http://en.wikipedia.

org/wiki/Rajasthan Rajasthan Contents:- History/ Geography/ Economy/ Tourism/ Culture/ Administration/ Government/ Politics/ Districts/ Demographics/ Flora and fauna/ Wildlife/ Transport/ Important cities and towns/ Statistics Rjasthn (Rajasthani: , pronounced d n ( listen)) (the land of colours[1]) the land of Rajasthanis, is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert (Thar Desert), which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with Pakistan. It is one of the most beautiful states of India which attracts very large number of domestic and foreign tourists in India. The state is bordered by Pakistan to the west, Gujarat to the southwest, Madhya Pradesh to the southeast, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana to the northeast and Punjab to the north. Rajasthan covers an area of 132,150 sq mi or 342,239 km. The proportion of the state's total area to the total area of the country is 10.41 per cent. Jaipur is the capital and the largest city of the state. Geographical features include the Thar Desert along north-western Rajasthan and the termination of the Ghaggar River near the archaeological ruins at Kalibanga, which are the oldest in the subcontinent discovered so far. One of the world's oldest mountain ranges, the Aravalli Range, cradles the only hill station of Rajasthan, Mount Abu, famous for Dilwara Temples, a sacred pilgrimage for Jains. Eastern Rajasthan has the world famous Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, once famous for its bird life and is a World Heritage Site and two famous national tiger reserves, Ranthambore and Sariska Tiger Reserve. Rajasthan was formed on 30 March 1949, when all erstwhile princely states ruled by Rajputs, known as Rajputana, merged into the Dominion of India. It was essentially the country of the Gurjars.[2] Historian R. C. Majumdar explained that the region was long known as Gurjaratra (Country protected by the Gurjars or Gurjar nation), early form of Gujarat, before it came to be called Rajputana, early in the Muslim period.[3] The historian John Keay in his book, India: A History stated that, Rajputana name was given by Britishers and The word even achieved a retrospective authenticity, in 1829 translation of Ferishta's history of early Islamic India, John Briggs discarded the phrase Indian princes, as rendered in Dow's earlier version, and substituted Rajpoot princes.[4] The only difference between erstwhile Rajputana and Rajasthan is that certain portions of what had been British India, in the former province of Ajmer-Merwara, were included. Portions lying geographically outside of Rajputana such as the Sumel-Tappa area were included in Madhya Pradesh.[citation needed]

History Main article: History of Rajasthan Gurjar Pratihars domination around ninth century. Maharana Pratap Singh, legendary sixteenth century Rajput ruler of Rajasthan. The iconic Mehrangarh Fort built by Rao Jodha in 1459. The Chittorgarh Fort is one of the largest forts in Asia.

Hawa Mahal or "Palace of Winds" in Jaipur. The Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world's first and oldest civilizations, was located in parts of what is now Rajasthan. Kalibangan in Hanumangarh district, Rajasthan was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization.[5] It is believed that Western Kshatrapas (35405 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the IndoScythians, and were contemporaneous with the Kushans who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and establish the Saka era (with Saka calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps kingdom.[6] Traditionally the,Meenas , Rajputs, Yadavs, Jats,Bhils, Gurjars, , Bishnois and other tribes made a great contribution in building the state of Rajasthan. All these tribes suffered great difficulties in protecting their culture and the land. Millions[7] of them were martyred trying to protect their land. Gurjars had been exterminated in Bhinmal and Ajmer areas fighting with the invaders. Bhils once ruled Kota.[7] Meenas were rulers of Bundi and Dhundhar region.[citation
needed]

Gurjars ruled many dynasties in this part of country.In fact this region was long known as Gurjaratra.[3] Up to the tenth century almost the whole of North India, excepting Bengal, owned supermacy of Gurjars with their seat of power at Kannauj.[8] Gurjar Pratihars acted as barrier for Arab invaders from 6th to 11th century.The chief credit of Gurjar Pratihar empire lies in its succecessful resistance to the foreign invasions from the west, from the days of Junaid. Majumdar says that this was frankly recognised by the Arab writers themselves.He further clears that Historians of India have wondered at the slow progress of Muslim invaders in India, as compared with their rapid advance in other parts of the world.Now there can be little doubt that it was the power of the Gurjara Pratihara army that effectively barred the progress of the Muslims beyond the confines of Sindh, their first conquest for nearly three hundred years.[9] The earlier contributions of warriors and protectors of the land (Vishnoi,Ahirs, Gurjars, Jats, Bhils and Meenas) were neglected and lost in history due to stories of valour shown by certain specific clans in later years graining more prominence over older acts of bravery.[10] Rajasthan means the Land of the Kings. Modern Rajasthan includes most of Rajputana, which comprises mainly the erstwhile Rajput kingdoms as well as two Jat kingdoms and a Muslim kingdom. Marwar (Jodhpur), Bikaner, Mewar (Udaipur), Alwar and Dhundhar (Jaipur) were some of the main Rajput states. The Jats were rulers in Bharatpur and Dholpur. Tonk was ruled by a Muslim Nawab. Rajput families rose to prominence in the 6th century CE. The Rajputs put a very valiant resistance to the Islamic invasions and protected this land with their warfare and chivalry for more than 500 years. They also resisted Mughal incursions into India, but contributed to the slower than anticipated access to the Indian Subcontinent. Later the Mughals, with a technique based on a combination of treachery and skilled warfare were able to set firm a grip on northern India, including Rajasthan. The fighter spirit and valour of Rajputs impressed the Mughals to such an extent that even after defeating the Rajputs, the Mughals held their valour and value in the highest esteem. Mewar led other kingdoms in its resistance to outside rule. Most notably Rana Sanga fought the Battle of Khanua against Babur, the founder of the Mughal empire. Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the Hindu Emperor, also known as Hemu in the History of India was born in the village of Machheri in Alwar District in the year 1501. He had won 22 battles against Afghans, from Punjab to Bengal and had defeated Akbar's forces twice at Agra and Delhi in 1556,[11] before acceeding to the throne of Delhi and establishing 'Hindu Raj' in North India, albeit for a short duration, from Purana Quila in Delhi. He was killed in the Second Battle of Panipat. Maharana Pratap of Mewar resisted Akbar in the famous Battle of Haldighati and later operated from hilly areas of his kingdom. Bhils were Maharana's main allies during these wars. Most of these attacks were evenly met as the Mughal forces outnumbered Mewar Rajputs in all the wars fought between them. The Haldighati war was fought between 10,000 Mewaris and a 100,000 strong Mughal force (including many Rajputs like Kachwahas from Dhundhar). Over the years the Mughals began to have internal disputes which took their concentration away at times. They also had to fight off Pathan warriors from neighbouring Afghanistan and the newer enemy, the British Empire which consisted of large numbers of natives whilst engaging against various other regional powers such as the Persians. The Mughal Empire eventually weakened to which several groups across their kingdom (including Sikhs) saw opportunities to establish their power whilst the army was fighting somewhere else. The Rajputs saw this as an opportunity to reassert their independence. With the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century, Rajputana came under attack by the Marathas and Pindaris, and the Maratha general Scindia captured Ajmer. The Rajput kings following a rapid defeat, concluded treaties with the British in the early 19th century, accepting British sovereignty in return for local autonomy. Following the Mughal tradition as well as its strategic location Ajmer became a province of British India, while the autonomous Rajput states, the Muslim state Tonk, and the Jat states (Bharatpur and Dholpur) were organized into the Rajputana Agency. The Marwaris (people from Marwar) and Rajasthan's formerly independent kingdom created a rich architectural and cultural heritage, seen even today in their numerous forts and palaces (Mahals and Havelis) which are enriched by features of Muslim and Jain architecture. The development of the frescos in Rajasthan is linked with the history of the Marwaris, who have also played a crucial role in the economic development of the region. Many wealthy families throughout Indian history have links to Marwar. These families include the legendary Birla, Bhandari, Bajaj, Mittal and Mirza families. Rajasthan is known for its famous stories within its very rich cultural history, one of which is the popular love story of a Rajput Princess, Juhi Saini and her beloved husband Chetan Sharma, who was a warrior ranked very high in the Rajput army and was known for his acts of bravery. He saved Princess Juhi from any harm and problems she encountered during her lifetime and their passionate heart-filled love story became a tale that is still told today to the youths of Rajasthan. Princess Juhi and Warrior Chetan grew old together and were buried in the same spot together in the gardens of Hawa Mahal, Jaipur.

Geography The Aravalli Range adds diversity to the landscape of Rajasthan. The Thar Desert The hills around Jaipur. The main geographic features of Rajasthan are the Thar Desert and the Aravalli Range, which runs through the state from southwest to northeast, almost from one end to the other, for more than 850 km. Mount Abu is at the southwestern end of the range, separated from the main ranges by the West Banas River, although a series of broken ridges continues into Haryana in the direction of Delhi where it can be seen as outcrops in the form of the Raisina Hill and the ridges farther north. About three-fifths of Rajasthan lies northwest of the Aravallis, leaving two-fifths on the east and south. The northwestern portion of Rajasthan is generally sandy and dry. Most of the region is covered by the Thar Desert, which extends into adjoining portions of Pakistan. The Aravalli Range does not intercept the moisture-giving southwest monsoon winds off the Arabian Sea, as it lies in a direction parallel to that of the coming monsoon winds, leaving the northwestern region in a rain shadow. The Thar Desert is thinly populated; the town of Bikaner is the largest city in the desert. The Northwestern thorn scrub forests lie in a band around the Thar Desert, between the desert and the Aravallis. This region receives less than 400 mm of rain in an average year. Temperatures can exceed 45 C in the summer months and drop below freezing in the winter. The Godwar, Marwar, and Shekhawati regions lie in the thorn scrub forest zone, along with the city of Jodhpur. The Luni River and its tributaries are the major river system of Godwar and Marwar regions, draining the western slopes of the Aravallis and emptying southwest into the great Rann of Kutch wetland in neighboring Gujarat. This river is saline in the lower reaches and remains potable only up to Balotara in Barmer district. The Ghaggar River, which originates in Haryana, is an intermittent stream that disappears into the sands of the Thar Desert in the northern corner of the state and is seen as a remnant of the primitive Saraswati river. The Aravalli Range and the lands to the east and southeast of the range are generally more fertile and better watered. This region is home to the Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion, with tropical dry broadleaf forests that include teak, Acacia, and other trees. The hilly Vagad region lies in southernmost Rajasthan, on the border with Gujarat. With the exception of Mount Abu, Vagad is the wettest region in Rajasthan, and the most heavily forested. North of Vagad lies the Mewar region, home to the cities of Udaipur and Chittaurgarh. The Hadoti region lies to the southeast, on the border with Madhya Pradesh. North of Hadoti and Mewar is the Dhundhar region, home to the state capital of Jaipur. Mewat, the easternmost region of Rajasthan, borders Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. Eastern and southeastern Rajasthan is drained by the Banas and Chambal rivers, tributaries of the Ganges. The Aravali Range runs across the state from the southwest peak Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu), which is 1,722 m in height, to Khetri in the northeast. This divides the state into 60% in the northwest of the range and 40% in the southeast. The northwest tract is sandy and unproductive with little water but improves gradually from desert land in the far west and northwest to comparatively fertile and habitable land towards the east. The area includes the Thar Desert. The south-eastern area, higher in elevation (100 to 350 m above sea level) and more fertile, has a very diversified topography. in the south lies the hilly tract of Mewar. In the southeast, a large area within the districts of Kota and Bundi forms a tableland. To the northeast of these districts is a rugged region (badlands) following the line of the Chambal River. Farther north the country levels out; the flat plains of the northeastern Bharatpur district are part of an alluvial basin. Economy Main article: Economy of Rajasthan Industrial plant near Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Rajasthan's economy is primarily agricultural and pastoral. Wheat and barley are cultivated over large areas, as are pulses, sugarcane, and oilseeds. Cotton and tobacco are the state's cash crops. Rajasthan is among the largest producers of edible oils in India and the second largest producer of oilseeds. Rajasthan is also the biggest woolproducing state in India and the main opium producer and consumer. There are mainly two crop seasons. The water for irrigation comes from wells and tanks. The Indira Gandhi Canal irrigates northwestern Rajasthan.

The main industries are mineral based, agriculture based, and textiles. Rajasthan is the second largest producer of polyester fibre in India. The Bhilwara District produces more cloth than Bhiwandi, Maharashtra and the bhilwara is the largest city in suitings production and export. Several prominent chemical and engineering companies are located in the town of Kota, in southern Rajasthan. Rajasthan is pre-eminent in quarrying and mining in India. The Taj Mahal was built from the white marble which was mined from a town called Makrana. The state is the second largest source of cement in India. It has rich salt deposits at Sambhar, copper mines at Khetri, Jhunjhunu and zinc mines at Dariba, Zawar mines at Zawarmala for zinc, Rampura Aghucha (opencast) near Bhilwara. Dimensional stone mining is also undertaken in Rajasthan. Jodhpur sandstone is mostly used in monuments, important buildings, residential buildings, etc. This stone is termed "chittar patthar". Rajasthan is now the preferred destination for IT companies and North India's largest integrated IT park is located in Jaipur and is named as Mahindra World City Jaipur covering nearly 3,000 acres (12 km2) of land. Some of the companies operating in Rajasthan include Infosys, Genpact, Wipro, Truworth, Deutsche Bank, NEI, MICO, Honda Siel Cars, Coca Cola and Procter & Gamble. Tourism Main article: Tourism in Rajasthan The Umaid Bhawan Palace is one of the largest royal palaces in the world. The Jain temple of Ranakpur. Rajasthan attracted 14% of total foreign visitors during 2009-2010 which is fourth highest in all states of India. It positioned fourth place also in Domestic tourist visitors.[12] Endowed with natural beauty and a great history, tourism is a flourishing industry in Rajasthan. The palaces of Jaipur, lakes of Udaipur, and desert forts of Jodhpur, Bikaner & Jaisalmer rank among the most preferred destinations in India for many tourists both Indian and foreign. Tourism accounts for eight percent of the state's domestic product. Many old and neglected palaces and forts have been converted into heritage hotels. Tourism has increased employment in the hospitality sector. Rajasthan is famous for the majestic forts, intricately carved temples and decorated havelis, which were built by Rajput kings in previous ages, they were the soul of pre-Muslim era Rajasthan. Jantar Mantar, Dilwara Temples, Chittorgarh Fort, Lake Palace, City Palaces, Jaisalmer Havelis are part of the true architectural heritage of India. Jaipur, the Pink City, is noted for the ancient houses made of a type of sand stone dominated by a pink hue. At Ajmer, the white marble Bara-dari on the Anasagar lake is exquisite. Jain Temples dot Rajasthan from north to south and east to west. Dilwara Temples of Mount Abu, Ranakpur Temple dedicated to Lord Adinath near Udaipur, Jain temples in the fort complexes of Chittor, Jaisalmer and Kumbhalgarh, Lodarva Jain temples, Bhandasar Temple of Bikaner are some of the best examples. Rajasthan is often called a shopper's paradise. Rajasthan is famous for textiles, semi-precious stones and handicrafts. The attractive designs of jewellery and clothes are eye-catching and invite shoppers. Rajasthani furniture has intricate carvings and bright colours. Rajasthani handicrafts are in demand due to the intricate work on them. Above all, Rajasthan's shopping appeals to both tourists and people from other parts of India due to its cheap prices for quality goods. Bikaner is famous for its namkeens, Jaipur for its jewellery, Jodhpur for sweets and Jaisalmer for yellow stone. Culture Camel ride in the Thar desert near Jaisalmer. A decorated Indian elephant during a fair in Jaipur, India Rajasthan is culturally rich and has artistic and cultural traditions which reflect the ancient Indian way of life. There is rich and varied folk culture from villages which is often depicted and is symbolic of the state. Highly cultivated classical music and dance with its own distinct style is part of the cultural tradition of Rajasthan. The music is uncomplicated and songs depict day-to-day relationships and chores, more often focused around fetching water from wells or ponds. The Ghoomar dance from Udaipur and Kalbeliya dance of Jaisalmer have gained international recognition. Folk music is a vital part of Rajasthani culture. Kathputali, Bhopa, Chang, Teratali, Ghindar, Kachchhighori, Tejaji etc. are the examples of the traditional Rajasthani culture. Folk songs are commonly ballads which relate heroic deeds and love

stories; and religious or devotional songs known as bhajans and banis (often accompanied by musical instruments like dholak, sitar, sarangi etc.) are also sung. Rajasthan is known for its traditional, colorful art. The block prints, tie and dye prints, Bagaru prints, Sanganer prints, and Zari embroidery are major export products from Rajasthan. Handicraft items like wooden furniture and handicrafts, carpets, and blue pottery are some of the things commonly found here. Rajasthan is a shoppers' paradise, with beautiful goods found at low prices. Reflecting the colorful Rajasthani culture, Rajasthani clothes have a lot of mirror-work and embroidery. A Rajasthani traditional dress for females comprises an ankle length skirt and a short top, also known as a lehenga or a chaniya choli. A piece of cloth is used to cover the head, both for protection from heat and maintenance of modesty. Rajasthani dresses are usually designed in bright colours like blue, yellow and orange. The main religious festivals are Deepawali, Holi, Gangaur, Teej, Gogaji, Shri Devnarayan Jayanti, Makar Sankranti and Janmashtami, as the main religion is Hinduism. Rajasthan's desert festival is celebrated with great zest and zeal. This festival is held once a year during winter. Dressed in brilliantly hued costumes, the people of the desert dance and sing haunting ballads of valor, romance and tragedy. There are fairs with snake charmers, puppeteers, acrobats and folk performers. Camels, of course, play a stellar role in this festival. Administration Government Main article: Government of Rajasthan The current government in Rajasthan is that of Indian National Congress. The current Chief Minister is Ashok Gehlot. Politics Main article: Politics of Rajasthan The Political life of Rajasthan is dominated by two major parties Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and Indian National Congress . Districts Main article: Districts of Rajasthan Rajasthan is divided into 33 districts and seven divisions: Ajmer Division: Ajmer, Bhilwara, Nagaur, Tonk. Bharatpur Division: Bharatpur, Dholpur, Karauli, Sawai Madhopur. Bikaner Division: Bikaner, Churu, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh. Jaipur Division: Jaipur, Alwar, Jhunjhunu, Sikar, Dausa. Jodhpur Division: Barmer, Jaisalmer, Jalore, Jodhpur, Pali, Sirohi. Kota Division: Baran, Bundi, Jhalawar, Kota. Udaipur Division: Banswara, Chittorgarh, Pratapgarh, Dungarpur, Udaipur, Rajsamand Demographics

Locals performing traditional folk dance in Jaisalmer. Rajasthan has a mainly Rajasthani population. Hindus account for 88.8% of the population.[14] Muslims make up 8.5%, Sikhs 1.4% and Jains 1.2% of the population.[14] The state of Rajasthan is also populated by Sindhis, who came to Rajasthan from Sindh province (now in Pakistan) during the India-Pakistan separation in 1947. The mother tongue of the majority of people in Rajasthan is Rajasthani. Rajasthani and Hindi are the most widely used languages in Rajasthan. Rajasthani is used as a medium of instruction, along with Hindi and English, in some schools. Some other languages used in Rajasthan are Gujarati, Sindhi and Punjabi. See also: List of people from Rajasthan Flora and fauna Chinkara Great Indian Bustard Though a large percentage of the total area is desert, and even though there is little forest cover, Rajasthan has a rich and varied flora and fauna. The natural vegetation is classed as Northern Desert Thorn Forest (Champion 1936). These occur in small clumps scattered in a more or less open forms. Density and size of patches increase from west to east following the increase in rainfall. Some wildlife species, which are fast vanishing in other parts of India, are found in the desert in large numbers such as the Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps), the Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra), the Indian Gazelle (Gazella bennettii) and the Indian Wild Ass. The Desert National Park, Jaisalmer, spread over an area of 3162 km, is an excellent example of the ecosystem of the Thar Desert, and its diverse fauna. Great Indian Bustard, Blackbuck, chinkara, desert fox, Bengal fox, wolf, desert cat etc. can be easily seen here. Seashells and massive fossilized tree trunks in this park record the geological history of the desert. The region is a haven for migratory and resident birds of the desert. One can see many eagles, harriers,

falcons, buzzards, kestrel and vultures. Short-toed Eagles (Circaetus gallicus), Tawny Eagles (Aquila rapax), Spotted Eagles (Aquila clanga), Laggar Falcons (Falco jugger) and kestrels are the commonest of these. The Ranthambore National Park located in Sawai Madhopur, is one of the finest Tiger Reserves in the Country which became a part of Project Tiger in 1973. The Sariska Tiger Reserve located in Alwar district, 200 km from Delhi and 107 km from Jaipur covers an area of approximately 800 km2.The area was declared a National Park in 1979. Tal Chhapar Sanctuary is a very small sanctuary in Sujangarh , Churu District, 210 km from Jaipur, in the Shekhawati region. This sanctuary is home to a large population of graceful Blackbuck. Desert Fox and desert cat can also be spotted along with typical avifauna such as partridge and sand grouse. Wildlife Rajasthan is also noted for National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. There are four national park and wildlife sanctuaries named the Keoladeo National Park of Bharatpur, Sariska Tiger Reserve of Alwar, Ranthambore National Park of Sawai Madhopur, and Desert National Park of Jaisalmer. Ranthambore National Park and Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary both are known worldwide for their tiger population and considered by both wild lovers and photographers as the best places in India to spot tigers.some time before due to poaching and negligence tiger became extinct here, but recently 5 tigers have been shifted here to make them inhabit here. Besides, it houses several small wildlife sanctuaries and eco-tourism parks . Prominent among them are Mount Abu Sanctuary, Bhensrod Garh Sanctuary, Darrah Sanctuary, Jaisamand Sanctuary, Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Jawahar Sagar sanctuary and Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary. There are a variety of wildlife species in Rajasthan, notably including the apex predator Caracal, Caracal caracal.[15] Transport Rajasthan is connected by many national highways. Most renowned being NH 8, which is India's first 48 lane highway. Rajasthan also has an inter-city surface transport system both in terms of railways and bus network. All chief cities are connected by air, rail and road. By Air: There are three main airports at Rajasthan- Jaipur airport, Udaipur airport and Jodhpur airport. These airports connect Rajasthan with the major cities of India such as Delhi and Mumbai. By Rail: Rajasthan is connected with the main cities of India by rail. Jaipur, Kota, Ajmer, Udaipur and Jodhpur are the principal railway stations in Rajasthan. Kota City is the only Electrified Section served by three Rajdhani Expresses and trains to all cities of India. By Road: Rajasthan is well connected to the main cities of the country like Delhi, Ahmedabad, Indore by State and National Highways and served by Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC) & Private operators with various types of buses like Volvo,AC,Delux,Semi Delux normal etc. Important cities and towns Statistics Population: 56.47 million (2001 Census, estimated at more than 58 million now) Cities and Towns: 222 Major cities: Jaipur, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Kota, Ajmer, Beawar, Bikaner Bharatpur, Alwar, Dholpur, Churu, Bhilwara, Sri Ganganagar, Pali, Makrana, Bundi, chittorgarh, Didwana, Sujangarh, Nagaur, Sikar, Hanumangarh, Pratapgarh Roads: 1,51,914 km. (8,798 km National Highway) National highways crossing Rajasthan: Delhi-Ahmedabad, Agra-Bikaner, Jaipur-Bhopal, Bhatinda-Kandla and Pali-Ambala. Climate: Generally dry with monsoon during JulyAugust Districts: 33 Languages: English and Hindi commonly used, as well as indigenous Rajasthani languages, brij bhasha also. Literacy: 61.03%

List of districts of Rajasthan The Indian state of Rajasthan is divided into 33 districts for administrative purposes. The responsibilities of district management are carried out by a number of All-India officials and a number of state-appointed officials. The All-India officials in each district are a Deputy Commissioner or district Magistrate (from the Indian Administrative Service), a Superintendent of Police (from the Indian Police Service) and a Deputy Conservator of Forests (from the Indian Forest Service), each of which is assisted by officers of various Rajasthan state services. The state-appointed officials are responsible for matters such as health, education, and agriculture in each district. The 33 districts are grouped into seven divisions:

District Headquarters Ajmer Ajmer Alwar Alwar Banswara Banswara Baran Baran Barmer Barmer Bharatpur Bharatpur Bhilwara Bhilwara Bikaner Bikaner Bundi Bundi Chittorgarh Chittorgarh Churu Churu Dausa Dausa Dholpur Dholpur Dungarpur Dungarpur Hanumangarh Hanumangarh Jaipur Jaipur Jaisalmer Jaisalmer Jalor Jalore Jhalawar Jhalawar Jhunjhunu Jhunjhunu Jodhpur Jodhpur Karauli Karauli Kota Kota Nagaur Nagaur Pali Pali [1] Pratapgarh Pratapgarh Rajsamand Rajsamand Sawai Madhopur Sawai Madhopur Sikar Sikar Sirohi Sirohi Sri Ganganagar Sri Ganganagar Tonk Tonk Udaipur Udaipur Rajasthan Jaipur

Area (km) 8,481 8,380 5,037 6,955 28,387 5,066 10,455 27,244 5,550 10,856 16,830 2,950 3,084 3,770 12,645 14,068 38,401 10,640 6,219 5,928 22,850 5530 12,436 17,718 12,387 4,768 10,527 7,732 5,136 7,984 7,194 17,279 342,239

Population (2001) 2,180,526 2,990,862 1,500,420 1,022,568 1,963,758 2,098,323 2,009,516 1,673,562 961,269 1,802,656 1,922,908 1,316,790 982,815 1,107,037 1,517,390 5,252,388 507,999 1,448,486 1,180,342 1,913,099 2,880,777 1,205,631 1,568,580 2,773,894 1,819,201 986,269 1,116,031 2,287,229 850,756 1,788,487 1,211,343 2,632,210 56,473,122

Division Ajmer Jaipur Udaipur Kota Jodhpur Bharatpur Ajmer Bikaner Kota Udaipur Bikaner Jaipur Bharatpur Udaipur Bikaner Jaipur Jodhpur Jodhpur Kota Jaipur Jodhpur Bharatpur Kota Ajmer Jodhpur Udaipur Udaipur Bharatpur Jaipur Jodhpur Bikaner Ajmer Udaipur 28.33%

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthani_people Rajasthani people Rajasthani people (Rajasthani: ,Rajasthani Samaj or , Rajasthani lok ) are the native [1] inhabitants of Rajasthan (the land of colours ) region of India. They form an ethno-linguistic group which is a result of assimilation of Indo-Aryan, Indo-Scythian, Indo-Greeks and Indo-Iranians ancestries. Although Rajasthanis are of several sub ethnic groups, the whole Rajasthani community is known as marwaris throughout the Indian subcontinent.[2] Their language Rajasthani is a part of the western group of Indo-Aryan languages. Well known Rajasthanis include Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, Lakshmi Mittal, Birla Family etc. Contents:- History/ Linguistic History/ Religion/ Castes and Communities/ Rajasthani Literature/ Dress/ Food/ Art/ Music/ Rajasthani Paintings/ Architecture/ Occupation/ Trade and Business/ Diaspora/ Maharashtra History Main article: History of Rajasthan Maharana Pratap, a ruler and great warrior of his time.

