head. c) It is rather wild and unruly. 6. How are Moses Ullmans fingernails similar to sea shells, as described in the same paragraph? a) In color and thickness. b) In size and toughness c) In hardness and shape 7. What do you think Moses Ullman means when he says in paragraph C that the horizon signals to him? a) Ships on the horizon send him messages in Morse code. b) The horizon of the sea seems to call him to adventure. c) He can see smoke signals rising from the opposite shore. 8. In the same paragraph, what does the description of Moses as an old sea captain suggest about him? a) He used to be the captain of a ship b) He seems familiar with the sea. c) He seems used to ordering people about. 9. Why might the ocean be called the cradle of life in paragraph E? a) People in a boat are rocked as if they were in a cradle. b) It is where life first began to develop. c) It is where all life goes to rest.

Figurative Language
Read the following and answer the questions The storm whirled and played, tore apart the drifts and piled them up again, took a pillar of snow in its arms and danced out into the plain, lifted one flake up to the clouds and chased another down into the ditch. (for 1 and 2) 1. What thing is made to seem alive in the sentence? ________________________________________________________________ 2. Does the storm seem playful, frightening, or dignified? ________________________________________________________________ The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window panes (for 3) 3. What has the writer compared fog to? ________________________________________________________________ The canyon lay waiting for them like a monster, its jaws ready to snap shut on them (for 4 and 5) 4. Does the writer want you to feel pain, fear, happiness, or peace? ________________________________________________________________ 5. What is spoken of as if it were alive? ________________________________________________________________ The hubcap raced down the street, turned the corner abruptly just as Pete lurched for it, and then winked wickedly before it disappeared under the wheels of a bus. (for 6 and 7) 6. What lifeless thing is treated as if it were alive? ________________________________________________________________ 7. Did Pete probably feel amused, annoyed, or grateful? ________________________________________________________________ The wind is very tired.. (for 8) 8. What might happen to a sailing vessel in a tired wind? ________________________________________________________________ He put his shoulder against the door, and his long black body slanted like a ramrod. He pushed. (Langston Hughes, On the Road) 9. What kind of figurative language is being used? ________________________________________________________________ 10.What is being described? 11.What can you infer about the door? ________________________________________________________________ The wind was lifting his coattails and tossing his white hair about in tufts, like those of the bunch grass she had known as a girl in the Dakotas. (Jessamyn West, Love, Death, and the Ladies Drill Team) 12.What kind of figurative language is being used?

________________________________________________________________ 13.What is being described? ________________________________________________________________ 14.What is the image the author wants you to see? ________________________________________________________________ ..she lay back among the whispering blue flowers. (Tennessee Williams, The Field of Blue Children) 15.What image does this line create in your head? ________________________________________________________________

Figurative Language
Directions: If you think the quote is an example of figurative language, place an F in the blank provided. If you think a statement is meant literally, place an L in the blank. ______ 1. The year was 2081, and everybody was finally equal. ______ 2. His thoughts fled in panic, like bandits from a burglar alarm. ______ 3. They were burdened with sashweights and bags of birdshot, and their faces were masked so that no onewould feel like something the cat drug in. ______ 4. Sounded like somebody hitting a milk bottle with a ball peen hammer. ______ 5. He began to think glimmeringly about his abnormal son who was now in jail, about Harrison, but a twenty-one-gun salute in his head stopped that. ______ 6. The minute people start cheating on laws, what do you think happens to society? ______ 7. Instead of a little ear radio for a mental handicap, he wore a tremendous pair of earphones, and spectacles with thick wavy lenses. ______ 8. ..Harrison looked like a walking junk yard. ______ 9. He jumped again, as though dancing to the tune of an earthquake. ______ 10. Harrisons scrap-iron handicaps crashed to the floor. Directions: In the space provided, write S for simile or M for metaphor in the blanks in front of each phrase or sentence below: ______ 1. The flames, like a form of wildlife, crept as a lion creeps on its belly toward its prey. ______ 2. Like a surfer, he sat as though he were waiting for that wave of the day. ______ 3. She painted her nails a funny orange, like the tip of a hot soldering iron. ______ 4. The pen is mightier than the sword. ______ 5. With his rattlesnake reach, he grabbed the cookie and ran. ______ 6. From the burning look in his eye, I knew he was angry with me. 3. Each underlined sentence contains a comparison. Choose the one correct answer for each question. 3.1 The wind howled and shrieked like a creature in torment What things are being compared? a) the wind and an animal in pain; b) torture and the force of a strong wind; c) a dog and some other kind of animal; d) pain and frightening noises. What likeness is being emphasized? a) both are being tortured; b) both make piercing noises; c) both are alive d) both are cold and miserable. 3.2 When the lawyer arrived, the vultures flew into the library to hear him read the will. What things are being compared? a) the lawyers and the heirs;

b) the heirs and the dead person; c) the lawyers and the vultures; d) the heirs and the vultures. What likeness is being emphasized? a) both listen to the reading of the will; b) both wish to benefit from a death; c) both rush to the library; d) both want a part of the estate. 4.1 With Mr. Stahl as chairman, this committee won accomplish much; its like an aircraft carrier powered by an outboard motor. What things are being compared? a) an aircraft carrier and a small boat; b) the committee with its chairman and a large ship with a small motor; c) the committee and a poor chairman; d) the aircraft carrier and the outboard motor.

Figurative Language
In each of the following statements there is a figurative expression. Decide for each one, from among the choices given 1. Some people are like echoes. They always seem to have the last word. What things are being compared? a. Some people and the last word b. Some people and echoes c. Some people and their habits d. Echoes and the last word What likeness is being emphasized? a. Echoes are the last sound heard. b. Echoes are loud. c. Echoes seem to speak back to you. d. Peoples voices have a hollow sound. 2. The pile of papers on his desk was acting like rising bread dough. What things are being compared? a. Papers and rising bread dough b. Papers and his desk c. His desk and bread dough d. His papers and bread What likeness is being emphasized? a. They are both getting higher. b. They are both soft. c. Both of them can be pressed down. d. Both of them can be seen and watched 3. A sixteen-year-old human tape recording kept the phone occupied for one full hour. What things are being compared? a. A sixteen-year-old person and a tape recording b. A sixteen-year-old person and a phone c. A phone and a tape recording d. A sixteen-year-old person and a full hour What likeness is being emphasized? a. Time passes by and they both grow older. b. Both go on for a long time without interruption. c. Both are unbreakable. d. Both waste time. 4. The speech of the famous lecturer was Joes sleeping pill. What things are being compared? a. The speech and the lecturer b. The speech and Joe

c. The lecturer and Joe d. The speech and a sleeping pill What likeness is being emphasized? a. Both can be boring (can put you to sleep). b. Both can be interesting. c. Both are informative. d. Both have an effect on people. 5. During vacation the school was a ghost town. What thing are being compared? a. Vacation and the school building b. Vacation and a ghost town c. The school building and students d. The school building and a ghost town What likeness is being emphasized? a. Both are learning situations. b. Both need care and understanding. c. Both are fun situations. d. Both are quiet and deserted.