A coin of the Indo-Scythian king Azes. Although history of Rajasthan goes back as far as Indus Valley Civilization, the foundation of Rajasthani community took shape with the rise of Western Middle Kingdoms such as Western Kshatrapas. Western Kshatrapas (35-405 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the Indo-Scythians who invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with Saka calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps kingdom.[3] Saka calendar (also been adopted as Indian national calendar) is used by Rajasthani community and adjoining areas such as Punjab and Haryana. With time their social structures got stronger reorganizations giving birth to several martial sub ethnic groups (previously called as Martial race but now obsolete term). Linguistic History Scholars agree on the fact that during 10th-12th century a common language was spoken in Western Rajasthan and Northern Gujarat. This language was known as Old Gujarati (1100 AD 1500 AD) (also called Old Western Rajasthani, Gujjar Bhakha or Maru-Gurjar or Gurjar Apabhramsha).The language derived its name from the Gurjars (or Gujjars), who were residing and ruling in Punjab, Rajputana, central India and various parts of Gujarat at that time.[4] It is said that Marwari and Gujarati is evolved from this Gurjar Bhakha later.[5] The language was used as a literary language as early as 12th century. Poet Bhoja has referred to Gaurjar Apabhramsha in 1014 AD.[4] Formal grammar of Rajasthani was written by Jain monk and eminent scholar Hemachandra Suri in the reign of Solanki king Siddharaj Jayasinh of Anhilwara (Patan). Rajasthani was recognized by the State Assembly as an official Indian language in 2004. Recognition is still pending from the government of India. [6] Religion Rajasthanis are predominantly Hindu, Muslims and Jains. However, regardless of their religious segments, Muslim, Hindu and Jain Rajasthanis mingle with each other socially. Rajasthani Muslims are predominantly Sunnis. They are mainly Meo, Mirasi, Qaimkhani, Manganiar, Muslim Rangrez, Merat, Sindhi-Sipahi, Rath and Pathans.[7] With the introduction of Islam, many community members converted to Islam either voluntarily or forcibly. However, community Identity persists. They share lot of socio-ritual elements. Rajasthani Muslim communities, after their conversion, continued to follow pre-conversion practices (Rajasthani rituals and customs) which is not the case in other parts of the country. This exhibits the strong cultural identity of Rajasthani people as opposed to religious identity.[8] Most Rajasthani hindus are vaishnavas, however, Durga and her avatars are equally worshiped throughout Rajasthan. Osvls are predominantly Jains but small section of vaishnava Osvls are also found.[9] Jats are mostly hindus and muslims. Meenas of Rajasthan till date strongly follow Vedic culture which usually includes worship of Bhainroon (Shiva) and Krishna as well as the Durga.[10] The Rajputs generally worship the Sun, Lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu and Bhavani (Goddess Durga).[11] The Gurjars (Gujars or Gujjars) worship the Sun God, God Devnarayan, Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva and Goddess Bhavani.[12][13][14] Historically, The Gurjars were Sun-worshipers and are described as devoted to the feet of the Sun-god.[14] Marathi Bhakti movement by Mahanubbavis and Virakaripanthis of Maharashtra had immense influence on the development of Rajasthani Bhakti movement.[15] Meerabai ( ) was an important figure during 'Rajasthani Bhakti movement. Some other religions are also prevalent such as Buddhism, Christianity, Parsi religion etc.[11] Over time, there has been an increase in the number of followers of Sikh religion.[11] Though Buddhism emerged as a major religion during 321184 BC in Mauryan Empire, it had no influence in Rajasthan for the fact that Mauryan Empire had minimal impact on Rajasthan and its culture.[16] Although, today Jainism is not that prevalent in Rajasthan but historically Rajasthan and Gujarat areas were strong centres of Jainism in India.[17] Castes and Communities Noblemen from Jaipur 1875 Rajasthanis form ethno-linguistic group that is distinct from others in it's language, history, cultural & religious practices, social structure, literature and art. However, there are many different castes & communities, with diversified traditions of their own. Major sub ethnic groups are Jat, Gurjar, Mali, Kalvi, Meena, Bhil, Garasia, Kanjar etc.[11] Gurjars ( , Gujars or Gujjars) are well known people from Rajasthan. Historically, they were rulers and protectors of Gurjaratra (portions of Rajasthan and Gujarat).[18][19] Some scholars believe, Gurjars guarded the entire Northern and Western India against foreign invasion until the end of tenth century and thus came to known as pratiharas (protectors).[20] Praiseful references can be found in Arab chronicles about administration and might of these Gurjars.[21] Rajputs ( , Rjpts) e well known w io people of R j h n. R jpu e con ide ed o be he be oldiers [22] in India. Rajputs of Rajasthan (historically called Rjptna ) hold distinctive identity as opposed to rajputs of other regions of country. This identity is usually described as proud Rajput tribes of Rjputna.[23] They traced their lineage from a mythical fire atop Mt Abu, a mountain in Rajasthan, ( Agni Kula or the Fire Family), the sun (Suryavanshi or the Sun Family) and the moon (Chandravanshi or the Moon Family). The Sun Family includes Sisodias of Marwar (Chittaur & Udaipur), Rathores of Jodhpur & Bikaner and Kachwahas of Amber & Jaipur while The Moon family includes Bhattis of Jaisalmer. There is a tradition that in year 747 all Rajput clans were purified by sage Vashishta and

admitted to the royal cast of Kshatriya. It is believed that Rajput tribes of Rajasthan were not Indo-Aryans until the purification.[24][25] They are Scythian descent who might have migrated from the Caucasus in Central Asia towards the Indus Valley.[26] Jats are among native tribal group of Rajasthan. They are mostly hindus and muslims. Historically their origin can be traced to tribal groups from the Indo-Scythian period of roughly 200 BC to AD 400. Jangladesh was the name of a region of northern Rajasthan where Jats established their rule.[27] There are few other tribal communities in Rajasthansuch as Meena and Bhils. The Ghoomar dance is one well-known aspect of Bhil tribe. Meena and Bhils were employed as soldiers by Rajputs for their bravery and martial capabilities. Meenas, in ancient times, were ruler of Matsya, i.e., Rajasthan or Matsya Union. However, during colonial rule British government declared them as Criminal Tribe. Rajasthani Brahmins are mostly dadheechs, Shrimalis, Pushkarnas and Gauds. There are a few other colourful folks, groups like those of Gadia Luhar, Banjara, Nat, Kalbelia and Saansi, who crisscross the countryside with their animals.The Gadia Luhars are said to be once associated with Maharana Pratap.[28] Rajasthani Literature First mention of Rajasthani literature comes from a well-known work Kuvalayamala, inscribed c. 778 in the town of Jalor in south-eastern Marwar by Jain Muni Udyotan Suri. Muni Udyotan referred it as Maru Bhasha or Maru Vani. Modern Rajasthani literature began with the works of Suryamal Misrama.[29] His most important works are the Vamsa Bhaskara and the Vira satsa. The Vira satsa is a collection of couplets dealing with historical heroes. Two other important poets in this traditional style are Bakhtavara Ji and Kaviraja Muraridana. Apart from academic literature there exists folk literature as well. Folk literature consists of ballads, songs, proverbs, folk tales and panegyrics. The heroic and ethical poetry were the two major components of Rajasthani literature throughout its history. The development of Rajasthani literature from the Dingal language, and virkavya (heroic poetry) took form during the early formation of medieval social and political establishments in Rajasthan. Maharaja Chatur Singh (18791929) was a devotional poet from Mewar. His contributions were poetry style that was essentially a bardic tradition in nature. Another important poet was Hinglajdan Kaviya (18611948). His contributions are largely of the heroic poetry style.[30] Developmental progression and growth of Rajasthani literature cand be divided into 3 stages[31] Historical stages of Rajasthani literature The Early Period 900 to 1400 AD Medival Period 1400 to 1857 AD Modern Period 1857 to present day Culture and Tradition Dress Traditionally men wear dhotis, kurta and paggar or safa (kind of turban headgear). Traditional Chudidar payjama (puckered trousers) frequently replaces dhoti in different regions. Women wear ghagra (long skirt) and kanchli (top). However, dress style changes with lengths and breaths of vast Rajasthan. Dhoti is worn in a different ways in Marwar (Jodhpur area) or Shekhawati (Jaipur area) or Hadoti (Bundi area). Similarly, there are a few differences between paggar and safa despite both being Rajasthanl headgear. Mewar has the tradition of paggar whereas Marwar has the tradition of safa. Traditional Rajasthani Lakh Jewelry Rajasthan is also famous for its amazing ornaments. From ancient times Rajasthani people have been wearing jewelry of various metals and materials. Traditionally women wore Gems-studded gold and silver ornaments. Historically, silver or gold ornaments were used for interior decoration stitched on curtains, seat cushions, handy-crafts etc. Wealthy Rajasthanis used Gems-studded gold and silver on swords, shields, knives, pistols, cannon, doors, thrones etc. which reflects the importance of ornaments in lives of Rajasthanis.[32] Food Rich Rajasthani culture reflects in the tradition of hospitality which is one of its own kind. Rajasthan region varies from arid desert districts to the greener eastern areas. Varying degree of geography has resulted in a rich cuisine involving both vegetarian and non vegetarian dishes. Rajasthani food is characterized by the use of Jowar, Bajri, legumes and lentils, its distinct aroma and flavor achieved by the blending of spices including curry leaves, tamarind, coriander, ginger, garlic, chili, pepper, cinnamon, cloves, cardamom, cumin and rosewater. Major crops of Rajasthan are Jowar, Bajri, Maize, Ragi, Rice, Wheat, Barely, Gram, Tur, pulses, Ground nut, Sesamum etc. Millets, lentils and beans are most basic ingredients in food. The majority of Hindu and Jain Rajasthanis are vegetarian. Rajasthani Jains do not eat after sundown and their food does not contain garlic and onions. Rajputs are usually meat eaters. Historically they ate pork as well as fish. With the introduction of Islam beef eating was also prevalent.[33] Rajasthani cuisines are a whole lot of varieties varying regionally between the arid desert districts and the greener eastern areas. Most famous dish is Dal-Baati-Churma. It is a little bread full of clarified butter roasted over hot coals and served with a dry, flaky sweet made of gram flour, and Ker-Songri made with a desert fruit and beans.

Art

Music Rajasthani Music has a diverse collection of musicians. Major schools of music includes Udaipur, Jodhpur and Jaipur. Jaipur is a major Gharanas which is well-known for its reverence for rare ragas. Jaipur-Atrauli Gharana is associated with Alladiya Khan (1855-1943) who was among the great singers of the late 19th and early 20th century. Alladiya Khan was trained both in Dhrupad and Khyal styles, though his ancestors were Dhrupad singers.[34] The most distinguishing feature of Jaipur Gharana is its complex and lilting melodic form. Rajasthani Paintings Colorful tradition of Rajasthani people reflects in art of paintings as well. This painting style is called Maru-Gurjar Painting. It throws light on the royal heritage of ancient Rajasthan. Under the Royal patronage various styles of paintings developed, cultivated and practiced in Rajasthan and reached its pinnacle of glory by 15th to 17th centuries. The major painting styles are phad paintings, miniature paintings, kajali paintings, gemstone paintings etc. There is incredible diversity and imaginative creativity found in Rajasthani paintings. Major schools of art are Mewar, Marwar, Kishangarh, Bundi, Kota, Jaipur and Alwar. Development of Maru-Gurjar Painting[35] Western Indian Painting Style - 700 AD Mewar Jain Painting Style - 1250 AD Blend of Sultanate Maru-Gurjar Painting Style - 1550 AD Mewar, Marwar, Dhundar & Harothi Styles - 1585 AD Phad paintings (Mewar Style of painting) is the most ancient rajasthani art form. Phad paintings, essentially a scroll painting done on cloth, are beautiful specimen of the Indian cloth paintings. These have their own styles and patterns and are very popular due to their vibrant colors and historic themes.The Phad of God Devnarayan is largest among the popular Pars in Rajasthan. The painted area of God Devnarayan Ki Phad is 170 square feet (i.e. 34' x 5').[36] Some other Pars are also prevalent in Rajasthan, but being of recent origin they are not classical in composition.[36] Another famous Par painting is Pabuji Ki Phad. Pabuji Ki Phad is painted on a 15 x 5 ft. canvas.[36] Other famous heroes of Phad paintings are Gogaji, Prithviraj Chauhan, Amar Singh Rathore etc.[37] Architecture The rich tradition of Rajasthanis also reflect in the architecture. Mru-Gurjara Temple Architecture which originated somewhere in sixth century in and around areas of Rajasthan. Mru-Gurjara Architecture show the deep understanding of structures and refined skills of Rajasthani craftmen of bygone era. Mru-Gurjara Architecture has two prominent styles Maha-Maru and Maru-Gurjara. According to M. A. Dhaky, Maha-Maru style developed primarily in Marudesa, Sapadalaksa, Surasena and parts of Uparamala whereas Maru-Gurjara originated in Medapata, Gurjaradesa-Arbuda, Gurjaradesa-Anarta and some areas of Gujarat.[38] Scholars such as George Michell, M.A. Dhaky, Michael W. Meister and U.S. Moorti believe that Mru-Gurjara Temple Architecture is entirely Western Indian architecture and is quite different from the North Indian Temple architecture.[39] This further shows the cultural and ethnic separation of Rajasthanis from North Indian culture. There is a connecting link between Mru-Gurjara Architecture and Hoysala Temple Architecture. In both of these styles architecture is treated sculpturally.[40] Occupation Agriculture is the main occupation of Rajasthani People in Rajasthan. Major crops of Rajasthan are Jowar, Bajri, Maize, Ragi, Rice, Wheat, Barely, Gram, Tur, pulses, Ground nut, Sesamum etc. Agriculture was the most important element in the economic life of the people of medieval Rajasthan.[41] In early medieval times the land that could be irrigated by one well was called Kashavah that is a land that could be irrigated by one Knsha or leather bucket.[42] Historically there were a whole range of communities in Rajasthan at different stages of economy; from hunting to settled agriculture. The Van Baoria, Tirgar, Kanjar, vagri etc. were traditionally hunters and gatherers. Now only the Van Baoria are hunters while others have shifted to agriculture related occupations.[43] There are a number of artisans such as Lohar and Sikligar. Lohar are blacksmiths while Sikligar do specific work of making and polishing of arms used in war. Now they create tools used for agriculture. Main article: Marwaris Trade and Business Historically, Rajasthani business community (famously called Marwaris, Rajasthani: ) conducted business successfully throughout India and outside of India. Their business was organized around the joint-family system in which the grandfather, father, sons, their sons and other family members or close relatives worked together and shared responsibilities of business work.[44] The success of Rajasthanis in business, that too outside of Rajasthan, is the outcome of feeling of oneness within the community. Rajasthanis tend to help community members and this strengthens the kinship bondage, oneness and trust within community. Another fact is their ability to adapt to the region they migrate. They assimilate with others so well and respect the regional culture, customs and people.[45] It is a rare and most revered quality for any successful businessman. Today they are among the major business classes in India. The term Marwari has come to mean a canny businessman from the State of Rajasthan (and also Gujarat). The

Birlas, Goenkas, Bajajs, Ruias, Singhanias, are among the top business groups of India. They are the famous marwaris from Rajasthan.[46] Diaspora The Marwari group of Rajasthanis have a substantial diaspora throughout India, where they have been established as traders.[47] Marwari migration to the rest of India is essentially a movement in search of opportunities for trade and commerce. In most cases Rajasthanis migrate to other places as traders.[48] Maharashtra In Maharashtra (an ancient Maratha Desh) Rajasthanis are mainly merchants and own large to medium size business houses. Maheshwaris are mainly Hindus (some are also Jains) who migrated from Rjputna in olden days. They usually worship all Gods and Goddesses along with their village deities.[49] Marwaris Marwaris (Rajasthani: ) or Rajasthani people are Indo-Aryan ethnic group, that inhabit the Rajasthan region of India. Their language Rajasthani is a part of the western group of Indo-Aryan languages. The development of the fresco paintings on Havelis is linked with the history of the Marwaris. The work examines the early history of the Marwari community its social, religious, cultural and caste identities and its commercial activities in the eastern region of India, mainly its industrial activities and cultural and political contributions. Based on surveys and references to government records, it highlights qualitites of the Marwaris that have helped them achieve success in their pioneering efforts. Contents:- History/ Linguistic History/ The community/ Religion/ Language/ Diaspora/ Demographics/ Marwadis as Business Community of India/ Notable Marwaris History Although history of Rajasthan goes back to as far as Indus Valley Civilization, the foundation of Rajasthani community took shape with the rise of Western Middle Kingdoms such as Western Kshatrapas. Western Kshatrapas (35-405 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the Indo-Scythians. The Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and establish the Saka era (with Saka calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps kingdom.[1] Saka calendar is used by Rajasthani community and it has been adopted as Indian national calendar. With time their social structures got stronger reorganizations giving birth to several martial sub ethnic groups (previously called as Martial race but now obsolete term). The several recorded account begins from the time of Mughal empire. Since the time of the Mughal period (16th century-19th centuries), particularly from the time of Akbar (15421605), Marwari entrepreneurs have been moving out of their homeland of Marwar and Rajasthan, and adjoining regions, to different parts of Undivided India. The first waves migration took place during the Mughal period, and a number of Marwari baniyas moved to the eastern parts of India, currently comprising the Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, and Jharkhand; as well as the nation of Bangladesh. During the period of the Nawabs of Bengal, Marwari farmers exhibited their acumen, and controlled the mint and banking. Jagat Seth who controlled the finances of Murshidabad Darbar was an Oswal, one of several sub-groups of Marwaris. The business houses of Gopal Das and Banarasi Das, also Oswal Marwaris, undertook large scale commercial and banking activities.Sarkar Laxmichand Hingarh was a Marwari king who governed few villages of the Gorwar region . Gorwar region's topmost HUF firm, Rikhabdas Sardarmal and Kesarimal Kundanmal was founded and managed by Oswal Marwaris from Rani, Rajasthan and they were pioneers in starting Umbrella in India .Marwaris came force from rajput community like all other people adopted agriculture and trade during mughal and birtish ruled. Several Marwari farmers after permanenet settlement was introduced by the British Raj, acquired large estates, in eastern part of India, particularly in Bengal. They included Dulalachand Singh (alias Dulsing), a Porwal Marwari, who had acquired several Zamindaris around Dhaka, currently the capital of Bangladesh, as also in Bakarganj, Patuakhali, and Comilla, all places currently part of Bangladesh. These Zamindaris were managed and co-owned with khwajas of Dhaka. Dulalchand Singh family also emerged as a business tycoon controlling jute trade. After Indi Fi W of Independence (185758), when social and political disturbances subsided, another wave of large scale migration of Marwaris took place, and during the remaining period of 19th century, a number of Marwari business houses, small and big, had emerged. The Marwari community controlled all the major business ,social activities of a large geographical areas of the eastern parts of the Indian subcontinent. With a sizeable presence in present day Myanmar and Bangladesh, they controlled major trading and commercial activities in the regions currently comprising the Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Jharkhand. They also had almost complete control of indigenous banking, finance and hundi. They took the hundi business to areas where the system was unknown, which included Chittagong, Khulna, Naogaon, Mymensingh, and Arakan. They competed successfully in these areas with Chettiars who were located in the region for long. Linguistic History

Rajasthani language is evolved from Old Gujarati (1100 AD 1500 AD) (also called Old Western Rajasthani, Gujjar Bhakha or Maru-Gurjar), language spoken by the Gurjars (Gujjars) in Gujarat and Rajasthan.[2]Formal grammar of Rajasthani language was written by Jain monk and eminent scholar Hemachandra Suri in the reign of Solanki king Siddharaj Jayasinh of Anhilwara (Patan). The community The Marwaris name was given to people of Rajasthan by Kolkata, who migrated for trading and to do business in Kolkata. The term 'Marwari' had a geographical connotation, so there can be a Marwari Farmer, Trader, Rajput, Brahmin, and so on. Traders and farmer of could be found all over the India, they have migrated themselves in search of business. Many people from various Marwari castes migrated to distant states for business, agriculture and later became successful. The term "Marwari" caught on as a way to refer to a businessman from Marwar. This usage is imprecise. Other castes from Rajasthan did not migrate to such an extent, so awareness about them in other states is low. Marwaris comprise the people who originally belonged to Rajasthan, particularly, areas in and around Jaipur,Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Bikaner, Pali, Jalore, Nagaur and certain other adjoining areas. There is a saying in Hindi -"Jahan Naa Pahunche RailGadi,Wahan Pahunche BailGadi, Aur Jahan Naa Pahunche BailGadi Wahan Pahunche Marwari" Religion Marwaris are predominantly Hindu However, regardless of their affiliation, Hindu and Jain Marwaris mingle with each other socially. In some rare cases they share matrimonial relations and traditional rituals together. There are also Marwari Brahmins like dadheechs, Shrimalis, Pushkarnas and Gauds. The Jat's have largest population in Marwar also the Sainik, Kshatriyas, Rajput, Clans of Mandore. Marwar is the second largest population group in Jodhpur, Marwar. The major Mandorva Rajputs Surnames are - Kachwaha, Bhati, Parihar (Pratihara), Deora, Chauhan, Parmar (Panwar), Solanki, Tanwar, Sankhla, Rathore etc. Marwari's Marwar used to be a region of Rajasthan before independence of India, located in the central and western areas of the state and the residents of Marwar region were called Marwaris. The Marwar region includes the central and western parts of Rajasthan. The word Marwar is considered to be derived from Sanskrit word Maruwat, the meaning of maru being 'desert'. Shekhawati region is adjacent to Haryana. Language Dark green indicates Marwari speaking home area in Rajasthan, light green indicates additional dialect areas where speakers identify their language as Marwari. Marwari is a language belonging to the Sanskritic subgroup, of the Indo-Aryan branch, of the Indo-European language family. Marwari, or Marrubhasha, as it is referred to by Marwaris, is the traditional, historical, language of the Marwari ethnicity. The "Marwari" spoken by the marwari merchants,Farmers,social workers of the previous generation was actually the dialect of Shekhawati/Dhundhar region. Large numbers, especially in Rajasthan, still converse fluently in Marwari. Various dialects of the language are found, which vary with the speakers' areas of origin, communities etc. The language is facing extinction. Diaspora Marwari spread to many regions of India, and even to neighboring and all other countries around the globe, as they expanded their business and trade networks. Marwari are higher then baniya from UP,Bihar.Marwari donot adopt varna system.In many locales, Marwari immigrants over time (and, usually involving many generations) adopted, or blended into, the regional culture. For example, in Punjab, Marwaris adopted Punjabi, and in Gujarat, Gujarati. Significant concentrations of Marwari traders live in Kolkata in the Burrabazar area and are leading lights in business there. A large number of Marwaris are also in Mumbai, Bangalore, Pune, Chennai and Hyderabad. Marwaris have founded businesses in neighboring Nepal, especially in Birganj, Biratnagar and Kathmandu. Marwari with their business acumen,farmers have migrated across many different parts of the country, and to other countries of the world. In the eastern part of India, they are found in Kolkata, Cuttack, Asansol, Raniganj, Bankura, Siliguri, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, etc., where Marwaris are among the prominent businessmen. Marwaris extended the reach and influence of their Indian financial and commercial networks from the 17th century through the early 19th century to Persia and Central Asia.[citation needed] Demographics The Marwaris now constitute several social groups dispersed throughout India and Pakistan and across the globe, including many remote areas. The total population worldwide is difficult to measure and subject to secular, linguistic, cultural and other parameters of defining who is a Marwari.Now a days, marwaris have also established their business in the western districts of orissa, in Bargarh district, Sambalpur, Jharsuguda, angul, rourkela,delhi,chennai and in bhubaneshwar and Cuttack also. Marwadi have limited resources in marwad area so the spread their wings in multiple location in India , mostly involving in business of Pawn shops in regions of orissa ,Tamil Nadu etc. . The pawn shop mostly deals with giving money to poor in debts. This network has been the harbinger of micro financing. They have brought in capital and financial systems to remote villages.

Marwadis as Business Community of India Marwaris are among the major business classes in India. According to Forbes list 2005 2% of billionaires in the world are Marwaris of rajasthan. Most of the successful channel companies are headed by first-generation entrepreneurs. Almost 90% of the channel in Kolkata comprises Marwari business people. This community is strong in the western region and even down south in places like Chennai. In india, Marwaris contributes a measure sole in IT sector. In some cases, these people were encouraged by their family to get into the IT business. In other cases, people got into the channel business envisioning it to be a great success. Marwaris have all the characteristics what an entrepreneur may possess. They are risk taking people. They are very innovative, creative and broad thinking people. The world's great businessmen like Kumar Mangalam Birla, Laxmi niwas mittal, Shashi ruia & Ravi ruia, Gautam Singhania, Kishor biyani, Vishnuhari Dalmia, Ajay Piramal, Rahul Bajaj, Sunil mittal and many other marwaris are dominating the Business world. Marwari communities lay a lot of onus on family and unity. Major business decisions are often taken after a family, especially elders, into consultation. Marwaris prefer to work with its community people even in business also. They strictly attach with their cultural values and ethics. Marwaris are pure vegetarian people. And this characteristic impacts a lot to their business activity also. Marwaris would like to work with full freedom at work place. They do not prefer to work for a fixed salary and under somebody else's instructions. But today scenario is changing rapidly. They believe working in an environment where more than half their peers belong to own community can be very comfortable and profitable. In Marwari community, finance matters are often done through word of mouth, since there is an underlying belief that these promises will be kept. This can also be a reason why Marwaris like to keep the business within their family. Reason behind marwaris' business approach could be that they are trained early on in life, on the basics of trading. JP Modi of Delhi's Modi Peripherals feels that business is in the very DNA of a Marwari man. "Even if we don't go to any business school or university, we are most likely to excel in business in general. Certain business ethics and values are given to us on a daily basis right from childhood and it all becomes a part of our lives,". Marwaris traditionally come purely from a business background, they are well versed with its various aspects. That can make a difference. Sarad Bawri of Lifeline Enterprises says "We transact business worth crores based merely on word of mouth. So people trust the community as business people, especially as payments are made on time. Our forefathers gained this goodwill and this kind of inherited knowledge helps to a great extent,". Marwari people have made faith in their customers' mind that Marwari businessman will not be dishonest. Almost the entire Marwari community rate themselves as very honest folk. This is what makes them successful in their chosen business fields. Marwaris are also very aggressive when it comes to business, and don't let go of any prospective opportunity that comes their way. Working hard is another aspect about Marwaris that helps in the long run. People's common perception about Marwaris is that they are very stingy by nature. But the people from the community themselves deny this. They are definitely very strict when it comes to finance in business matters as they believe that every penny saved is a penny earned.[3] Famous "Purta System"(Costing) is invented by Marwaris. This system helps them to ensure profit. Notable Marwaris Marwaris are among the major business classes in India. Marwaris are present almost all over in the world. Marwaris contribute a large account to Indian economy in terms of Business. Rank Name Net Worth (Billion USD) City Company Industry ! 1 Lakshmi Mittal 26.1 London ArcelorMittal Steel 2 Shashi Ruia & Ravi Ruia 15.0 Mumbai Essar Group Conglomerate 3 Kumar Mangalam Birla 8.50 Mumbai Aditya Birla Group Conglomerate 4 Venugopal Dhoot 2.65 Mumbai Videocon Conglomerate 5 Gautam Singhania 1.40 Mumbai Raymond Textiles 6 R. P. Goenka 1.30 Kolkata RPG Group Conglomerate 7 Rakesh Jhunjhunwala 1.10 Mumbai Rare Enterprises Investment 8 Rahul Bajaj 1.10 Pune Bajaj Auto Automobiles 9 Kishore Biyani 0.912 Mumbai Future Group Retail Ranthambore National Park Ranthambore National Park (Rajasthani: ) is one of the largest national parks in northern India. It is situated in Sawai Madhopur district of southeastern Rajasthan, about 180 km from Jaipur, which is also the nearest airport. The nearest town and railway station is at Sawai Madhopur, about 11 km away. Ranthambhore was established as the Sawai Madhopur Game Sanctuary in 1955 by the Government of India, and was declared one of the Project Tiger reserves in 1973. Ranthambore became a national park in 1980. In 1984, the adjacent

forests were declared the Sawai Man Singh Sanctuary and Keladevi Sanctuary, and in 1991 the tiger reserve was enlarged to include Sawai Man Singh and Keladevi sanctuaries. Ranthambore wildlife sanctuary is known for its tigers and is one of the best places in India to see these majestic predators in the jungle. Tigers can be easily spotted even during the day time. A good time to visit Ranthambore National Park is in November and May when the nature of the dry deciduous forests makes sightings common. Its deciduous forests were once a part of the magnificent jungles of Central India. The park lies at the edge of a plateau, and is bounded to the north by the Banas River and to the south by the Chambal River. There are several lakes in the park. It is named for the historic Ranthambhore fortress, which lies within the national park. The park covers an area of 392 km, and is known for its tiger population, and is one of India's Project Tiger reserves. Other major wild animals include leopard, nilgai, dhole, wild boar, sambar, hyena, sloth bear and chital. It is also home to wide variety of trees, plants, birds and reptiles. Ranthambore is also the site for one of the largest banyan trees in India. Contents:- Wildlife/ The tigers of Ranthambore/ Major Attractions/ How to get there/ General information

Wildlife

3 year-old male named Baccha (Hindi: Child) residing in the reserve. Ranthambore is best known for its large tiger population. As tourism in the park increased, so did the population of neighbouring villages. This led to increasing amounts of fatal human-tiger interactions and poaching. The Indian Government started Project Tiger in 1973 with an allotted area of 60 mi2. It was later expanded to become what is now called, the Ranthambore National Park. Besides tigers, the reserve has thriving bird population with more than 270 different species of birds here.[1] In 2005, there were 26 tigers living in Ranthambore. This was significantly lower than the recorded tiger population of the reserve in 1982, which then stood at 44. According to non-government sources there were 34 adult tigers in the Ranthambore National Park in 2008. More than 14 tiger cubs were also recorded. This was largely attributed to sustained efforts by forest officials to curb poaching. Villagers in the region were being given incentives to stay out of the park and surveillance cameras were also fitted across the reserve.[2] The Indian government also committed US$153 million for the efforts.[2] These efforts have been successful with Ranthambore having enough tigers to participate in the Sariska Tiger Reserve relocation efforts.[3]The first aerial trans-location of the male tiger (Dara) from Ranthambore to Sariska was done using a Mi-17 helicopter on 28 Jun 2008 by Wing Commander Vimal Raj. But unfortunately, this translocated tiger has died on 15th November, 2010. The reasons for its death are not known as of now. The tigers of Ranthambore During the past few years, there has been a decline in tiger population in Ranthambore due to poaching and other reasons. However there were some tigers who succeeded in carrying on their genes even in such circumstances. A tigress known as "Lady of the Lakes" was, at a very young age, separated from her parents due to increase poaching in the area. The young tigress was called Macchli since she had a mark on her body which resembled a fish. She grew up with great determination for ruling the jungle. She mated with a male who resided just beside her territory and gave birth to three female cubs, one being dubbed 'Macchli - The Junior' in a documentary. Despite Macchli also being the name of her mother, the young cub found herself stuck with the designation. The father of the younger Macchli died early due to an unknown disease, which was confirmed when forest officer Fateh Singh Rathore saw him in Ranthambore. After this, the elder Macchli found the scent of a different male, known as Bumburam, and mated with him. She gave birth to two cubs. Baccha is believed to be her grandson. Major Attractions A panaromic view of Ranthambore NP from Ranthambore Fort.

Forests: The Park consists of typical dry deciduous elements with Anogeissus pendula forests - a dominant tree species. However, mix deciduous elements could be seen in the valleys and along water bodies. The Flora of the Park is represented by 539 species of flowering plants. Tigers: The Park is one of the best national parks in the country to spot a tiger. This majestic predator can be spotted ambling or basking under the sun here. Safari Rides: Rides are carried out at two times: 06:30 and 14:30. Each ride lasts for about 3 hours. There are two options of vehicles for the safari : 20 seater open top canter or 6 seater open top gypsy. Each ride costs around Rs400500 per person. The core park area has been divided into several zones and the safari vehicles go on one of those zones. Since there is a good chance of not sighting a tiger in one outing, people usually take more than one ride. There are a lot of quality resorts on the way from Sawai Madhopur to the national park. Ranthambore Fort: The majestic fort, built in 10th-century, towers over the entire park area. It stands at a height of 700 feet above the surrounding plain. Inside the fort, there are three red Karauli stone temples devoted to Ganesh, Shiva and Ramlalaji. The temples were constructed in 12th and 13th centuries. Padam Talao: This is the largest of the all the lakes located inside the park, and the beautiful red sandstone Jogi Mahal is located at the very edge of this lake. A gigantic banyan ee, con ide ed o be Indi econd l ge , i ne the lake. How to get there By Air : Jaipur at 180 km is the nearest airport from Ranthambore wildlife sanctuary. By Rail : Ranthambore National Park is around 11 km away from Sawai Madhopur railway station, that lies on the Delhi to Mumbai trunk route. This is by far the best way of reaching the place from Delhi or Jaipur. By Road : A good network of buses connect Sawai Madhopur, the nearest town from Ranthambore to all the major cities within the state of Rajasthan. The frequency of direct services though is not very great. Mostly you have to first take a bus to either Tonk or Dausa. General information Aravali Range inside Ranthambhore, Rajasthan.

National Park area: 275 km core area. 392 km including buffer zone. Tiger Reserve area: 1334 km Altitude: 215 to 505 meters above sea level Closest airport is Jaipur at 180 km Terrain: Dense tropical dry forest, open bushland and rocky terrain interspersed with lakes and streams Ecoregion: Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forests Best Season: From November to March Closed: Monsoon season (July - August)

Sariska Tiger Reserve The Sariska Tiger Reserve is a national park in India located in the Alwar district of the state of Rajasthan. The topography of Sariska supports scrub-thorn arid forests, dry deciduous forests, rocks and grasses. This area was a hunting preserve of the erstwhile Alwar state and it was declared a wildlife reserve in 1955. In 1978, it was given the status of a tiger reserve making it a part of India's Project Tiger scheme. The present area of the park is 866 km. The park is situated 107 km from Jaipur and 200 km from Delhi.[1] The area of Sariska, being a part of the Aravalli Range, is rich in mineral resources, e.g. copper. In spite of the Supreme Court's 1991 ban on mining in the area, marble mining continues to threat the environment.[2] Some of the wildlife found in the Sariska Tiger Reserve include the Bengal tiger, leopard, jungle cat, caracal, striped hyena, golden jackal, chital, sambhar, nilgai, chinkara, four-horned antelope 'chousingha' (extinct)[3], wild boar, hare, hanuman langur, Rhesus monkeys, and plenty of bird species and reptiles. Birds include Peafowl, Grey Partridge,

Bush Quail, Sand Grouse, Tree Pie, Golden backed Wood Pecker, Crested Serpent Eagle and the Great Indian Horned Owl. The dominant tree in the forests is dhok (Anogeissus pendula). Other trees are e.g. salar (Boswellia serrata), kadaya (Sterculia urens), dhak (Butea monosperma), gol (Lannea coromandelica), ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) and khair (Acacia catechu). Bargad (Ficus benghalensis), arjun (Terminalia arjuna), gugal (Commiphora wightii) or bamboo can also be met at some places. Shubs are numerous, such as kair (Capparis decidua), adusta (Adhatoda vesica) and jhar ber (Ziziphus nummularia). Contents:- Historical places/ Tiger population/ Relocation efforts/ General information Historical places An image of the Sariska Palace within Tiger Reserve. The reserve is also the location of several sites of historical importance such as the 17th-century Kankwadi fort, originally built by Jai Singh II, is located near the centre of the park. The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb briefly imprisoned there his brother Dara Shikoh in the struggle for succession of the throne. Pandupol in the hills in the centre of the reserve is believed to be one of the retreats of Pandava. Hanuman temple in Pandupol is a favourite pilgrimage site which is the source of problems to wildlife especially due to heavy traffic. Nilkanth temples were built by Bargujars. Neelkanth or Rajor Garh was the capital of Bargujars. Tal Briksh to the north is special by its warm water spring. Bhartrihari, not far from the Sariska village, is crowded by pilgrims. The ruler of Ujjain, Raja Bhartrihari meditated at this place. The area also has buildings associated with the kings of Alwar such as the Sariska Palace, which was used as a royal hunting lodge of Maharaja Jai Singh. Tiger population In 2004, there were strong and persistent reports that no tigers were being sighted in Sariska Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan. It was not only that tigers were not being seen but also and more alarmingly, there were no indirect evidence of ige p e ence ( uch pugmarks, scratch marks on trees etc.) being found. The Rajasthan Forest Department took the stand that "the tigers had temporarily migrated outside the reserve and would be back after the rains". The Project Tiger, now National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), backed this assumption. There were some 15 tigers in the last years before. In January 2005, journalist Jay Mazoomdaar broke the news [4] that there were no tigers left in Sariska. Soon the Rajasthan Forest Department and the Project Tiger Directorate declared an "emergency tiger census" in Sariska and the Central Bureau of Investigation, India's premier intelligence agency, conducted a probe. After a two month exercise they finally declared that Sariska indeed did not have any tigers left. Poaching was blamed to be one of the major reasons for the disappearance of tiger.[5] Deer in Sariska Reserve. Relocation efforts Road to Sariska Palace, Sariska. In 2005, the Government of Rajasthan in co-operation with the Government of India and Wildlife Institute of India (WII) planned the re-introduction of tiger to Sariska and also the relocation of villages.[6] Some plans to construct bypass roads were also there.[7] However, it took several years to take a more concrete steps. It was decided to move one male and two female tigers from Ranthambore National Park.[8] The Rajasthan forest officials rushed to fly two tigers from Ranthambhore in JuneJuly 2008 ignoring recommendations of the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and the Tiger Task Force. The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) along with the Government of Rajasthan started tracking the relocated tigers with the help of ISRO's reconnaissance satellites.[9] The first aerial translocation of the male tiger (Dara) from Ranthambhore to Sariska was done on 28 June 2008 and when the relocated tiger made its first kill in the enclosure there was a hope that tigers may adapt to the new environment in Sariska Reserve. [10] Only two of the four villages experts had said needed to be relocated were actually moved, though the second, Kankwari[11], was shifted long after the tigers were re-introduced. The first relocated village was Bhagani. Also, the diversion of roads crossing the reserve, an issue critical to the survival of its wildlife, continues to be a problem. [12] One more tigress was shifted to Sariska from Ranthambhore in February 2009 [13]. Thus, the reserve had one tiger and two tigresses. On 28 July 2010, another tigress was brought here from Ranthambhore National Park. Thus, altogether

five tigers two males and three females were dwelling in the reserve till November 2010 when the first relocated tiger died.[14] Unfortunately, it is almost certain that the first three of the five so far relocated tigers came from one father. Moreover, the first two tigresses have the same mother.[15] The breeding of close relatives leads to inbreeding. General information Water body within the Sariska Reserve, Rajasthan.

Area: 866 km total (497 km core, 369 km buffer) Altitude: Between 300 m and 722 m MSL Rainfall: Average 650 mm (per year) Forest Types: Tropical Dry Deciduous and Tropical Thorn

Kathputli (Puppet) Kathputli is a string puppet theatre, native to Rajasthan, India, and is the most popular form of Indian puppetry.[1] Being a string marionette, it is controlled by a single string that passes from the top of the puppet over the puppeteers. Contents:- Etymology/ History/ Overview/ Benefits of Kathputli Puppetry as a learning medium for kids Etymology Kathputli is a join of two rajasthani language words Kath meaning wood and Putli meaning puppet. Kathputli means a puppet which is made entirely from wood. However it is made out of wood, cotton cloth and metal wire. History A Kathputli show in Mandawa, Rajasthan Some scholars believe Kathputli art tradition is more than thousands years old. [2] One finds its reference in Rajasthani folk tales, ballads and sometimes even in folk songs. The tribes of Rajasthan have been performing this art from the ancient times and it has become an eternal part of Rajasthani culture and tradition. No village fair, no religious festival and no social gathering in Rajasthan can be complete without the Kathputlis. It is believed that somewhere 1500 years ago, tribal Rajasthani Bhat community started the use of Kathputli as string marionette art and it is in their love for tradition that art of Kathputli survived the test of time. Tradition of Kathputli is based on folk tales and stories. Scholars believe that folk tales convey the lifestyle of ancient Rajasthani tribal people and Kathputli art might have originated from present day Nagaur and surrounding areas.[3] Rajasthani Kings and nobles were patrons of Art and Craft and they encouraged the craftsmen in activities ranging from wood and marble carving to weaving, pottery and painting. Over the last 500 years, Kathputli was a system of patronage supported by kings and well-off families. The patrons would look after the i in e u n fo he i inging p i e of he p on nce o . Bh communi y claim that their ancestors had performed for royal families, and received great honour and prestige from the rulers of Rajasthan.[4] Today Kathputli art is one of the most popular performing arts of Rajasthan after Ghoomar. Organisations like Rupayan Sansthan in Jodhpur founded by Vijaydan Detha and Komal Kothari in 1960 and Bharatiya Lok Kala Mandal, Udaipur, founded by Devilal Samar in 1952, are working in the field preserving and promoting the art of Kathputli, the latter even has a puppet theater as well as puppet museum.[5] Capital New Delhi also has an area known as 'Kathputli Colony', in Shadipur Depot, where puppeteers, magicians, acrobats, dancers and musicians and other itinerant performance groups have settled since half a century.[6][7][8] Overview Characteristic to this form are the shrill voices produced by the lead puppeteer which are spoken through a bamboo reed. The art of Rajasthani puppetry (also called Kathputli) originated a thousand years ago when the Bhat community began to practice this art. Patronised by many ruling families in the state, it soon grew into a major art form of the region. Due to the invasion of Rajasthan by the Mughals, Kathputli gradually lost its importance. It has been one of the oldest forms of entertainment. Historically, these puppets were not only a source of entertainment, but also provided moral and social education. The shows tackled problems like the dowry system, women's empowerment,

illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, and cleanliness. These puppet shows made people aware of the social problems that everybody was facing and also showed ways of solving them. Benefits of Kathputli Puppetry as a learning medium for kids

It provides children opportunity for verbal expression. It helps in developing creative temperament. It encourages and develops team work capabilities in children. It can be used to develop relevant voice modulation. It help in developing emotional behavior.

Districts Rajasthan is divided into 33 districts and seven divisions Ajmer district Contents: - Ajmer Geography/ Cities and towns in Ajmer district/ Ajmer District is a district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. The city of Ajmer is the district headquarters. Ajmer District has an area of 8,481 km, and a population of 2,180,526 (2001 census),Three main groups are; Hindu 1,869,044, Muslim 244,341, Jains 47,812. The district is situated in the center of Rajasthan, and is bounded by Nagaur District to the north, Jaipur and Tonk districts to the east, Bhilwara District to the south, and Pali District to the west.

Ajmer Geography The eastern portion of the district is generally flat, broken only by gentle undulations, but the western parts, from north-west to south-west, are intersected by the great Aravalli Range. Many of the valleys in this region are sandy deserts, part of India's Thar Desert, with an occasional oasis of cultivation, but there are also some very fertile tracts; among these is the plain on which lies the town of Ajmer. This valley, however, is not only fortunate in possessing a noble artificial lake, but is protected by the massive walls of the Nagpathar range or Serpent rock, which forms a barrier against the sand. The only hills in the district are the Aravalli Range and its offshoots. Ajmer is almost totally devoid of rivers, the Banas being the only stream which can be dignified with that name, and it only touches the southeastern boundary of the district so as to irrigate the pargana of Samur. Four small streamsthe Sagarmati, Saraswati, Khari and Daialso intersect the district. In the dry weather they are little more than brooks. The district is divided into four subdivisions, Ajmer, Beawar, Kekri and Kishangarh, and further subdivided into six tehsils, Ajmer, Beawar, Nasirabad, India, Kekri, Kishangarh. Cities and towns in Ajmer district

Ajmer Beawar Kekri Kiranipura Kishangarh Nasirabad Pushkar Sarwar Vijainagar Beawar Beawar (Hindi: b j ) is a city in the Rajasthan state of India. It is located 190 kilometres (118 mi) southwest of the state capital Jaipur, and situated amidst the Aravali hills. It is an important centre of trade, especially in raw cotton, and has cotton presses and the Krishna cotton mills. It is the second largest centre of the wool trade and the second largest producer of carpet-grade woollen yarn in India. It also has a food processing industry. Other

industries include masala, mineral based units, machine based units, machine tools and accessories, pre-stressed concrete pipes, plastic products, textiles, wooden furniture and asbestos cement pipes. It is the largest producer of cement in northern India and home to Shree cement. It is also mineral rich and has reserves of feldspar, quartz, asbestos, soapstone, magnesite, calcite, limestone, mica, emerald, granite, and masonry stone. Fairly good reserves of barytes, fluorite, wolastonite and vermiculite have also been found. The nearest airport is in Jaipur, at a distance of 190 km. Contents

1 History 2 Places Of interest 3 Beawar City 4 Education 5 Culture 6 Geography 7 Demographics 8 Church 9 References 10 External links

History Beawar [ ] was founded by Colonel Dixon in 1835. Beawar was a part of British India, the administrative headquarters of Merwara district. It was founded as a treaty between the Mewars and the British people. Beawar is situated at a strategic location in Rajasthan, India. The city was founded in 1836 as a military cantonment, between the royal states of Jaipur, Jodhpur, and Udaipur. It was named after a local village called Beawar Khas.It is a subdivisional headquarters where all the Government Offices of District administration are located. It is the birth-place of international classic mathematician DMY Sommerville. In history only two mathematicians came from Rajasthan, one is Jagannatha_Samrat from Jaipur & DMY is the second from Beawar. Places Of interest

Desert Circle Beawar

Sankat Mochan Hanumaan TempleSankat Mochan Hanumaan Temple evening-time, Beawar noon-time, Beawar

Beawar City Inner Beawar City: The inner city of Beawar has parallel roads and offers rich history of the city. Outer Beawar City The outer area of Beawar is a developing area. Residential expansion is taking place on Ajmer road, Sendra Road and Delwara road. New shopping complexes outside Chand gate and various hotels have also opened. The outer city also has a bus stand, railway station, church, SD college and cinema halls Jaimandir and Rupbani. Hotels in Beawar Most of the hotels are centred around the bus stand and railway station, but as travelling patterns change, others are developing on the roads leading into town. www.beawarhistory.com Vasudeo Mangal, Geetakunj Ph 91 1462 252597 Education Beawar has six CBSE affiliated schools, namely

St Paul's Sr.Sec. School (Convent), Sardar Vallabh Bai Patel school(State Government),

Central Academy (Sree Cement), Kendriya Vidhyalaya (Central Government), B L Gothi School (Recently affiliated), Vivekanand International College (affiliated to AAIDU Allahabad), Aaryabhatta Academy (Recently affiliated), and Mangal Newton School (Recently affiliated).

Culture Baba Ramdev ji Beawar Fair is known by tourists.[citation needed] Locals of Beawar gather to celebrate Baadshah, which means "King". The Baadshah travels across the town to reach the Mayor's office, spraying color all over the town celebrate the festival of colors Holi. It is celebrated in memory of the one-day king "Agarwal". "Baadshah" is decorated with traditional style and goes up to the magistrate office where it plays and gives its resolutions for the public. In front of it, another person, "Beerbal", dances in his special style on this auspicious occasion. On the day of "Baadshah", there are performances by localized people in "Teliwara" as well as near the Suraj Pol gate. Geography Beawar is located at 26.1 N 74.32 E. It has an average elevation of 439 metres (1440 feet). For better and clear viewing of old urban area map click on this link Demographics As of 2001 India census, Beawar had a population of 223,701. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Beawar has an average literacy rate of 71%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 58% of the males and 42% of females literate[citation needed]. 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. Beawar has several temples such as Neel Kanth Mahadev dedicated to Lord Shiva, Ganesh Temple , or Badarbattu Ka Mandir, near Arvind Kirana Store Outside Suraj Pol Gate, and the Balaji Maharaj (Hanuman) at Sree Cement. Church

Shoolbread Memorial C. N. I. Church of Beawar Rajasthan ( It is the First Church of Rajasthan at Beawar.) Infant Jesus Church in the St. Paul's Sr. Sec. School

Kekri Kekri is a city and a municipality in Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Geography

Kekri is located at 2558N 7509E / 25.97N 75.15E[1]. Earlier this city was known as kanakawati Nagari, named on the Name of princess kanakawati, but now it is known as Kekri. It is mainly an industrial area having an Agricultural mandi, Oil Meels and some Other industries. Theare are so many tamples like Charbhuja Mandil, Bijasan mata mandir, Jain mandir, Laxminatji mandir, Shiv mandir, Kekradheesh mandir etc. The main source of water supply is Bisalpur Dam. It is centrally situated among Rajsthan's major cities Ajmer, Jaipur, Kota, Bhilwara and Tonk.. There is Govt. sr. sec. school (separate for boys and girls), Govt. College, Alok Science College, Gurukul Commerce and Art Collage, ITI. BEd. and lots of other English and Hindi medium schools. There are meany other institutes also for computers and other courses. There is one health care center or Govt. Hospital and other private nursing homes are also nearly located to it. Kekri 80KM from Ajmer and 130KM from Jaipur. Demographics

As of 2001 Kekri had a population of 34,129. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Kekri has an average literacy rate of %, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 51%. In Kekri, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. 'now coming soon IT Hub at kekri There are 10 mobile network - BSNL, Airtel, Vodafone, Idea, Reliance, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, MTS India, Cheers, and Aircel. Ki nipu Kiranipura is a census town in Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Demographics As of 2001 India census[1], Kiranipura had a population of 4941. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Kiranipura has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 66%. In Kiranipura, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. Contents: - Princely history/ Demographics/ Kishangarh Painting/ Bani Than Kishangarh Kishangarh ( in Hindi) is a city and a municipality in Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It lies 18 miles north-west of Ajmer. It is well connected via Indian Railways and National Highway #8. It is the birth place of the Kishangarh style of painting, which is known for the beautiful depiction of a courtesan known as Bani Thani. In recent years, Kishangarh has come to be known as the marble city of India. It is purported to be the only place in the world with a temple of nine planets. Princely history Kishangarh was founded by the Jodhpur prince Kishan Singh in 1609 by Kishan Singh. Princely flag of Kishangarh Coat of Arms (1893) Kishangarh was the capital of the eponymous princely state during the British Raj, which was located in the Rajputana agency. It had an area of 2210 km (858 miles) and a population in 1901 of 90,970. This figure for population represented a decrease of 27% over the census figure of 1891, something presumably attributable to the famine of 1899-1900. The state enjoyed an estimated revenue of Rs.34,000/- and paid no tribute to the British Raj. In 1840, Prithvi Singh, became the 15th Maharaja of Kishangarh, and reigned till his death in 1879, after which he was succeeded by his son, Sardul Singh [1].The famous kishangarh fort was captured by Pakistani troops during the 1965 war and the Pakistani flag was hoisted on the fort. Major Daulat Singh ji from Sardar Singh ji ki Dhani was Prime Misnister of Shahpura State, later on he was Jagir Commissioner in Govt of Rajasthan, He has served Rajasthan State as distinguished bureocrate, later on he was honoured having accorded with the Managing Director The bank of Rajasthan Ltd. Prithvi Singh (r.1840-1879), 15th Maharaja of Kishangarh, early 1870s. The state was founded in the early 17th century by Kishan Singh, a younger son of the raja of Jodhpur, during the reign of Akbar (r.1556-1605)[1]. He was a courtier of the Mughals, and was rewarded for services rendered to the emperor Akbar. In 1818, Kishangarh first came into direct relations with the British by entering into a treaty, in common its neighbouring states, for the suppression of the Pindari marauders by whom the country was at that time overrun. The chief, who held the title of Maharaja, was a Rajput of the Rathor clan. Maharaja Madan Singh ascended the throne in 1900 at the age of sixteen, at a time when the state was reeling from the impact of a devastating drought. The administration under him and his diwan was widely deemed worthy of approbation; irrigation from tanks and wells was extended and factories for ginning and pressing cotton were started. A social reform movement for discouraging excessive expenditure on marriages made remarkable impact during his reign.

The present maharaja (sic) is Brijraj Singhji. The town of Kishangarh has a beautiful palace-hotel known as PhoolMahal. The city also has a large pond known as the Gond Talav. There are many picnic and religious places situated at the banks of Gond Talav such as Mukham Vilas and Bhairu Ghat. The city also have a small temple of nine planets known as NavGrah. The Kishangarh Fort is being surrounded by canal that was built by Kishan Singh. Demographics As of 2001 India census[2], Kishangarh had a population of 116,156. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Kishangarh has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 52%. In Kishangarh, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Kishangarh Painting Kishangarh Painting [3]. emerged as a distinctive style in the middle of 18th century under the patronage of Maharaja Sawant Singh. Nihal Chand, a gifted artist in the Maharaja's court, produced some highly individualistic Radha and sophisticated works. The chief characteristics of the Kishengarh paintings were the elongation of human faces, lavish use of green and depiction of panoramic landscapes. Portrayal of Radha and Krishna in elongated faces is a common subject of Kishangarh paintings. The elongated neck, the long stylised eyes with drooping eyelids, the thin lips and pointed chin of Radha standing in a graceful pose with her head covered with a muslin odhni, is undoubtedly the most striking creation of the Kishangarh school. This style continued into the 19th century and a series of paintings of the Gita Govinda were produced in 1820. Bani Thani The most famous Kishangarh painting is called Bani Thani.[4] The Indian government has engraved it on one of it's postal stamps. The Bani Thani style of painting got its name from a story with a twist of romance to it. In the Kishangarh court during the 18th century there ruled a poet-king called Raja Samant Singh (16991764) who had eyes only fo B ni Th ni, cou inge nd poe . B ni Th ni eye we e wh d ew S m n Singh o he , nd o did he inging. Seeing B ni Th ni inging in hi cou e ch d y helped he king he g ow fonde . Now S m n Singh wrote poetry under the name of Nagari Das, and since Bani Thani was a poet in her own right too, love was not far behind. Nasirabad Contents:- History/ Demographics/ Overview/ Education/ Transportation Nasirabad (Hindi: Rajasthan. History The name is based on a famous English officer (Sir David Ochterlony), who was honoured with the name "NASIRUD-DAULA" (the Defender of the State), by Mughal Badshah Shah Alam II. The city is known for its Army population. Many soldiers and officers are posted here every year. Also, this is the second station in Rajputana, after Beawer, where missionary work started in 1860's during the epidemic of Plague. Demographics As of 2001 India census[1], Nasirabad had a population of 49,111. Males constitute 58% of the population and females 42%. Nasirabad has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 64%. In Nasirabad, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.It is surrounded by the Aravali ranges. Overview This city has a significance for the Indian Army. Nasirabad Cantonment has one of the biggest firing range in India. The army has almost surrounded this town. As far as the security is concerned this is one of the safest place available in Rajasthan due to the presence of the Indian Army. The way this city has grown is awesome. People from different , Urdu: ) i cantonment town in Ajmer district in the Indian state of

states of India have been interacting with the local population. THe Indian army again plays an important role in this activity. This is one of the most famous place in Rajasthan where the 1857 revolt erupted. This was the place which represented Rajasthan in this mutiny. The city is surrounded with Ajmer, Beawer, and Kishangarh. The GAIL has made this an important place. The largest Gas Plant in Asia is situated in Dilwara, Nasirabad. With the development of this Gas Plant ample of opportunities have raised. Transportation system is a vital player in this as the transportation of Gas and Petroleum products is a necessary activity with this. Nasirabad is a charming, little town where you will still find horse-drawn carts, home-based oil-pressers, and smalltime jewellers catering to the neighbouring villages. There is a famous eatable known as Kachora, available. This is a round shaped fried chapati with an abnormal size. A Kachora normally weighs 500 to 600 grams. This is full of spices and is one of the most famous mouth watering eatable. The Halwai or the one who prepares these Kachoras is Chawanni Lal Halwai. Kachora is widely appreciated as a morning snack and people come from far-off places to eat it. Smt. Krishna Kumari is a lady who was awarded by Prime Minister of that time Shri Chandra Shekhar in the year 1991 for her best services in Guide. Param Vir Chakra Abdul Hamid was under training as a soldier when our war broke out with Pakistan in 1965. He was sent to the front and destroyed USA's Patton Tanks numbering 8-10 single handed and died setting an example of etreme bravery. Another high point of Nasirabad Cantt is that former Prime Minsiter Zulfikar Ali Bhotto was first commissioned in the army. Lastly tbe Band of Grenadiers Regimental Centre is sent to Delhi in ceremonial parades. Education Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan has achieved highest ratio of passed students for last decades for tenth & twelfth standard board Examinations. Other CBSE schools are: Army School, St. Johns, Ravindra Public Secondary School, etc. Transportation Nasirabad Cantonment is well connected with railways (Broad Gauge of Indian Railways) and also connected with Golden Quadrilateral of Delhi - Mumbai route. Closest Airport is Sanganer Airport, Jaipur which is around 135km from the city. Nasirabad has largest number of trailer owners in India. Pushkar Pushkar (Hindi: ) is a town in the Ajmer district in the state of Rajasthan, India. It is situated at 14 km North West from Ajmer at an average elevation of 510 metres (1673 feet), and is one of the five sacred dhams (pilgrimage sites for devout Hindus). It is often called "Tirth Raj" - the king of pilgrimage sites - and has in recent years become a popular destination for foreign tourists. Pushkar is one of the oldest cities of India. Pushkar lies on the shore of Pushkar Lake. The date of its actual origin is not known, but legend associates Lord Brahma with its creation. It is mentioned that Brahma performed penance here for 60,000 years to have a glimpse of Vishnu. Pushkar has many temples. Most of the temples are not very old, since many were destroyed during Muslim conquests in the area.[citation needed] Subsequently, the destroyed temples were re-built. The most famous among all is the Brahma Temple built during the 14th century AD. Very few temples to Lord Brahma exist anywhere in the world. Other temples of Brahma include Bithoor in Uttar Pradesh, India; village Asotra near Balotra city of Barmer district in Rajasthan; Mother Temple of Besakih in Bali, Indonesia; and Prambanan in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Pushkar lake has 52 ghats where pilgrims descend to the lake to bathe in the sacred waters. Pushkar is also famous for its annual Pushkar Camel Fair. The natural environment of Pushkar and the sacred lake has become increasingly degraded in the last few decades. The problems stem mainly from over-development of tourist facilities and the deforestation of the surrounding area.[1]

Contents: - Etymology/ History/ Places to see/ Pushkar Fair/ Camel Safari in Pushkar/ Other Attractions/ Demographics/ Transport/ Air/ Road/ Rail

Etymology Pushkar seen from Saraswati temple Deity inside the Brahma temple at Pushkar, Rajasthan Pushkar in Sanskrit means blue lotus flower.[2] Hindus believe that the gods released a swan with a lotus in its beak and let it fall on earth where Brahma would perform a grand yagna. The place where the lotus fell was called Pushkar. History Pushkar is one of the oldest cities of India. The date of its actual founding is not known, but legend associates Lord Brahma with its creation. It is mentioned that Brahma performed penance here for 60,000 years to have glimpse of Radha Krishna. According to legend, Brahma was in search of a place for Mahayagna and he found this place suitable.After a long time, Brahma came to known that a demon, Vajranash, was killing people here so the Lord intoned a mantra on a lotus flower and killed the demon.During this process the parts of flower fell on three places which were later known as Jyaistha, Madhya and Kanistha Pushkar. After this Brahma performed a yagna to protect this place from demons.The consort of Brahma, Saraswathi, were needed to offer Ahuti for the yagna but she was not there that time so Gayatri, a Gurjar girl, was married to brahma and performned yagna.This act made first wife of Brahma, Saraswathi, angry and she curshed Brahma saying that he would be worshiped in Pushkar only.[3] From that day the priests in Pushkar temple are from Gurjar community.[4] The Ramayan mentions Pushkar and says that Vishvamitra performed tapa here. It further says that the Apsara Menaka came to Pushkara to bathe in its sacred waters. The Mahabharata says that while laying down a programme for Maharaja Yudhishthara vel, M h j f e entering the Jungles of Sind and crossing the small rivers on the way should bathe in Pushkara". And, as per Vaman Purana, Prahlada on his pilgrimage to holy places visited Pushkarayana. A Gurjara Pratihara (Gurjar) ruler of Mandore, Nahadarava, restored this tirtha in the seventh century. He got the place cleared and the lake restored by making an embankment on the side of the river Luni. He rebuilt old palaces and built twelve dharmashalas (resting places) and ghats on three sides of the lake. According to Rajputana Gazetteer Pushkar was held by Chechi Gurjars (Gujjars) till about 700 years ago.Later Some shrines were occupied by Kanphati Jogis.[5] There are still priests from Gujar community in Pushkar temple, known as Bhopas.[6] The sage Parasara is said to have been born here. His descendants, called Parasara Brahamanas, are found in Pushkar and the surrounding area. The famous temple of Jeenmata has been cared for by Parasara Brahmans for the last 1,000 years. Pushkarana Brahamanas may also have originated here. It is also the venue of the annual Pushkar Camel Fair. In 1901, the town was part of the Rajputana Agency had a population of 3,831.[7] Places to see The Pushkar Lake The Brahma temple at Pushkar

The Sri Sawai Bhoj Temple[8] Jagat Pita Shri Brahma temple Varaha temple Apteshwar Mahadev temple Savitri temple Temple of Rangji (New and Old) or Shri Vaikunthnathji Man Mahal Gurudwara Singh Sabha (Patrons: Jaswinder Singh & Harmeet Bhatti)

Varah Temple. This temple is to God Vishnu. It is one of the most visited temples in Pushkar city. It is said that Lord Vishnu gave a visit to this area to kill an atrocious demon Hirnayaksha.

Fairs

Nagaur Fair Pushkar Fair Tejaji fair

Pushkar Fair Pushkar fair continues for five days and these five days are a period of relaxation and merry-making for the villagers. This fair time is the most busy time for them, as this is one of the largest cattle fairs in the country. Animals, including over 50,000 camels, are brought from miles around to be traded and sold.[9] Trading is brisk as several thousand heads of cattle exchange hands. All the camels are cleaned, washed, adorned, some are interestingly shorn to form patterns, and special stalls are set up selling finery and jewelery for the camels. Camels at the Pushkar fair are decorated with great care. They wear jewelery of silver and beads. There are silver bells and bangles around their ankles that jangle when they walk. An interesting ritual is the piercing of a camel's nose. It has more than 400 temples including the only one temple in India dedicated to the Hindu God Lord Brahma, the Creator of the Universe. According to Indian Mythology, after visiting all the Hindu pilgrim towns and temples (Four Dhams), if Pushkar is not visited for Pooja, then salvation is not achieved. According to the Hindu calendar Pushkar Fair commences in Nawami (Ninth Moon) and ends in Purnima (Full Moon) in the month of Kartika, which can be in October or November depending on the Moon calendar In Pushkar, one of the biggest Cattle Fair is also held for trading purposes and the best cattle in all categories are awarded. Countless people in their colourful attire gather to take a dip in the Holy Lake and pray to the deities. The whole town comes alive with vibrant folk music and dances, magic shows, horse and camel races and various other traditional entertainment competitions.Pushkar, with more than 12 local fairs and festivals of 10 15 days duration is a year round destination. It is a mellow town by the great lake of Pushkar amidst the perfume of jasmine and rose flowers. More than 4,000 to 6,000 visitors from all over the world come to Pushkar everyday.[citation needed] Camel Safari in Pushkar Tourists can explore the rugged terrain of the Great Indian Desert of Thar using camels. The Aravalli Range here is one of the world's oldest mountain ranges, and has sandy fields, small dunes, beautiful hills and mesmerizing sunrises and sunsets. The camel safaris in Pushkar will take Tourists to destinations where they will witnesses small villages along the way and during crop harvesting, the views are exceptionally enticing. Other Attractions Ghats at Pushkar lake, Rajasthan A visit to Bhandarej, Bhangarh and Fort Madhopur from Jaipur via Dausa Town by an Indica or Ambassador taxi would cost about Rs 2,000. Expect rates to go up considerably in the high season. Ajmer is the nearest tourist attraction that lays outside the city boundaries of Pushkar. Located 27 kilometres away from Ajmer, there is Kishangarh, famous for its miniature paintings, more popularly known as Bani Thani. Pushkar Lake- The prime attraction of Pushkar is the Pushkar Lake which is considered sacred like the Mansarovar Lake in Tibet. Pushkar has become a place of Hindu pilgrimage because of this holy lake. Legend has it that this lake was consecrated to Lord Brahma, the creator of the universe when a lotus dropped from his hand into the vale and a lake emerged in that place. Brahma Temple- The most important temple in Pushkar is the Temple of Lord Brahma, one of the holy trinity of Hinduism. In fact it is the only Hindu shrine in the world where Lord Brahma is worshipped. The temple enshrines a life-size idol of Lord Brahma.

Savitri Temple- This temple that is located at the top of the Ratnagiri Hill is dedicated to Savitri, the wife of Lord Brahma. The temple houses a magnificent statue of Goddess Savitri. Old Pushkar- Old Pushkar lake is rebuilt and is located around 5 km from Pushkar lake. According to the ancient texts, Old Pushkar has equal cultural and religious significance for the pilgrims. Demographics As of 2001 India census,[10] Pushkar had a population of 14,789. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Pushkar has an average literacy rate of 69%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 60%. In Pushkar, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. Transport Air The nearest airport from Pushkar is Sanganer Airport at Jaipur at distance of 146 km from Pushkar which is well connected with all the major cities which include Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Indore, Jodhpur and Udaipur. Road Pushkar is 11 km from main Ajmer bus stand. Rajasthan Roadways run very comfortable deluxe buses from Jaipur. There are buses from Jaipur to Ajmer, Indore, Nagda for every 15 minutes. Pushkar is about a 2 and a half hour drive from Jaipur.[11] Rail The nearest railway station from Pushkar is Ajmer, which is on the Broad Gauge and hence connected to the metro cities of India like New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Ahmedabad, Indore, Kanpur, Lucknow, Patna, Bhopal, Trivandrum, Cochin etc. A Broad Gauge track is being laid from Ajmer to Pushkar. Sarwar Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/ Sarwar is a city and a municipality in Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Geography

Sarwar is located at Demographics

2604N 7500E / 26.07N 75.0E[1]. It has an average elevation of 337 metres (1105 feet).

As of 2001 India census,[2] Sarwar had a population of 16,194. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Sarwar has an average literacy rate of 47%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 61%, and female literacy is 32%. In Sarwar, 19% of the population is under 6 years of age. Sarwar is 16KM from town kekri and 64KM from District Ajmer. Vijainagar Vijainagar is a city and a municipality in Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Demographics As of 2001 India census[1], Vijainagar had a population of 27,688. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Vijainagar has an average literacy rate of 69%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 60%. In Vijainagar, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Bhilwara district Bhilwara District is a district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. The town of Bhilwara is the district headquarters. Contents

1 Geography and Demographics 2 Administrative set-up 3 References 4 External links

Geography and Demographics The district has an area of 10,455 km, and a population of 2,009,516 (2001 census), which increased 26.14% from 1991 to 2001. Known for its textile Industries. It is bounded on the north by Ajmer District, on the east by Bundi District, on the south by Chittorgarh District, and on the west by Rajsamand District. State Highway (Jaipur-Udaipur) passes through the district, as does a broad gauge railway line measuring 84 km and connecting Ajmer with Khandwa in Madhya Pradesh. The nearest airport is at Udaipur (171 km). Administrative set-up There are 8 sub-divisions in the district: Bhilwara, Banera, Shahpura, Gangapur, Gulabpura, Mandal, Mandalgarh and Jahazpur. Under these sub-divisions there are 12 Tehsils: Bhilwara, Banera, Mandal, Mandalgarh, Beejoliya, Kotri, Shahpura, Jahazpur, Sahada, Raipur, Asind, Hurda. There are four Sub Tehsils also named Kareda (Mandal), Badnor (Asind), Hamirgarh (Bhilwara) and Puliakalan (Shahpura). Similarly there are 1783 villages as per census of 2001. Bhilwara Contents:- History/ Location/ Demographics/ Economy/ Infrastructure/ Electricity/ Water/ Road Connectivity/ Rail Transport/ Air Transport/ Communication Facilities/ Educational Facilities/Institutions/ Transport/ Social and cultural significance/ Engineering/ Medical/ Urology/ Cardiology/ Concern area/ Tourism

Bhilwara is the city in Mewar region of Rajasthan, India.The Cloth & Industrial city has its own uniqueness which makes it as a special district in Rajasthan. Bhilwara "The City of Cloth Culture & Calmness"

History

The Textile City of India has very fine history. When Arjuna was going to Dwarika with all Gopis during Mahabharata period. He was passing through the present Bhilwara region. There was a war of Arjuna & Bhils. Local tradition reveals that it came to be known as Bhilwara because it was mostly inhabited by Bhil tribes in old days. These Bhils were eventually driven away towards the hilly tracts and interior places of less importance by the ancestors of the peasant settlers. It is said to have come up in the middle of the 11th century when a Bhil tribal, supposedly one of the first settlers, built a shiva temple on the site of the existing "Bada Mandir" or "Jataun ka Mandir". This is in the area called Purana Bhilwara, the oldest part of the town. If we are to believe this, the town is more than 900 years old.[1] Ironically enough, now very few Bhils live in this area. Another version recounts that the present Bhilwara city had a mint where coins known as 'BHILADI' were minted and from this denomination was derived the name of the district. A town nearby the city named "Mandal" is assumed to be the base of the Mughals when they attacked Chittor Garh, the moughal forces camped near the "talab" of the town of Mandal, ruins of the camp can still be seen there. A tower served as light house was also built on a small hill in Mandal, know known as "Mandara (minar)" this small hill also houses a devi temple. Bhilwara's history can be back to prehistoric period when neolithic culture was flourishing at Bagore village. A pillar said to be of first century BC at Nandsa village is evidence of Vedic rituals and culture. Classical 'Nagar' style of temple architect can be seen at temples of

Menaal (Mahanaleshwer), Gurlan, Gadarmala, Momi, Kanpura and Mandalgarh places.Another notable landmark is the Badnore Fort located some 70 km from Bhilwara. It is a seven storeys fort on the top of a hill & built in medieval Indian Military style of architecture.Bhilwara is also known as the city of "CLOTH".
Location

Bhilwara (English pronunciation: /bi l v /) is located at 2521N 7438E / 25.35N 74.63E.[2] It has an average elevation of 421 metres (1381 feet).Major rivers flowing through the district are Banas, Bedach, Kothari, Khari, Mansi, Menali, Chandrabhaga and Nagdi. There is not any natural lake in the district but on the other hand there are number of ponds and dams so the district is the most irrigated through the ponds in the state of Rajasthan.
Demographics

As of 2001 India census[3], Bhilwara had a population of 20,09,516. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. There was a question in Kaun Banega Crorepati (KBC), whose answer was Bhilwara has the highest no. of registered private motor vehicles (four wheelers) in World.i.e. Per capita density of regd. private four wheelers is highest in Asia[citation needed]. This also is indicative of density of millionaire is highest in Asia.This city is running with the blessings of all religions. Bhilwara is 7th largest city of Rajasthan. It comes third in Chartered Accountancy Examination results after Mumbai and Jodhpur. Only Textile Engineering College of Rajasthan is in Bhilwara. All World Gayatri Pariwar Centre 'Gayatri Shaktipeeth', situated at Roadways Bus Stand. Vivekananda Kendra Kanyakumari Branch Bhilwara is vibhag of ten districts of Rajasthan. The city has got more than 300 parkssmall as well as big-crowning it with the highest number of parks in the state.
Economy

The major industry is textiles, with more than 4000 manufacturing units in the town. There is also a huge cloth market. The main textile product is synthetic fabric used in trousers. The city is a market for mica, grains, cotton, and wool. Its manufactures include textiles and metalware. It was the immense effort of Lt. Sh. Jugal Kishore Sharaf and then Lt. Sh. Chetan Sharaf owner of "Jugal Kishore Mica corp." That played a crucial role in Bhilwara being a major Mica producing area. Mansinghka Family, Agrawal Family, Soni family, Gaggar Family, Saxena Family, Mali Family, Jaiswal Family, Sabharwal Family, Chabra Family, Bhadada Family are well known business families, M/s. Ashok Kumar Daruka has had a major share in export of Mica worldwide, has impact on the development of the city. Right Concept Marketing[4] (RCM) a Multi-Level Marketing Company based on the concept of Amway has been originated from this town which currently Ranks No.1 in India. A total Customer base of more then 10 Million and an annual turnover of more then 1500 crores distinct itself from other historic businesses originated in this region. Bhilwara is the one of the major textile centre of the Country. It is prominent in manufacturer of P/V blended yarn and suiting. The turn over of the textile industry is more than Rs. 10,000 crore p.a. It has 9 major spinning mills and 5 small spinning mills. The total spindlage installed at Bhilwara are approx. 4.50 lacs about 40% of the State capacity. It has 18 modern process houses to process polyester/viscose suiting with the capacity of 50-55 crore meters of fabric p.a. In weaving sector it has approx. 13,500 looms out of which about 9000 are modern shuttleless looms. Exports of textiles from the district is of more than Rs. 2750 crore p.a. It is the only center in the country producing insulation bricks. There are about 25 units. In mining sector large scale mining of sand stone, which is also exporting. The other major mining activity is in soap stone mining, the talcum powder manufactured by UMDS and other Minerals like Feldspar,Quartz, China Clay by ABC Limitless Holdings is supplied to all major manufacturing units.

The growth rate of bhilwara is very high in rajasthan. Some readymade garments showroom with good quality of products are Vardhaman Vastralay, Veshbhusha, Nu-Wave, Pulse, Lotus. They work on MBO (Multi Brand Outlet) System. Nagori Garden is the main hub for readymade garments.
Infrastructure Electricity

Bhilwara receives electricity from Kota, Beawar, Rana Pratap Sagar Power Station (Rawatbhata) and Nimbahera. All the 1,565 villages have been electrified.
Water

The main rivers in the district are Banas, Beduch, Kothari, Khari, Menaali, Unli and Meaj. The water table in the district is comparatively high between 10 to 20 meters. The district has about 86,600 wells and thousands of tube-wells, providing drinking water and irrigation facilities. Ground water in the district is fresh and generally considered as potable although the concentration in fluoride was regularly above normal, and can cause fluorosis.
Road Connectivity

The National Highway No. 79 part of the Golden Quardrilateral (Four Lane) and another National No. 76 part of the East West Corridor (Four Lane) passes through the district. The total length of both section is 120 km. South State Highway (Jaipur-Udaipur) passes through the district. The total road length in the district is 3,883 km as on 31 March 2000.
Rail Transport

A broad gauge railway line connects Ajmer, Jodhpur, Jaipur, Delhi, Bharatpur, Agra, Gwalior, Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, Patna, Kolkata, Chittorgarh, Udaipur, Ratlam, Vadodara, Surat, and Mumbai passes through the district.
Air Transport

The nearest airport is at Udaipur (150 km) takes approx 2 hrs, 35 mins by road and other the nearest airport is at Jaipur (251 km) takes about 4 hrs by road. International Airport Nearest Jaipur, New Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad.
Communication Facilities

(No.)

Post Offices 391 Telegraph Offices 95 Telephone exchanges 71 Public call offices 1,180 An airstrip is available at Kherabad approximately 22 kms. away from Bhilwara city.

Educational Facilities/Institutions

(No.)

Primary and Middle Schools 2,009 Higher Secondary and Secondary Schools 212 Under Graduate and Post Graduate Colleges 7 Engineering colleges= 2

Transport

The city is connected by National Highway No. 79 through Jaipur, Ajmer and Udaipur, which makes the major cities accessile. The four lane highway is part of golden quadrilateral highway project of India and connects Bhilwara with major cities. Bhilwara is connected by Broad gauge railway line network as of July 2007 (Appox.). The city has its own traffic style and parking style. Though the nos of vehicles are too much but there is no jam (a city without traffic lights).
Social and cultural significance

Besides Bhilwara's popularity in name of textile industry, it has a very strong cultural heritage base. Bhilwara is also famous for following cultural and social elements:

Art: Great Indian Miniature artist Badri Lal Chitrakar highlights the city on international maps for Indian Miniature Art. He has been given Shilp Guru award by Vice-President of India in 9 September 2006. Bhilwara is also famous for its FAD PAINTINGS which are actually depiction of traditional stories on cloth using naturally available colours. Joshi family from Shahpura,Bhilwara is famous for such paintings. Gazak: famous sweet. It is made up of Til and famous around whole Rajasthan. Sports: Bhilwara is the source of National Basketball team players. This city is considered to be the mine of basketball players. Coach Mohit Bhandari is the present National coach for Basketball. Famous chess player Abhijeet Gupta belongs to this city.

Bhilwara is The city has many other state and national level tennis players, some of them being Prateek Kabra ,Rahul Bolia ,brothers Akhil and Anish Pokharna, Priyesh Agarwal and Naveen Nathrani.

Chess: Abhijeet Gupta World chess champion is also from bhilwara. Cricket : has been the most highly appreciated game here. It has produced many great players which represented in the national team, some of them being; Shailendra Singh Gehlot, Aayush Agarwal, Narendra Chaudhary, Siddharth Sharma, Ishvar and many more.

On the Administration part it has been the limelight in RCA (Rajasthan Cricket Association) with some of the great administrators like Rakesh Agarwal, Mahendra Nahar, Chandra Prakash Ojha helped developing cricket in this great historic town. With their combine efforts first time an International Cricket Team Bangladesh came to play here. Rakesh Agarwal and Mahendra Nahar has also represented BCCI[5], the highest cricketing body in India and its domestic T20 Leagues Indian Premier League[6] and Champions League T20[7]. Deepak Sharma currently is among few International Scorer in India deputed by BCCI (Board of Control for Cricket in India[8]).

Shitala Devi Saptami: People from Bhilwara indulges themselves more on this festival as compared to Holi (a week after). People eat cold food on the day, as a dedication to celebrate last winter festival. Besides many other real stories are told behind it. Makhan Bda :Is another famous sweet.

Engineering

ITM Bhilwara MLVT Govt. college

Medical

Now Bhilwara has large number of hospitals. Smt. Kesar Bai Soni Hospital Assisted By Apollo Hospital Ahmedabad, Arihant Eye Hospital,Red crescent Uro-Surgical Hospital, Krishna Hospital and many more. The facility of serving the people in low cost make bhilwara as a medical hub.
Urology

There are some hospitals for urology that is why bhilwara is famous for its treatment of urology disorders due to specialized urological hospitals. urological trauma can be treated,prostate cancer,appendix,plastic surgery of excretory organs and many more.here in bhilwara patients of urology gets every type of treatment regarding urological disorders with new and modern techniques and machines. some urological specialized hospital is Red Crescent Uro-Surgical Hospital.
Cardiology

Bhilwara also provides facility for cardiac patients with modern machines there are many hospitals which provides cardiac treatment.the government hospital mahatma gandhi hopital also provides cardiac treatment for BPL CARD HOLDERS at low rates of cost.
Concern area

The major area of concern is of shortage of water.For this the government is working hardly so that bhilwara people will get water from chambal river. Tourism

Badnore Fort: is 70 km from Bhilwara on the Bhilwara Asind road. Bijoliyan Mandakini Temple

The town situated in the South East of Bhilwara. It is close to the borders of the District Bundi. The ancient name of Bijoliya was Vindhyavali. It is walled with two gates (North and South) and picturesquely situated on a plateau called the UPARMAL. Objects of historical interests are three Saivite temples, probably of the tenth century. A reservoir called the Mandakini Baori with steps, five Jain temples dedicated to Parswnath. The remains of a palace and two rock inscriptions deserve mention. The Jain temples, situated about 1.5 km of the south east were built by Mahajan Lala in the time of the Chauhan Raja Someshwar of Ajmer in 1170 AD. One of them is considered scared containing a complete small model of a temple inside. The rock inscriptions are both dated 1170 AD.

Shahpura Ramdwara

Capital of the erstwhile state of Shahpura, the town houses the headquarters of the sub division, tehsil, panchayat samiti of the same name. It is about 58 km from district headquarters. The rulers of the erstwhile chiefship of Shahpura belonged to the Sisodia clan of Rajputs. Shahpura is a place of pilgrimage for the followers of the Ram Snehi's sect. Founded by the Hindus in 1804. They have a shrine in the town known as Ram Dwara. The chief priest of Ram Dwara is the head of the sect. Pilgrims from all over the world visit the shrine through out the year. Ram Snehi is an Internation Hindu sect. An annual fair Phool Dol Ka Mela is held here on Phagun Sukla 15 (MarchApril) for five days. About one lakh people attend the fair. It is also famous for PHAD painitings.

Mandalgarh Menal Water fall

The place, situated at a distance of 54 km towards South-East of Bhilwara. It is sub division, tehsil and panchayat samiti of same name. The place is of historical importance because it was the scene of many a fierce battle during the mediaeval times, according to the Muslim historians. The place was taken twice by Mahmud Khilji of Malwa in the middle of the fifteenth century, and subsequently appears to have belonged alternately to the Ranas of Mewar and the Mughal Emperors. In or about 1650 A.D. Shah Jahan granted it in Jagir to Raja Roop Singh of kishanGarh, who partially built a palace here, but Rana Raj Singh retook it in 1660 AD. Twenty years later captured the palace and in 1700 AD. made it over to Jhujar Singh Chief of Pisangan (now in Ajmer district ) from whom it wasrecovered by Rana Amar Singh in 1706 AD., and it since then remained in the uninterrupted possession of his successors. To the North-West is a fort about half a mile in length with a low rampart wall and bastions encircling the crest of the hill on which it stands. The

fort is said to have been constructed by a chief of the Balnote Clan of Rajputs (a branch of Solankis). There is an old temple Jaleshwar by name (1619 v.s.) The fort also houses a temple dedicated to Shiva.

Pur Udan Chatri

It is situated at about 10 km from bhilwara city. It is famouls for it Udan Chatri, Adhar Shila, and Patola mahadev. The Bhilwara Municipal corporation is developing a tourist place at Gata Rani Mandir. Asind Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/Pilgrim place Asind is a city and a municipality in Bhilwara district in the state of Rajasthan, India.

Geography

Asind is located at 2544N 7420E / 25.73N 74.33E.[1] It has an average elevation of 467 metres (1532 feet). Asind is also the name of a Chinese Company located in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province of China.
Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[2] Asind had a population of 14,118. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Asind has an average literacy rate of 54%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of females literate. 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Pilgrim place Sri Sawai Bhoj Temple, Asind

Sri Sawai Bhoj Temple is famous temple of Bhilwara.Sri Sawai Bhoj was father of Lord Devnarayan and was one of the 24 brave Gurjar brothers named as Bagaravats. The Sawai Bhoj Temple in Bhilwara is claimed to be more than 400 years old.
Bijolia Contents:- Geography/Demographics / History/ Tourism/ Bijolia inscription/ Jain temple/ Education/ Transport links/ By Air/ By Road/ By Train

Beejoliya Kalan is a census town in Bhilwara district in the state of Rajasthan, India.

Geography

Beejoliya Kalan is located at 2510N 7519E / 25.17N 75.32E[1]. It has an average elevation of 512 m (1,680 ft). The town situated in the South East of Bhilwara. It is close to the borders of the District Bundi. It is walled with two gates (North and South) and picturesquely situated on a plateau called the UPARMAL. It is 50 km from Bundi on the Bundi-Chittauragarh road. Demographics As of 2001 India census,[2] Beejoliya Kalan had a population of 12,384. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Beejoliya Kalan has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national

average of 59.5%; with 59% of the males and 41% of females literate. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. History The ancient name of Bijoliya was 'Vindhyavali'. During the Chauhan period, it became a famous centre for art and architecture. Tourism The Fort and Shiva temple ae main attractions. The fort is located on Bundi Chttaurgarh road. A high paved courtyard on the side of the fort has a large temple of Lord Shiva. A caved archway leads to the temple that has a fine image of Lord Ganesh. The Shiva temple is called Hajaresvara Mahadeva temple. It has a high linga surrounded by hundreds of small lingas and hence called Hajaresvara or Sahastralinga. Near by Mandakani Kund is a holy water tank.Other attractions are five Jain temples dedicated to Paraswnath and the remains of a palace and two rock inscriptions. LIST OF PROTECTED MONUMENTS BY ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA IN RAJASTHAN contains three sites from Bijolia village:

Mahakalsaz and two other temples Rock Inscription (12th century) Rock Inscription within the

Bijolia inscription

Bijolia inscription dating back V.E. 1226 (1170 AD) is very important because it throws a new light on the early history of the Chauhan dynasty.
Jain temple

The Jain temples, situated about 1.5 km of the south east were built by Mahajan Lala in the time of the Chauhan Raja Someshwar of Ajmer in 1170 AD. One of them is considered scared containing a complete small model of a temple inside. The rock inscriptions are both dated 1170 AD.
Education

(1)A.V.S.Public School- In this area an English medium School is also running by parswnath teerth kshetra committee named of his saint "ACHARYA VIDHYA SAGER PUBLIC SCHOOL". There 452 stuents are taking education. Presently this is up to 8th standred and going to affileted With C.B.S.E. New Delhi in neare future. (2)DHARMSHALA A well furnished dharmshala for the jain yatri & others
Transport links

By Air
Nearest Airport is Kota which is about 75 km away from bijoliya.

By Road
Bijoliya is situated on National Highway No. 76. Direct buses are available from Udaipur, Chittorgarh, Kota, Indore,Neemuch etc.

By Train

Nearest Railway station is "UPERMAL RAILWAY STATION" 8 km from city

Gangapur Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/ History

Gangapur is a city and a municipality in Bhilwara district in the state of Rajasthan, India.
Geography

Gangapur is located at 2513N 7416E / 25.22N 74.27E.[1] It has an average elevation of 495 metres (1624 feet). it was in rule of GWALIOR state before independence.
Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[2] Gangapur had a population of 17,015. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Gangapur has an average literacy rate of 59%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 45%. In Gangapur, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.
History

Headquarter of the Sahara tehsil, this town is situated at a distance of about 46 km in the South-West of the district headquarters. It was part of the erstwhile princely state of Gwalior (now in M.P.) prior to independence. It is municipal town.
Gulabpura Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/ Main Attractions of the City

Gulabpura is a city and a municipality in Bhilwara district in the Indian state of Rajasthan.

Geography

Gulabpura is located at 2554N 7440E / 25.9N 74.67E.[1] It has an average elevation of 397 metres (1302 feet). Gulapura is well known town for the Education and the Textile Besides all of these qualities gulabpura is in contact with railway & roads directly to delhi and mumbai.& now the city has a world class industries in field of tiles & wires. There are near about 200 Schools and 4 Colleges and also an Industrial Training Institute (I.T.I.).
Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[2] Gulabpura had a population of 24,349. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Gulabpura has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 79%, and female literacy is 59%. In Gulabpura, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Main Attractions of the City

Ram Mandir Daunia Balaji-The Lake Rajasthan Spinning & Weaving Mills

Rajasthan Spin Fade Unit Gandhi Vidhyalaya Mukharji Udhyaan Shree Gopal Gaushala

Jahazpur
Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/

Jahazpur is a city and a municipality in Bhilwara district in the Indian state of Rajasthan.
Geography

Jahazpur is located at 2537N 7517E / 25.62N 75.28E. It has an average elevation of 334 metres (1095 feet).
Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[1] Jahazpur had a population of 18,816. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Jahazpur has an average literacy rate of 59%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 45%. In Jahazpur, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Mandalgarh Contents:- History/ Geography/ Demographics

Mandalgarh is a city and a municipality in Bhilwara district in the Indian state of Rajasthan.

History
The place, situated at a distance of 54 km towards South-East of Bhilwara. It is sub division,tehsil and panchayat samiti of same name.The place is of historical importance because it was the scene of many a fierce battle during the mediaeval times,according to the muslim historians. The place was taken twice by Mahmud Khilji of Malwa in the middle of the fifteenth century, and subsequently appears to have belonged alternately to the Ranas of Mewar and the Mughal Emperors. In or about 1650, Shah Jahan granted it in Jagir to Raja Roop Singh of kishanGarh, who partially built a palace here, but Rana Raj Singh retook it in 1660. Twenty years later captured the palace and in 1700 made it over to Jhujar Singh Chief of Pisangan (now in Ajmer district) from whom it was recovered by Rana Amar Singh in 1706, and it since then remained in the uninterruped possession of his successors. To the North-West is a fort about half a mile in length with a low rampart wall and bastions encircling the crest of the hill on which it stands. The fort is said to have been constructed by a chief of the Balnote Clan of Rajputs (a branch of Solankis). There is an old temple Jaleshwar by name (1619 v.s.) The fort also houses a temple dedicated to Shiva
Geography

Mandalgarh is located at 2512N 7506E / 25.2N 75.1E[1]. It has an average elevation of 382 metres (1253 feet).
Demographics

As of 2001 India census[2], Mandalgarh had a population of 20,161. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Mandalgarh has an average literacy rate of 50%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 63%, and female literacy is 36%. In Mandalgarh, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Shahpura, Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/ History /Hazarat Sujat Ali (R.A) DARGAH /Ram Snehi /Getting there Shahpura is a city and a municipality in Bhilwara district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Geography Sh hpu i loc ed 2538N 7456E / 25.63N 74.93E / 25.63; 74.93[1]. It has an average elevation of 364 metres (1194 feet). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Shahpura had a population of 27,698. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Shahpura has an average literacy rate of 61%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 50%. In Shahpura, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. History Shahpura is known as the jagir (estate) of Surajmal, second son of Maharana Amir Singh I; their title is 'Raja Dhiraj'. Surajmal had two sons, Sujan Singh and Veeramdeo. During Shah Jahan's period, Sujan joined the service of the Emperor, who gave him the district of Phoolia and a mansab (military posting) of 800 Jat (foot soldiers) and 300 Sawar (horse or horsemen). In 1643, Sujan Singh's mansab was raised to 1,000 Jat and 500 Sawar, and in 1645, to 1,500 Jat and 700 Sawar. Later, he went to Kandahar with Mughal Prince Aurangzeb and, in 1651, his mansab was again raised, to 2,000 Jat and 800 Sawar.When Shah Jahan sent his army, under the command of Saddulla Khan, to Chittor to demolish a wall that had been restored in contravention of the 1615 treaty (see AMAR SHINGH I, MAHARANA), Sujan Singh was with him. To revenge Sujan's ungrateful act, Maharana Raj Singh I attacked Shahpura (1658) and exacted a penalty of Rs. 22,000/-. Maharana Raj Singh also burnt the area governed by Sujan's younger brother, Veeramdeo. Later, Shah Jahan sent Sujan to Dharmat to assist Maharana Jaswant Singh in his fight against the rebellious Prince Aurangzeb. There, Sujan died with his 5 sons. Veeramdeo, Sujan's brother, also left the Maharana and joined Shah Jahan, where he received the mansab of 800 Jat and 400 Sawar. He fought bravely in the Kandahar expeditions and his mansab was raised to 3,000 Jat and 1,000 Sawar. At the battle of Samugadh, Veeramdeo was in the first flank of Mughal Prince Dara's force against Prince Aurangzeb. After Dara was defeated, Veeramdeo went over to Aurangzeb. Later, he was sent to Assam with Ram Singh of Jaipur. After this, he returned to Mathura with Safshikan Khan, where he died around 1688. Fateh Singh, elder son of Sujan Singh was also killed at Dharmat, and Fateh's son, a minor, succeeded him. Six years later, Sujan's fourth son, Daulat Singh, usurped Shahpura and became its ruler. (Fateh's descendants are now at Gangwas and Barliawas.) When Aurangzeb attacked Maharana Raj Singh, Daulat was in the Mughal army. Daulat's son, Bharat Singh, fought for Maharana Sangram Singh II in the battle against Mewati Ranbaj Khan. Bharat was imprisoned by his son, Umaid Singh, and died in prison. Umaid Singh wanted to make his younger son, Zalim Singh, his successor; to do this; he poisoned his elder son, Udyot Singh. He even wanted to kill his grandson (i.e., Udyot's son) and sent a soldier to commit the heinous act. The soldier struck but missed, only wounding him. At that moment, Ran Singh's son, Bhim Singh, aged only 14, killed the soldier, and Umaid's dream to make Zalim his successor was foiled. Many of Mewar's nobles were against Maharana Ari Singh II (1761-1773). Ari Singh wooed Umaid Singh to his side and gave him the Paragna Kachola (District of Kachola). Umaid died at Ujjain (see UJJAIN, BATTLE OF), fighting for the Maharana against Madhav Rao SINDHIA. In 1869, Nahar Singh, who had been adopted, became the ruler of Shahpura (he had been the son of Balwant Singh of Dhanop). In 1903, the British awarded him the K.C.I.E., and entitled him to a 9-gun salute. He became a member of the MEHDRAJ SABHA. Later, he refused to go into the service of Maharana FATEH SINGH, claiming to be an independent ruler. However, the British ruled that he would have to comply, every second year, and pay Rs. 1 Lakh to the Maharana as a penalty for not attending his Court. Hazarat Sujat Ali (R.A) DARGAH Hazart Sujat Ali Hazart Sujat Ali (r.a) Dargah situated at kalinjari gate , this is Beautiful & holy Place For Islamic RELIGION'S Ram Snehi The Biggest and most popular Ramdwara of Shahpura. Shahpura is a place of pilgrimage for the followers of the Ram Snehi sect. Founded in 1804 they have a shrine in the town called Ramdwara. The chief priest there is the head of the sect. Pilgrims from all over the world visit the shrine throughout the year. Shahpura is well known for Ram Snehi's Ramdwara. There is famous fair called PHOOLDOL MELA. is for 5 dsys after Holi. by Ramdwara Temple. * Ramdwara * Ram Charan Maharaj CHARBHUJA TEMPLE

Middle of city The temple of CHARBHUJA NATH is situate. and also A HANUMAN TEMPLE Called by BALAJI KI CHATRI. is Near by the famous Charbhuja temple. There is 8 Prachin Jain Temple 4 is SWETAMBER SAMPRADAYA AND 4 DIGAMBER SAMPRADAYA. Getting there By Air: Nearest Airport is Dabok at Udaipur which is about 160 km. away from Bhilwara. By Road: Bhilwara is situated on National Highway No. 4. Direct buses are available from Delhi, Jaipur, Ajmer, Udaipur, Chittorgarh, Jodhpur, Kota, Ahmedabad etc. By Train: BHILWARA IS NEAR BY STATION 52 K.M. FAR FROM SHAHPURA

Nagaur district
Contents1 History/ About Nagaur district/ Population and Are/ Climate/Forest, flora and fauna/Language spoken/ Geography/ Demographics Nagaur Nagaur is a city in the state of Rajasthan in India. It is the administrative headquarters of Nagaur District. The Nagaur city lies about midway between Jodhpur and Bikaner. It was founded by the Naga Kshatriyas. It is also known as the village "Khatwan". History Nagaur finds mention even in the Mahabharata. The kingdom of Ahichhatrapur which Arjuna is said to have conquered and subsequently offered to his Guru Dronacharya, was perhaps some of the area of the Nagaur district. It was the capital of Jangaldesh. The foundation of city dates back to 4th century BC. Nagas originally ruled over this place and about 7th century onwards the Chauhans became the overlords of Nagaur and it was included in Sapadalaksha. Nagaur city was at the centre of Muslim invasion from Central Asia. The Nagaur fort is the famous place of historical importance.[1][2] About Nagaur district Glorified by the bards, the history of Nagaur finds mention even in the Mahabharata. The kingdom of Ahichhatrapur which Arjun is said to have conquered and subsequently offered to his Guru Dronacharya, was perhaps some of the area of the Nagaur district. The birth place of Meera and Abul Fazal, Nagaur district has a charbhuja and Parsawanath Temple at Merta and the Dargah of Sufi Saint Tarkin, a famous 16th century Bansiwala Temple at Nagaur city. Nagaur also witnessed the valour of Great Rao Amar Singh Rathor who challenged the mighty Mughal empire. The large old Fort has many glorious tales of bravery of the erstwhile rulers of the states. Wide Annals & Antiquities of Rajputana,Vol-II,page -870 onw d 1970.</ ef> N g u Di ic i i u ed be ween 260.25 & 270.40 No h L i ude & 730.10 & 750.15 E Longi ude. I i i u ed mid even di ic n mely Bik ne , Chu u, Sik , Jaipur, Ajmer, Pali, Jodhpur. Nagaur is the fifth largest district in Rajasthan with a vast terrain spreading over 17,718 km. Its geographical spread is a good combine of plain, hills, sand mounds and as such it is a part of the great Indian Thar Desert. The present district of Nagaur finds a place in the heart of the Rajasthan state. Before the merger of the states, Nagaur was a part of the erstwhile Jodhpur State. After independence, Nagaur had the honour of being selected as the place in the country from where the Democratic Decentralisation process was launched by the late Shri Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India on the 2 October 1959. The town of Ladnu in the district has gained its place on the map of the country being the headquarters of the famous Jain Vishva Bharati University which has become a centre of spiritual learnings and knowledge under the leadership of Acharya Tulsi, a great Jain saint, who has propagated the philosophy of Anuvrat in order to enlighten people in this area of the country. Peepasar is a small village in the Nagaur Tehsil of Nagaur district. It is the birth place of the Great Saint Guru Jambheshwar, the founder of the Bishnoi community. Population and Area The district comprises 1570 Revenue Estates (Villages), out of which Merta, Didwana, Makarana, Parbatsar, Ladnu and Kuchaman are the major towns of the district. The total area of the district is 17,718 km, out of which 17,448.5 km. is rural and 269.5 km. is urban. As per the 2001 census, the population of the district is 27,75,058 (4,77,337 urban and 22,97,721 rural population) which is 4.91% of the total population of the State. The density of population in the district is 157, as against 165 of Rajasthan as a whole. 12,87,921 persons of the district are literate, out of which 10,21,314 are rural and 2,66,607 are urban, which makes it 58.26% of the total population. Out of this literate population 75.33% are males and 40.45% are females. Climate Nagaur has a dry climate with a hot summer. Sand storms are common in summer. The climate of the district is conspicuous by extreme dryness, large variations of temperature & highly variable rainfall. The mercury keeps on rising intensely from March till June. These are the hottest months. The maximum temperature recorded in district is

117 F with 32 F as the lowest recorded temperature. The average temperature of the district is 74 F. The winter season in the extends from mid November till the beginning of March. Rainy season is of a short during from July to mid September. There are ten raingage stations, namely - Nagaur, Khinvsar, Didwana, Merta, Parbatsar, Makarana, Nawa, Jayal, Degana & Ladnun in the district. The average rainfall in the district is 36.16 cm & 51.5 percentage humidity. Forest, flora and fauna The district of Nagaur is poor in forest resources. The total area under including hills, is reported to be 240.92 km., which is 1.3 percent of total geographical area of the district. Scanty rainfall & other geographical constraints account for this. The western part of the district is divided of natural vegetation cover except for low hurbs & grass which grows on low sand dunes. However, the south-eastern part of the district & part of the northern tehsil of Ladnun & Didwana have much greater greenery as compared to north-west part of the district. Khejri trees are commonly found in the district. Its leaves are used as fodder. It also gives gum. Apart from commercial value, this tree is considered holy. The tree also plays an important role in checking soil erosion. The other common species found in the district are Babool, Neem, Shisham, Peepal, Rohira, Kalsi, Dhangood, Akara etc. Rohira & Shisham trees provide timber & is used for making furniture. Dhangood is generally used for making cots. Dried Akara skin is called Sunn and is used in making ropes for huts, and weaven chairs, locally called as Muddhas. Kheep is another shrub which is used for making ropes for thorny fences. A common shrub-phog provides building material from its roots and twigs. Common grass found in the district include bargers, bhambar etc. Language spoken Marwari, Hindi, English, Urdu Geography N g u i loc ed 2712N 7344E / 27.2N 73.73E / 27.2; 73.73.[3] It has an average elevation of 302 metres (990 feet). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census,[4] Nagaur had a population of 88,313. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Nagaur has an average literacy rate of 56%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 66%, and female literacy is 45%. In Nagaur, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age. Basni Belima Basni Belima (also known as simply Basni) is a census town in Nagaur district in the state of Rajasthan, India. Geography B ni Belim i loc ed (955 ft). Demographics 2710N 7339E / 27.17N 73.65E / 27.17; 73.65[1]. It has an average elevation of 291 m

As of 2001[update] India census,[2] Basni Belima had a population of 21,557. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Basni Belima has an average literacy rate of 54%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of females literate. 20% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Didwana
Contents Geography/ Demographics/ Concern Didwana (Hindi: ) is a town in Nagaur district of Rajasthan in India. It lies in the Thar Desert. The town is considered more than 5,000 years old and is closely associated with conversion of Rajput clan into a businessmen clan by the blessings of Lord Mahesh (Shankar) and with the name of Maheshwari Nowadays Didwana is a well known town of Nagaur/Rajasthan. Many people of Didwana and near by places are well settled elsewhere in India and hold important positions/ are famous Industrialists. The famous Maheshwari bushiness family Bangur hails from Didwana. Further it is also famous for two famous old Maths based on the Ramanuja Sampradaya, namely, the Jahlaria Math headed by Sri Sri 1008 Swami Ghanshyamacharyaji Maharaj and The Nagoria Math headed by Sri Sri 1008 Swami Vishnu prapannacharyaji Maharaj. Lt. Risaldar shakoor khan (Beri chhoti). vllege Beri chhoti his motherland. Ris.Shakoor Khan Expired on 9 april 2010 at home. His address-"BERI HOUSE" near Bus stand, dargah 9 shahidan, didwana. they retired from 61 cav. Decorated by award = "BHATRAT KA RASHTRAPATI SAMMAN PURSHKAR", "SENA ADHYAKSH PRASHNSA PURSHKAR", "PARAM VISHISHT SEWA MADEL, MAHAVEER CHAKRA* ATI VISHISHT SEWA MADEL"

The city is very famous for its Hindu tradition culture and philosophy and the Maths are must-visit for all Hindu Devotees once in Life time. The Baas and basinies, as the surrounding areas of town, The mathura Das Ji ka jaav, the oldest well built by the maharaja of Jodhpur, in Gaadha baas, now in Didwana, where there is a secret room inside the well, a very good example of Ancient Rajasthani architecture. The temples of these maths are very beautifying and pure the heart. Though they may not be as big as other temples but they are regarded very high for Hindu community. The town is famous for its VED Vidhalya where BRAHMINstudents are taught about Veda, dharma and other aspects of the Great Hindu Religion. And also Leadership in Commercial Marketing, A.P. Parsawat and Mukesh Kumar Ruwatia is well Known Chartered Accountant in Nagaur Dist, Shree Balaji Institute of Training is Leader commercial Center in Account Education in surrounding Area authorised by Institute of Finance & Account of India. Geography Didw n i loc ed (1102 feet). 2724N 7434E / 27.4N 74.57E / 27.4; 74.57.[1] It has an average elevation of 336 metres

The town is more than 5,000 years old and has long history of great teachers who have taken the Hindu Religion a long way and have shown the way how to lead life, how to grow etc. In Didwana there are twelve baas and twelve baasni (called in general language colony). There live mali samaj in these baas and Deshwali samaj lives in Basani. 1. Maidashar bass 2. Singhi bass 3. Kumaniya bass 4. Mohandas bass 5. Bhati bass 6. Heari bass 7. Gaadha bass 8. Harinarayan bass 9. Kadiya bass 10. Jhalara bass 11. Bari bass 12. Aadaka bass 13. Katala bass 14. Tiba bass. Thse are the famous twelve villages(Baasni) around Didwana, where deshwali community lives. 1. Ramsabas - where Engineer Jalaludeen lives. 2. Ladabas. 3. Khatiabasni. 4. Baliya. -Where Engineer Mohd.Ali Gardeji lives 5. Amarpura. 6. Gardejiabasni. 7. Dadubasni. 8. Shekhabasni. 9. Khinchiyabasni. 10. Mallabasni. 11. Daulatpura. 12. Katlabas. Following are the famous chowk in Didwana. Chowk means locality. 1. Mohallah Sayedan & Qauziyaan 2. Narsingh Chowk Near Nagoria Math. 3. Shyam Ji ka Chowk Near Shayam Ji Ka Mandir.

4. Gaggro ka chowk. 5. Bangur Chowk. 6. Ghodawato Ka Chowk. 7. Bhargav Chowk. 8. Majejio ka Chowk Near Jhalaria Math. 9. Mathura Das Ji Ka Jaav in Gaadha Baas. 10. pathano ki paanch pol the historic palace Earlier this city was extent in-between Seven Big Gates, for security. But now six gates exist, as one (Delhi Gate) gate has vanished. One thing is special for these gates that at each gate The lord Ganesh Temple are situated. The name of gates are below:

1. Nagori Gate. 2. Ajmeri Gate. 3. Kote Gate. 4. Deen Darwaja. 5. Khidki Darwaja.(Chapri Gate) 6. Fatehpuri Gate. 7. Delhi Gate. (this does not exist now) After the rise of Bangur Family who stayed in Sitaram Bagh, the Bangur family had built many Schools, a college, hospital, roads and other infrastructural facilities in the town. Thus the city was one of the most prominent town in the Rajastan State and important centre from people from nearby villages and towns as Ladnun, Kuchaman, Merta, Sujangarh, Kishangarh, Molasar, Borsu, etc. Not only the town but also people form nearby places is indebted to the Bangur Family for its important role played in the development of the town. Near to Didwana is situated a very old village named Bawadi, where the rathores ruled. The village has a very impressive old fort, there still lives the family of ex jagirdar. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census,[2] Didwana had a population of 44,661. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Didwana has an average literacy rate of 58%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70% and, female literacy is 46%. In Didwana, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age. Now this city will become the District Headquarters because most of the offices of district level has been opened and rest of office will be opened soon. name of Bass 1.madashar bass 2.singi bass 3.kumaniya bass 4.mohandas bass 5.bhati bass 6.heari bass 7.gadha bass 8.harinarian bass 9.kadiya bass 10.jalara bass 11.bari bass 12.aadaka bass 13.katala bass 14.tiba bass 15.mr.attitude nagar Concern The new generation of Bangur Family has been distanced from the town. Their higher interest in city also with other pravasi industrialists will help the city attain a prominent location in Rajasthan. The local people of the town have important role to play in this as if they take the Help of Bangur family and ask them to establish industries in the nearby area, the area can flourish. There is beautiful temple. Its name is shri shitalkund balaji mandir(hanuman temple)and Jankinath temple which belong's to Nagoriya Math .It's a famous temple constructed before 500 yrs ago owned by Nagoriyapithadishwar Swami Shri Vishuprapanacharji. krishana computers is a first computer education center in didwana and also recoganized by CDAC(Govt. of india). Industrialisation and creation of more jobs are important. Since the area is semi arid, creation of a SEZ in the town can be a win win situation as area nearby are not good for farming. So creation for SEZ will not affect agricultural production of country. it has a very large girl's collage. it;s name is Didwana Mahila Mahavidyalaya. Sushil Kulhari is presently SDM Didwana.Goredi Chancha Goredi Chancha is a census town in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Goredi Chancha had a population of 9834. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Goredi Chancha has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 51%. In Goredi Chancha, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Kuchaman City

Contents:-Demographics/ Education/ Education/ Sightseeing/ Kuchaman Fort/ Meera Mahal/ Jal Mahal/ Sabha Prakash/ Lok Dev Temple/ China Pole Kuchaman City is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The city includes a few Havelis in the Shekhawati style and a fort overlooking the city. The fort is about 1100 years old and was built in the 9th century by Rathore ruler Zalim Singh. One can also find fresco painting here on variable subjects such as flowers, motifs, and Hindu Mythology. In 950, The Chauhans of Ajmer drove out the Gurjar Pratihars to open a new chapter in the history of Kuchaman Fort. in the following centuries the Gaurs won and controlled the fort until they surrendered it to the might of the Rathores. Being Suryavanshi Kshatriyas who trace their lineage back to Lord Rama, the hero of the epic Ramayana, the Rathores brought to the fort their long and 470 AD with Nayal Pals conquest of Kanauj, near modern Kanpur in U.P. This fort is a major tourist attraction and is also part of the route of Palace on Wheels. A few havelis have also opened their doors to the foreign guests, who visit during the winter. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Kuchaman City had a population of 50,566. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Kuchaman City has an average literacy rate of 59%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 46%. In Kuchaman City, 27% of the population is under 10 years of age. It is a famous town of Nagaur District in Rajasthan. Kuchaman is a developed town it is situated on the Jaipur Nagaur route. It is 145 Kilometers far from Jaipur and 101 Kilometers far from Ajmer. The main business in the town is salt processing and local trade. There are many social societies are working in the town. Mainly Kuchaman Vikas Samiti, Lions club, Rotary club, Narayan Sewa Sansthan, Maulana Azad Educational Society, Madarsa Islamiya society and Mahaveer International. In education the town established mile stones for example Navodaya School, DIET, Noble Senior Secondary School,Tagour Senior Secondary School, 15 other senior secondary schools, 10 secondary schools, 35 upper primary schools, and many others societies. Kuchaman city's education system is fairly developed and during last few years students from other parts of the state are coming here for education. Education Kuchaman is also known as "shiksha nagri" in local area. The town has no. of institutions,coaching institutes,boarding schools including Noble Educational Society, Sant Paul School, B. R. Khokhar Memorial Educational Group(B.R.Khokhar Memorial Senior secondary School, B.R.Khokhar Memorial T.T. College, B.R.Khokhar Memorial T.T. School & Navy-Airforce coaching), MARWAR SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL, Tagore Engineering College,Kuchaman College,Kuchaman College Of Pharmacy,B.K.Birla Institute of Information Technology,Tagore Sr.Sec. School,Science Classes,Ikon Institute,Jupiter College of Advance Studies etc. Sightseeing Kuchaman Fort Perched atop a 1000 ft high cliff, the Kuchaman Fort is the most important attraction of Kuchaman. Converted into a heritage hotel now, the fort displays a rich collection of original inlay work in semi-precious stones, glass and gold paint. The Sheesh Mahal (glass palace) is a sight to marvel at. Meanwhile, a colorful bazaar located below the fort is a great place to shop for handicrafts and fabrics. Meera Mahal This beautiful palace houses exquisite miniature paintings that depict the life of Meera Bai. The Meera Mahal is an exquisite palace which plays host to the miniature paintings illustrating the life story of Rathore poet saint Meerabai, the passionate devotee of Lord Krishna. The passion and dedication with which Meera (a married Rajput woman) worshipped Lord Krishna has been a part of the folklore for ages and is still considered to be one of the finest efforts by any devotee to evince the allegiance to Lord. The Meera Mahal has paintings all over it and the cumulative effect of these excellent paintings has to be seen to be believed. Ranjit singh constructed the Mahal (Palace) and its temple containing lok devtas, and gurus. Jal Mahal Jal Mahal (Water Palace) is a unique concept visualized and implemented with an aim to provide the queens (yes many of them) and princesses with a hidden swimming pool. The fort has two swimming pools. Jal Mahal which is an underground pool is royal in every aspect with its supercilious cloisters and arcades. The fort is now a Heritage hotel and provides an opportunity to its customers to saturate in these pools and envisage the imperial beauties that have owned and exploited it. The marvel however doesn't end here. Apparently the pool is also capable of controlling the water temperature. Sabha Prakash The Sabha Prakash (Illumination Meeting) used to be the formal chambers for meetings and for holding court to interact with the citizen. Many critical decisions for welfare and dispute settlement have been delivered from the main hall. The hall itself is decorated exquisitely and is adorned with polished walls that are imaginatively strewn with semi precious pebbles and shingles that are intricately inlayed. The decoration of the Sabha Prakash has been specifically done keeping in mind the exhaustive exposure it would have to the public eye. The decoration marginally shifts towards the Shekhavati style, however, it must be said that most of the decoration is unique to the Kuchaman Fort. Lok Dev Temple

Built by Ranjit Singh, this temple showcases paintings of Lok Devatas like Sant Gogaji, Baba Ram Dev, Sant Ravi Das and Sant Kabir. China Pole Complete with intricately painted interiors, this pole was constructed by a Chinese traveler who wanted to narrate his travel experiences in a unique way. Kuchera Kuchera is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Kuchera had a population of 19,563. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Kuchera has an average literacy rate of 50%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 65%, and female literacy is 32%. In Kuchera, 25% of the population is under 6 years of age... Ladnu Ladnun ( ) is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Ladnun ( ) Contents Introduction/ History/ Famous personalities/ Heritage and religious places/ Nearest tourist places/ Some famous fairs/ Climate & rainfall/ Existing infrastructure/ Road/transportation/ Industries/ Spiritual and yoga centers/ Agricultural resources/ Geography/ Demographics/ Holy Saint/ Villages in Ladnun tehsil Introduction Ladnun is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan, it is also tehsil headquarter and subdivision. Ladnun Tehsil have [139 village] all are revenue producing village Nimbi Jodha, Kasumbi and Sunari are biggest villages and have 32 sarpanch more than 100 panch, Ladnun has M.L.A seat under Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha and it come under Nagaur Lok Sabha seat. Ladnun have 32 elected ward members in Ladnun Municipality. Ladnun has one Panchayat Samiti, Tehsil and sub-division offices. Ladnun have one S.D.M.(CJ) Court and a stadium. Ladnun is officially known as Ladnun. It was earlier known as Chanderi Nagari, it is 380 km west of Delhi and 225 km northwest of Jaipur. Its population approx. 57,047 as of 2001 India census. It is situated 329 m high from the mean sea level. Its is situated between 27 39' 0" north latitude and 74 23'-1" east longitude. It is surrounded by good natural and cultural heritage. The city is heading towards spiritual tourist city. Famous Jain Vishva Bharati Institution (founded by Acharya Tulsi in 1970) situated here. In Jain Vishva Bharati yoga and meditation camps for attitudinal change, behavioral modification and integrated development of personality in Ladnun, Rajasthan. History Glorified by the bards, the history of Ladnun finds mention even in the Mahabharata. The kingdom of Shishupala and after then Mohil Chauhan conquered it in the beginning of the 12th century BC.In 16th century AD king of Jodhpur, Maldeo Rathore, annexed Ladnun and ruled before the merger of the states Ladnun was a part of erstwhile Jodhpur state. Historical Monuments: Among the four famous dargahs of Ladnun the most ancient one is that of dargah Umarshahpir, which has the inscription of the year Hizri 772.Thus, we come to know that it was built before the year Hizri 772. The Jami mosque, the oldest of the fourteen known mosques, was originally built with monolithic beams and brackets on an Arab-type plan and consisting of a colonnade round a courtyard, in the Ghurid Of Khalji period, was restored during the period of Firoz Shah, nephew of Muhammad-bin-Tughluq. The ancient Digambar Jain Bara mandir, situated in the heart of the city, had the idol of the deity Saraswati,one of the finest of that time. It has the inscription of the year 1229 AD. It has magnificent temple houses, several artistic and rare idols of Jain Tirthankar, beautiful images, engraved pillars, rare pieces of art and old jaina dharma manuscripts. The Mool mandir, situated within it, is 10 feet deep inside the Earth and in its lowest floor there is a beautiful idol of Lord Shantinath ji. On the crown of the Lord Shantinath an inscription clearly indicates that the temple is build on Aashaadha Sukla 8, Samvat 1136. This shows that the temple is more than 1000 years old. In the second vedica chamber, there is an idol of second Thirthankar Bhagwan AjitnathJI. This idol is 74x60 cm in dimension and made of marble. An inscription on the idol is found of Baisak Sukla 13, Sanwat 1209. In front of Bhagwan Ajitnathji idol there is also a marble door with two pillars. The two pillars are decorated with artistic jaina images. In art gallery there are 166 marble an idol of Bhagwan Rishabhadeva made of brown dtone, and two idols of bhagwan Parshvanath with nine headed serpents. An beautiful image of Bhagwan Neminath ji is also found in art fallery. Several other images made of metals are found in digging in the nearby areas of Ladnun are placed in this art gallery. This temple is built and repaired several times but its magnificence, beauty, purity and calmness is preserved through ages. Ladnun has also witnessed the valour of Great Amarkot(Rathore) who challenged the mighty Mughal Empire. The town of Ladnun in the district has gained its place on the map of the country being the headquarters of the famous Jain Vishva Bharati which has become a centre of spiritual learnings and knowledge under the leadership of Acharya Tulsi, a great Jain saint, who has propagated the philo ophy of ANUVRAT in o de o enligh en people in hi e of he coun y. Ach y Tul i bi hpl ce w also Ladnun and he was awarded Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration in 1993-94. Famous personalities

Emperors Ararmal, Bhojraj and Rao Jaisingh. Great freedom fighter Surajsingh (Surjan Bai) Rashtra Saint Acharya Tulsi, Saint kavi Govindram, Saint Sri Siddhasagar, Saith Ganpat Roa Sarawgi(Bhamasah of Ladnun), Sadhvi Pramukha Mahasramni Kanakprabha Heritage and religious places Jain Vishva Bharati Sukhdev Ashram Digambar Jain Bada Mandir Kabutarkhana Valour of Narsingh ji Valour of Amarkot Shaheed Ramanand Goushala Adinath Mandir Chandrasagar smarak Mandir Shantinath Mandir Charbhujanath Mandir Sadhvi Pannaji ki Samadhi Neelkanth Mahadev Mandir Karant Balaji Vir Balaji Mandir Hanuman Mandir Umarshah Gaji Dargah Ach y Tul i Bi h Pl ce (2nd p y) Arya Samaj Mandir Nearest tourist places Balaji Mandir on Dungar Hill - 9km Pabolao - 2km Mangalpura Bagichi - 3km Peethwale Balaji - 2km Dronanchal Arham Ashram - 10km Venktesh Mandir, Sujangarh - 14km Singhi Mandir - 14km Tal Chhapar Sanctuary - 25km Salasar Hanuman Mandir - 37km Khimsar Fort - 120km Some famous fairs Gangaur Mela Sheetla Mata Mela Savaan Teej Mela Dasahra Festival Ramdevji Ka Mela Narsingh Chaturdas Pabolao Cattle Fair Climate & rainfall Ladnun has a dry climate with a hot summer. Sand storms are common in summer. The climate of the city is conspicuous by extreme dryness, large variations of temperature and highly variable rainfall. The mercury in the Mercury Barometer keeps on rising intensely from March till June. These are the hottest months. The maximum temperature recorded in the city is 47C with 0C as the lowest recorded temperature. The average temperature of the city is 23.5C. The winter season extends from mid November till the beginning of March. Rainy season is of a short during from July to mid September. The average rainfall in the city is 36.16 cm & 51.5% humidity. Existing infrastructure Educational: The city is having more than 20 Educational Institutions out of which one is University, one is Girls College and there are five Higher Secondary schools. Other schools are middle and primary schools. The main ones are the following: Jain Vishva Bharati University Mahavir Senior Secondary school J.B. Senior Secondary school Vimal Vidya Vihar Senior Secondary school Surajmal Bhutoria Balika Senior Secondary school Johri Government Senior Secondary school Health Facilities: The details of health facilities are as follows:

Seth Ganpat Rai Saravagi Government Hospital Mangalam Hospital Raj Hospital, Teli Road Jain Matra shisu Nursing Home, Station Road M.N. Ghodavat Nursing Home, Didwana Road Aakash Hospital, Teli Road Phoolchand Saravagi Government Ayurvedic Hospital Sukhdev Netra Chikitsalya Amenities: The city has one Post Office and three sub post office and four Nationalized Banks. Water: L dnun h he vily deep unde g ound w e e ou ce nd one gove nmen w e upply office W e wo k working under J.E.N. From Ladnun drinking water is supplied to more than 80 villages and towns. Electricity: The city is connected with electricity facilities. It has 33 kV and 132kV electric sub stations (G.S.) and one government electric supply office working under A.E.N. Road/transportation The roads are very narrow inside the city. It is connected with Sujangarh(12km) and Didwana(32km) By NH65 and Kishangarh-Hanumangarh Megahighway. Distance from Important Cities: Jaipur - 220km Udaipur - 500km Bikaner - 200km Jodhpur - 240km Delhi - 400km Buses Available from: Jaipur, Ajmer, Bikaner, Kuchaman, Ahmedabad, Indore, Delhi. Rail Network: The Rail lines of Delhi-Rewari-Ratangarh-Degana-Jodhpur passes through Ladnun station. At present work of gauge conversation from meter gauge to broad gauge is going on. It is the shortest route of railway to connect Delhi to Jodhpur. Nearest Railway Station: Nagaur - 97km Degana - 110km Kuchaman City- 98km Ajmer - 180km Jaipur - 216km Nearest Airport: Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi 287km Jaipur Airport 168km Jodhpur Airport 203km Udaipur Airport 341km Telecommunication: There is one Electronic Exchange with modern facilities. Industries Agricultural machinery, wooden camel cart, textile hand printing and dying industry, kutir udyog (papar, bari, sweet saffron, etc.) and khadi and handloom made blanket and shawl industry and building materials. Stone industries are going to develop near by ladnun and village Sunari , stone cutting polishing and tile cutting industries. Spiritual and yoga centers Famous centers of Jainism are Jain Vishva Bharati and Jain Vishva Bharati Institute which are situated here. It is a school of thought; a centre if spirituality and purification; a society of Ahimsa; a treasure of tranquility; an abode of humanity on earth. Yoga: Yoga is not only a physical exercise. It is a science, which develops personality, leads a person to harmony, peace , concentration and balance. It helps to practice meditation. Pranayam: Pranayam is the advanced technique of stilling the breath. It helps to achieve a calm, blissful and focused mind. It balances left and right hemispheres and is important in preparation for meditation. Kayotsarg: Kayotsarg is a tool for self-purification and realization. It helps to reduce physical, motional, mental, intellectual stress and anxiety. In this age of stress and tension, Kayotsarg leads to a happy, peaceful and contended life. Anupreksha: Anupreksha is full concentration on a single competition. This is an efficient process of ascertaining the reality. Ancient philosophers and seers used this tools extensively for realizing the Truth. Mantra Meditation:

Mantra Meditation is a powerful ancient practice. It affects the chemistry of the body and mind. Mantra Meditation awakens consciousness and enlightenment. Preksha Meditation: Preksha Meditation is apath of self awakening and self realization. It helps to connect with your soul at its most profound level, achieve a state of super consciousness and increased concentration. The process of meditation puts you in touch with enlightenment, peace of mind and simple clarity. Agricultural resources Agriculture is the main occupation of a majority of the population of the Ladnun tehsil. Major crops: Bajra, wheat, jowar, til, barley and pulses are the major crops of Ladnun. Rabi crops are usually sown in November whereas Kharif crops are sown with the beginning of the first rains in July. Geography L dnu i loc ed 273900N 742300E / 27.6500N 74.3833E / 27.6500; 74.3833.[1] It has an average elevation of 328 metres (1079 feet). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Ladnu had a population of 57,047. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Ladnu has an average literacy rate of 60%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 49%. In Ladnu, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.ladnun tehsil's biggest village is Nimbi jodha which is 14 km from ladnun Ladnu is also famous for the number of graduates it produces from Bits-Pilani, each year. Alumni of Bits Pilani like Piyush Agarwal, Abhishek Reddy both hail from Ladnu. Renowned auto drivers like MEsa, Automesa have their roots in Ladnu. Holy Saint Jain Vishva Bharati University, Ladnun, that houses the Tulsi Adhyatma Needem Acharya Tulsi (October 20, 1914-June 23, 1997) was a Jainist Acharya (an ascetic). He was the founder of the Anuvrata and the Jain Vishva Bharti Institute, Ladnun and the author of over one-hundred books. The son of devout Jain traders, Tulsi was born in 1914 in Ladnun, India to Jhumarmal Khated and Vadana Ji. Acharya Kalugani, the family guru, greatly influenced Tulsi, later recalling: "His divine face fascinated my heart and I used to gaze at him for hours." Tulsi took his monk's vows at age 11 with remarkable dedication, and by the time he was 16, he had already started attracting acolytes. In 1936, Kalugani nominated Tulsi to be his successor, making him head of Terapanth group. Through his oversight, he initiated more than 776 monks and nuns. Maharishi Kanishk Sharma took vows at the age of 6. He was the follower of Acharya Tulsi and was gifted with unparalleled knowledge in the field of Mathematics and Instrumentation. Makrana Contents: - Geography/ Economy/ Mining/ Demographics Makrana is a town in the Nagaur district of Indian state of Rajasthan. Makrana is famous for the white stone as marble mined from the mines around it. It is said that the Taj Mahal was built from Makrana marble. Makrana is a small town, but it has plenty of marble outcrops. Most of the residents in this town work as marble miners. Geography M k n i loc ed 2703N 7443E / 27.05N 74.72E / 27.05; 74.72[1]. It has an average elevation of 408 metres (1338 feet). Economy The town is well linked to railroads and other forms of transportation. Known for its white marble reserves, Makrana is a small town in Nagaur district, with a deposit of 56 million tonnes and 40,000 labourers working in 400 mines in the several ranges of the Aravallis. Makrana, along with Rajsamand, are the main centres of marble in Rajasthan. Calcitic in nature, Makrana Marble is regarded as the oldest in age and finest in quality[1]. The present rate of marble production from Makrana is 1.20 lakh tonnes per year with an annual revenue of Rs 36 crore. Makrana is source of employment to at least 1 Lac people of about 100 surrounding villages. The famous Victoria Memorial of Kolkata, the world famous Taj Mahal in Agra, Raudat Tahera in Mumbai and Jain Temple of Dilwara in south Rajasthan are built from Makrana Marble. Mining Makrana has various mining ranges, popularly known as Doongri, devi, Ulodi, Saabwali, Gulabi, Kumari, Neharkhan, Matabhar, Matabhar kumari, Chuck doongri, Chosira etc. Doongri, devi, Saabwali, Ulodi, Chosira and Neharkhan are famous for white marble, whereas Ulodi is famous for Albeto Marble. These mines produce white-brown belt beautiful marble. Gulabi stands for pink plain and pink Adanga marble whereas almost all mines produce Adanga marbles with brown and grey sheds.

Makrana marble is a metamorphic rock. It is a single deposit in India. The Makrana marble has 90 to 98 percent CaCo3.[citation needed] Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Makrana had a population of 83,289. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Makrana has an average literacy rate of 55%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 65%, and female literacy is 44%. In Makrana, 20% of the population is under 6 years of age. Merta City Contents:- Demographics/ Famous residents/ History Merta City is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The Mirabai Smarak at Merta City Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Merta City had a population of 40,252. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Merta City has an average literacy rate of 60%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 48%. About 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Merta City is a holy city for Hindus as it is the birth place of Meera bai the famous Devotee of Lord Krishna. Famous residents Merta city is also known for its great Medatiya (Mertiya) Rathores like Rao Duda, Jaimall, Ratan Singh etc. City also boasts of a very famous temple of Lord Krishna and Meera Bai; City is situated On National Highway 89 (Ajmer To Bikaner), closest airport: Jodhpur Airport Medatiya Thikana Kuchaman, Maroth, Parbatsar, Bhakari, Balunda Badnore, Badu, Budsu. Manana. Ghaneroav. Rao duda is founder of medatiya rathore clan Rao Duda have issue 5 son one 1. rao viramdev 2.Raisal 3.Raimal 4.Ratan Singh Have issue One Daughter Meera Bai 5. Panchayan. After Rao Duda Veeramdev get medata & Ajmer State. After Rao Viramdev have issue Jaimal Rao Jaimal issue 14 son. One of them Rao Keshodas He is last ruler of Medata have issue Girdhardas get Parbatsar Jageer Have issue Gajadhar have issue Shyam Singh get Badu Jageer have issue Akhey Singh Get Budsu. Akhey Singh Have issue 12 son 1 Amar Singh Get Manana Thikana 2 Surat Singh Get Budsu.3 Padam Singh Get Chindaliya 4 Indera Singh Get Raithliya 5 Nawal Singh get Barwali 6 Rai Singh get Dhildhani. After Padam Singh have issue Chand Singh Have Issue Sawai Singh have issue Sadul Singh he is Kamdar of Budsu Thikana have issue Sheyoji Singh have issue Sanwat Singh have issue Mohan Singh have issue Hanuwant Singh Have issue 1 Dashrath Singh 2 Umed Singh 3 Bhagwan Singh. Most Important An old Yogi known as Mouniji or Mouni Maharaj established an ashram in Merta in the early 1950s. He later established a school in the ashram for impoverished children. Though Mouni Maharaj's origins were unknown it is believed he came down from the Himalayan regions of Kashmir in the early 1930s, travelling throughout India until his arrival in Merta. He practiced Raja Yoga and initially spent his days in solitary meditation. He was well loved by many citizens of Merta who became his devotees. In his later years he was visited by many westerners, especially the students of Sufi Shaikh Abdullah Isa Neil Dougan.[2] From 1995 he began to travel regularly throughout Rajasthan and the Punjab, visiting and helping the thousands of people who by that time considered him their Guru. Mouni Maharaj died in 2007 at an estimated age of 105 years. History After Rau Duda ruler of Medata Rau Viramdev ruler of Medata & Ajmer. His second son Rau Jaimal was very Breve. Jaimal defended Chitor against Akbar and ballads of his bravery are still sung in Rajasthan, Hariyana, UP, and Punjab. Chitoregarh Rana Udai Singh some difficult position left Chitorgarh fort and give a charge of Chitorgarh Rau Jaimal Medatiya Senapati of Chitore. After Jaimal his second son Rau Keshodas become a ruler of Medata. He is last ruler of Medata. After Keshodas his son Girdhardas get Parbatsar jageer have issue Gajadharji after Gajadharji have issue Shyam Singh get badu thikana, & Shyam Singh have issue Akhey Singh. He is Thakur of Budsu Thikana Jageer of 22 Revneu Village. Thakur Akhey Singh & his vanshaj called Akeysingot Medatiya sub clan. Akhey singh have issue 12 son 1 Amar Singh is elder son get Manana Thikna.second son surat singh get budsu thikana. One of son Padam Singh get Chindaliya in Nagour have issue One Son Chand Singh have issue six son 1Sahib Singh 2 Sabal Singh 3 Sawai Singh 4- Roop Singh 5- Sujan Singh 6-Dungar Singh. Sawai Singh- have issue Six Son 1- Devi Singh 2 Kayam Singh 3 Dule Singh 4- Sadul Singh have issue 1- Shyoji Singh 2 Om Singh 3 Hameer Singh Shyoji Singh have issue 2 son 1- Partap Singh 2- Sawant Singh have issue One son Mohan Singh have issue one son Hanuwant Singh have issue 3 son 1- Dashrath Singh 2- Umed Singh 3- Bhagwan Singh. Dashrath Singh have issue two son 1 Prahlad Singh 2 Narendra Singh. Umed Singh have issue only one son Tribhuwan Singh. Bhagwan Singh have issue three son 1 Vishavjeet Singh 2 Rajyavardhan Singh 3 Yashvardhan Singh. Prahlad Singh have issue Pratham Singh Mundwa Contents:- Geography/ Demographics Mundwa is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Geography Mundw i loc ed 2704N 7349E / 27.07N 73.82E / 27.07; 73.82[1]. It has an average elevation of 335 metres (1099 feet).

There are four Talabs on all the four directions of Mundwa. Names of these Talabs are Gyantalav Lakholav Pokhandi Motelav Dedaahni Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Mundwa had a population of 16,004. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Mundwa has an average literacy rate of 47%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 61%, and female literacy is 33%. In Mundwa, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.The city of MarwarMundwa was established by Mundel (Parihar) gotra of Jat,the former rulers of Mandore (Head Quarters of Marwar Riyasat, near Jodhpur)in 7th to 13th century. Nawa Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/ Villages in Nawa tehsil Nawa is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Geography N w i loc ed 2701N 7500E / 27.02N 75.0E / 27.02; 75.0[1]. It has an average elevation of 369 metres (1210 feet). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Nawa had a population of 18,226. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Nawa has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 56%. In Nawa, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Villages in Nawa tehsil * Abas* Abhaypura * Adaksar * Ajeetpura * Anandpura * Asanpura* Aspura * Bajna * Bangarh * Banwali* Baori * Baralpura* Barjan * Batliya * Begpura * Bhagwanpura * Bhairupura * Bhanwarpura* Bhanwata * Bhatipura* Bhawanipura * Bheenchron Ka Bas * Bheevpura * Bhilal* Bhooni* Bijapura * Budhdeopura* Butinathpura * Chak Daron Ka Ba* Chandpura * Charanwas* Charanwa* Chawandiy * Chhapr * Chitaw * Chosla* Dabsi* Danpura* Daron Ka Bas * Daulatpura* Dediya Ka Ba * Deeppur * Deol * Deoli Kalan * Deonagar* Deonagar* Depur* Deusar* Dhooton Ki Dhani* Gandhi Gram* Gauravpur * Gawariya * Gharwani* Ghatw* Gogo * Gopal Pura* Govindi* Gugarwa * Gurha Rajawata * Gurha Sal * Hanumanpura * Hanumanpura * Haripura* Haritpur * Hariya Joon * Hirani* Hudeel* Indal* Indokh * Jabdi Nagar* Jasran* Jaswantpur* Jawanpur * Jeejo * Jeenwar* Jiliya* Joshipura* Kakot* Kaliyawas* Kaloli* Kanchanpura* Kankariya * Kanpura* Kansera* Kantiya* Karker * Kasari* Keriyawa * Kerpur* Khakharki* Khardapura* Khardiya* Khariy * Khoranda* Khorandi* Khushiya* Kokpura* Kooni* Kotr* Kuchaman City* Kukanwali* Lakhanpura* Lakhji Ka Ba * Lala* Lamba* Lichana* Lohrana* Loonwa* Lora Ka Ba* Lorpura* Maharajpura* Mandawara* Mangalpura* Manglod* Manji Ki Dhani * Manpura* Maroth* Matasukha* Meethr * Minda* Mohanpura* Moondgaso* Moonpur* Moti Ram Ki Dhani* Motipura* Muwana * Nagwara* Nalot* Nanana* Narayanpura* Narsinghpura* Nawa (M),* Naya Bas* Nehru Nagar* Nolasiy* Nonpur* Ompur* Palara* Palri* Panchot* Panchwa* Panwar* Parewadi* Pipral * Prempura * Purohiton Ka Bas* Rajas* Rajliya* Rajpura* Ramnagar* Rampura* Rampu* Ranasar* Ranw* Rasal* Rewasa Dalelpura* Riksa* Rooppur* Rughnathpur* Sabalpur* Samoton Ka Ba* Sanwatgarh* Saranpur * Sardarpura* Sargoth Padampura* Sawaipura* Shekhawatpura* Sherpura* Sheshma Ka Bas* Shimbhoopura* Shiv* Shivdanpura* Shivpurvi* Shrawanpura* Shri Nagar* Shyamgar * Sidiya* Sindhupura* Sirs* Solay* Sujanpur* Suratpura* Takiya* Thathan* Thikariya Kalan* Thikariya Khurd* Tirsingiy * Todas* Torda* Udaipur* Ugarpura* Ukhamasar* Ulana* Vijai Nagar Parbatsar Parbatsar is a city and a municipality in Nagaur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Parbatsar had a population of 13,790. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Parbatsar has an average literacy rate of 61%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 47%. In Parbatsar, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.is known for cattle fair.name of cattle fair is veer teja cattle fair. Parbatsar got its name from Parbatshah Zawar who built this township in 1536. Parbatshah Zawar was born in this area while his mother was undergoing forced separatation. She gave birth to a child while she was on her way to father's family.( The name Zawar is often spelt with lot of variations such as Zamwar, Jhawar, Jhanwar, Zaver etc.)Parbatshah Zawar was raised by his mother. After spending some time in village Ghad panval a nearby village. Parbatshah expanded his business. He got top position in Mughal Darbar. In the cource of life he founded the new township. Later on this township got its name Parbatsar. The Mughal Darbar recognised his work and he got the title of 'Modi'. Late Shankarset Zawar of Jalgaon city of Maharashtra took his life mission to do research in the origin of

Zawars. The above content is based on the research done by Shankarset Zawar. -Ramesh Zawar, senior journalist, Thane Maharashtra Tonk district Contents:- History /Pilgrim Places/ Administrative set-up/ Industry Tonk District is a district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. The city of Tonk is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district is bounded on the north by Jaipur District, on the east by Sawai Madhopur District, on the southeast by Kota District, on the south by Bundi District, on the southwest by Bhilwara District, and on the west by Ajmer District. History Nawabi Nagari 'Tonk' is famous not only in Rajasthan but also all over India for its historical legends. It is situated on National Highway No. 12 at distance of 100 km from Jaipur. It is located in North- Eastern part of the state between 75.19' & 76.16 East longitude and 25.41' and 26.24' North Latitude. The total area of the District is 7194 km2. As per the history, Jaipur's King Man Singh conquered Tari & Tokra Janpad in the regime of Akbar. In 1643 twelve village of Tokra janpad given to Bhola Brahmin. Later Bhola gave a name to these twelve villages as 'Tonk'. It is surrounded by 5 districts i.e. in north Jaipur, in South Bundi & Bhilwara, in East Ajmer and in West Sawaimadhopur districts. Average rain fall is 62 mm. Agriculture and animal husbandry are the main occupation of the people. The history of Tonk is very old as it is connected with Bairath culture & civilization. Tonk has been called Rajasthan ka Lucknow, Adab ka Gulshan, Romantic poet Akhtar Shreerani ki Nagri, Meethe Kharboojo ka Chaman, Hindu Muslim Ekta ka Maskan and as result of which Tonk could keep an isolated status in Rajasthan. During the regime of Nawabs all the native were invited in an Islamic function of Miladdunabi without caste, color and greed, which was organised by the ruling Nawabs for the period of seven days in the month of Rabiul Awwal, collectively with all zeal in Tonk. It is further important to mention here that the first founder ruler of Tonk was Nawab Mohammed Amir Khan. It is known as SAMWAD LAKSHYA in Mahabharat period. In the regime of Mouryas, it is under mouryas then it was merged in to Malvas. Most of the part was under Harsh Vardhan. As per HEVAN SANG, tourist of China, it was under Bairath State. In the regime of Rajputs, the parts of this state are under Chavras, Solankis, Kachvahs, Sisodiyas and Chouhans. Later, it was under the regime of King Holkar and Sindhia. In 1806, Amir Khan conqurred it from Balvant Rao Holkar. Later, British government gained it from Amir Khan. As per the treaty of 1817, British government returned it to Amir Khan. Tonk was founded in 1818 by an Afghan military leader who was granted land by the ruler of Indore. Pilgrim Places * Tonk Jama Masjid * Arabic Persian Research Institute * Sunhari Kothi * Lord Devnarayan temple Jodhpuriya * Shri Kalyan Ji mandir Diggi * Mandakala (Nagarfort) A mini pushkar and A pond At here, Puratan shbyata ( khera ) is here. * Doonija mandir * Jal devi mandir * Kalpvriksh of Balunda * Jain Temples * Badri Nath temple * Dadabadi temple[1] SUNAHARI KOTHI It is situated near Bada Kuwa on Najar Bagh road in Tonk City. Inside the Kothi, the walls are golden polish. It is also kwown Shi hm h l. One c n ee he Di mond nd gl e , p in ing , flowe , PACHHIKARI & MEENAKARI wo k on he w ll . Gov . h publi hed i in he G zze e fo m king i Hi o ic l Pl ce. Renov ion work is going on for preserving this monument. RASIYA KE TEKRI Appointed by raja holkar, as a governor of this place Shri Ambaji Maharaj, a schooler ,known for composing love songs , renovated Rasia Ki Tekri in 1859. As per the local history, one Kayasth lover used to sit here and always sing love songs. On account of this romance (rasiya), this monumen i c lled by he n me of RASIYA KE TEKRI. BISALPUR It is located about 70 km from District HQ. and 13 km from Deoli tehsil head quarter. One can visit the beautiful Dam and historical LORD GOKARNESWAR temple. As per the local history, Ravan has m de p y ' he e. D m w constructed between two mountains on Banas river. Here, river banas splits the Aravali mountains. Its catchment area is 27,725 km2. The project is to be completed in two phases. In first phase, it will provide drinking water and in second phase irrigation facilities through the canals. The total length of the Dam will be 574 meters and the height is 39.50 meters. HATHI BHATA

It is about 22 km from district Hq. 5 km from this place, one can find a monument of Elephant. Single stone was carved in to the shape of an elephant. It was made by Ram Nath Slat during the regime of Sawai Ram Singh in 1200 AD. This evidence is written on the right ear of that Elephant. Even today you can read this script. HISTORICAL GHANTA GHAR This was constructed by Mohd. Sadat Ali Khan, Nawab of Tonk in 1937. As per the local history, in 1936, public suffered from the discease HAIZA. Nawab Sadat Ali Khan, 5th Nawab of Tonk distributed medicines house to house personally. Public appreciated this and presented money to him. He constructed this monument with the amount. JAMA MASJID This monument is was one of the biggest masjid's and the most beautiful monuments in India. This was started by First Nawab of Tonk, Nawab Amir Khan in 1246 A.D and was completed from 1297 A.D. to 1298 A.D. by his first son Nawab Wzirudhoula. 4 Minars of this monumnet can be seen from a long distance. Four big doors are constructed in the Moughal style. The main part of the monumnet resembles Delhi & Agra Moughal syle monuments. One can find the Golden paintings & Meenakari on the walls. RAJAMAHAL The 'Sangam' of three rivers Banas, Khari & Dai attracts the tourists. This Mahal is located at bank of banas river. There is good heritage hotel that provides accommodation to the tourist . One c n enjoy he bo ing in D h of S l m Singh'. Many national and international tourists who visited this place praised the beauty of this place. It is just 10 km from Bisalpur.One can see the Raj Mahal constructed on a big mountain at Kakor. This Mahal attracts the tourists. In olden days, this village is known by KANAKPURA. SHIVAJI GARDEN It is situated in Bhagat Singh Colony, Newai Town about 30 km from Tonk Hq. It is located on the National Highway, 70 km far from Jaipur. Its area is around 16 Bighas and constructed cost is approximately 1 Crore. Its map is designed like Maisoor Gardens & Hiran Magari Park. Musical fountains are arranged in this garden. Swimming Pool for children also there. OLd Name" Dhara Nagari " A Big pond is here, And rajaji is historical place is here, very old and historical Temple like shyam mandir , charbuja mandir,gouttam mandir,mata mandir ,Panchkuiya balaji mandir vary popular temples are there. a puratan sabyata khera near at rajaji mandir, a mini pond where surrounding with all religion temple and MANDAV rishi tapo bhumi is here tahts call MINI pushkar of rajasthan, a Big fair in karitik purnila orgenize by Nagarfort Panchyat at Mandkala. Adrash Bhawan hathai ka mohlla Nagar fort TOnk Rajasthan Jaipur Administrative set-up There are 7 sub-divisions and tehsils: Deoli, Malpura, Niwai, Todaraisingh, Tonk, Uniara and Peeplu. Tonk is NagarParishad while Deoli, Malpura, Niwai, Todaraisingh and Uniara are Nagar-Palikas. There are 1093 villages in the district according the census 2001. Industry There are many sandstone mines in the Tonk District. The town of Deoli of is the biggest producer of sandstone in the district. Deoli, Deoli is a city and a municipality in Tonk district in the state of Rajasthan, India. Demographics As of 2007[update] India census[1], Deoli had a population of 30,023. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Deoli has an average literacy rate of 79%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77% and female literacy is 61%. In Deoli, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. deoli was establised as british chavni around 1850s.it was one of the 6 british chavnis in rajasthan.during 1857 revolt tatiya tope came here . Malpura Contents:- Geography/ HISTORY/ Demographics Malpura is a city and a municipality in Tonk district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Malpura is known for its Dadabadi, built by the Khartargach Sect of Shewtambar Jain in memory of 3rd Dada Gurudev Shri Jinkushalsurishwarji. Geography Malpura is located 2617N 7523E / 26.28N 75.38E / 26.28; 75.38[1]. It has an average elevation of 132 metres (401 feet). Distance from Jaipur 90 km, Malpura is Also Knows for AVIKANAGAR - 4 KM from Malapura. It is world famous for CSWRI ( Central sheep and wool research institute). HISTORY 1. Main Thikana's (Ruling Family's .Jagirdars ) 2. Mehru 3. Nimera 4. khera 5. Tilanju 6. kerwaliya 7. Diggi

8. Bhashu 9. Mor 10. Tordi Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Malpura had a population of 27,242. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Malpura has an average literacy rate of 42%, lowerer than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 43%, and female literacy is 41%. In Malpura, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age. Places to be visited are Onn mataji temple and Diggi kalyan ji temple. McCube Technologies which is leading Software Company in World is also located MALPURA. Kasim Ziya is CEO of this company belong form Malpura itself the McCube Working in 3 Country. Newai Niwai is a city and a municipality in Tonk district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is bound in the north by Jaipur, in the east by Sawai Madhopur, in the south by Bundi and Bhilwara districts and in the west by Ajmer district. How to reach Air: The nearest airport is at Jaipur (70 km) Rail: There are three main routes in tonk district and one of them across the eastern area of Niwai tehsil only. Road: The total road length of Tonk district is 1,105 km. National Highway No.12 (Jaipur-Jabalpur) passes through Niwai, Tonk and Deoli panchayat samitis for a distance of 111 km. There are good many numbers of buses running to/from the district. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Niwai had a population of 31,355. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Niwai has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 51%. In Niwai, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Pilgrim places Devnarayan bhagawan's Temple Jodhpuriya. Bhagawan Devnarayan was son of king Sri Sawai Bhoj Gurjar (one of the 24 brave Gurjar brothers known as Bagaravat) and Saadu Maata Gurjari. Shivagi Park located in newai. Ashram of Dadudayal located in jamat, newai. Ractanchal parvat and many old sadhus are living here. the peaceful enviornment. Todaraisingh Todaraisingh is a city and a municipality in Tonk district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Todaraisingh had a population of 21,203. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Todaraisingh has an average literacy rate of 57%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 42%. In Todaraisingh, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age. Jain's are the most influential business community in Todaraisingh, has 10 historic temples, specially teample of Shree Adinath Bhagwan, which holds very old & charismatic Idol of Adinath bhagwan. NGO's (like Bharat Vikas Parishad, currently headed by Mr. Inder Mal Agrawal) are also working to propser the minorities, old age people, schools etc. through camps, charities & cultural programmes. Todaraisingh is historical place and has almost 300 years old Palace & other histotic monuments. It is famous for four things- Ghatti (used in flour mill), Patti (use in building, houses), Bawdi (small well) & Dawdi (Beautiful girls).In ancient time It was as good as other big regional powers. TodaRaiSingh Town Surrounded by hills, the picturesque town of Toda Raisingh is situated in Tonk district. It is an ancient town of archaeological significance. In earlier times, it was also known as Takshakagadha or Takshakpur, Todapattan, Ishtikapur, etc. Founded by the Nagas in or around 4th century, this town was also ruled by Yuhilas of Chatsu and Chauhans of Ajmer. In 15th & 16th centuries, it was the capital of Solanki Rajputs. The town got its present name from Rail Singh Sisodia, the famous ruler of this place. He was a Mughal 'Mansoobdar' during the reign of Shahjahan. Toda Rai Singh is blessed with glorious historical past as well as rich cultural heritage. It has a number of places of tourist interest. Prominent among them are - Hadi Rani Ki Baori (kund), Raja Rai Singh's Mahal, Isar Baori, Bhopat Baori and beautiful temples of Kalyanji, Raghoraiji, Gopinathji, Govinddeoji, etc. Bijolia inscription of V.E. 1226 suggests that Toda Rai Singh was a popular centre of Jainism. Hathi- Bhata Hathi Bhata mean Stone elephant is big attraction for tourist in Tonk district. Situated at 30 km on TonkSawai Madhopur Road from Tonk it is carved from a single stone and bigger than real elephant. Tonk Tonk is a town in Rajasthan state, India. The town of Tonk is situated 1462 ft. above sea-level, 100 km (60 miles) by road south from Jaipur, near the right bank of the Banas River. It is the administrative headquarters of Tonk District. Tonk was also the capital of the eponymous princely state of British India from 1817 to 1947. Contents :- Demographics/ See also Demographics In the 2001 Indian census[1], Tonk had a population of 135,663. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Tonk has an average literacy rate of 53%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 63%, and female literacy is 43%. In Tonk, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.

See also * Tonk (princely state) * Sunehri Kothi, Tonk Tonk was a princely state of India which by treaty in 1817 accepted British suzerainty. Following the Partition of India in 1947, Tonk acceded to the newly independent Union of India. It was located in the region that is now the Tonk district. Contents History/ The Salarzai rulers of Tonk/ See also History The founder of the state was Muhammad Amir Khan (1768-1834), a Muslim adventurer and military leader of Afghan descent. In 1817, upon submitting to the British East India Company, he received the territory of Tonk and the title of Nawab. While retaining internal autonomy and remaining outside British India, the state came under the supervision of the Rajputana Agency and consisted of six isolated districts. Three of these were under the Rajputana Agency, namely, Tonk, Aligarh (formerly Rampura) and Nimbahera. The other three, Chhabra, Pirawa and Sironj were in the Central India Agency. The total area of the princely state was 2553 sq. mi, with a total population in 1901 of 273,201. The town of Tonk, capital of the state, had a population of 38,759 in that year. The town was surrounded by a wall and boasted a mud fort. It had a high school, the Walter hospital for women, under a matron, and a separate hospital for men. The princely state enjoyed an estimated revenue of 77,000; however, no tribute was payable to the government of British India. Grain, cotton, opium and hides were the chief products and exports of the state. Two of the outlying tracts of the state were served by two different railways. A former minister of Tonk state, Sahibzada Obeidullah Khan, was deputed on political duty to Peshawar during the Tirah campaign of 1897. In 1899-1900, the state suffered much distress due to drought. Nawab Sir Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan GCIE (ruled 1867-1930) was one of few chiefs to attend both Lord Lytton's Durbar in 1877 and the Delhi Durbar of 1903 as ruler. In 1947, on the Partition of India whereby India and Pakistan gained independence, the Nawab of Tonk decided to accede to the Union of India. Subsequently, most of the area of the state of Tonk was integrated into the Rajasthan state, while some of its eastern enclaves became part of Madhya Pradesh. The foundation of the principality of Tonk led to the creation of a large Rajasthani Pathan community. The Salarzai rulers of Tonk * Muhammad Amir Khan 1798 - 1834 * Muhammad Wazir Khan 1834 - 1864 * Muhammad Ali Khan 1864 - 1867 * Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan 1867 - June 23, 1930 * Muhammad Sa'adat Ali Khan June 23, 1930 - May 31, 1947 Muhammad Amir Khan Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan (17681834) was a leader, of Pashtun origin belonging to its Salarzai branch and the first ruler of the princely state of Tonk (in the present day Rajasthan state of India). He was the son of Hayat Khan and the grandson of Taleh Khan.He is often confused as a member of the Pindaris although he was a Pathan with his Pathan contingency. British colonial writers sometimes tended to confuse the Pathans as part of the Pindaris. He allied himself most closely with the Maratha rulers, Scindia and Holkar, on whose behalf he would set out to attack their enemies each November, after the monsoon rains. While the Pindaris tended to concentrate on the east and south central Hindustan, Amir Khan and his Pathans concentrated on the north and Rajasthan. At the height of his power, he is said to have controlled a personal following of 8,000 cavalry, 10,000 infantry and up to 200 guns. The largest contingent amongst the Pindari chiefs, by far. In return for their services, the Maratha rulers of Gwalior, Indore and Berar often conferred land grants on the Pindaris. By the early years of the nineteenth century, these yielded additional revenues of between Rs 800,000 and Rs 2 million per annum. Sometimes, they would 'refrain from plunder' on the payment of large financial indemnities from their intended prey. After the defeat of the Rohillas in the Rohilla War of 17745 against the British, he fought against them. He had acquired the town and pargana of Tonk and the title of Nawab from Yashwantrao Holkar in 1798, and this area together with some other scattered parganas that he held, was combined with the pargana of Rampura (Aligarh) and erected into a new principality. Ultimately he established his rule in Tonk in 1806. In 1817 the Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief, The Marquess of Hastings, resolved to extinguish the Pindaris whom they deemed a menace. The Treaty of Gwalior severed the link between them and Scindia. Moreover, the treaty required the latter to join forces with the British to eliminate the Pindaris and Pathans. Bowing to the inevitable, Amir Khan assiduously came to terms with the British, agreeing to disband his men in return for a large stipend and recognition as a hereditary ruler. Amir Khan was recognized as hereditary nawab, disbanded

his forces and quietly settled down to consolidating his little state. He became a faithful friend to the British, earning praise and consideration from successive pro-consuls. Amir Khan died in 1834. He was succeeded by his son Muhammad Wazir Khan (r. 1834 1864). Muhammad Wazir Khan Muhammad Wazir Khan (reigned 18341864) was the second ruler of the princely state of Tonk (in the present day Rajasthan state of India). He was the son of Muhammad Amir Khan whom he succeeded. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857 he allied himself with the British and repulsed rebels.[1] Sunehri Kothi, Tonk Sunehri Kothi (Mansion of Gold) is a magnificent hall in the city of Tonk in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The hall is within the old palace complex, whose walls and ceilings are one sumptuous expanse of enamel mirrorwork, gilt and painted glass illuminated through stained-glass windows.The entire effect is that of an exquisite piece of enamel jewellery blown up to the size of a hall. It was built by Nawab Mohammed Ibrahim Ali Khan (1867-1930), the Nawab of Tonk, for poetry recitals, dance and music. Uniara Contents: - Geography/ Demographics/ rajasthan School of Painting Uniara is a city and a municipality in Tonk district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Geography Uni i loc ed 2555N 7601E / 25.92N 76.02E / 25.92; 76.02[1]. It has an average elevation of 266 metres (872 feet). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Uniara had a population of 10,827. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Uniara has an average literacy rate of 56%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 42%. In Uniara, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Uniara is located on National Highway No.116. Nearest Railway station is Sawai Madhopur, 39 km and district headquarter Tonk, 39 km. Nearest Airport is Jaipur, 136 km. Uniara is well connected from Jaipur, Kota, Bundi, Ajmer by road. Uniara is located at 136 km on the way to Ranthambhore National Park from State Capital of Rajasthan Jaipur. Near Uniara there is a place of tourist attraction at village 'Kheda' 15 km on the way from Uniara to tonk near village Kakod. At village 'Kheda' there is a real size elephant carved out of stone. There is a Heritage Palace at Uniara, city has some large Hindu Temples, worth visiting for their architecture. Best season to visit Uniara is October to February. rajasthan School of Painting Uniara had an important school of Indian painting in the 18th century that was an offshoot of the Bundi school. Prominent painters, who served under the ruler Sirdar Singh, included Dhano and Mira Bagas (Mir Baksh). Vanasthali Vanasthali is a census town in Tonk district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[1], Vanasthali had a population of 6676. Males constitute 31% of the population and females 69%. Vanasthali has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 84%. In Vanasthali, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age. See also Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali Vidyapith is an all woman's university located in the Tonk district of Rajasthan, India, 72 km from Jaipur. Over the last seventy three years Banasthali has developed into a National Centre for women's education. It is one of the five universities in India meant exclusively for Women. Aviation training at Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali Vidyapith is a center of learning for girls from nursery to post-graduate stage, offering them modern education without together with India's basic cultural and traditional values. It emphasizes a synthesis of the spiritual and scientific values of East and West. Contents * 1 History * 2 Courses o 2.1 PostGraduate Courses * 3 National institution for women's education * 4 Jaipur Campus * 5 Infrastructure and learning resources * 6 References * 7 External links

History On October 6, 1935 Ratan Shastri and Pandit Heera Lal Shastri founded Banasthali Vidyapith in memory of their daughter Shantabai and all the hostels of vidyapith are named after her like Shri Shanta Bhavan,Shri Shanta Niwas,Shri Shanta Kuteer.[1]. Courses University offers Under Graduate and Post Graduate courses in Science, Business, Computer Applications, Social Sciences and others. PostGraduate Courses * M.A. (Education, Economics, History, Political Science, Sociology, Sanskrit, Hindi, English, Drawing and Painting, Music (Instrumental/Vocal), Textile Design(Weaving/Printing). * M.Sc.(Physics, Chemistry, Computer Science+, Mathematical Sciences(Pure Mathematics/ Theoretical Computer Science/Operations Research/Statistics), Bio-Sciences(Animal Science/Plant Science), Biotechnology, Electroni , BioInformatics, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology). * Master of Business Administration (MBA) * Master of Computer Administration (MCA) * M.Tech. (Computer Science +/Software Engineering +/VLSI Design /Information Technology+). * M.Ed. * M.Sc. (Home Science) (Human Development, Foods Science & Nutrition, Clothing & Textile). * M.Phil. (Social Sciences and English Language Teaching, Hindi, Music (Vocal/ Instrumental), Mathematical Sciences). * Ph.D. ((Sanskrit, Hindi, English, Economics, History, Political Science, Sociology, Public Administration ,Music, Drawing & Painting, Computer Science, Electronics, Mathematics, Statistics, Physics, Bio-science, Biotechnology, Home-science (Human Development / Food Science and Nutrition n/ Clothing & Textile), Education, Management). b techfrom last three years it has started National institution for women's education B n h li educ ion p og mme im n ll- ound developmen of he uden pe on li y. To chieve i objective of synthesis of spiritual values and scientific achievements of the East and the West, there is a fivefold Educational Programme (Pachmukhi Shiksha) consisting of the following aspects: (i) Physical, (ii) Practical, (iii) Aesthetic, (iv) Moral and (v) Intellectual. The Vidyapith (Banasthali Vidyapith is now Banasthali University) has had virtual autonomy for its school programmes since the very beginning and was affiliated to an outside agency for its university programmes in 1983. On October 25, 1983 the Government of India, on the advice of the University Grants Commission, notified the Vidyapith as an Institution deemed to be University. The Vidyapith (Banasthali Vidyapith is now Banasthali University), after attaining the university status in 1983, restructured its undergraduate programme. That resulted into several inclusions such as dual honours. At the postgraduate level, the Vidyapith (Banasthali Vidyapith is now Banasthali University)introduced courses in Computer Science (covering both theoretical and application aspects), Operational Research, Electronics and Biotechnology. Teacher Education and Management were started in past ten to fifteen years. Recently new courses have been started such as M.Sc. (Bio-Informatics), M.Sc. (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) and M.Sc. (Applied Microbiology). Along with professional programmes such as MBA and MCA, all PG Courses in the Faculty of Science also have a semester system. This model has been replicated in other disciplines as well. From 2004 all Social Science, Humanities and Home Science Post-graduate programmes are being run as semester courses. Fine Arts programmes are less attuned to this model but a semester system would provide ample scope for allowing large number of electives for the students. Jaipur Campus The Institute has started another campus at Jaipur since April, 2001 exclusively for Management(BBA,MBA) and IT(BCA,MCA,M.Tech) courses. Jaipur centre is equipped with labs, lecture rooms, library and a 512 kbit/s Internet leased line. Infrastructure and learning resources The Vidyapith is a residential institute. The Vidyapith has its own land of 850 acres (3.4 km) in which there are at present 18 academic blocks housing various departments, Central Library, auditorium offices. Being a residential institution it necessarily provides residential accommodation to all its staff and students. There are in all 20 hostels and more than 220 staff quarters and one Wo king women Ho el wi h 72 e . The c mpu h p ovi ion fo g me nd po p og mme. The L xmi Bai maidan (26,690 sq. metres) is used for activities such as parade and annual fares. It also has a storage and projection room for cultural programmes and film shows. The Vidula Maidan (41,950 sq. metres) has fields for games such as Hockey, Volleyball, Basket Ball and Tennis and Yoga, Martial Arts and Mass Physical Display activities in addition, space for indoors games such as Badminton, Table Tennis etc. is also available. There is a swimming pool where students learn swimming as per specified schedule at nominal charges of Rs 2000 per annum. There is a

licensed air strip of 50,191,418 square metres in the Vidyapith which is used for training the students in gliding and flying. This has been one of the activities introduced as early as 1960 even before Banasthali Vidyapith got University status. The Vidyapith has its own projector and arranges film shows and cultural programmes on a regular basis. The Central Library of the Vidyapith has over one and a half lakh volumes and is equipped with reprographic facility. The library is connected to the UGC INFLIBNET programme. In addition there are several department libraries c e ing o he need of he e pec ive dep men linked h ough he Vidy pi h C mpu ne wo k. The uden nd faculty have access to internet via a 512 kbit/s BSNL leased line, 512 kbit/s INFONET VSAT connectivity and a Campus wide network having its central server at the Apaji Institute. The network and Internet access have been extended to four hostels housing Postgraduate students where a Computer with network is provided in each room. This provides them unlimited opportunities to unleash the power of the Internet. A ecen no ble ddi ion i Communi y FM R dio S ion in ugu ed R dio B n h li on J nu y 9, 2005 which broadcasts educative and entertainment programmes locally recorded by the students and staff of Banasthali Vidyapith. It operates at 90.4 MHz and serves the campus and the community within a radius of 30 km around the Vidyapith. The Vidy pi h h i own ho pi l, Ap ji A ogy M ndi wi h 60 bed , h ee doc o , one vaidya (an Ayurvedic physician) and other hospital staff. The hospital works round the clock throughout the year. The location and the Vidyapith being in the interior, it does not have any access to public hostels or guest houses. Round the year there are guests on Campus on University assignments and/or parents and guardians of the students and visitors who are provided accommodation in the guest house. Other services are made available on campus such as Post and Telegraph Office, PCOs and a Telephone Exchange, Banks Extension Counters, (United Commercial Bank and The Central Cooperative Cooperative Bank Ltd. Tonk), SBI ATM Ex en ion Coun e M ke including Book nd S ione y hop nd Medic l S o e . Dev Dham Jodhpuriya Dev Dham Jodhpuriya is a temple of God Shri Devnarayan.It is situated in Newai municipality of Tonk district, Rajasthan.The place is 75 km away from Jaipur on jaipur-kota national highway (NH-12). It is situated near Mashi dam, Manoharpura[1] in Newai municipality of Tonk district. Shri devnarayan is worshiped as incarnation of lord Vishnu.As tradition tells, He got incarnated in Vikram Samvat 968 as Son of Gurjar warrior Shri Sawai Bhoj Bagaravat and Saadu Maata Gurjari. Contents:- Festivals/ Statues/ Aarati and Night vigils Festivals Every year two fairs are organised in memory of Lord Dev-Maharaj (Devnarayan Bhagawan). Statues A statue at Jodhpuriya of Sri Sawai Bhoj Gurjar, one of the 24 Gurjar brothers known as Bagaravat. The temple is decorated with various statues which includes the statue of cousins of God Devnarayan, Bhuna ji and Mehandu ji along with their half-sister Taradey panwar, Gurjar warrior Sri Sawai Bhoj, statue of child Devnarayan sitting in lap of Saadu Maata Gurjari, statue of the birth place of Lord Devnarayan-Maalasheri Doongari and Statue of Devnarayan Bhagawan drinking milk of lioness. Aarati and Night vigils Statue of Saadu Maata Gurjari With her son Shri Devnarayan at Jodhpuriya. Akhand Jyoti at night with images of mounted soldiers which reflect in red and white. Akhand Jyoti near Maasi Dam, Manoharpura. Aarati (major worship) of Devnarayan bhagawan daily happens thrice a day, first one at 4 am followed by 11 am and last one at 7 pm. Friday is the day when devotees from distant villages and cities come to visit the temple. Night-vigil (jaagirn) are organized by so many devotees specially on Friday night and almost every day in summer season. In fairs (2 fairs in a year,) Bhopas of Devnarayan bhagawan makes figures related to dev-maharaj's birth and his brave deeds on a Thali while dancing. Devnarayan bhagawan is worshiped almost by every section in rajasthan, specially Gurjars as being heirs and priests of lord Devnarayan. The following quote can be observed on every image of Sri Devnarayan: "Samvat 968 ke aansh, janam liya Gurjar ke vansh Sadhu sati ke vachno dwara,kamal phool Dev liya avatar." That means he incarnated in Gurjar dynasty in vikram samvat 968 (911 A.D.) to fulfill the promise he gave to Saadu maata Gurjari. Bagri Ki Dhani Manoharpura ( ) (also called Bagri ki Dhani), is famous for Mashi dam [1]. The village is situated near the Jodhpuriya temple of Devnarayan Bhagawan in the Tonk district of Rajasthan, India. The village is also known as Bagri ki Dhani as most of the Bagri ( ) clan of the Gurjar are living here. Notable personality

* Shri Bhagwan ji Bagri, patel of the village and working for the welfare of the village. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharatpur,_India Bharatpur district Contents:- Demographics/ History/ Keoladeo National Park/ Places to see Bharatpur District is a district of Rajasthan state in western India. The town of Bharatpur is the district headquarters. The district has an area of 5,066 km. It is bounded by Rewari and Gurgaon districts of Haryana on the north, Mathura and Agra districts of Uttar Pradesh on the east, and the Rajasthan districts of Dholpur on the south, Karauli on the southwest, and Dausa and Alwar on the west. Three rivers, the Ban Ganga, Rooparel, and Gambhir, cross the district. The Ban Ganga originates in Jaipur District, passes through Dausa and Bharatpur districts to meet the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh. The Gambhir River starts from Pachana Dam of Karauli District, and meets the Ban Ganga in Bayana tehsil. The Rooparel River starts from hills of Alwar District and enters the district in Kaman tehsil. Bharatpur District is famous for Keoladeo National Park, a major wintering area for migratory birds. Established as a duck-hunting reserve by the Maharajas of Bharatpur, it was known as the best duck shooting resort in the British Empire. The site was declared a bird sanctuary in 1956 and later upgraded to National Park. UNESCO has listed it as a world heritage site. Keoladeo National Park attracts 364 species of birds, including many from India, but also from Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Siberia, China and Tibet, including the rare Siberian Crane. As the monsoons arrive and the wetlands and marshes start to fill with water, birds start pouring into the park. Bharatpur (Hindi: ) is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It was founded by Maharaja Suraj Mal in 1733. Located in the Brij region, Bharatpur was once an impregnable, well-planned and well-fortified city, and the capital of Jats kingdom ruled by SinsinwarMaharajas.The trio of Bharatpur, Deeg and Dholpur has played an important part in the history of Rajasthan. Located 55 km west of the city of Agra (the city of the Taj Mahal) and 35 km from Mathura, it is also the administrative headquarters of Bharatpur District and also the headquarters of Bharatpur Division of Rajasthan. The Royal House of Bharatpur traces their history to the 11th Century AD. of this region are of most respected royal status in Rajasthan. Bh pu i loc ed 2713N 7729E / 27.22N 77.48E / 27.22; 77.48[1]. It has an average elevation of 183 metres (600 feet). Bharatpur is also known as Lohagarh. Bharatpur is famous for its sweets which are well prepared here and there are a large number of shops here. There are more than 50 oil mills in Bharatpur due to mustard grown in large quantity in the surrounding areas. Demographics As of the 2001[update] Indian census[2], Bharatpur had a population of 304,560. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Bharatpur has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 75% and female literacy of 56%. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. History Main article: History of Bharatpur The history of Bharatpur has immediate correlations with the history of Rajasthan. The town was named Bharatpur after Bharata, a brother of Lord Rama, whose other brother Laxman is the family deity of the erstwhile royal family of Bharatpur. The city and the fort of Bharatpur have been believed to be founded by Maharaja Surajmal in the early seventeenth century. He established a state in the Braj region south of Delhi, with its capital at Deeg. Leaders such as Gokula, Raja Ram, Churaman and Badan Singh brought together all the Jats and moulded them into a force to be reckoned with. Maharaja Suraj Mal was the state's greatest ruler; he made the state a formidable force in the region. During the British Raj, the state covered an area of 5,123 km and its rulers enjoyed a salute of 17 guns. The state acceded unto the Dominion of India in 1947. It was merged with three nearby princely states to form the "Matsya Union", which in turn was merged with other adjoining territories to create the present-day state of Rajasthan. Keoladeo National Park Main article: Keoladeo National Park Now declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, the duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, China and Siberia. Some 364 species of birds, including the rare Siberian Crane, have been recorded in the park. The name "Keoladeo" is derived from the name of an ancient Hindu temple devoted to Lord Shiva in the sanctuary's central zone while the Hindi term "Ghana" implies dense, thick areas of forest cover. It is mainly famous for siberian crane. It was the only habitat of siberian crane in the world, other than siberia. Now with course of time, this endangered species has stopped reaching the park. Places to see Ganga Mandir Bharatpur * Keoladeo National Park * Lohagarh Fort * Government Museum * Golbagh Palace

* Moti mahal * Kishori Mehal * Laxmi Vilas Palace * Jawahar Burj * Fateh Burj * Ganga mandir * Laxman mandir * Vishwapriya shastri park * Bankebihari temple * Nehru Park Fairs and festivals * Braj Mahotsav * Jaswant exhibition * Gangaur * Teej Surrounding area * Deeg Fort * Gopal Bhavan * Laxman mandir [deeg] * Bayana Fort * Kailadevi Temple [teh-Bayana] * Temples at Kaman Keoladeo National Park The Keoladeo National Park or Keoladeo Ghana National Park formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary in Rajasthan, India is a famous avifauna sanctuary that sees (or saw) thousands of rare and highly endangered birds such as the Siberian Crane come here during the winter season. Over 230 species of birds are known to have made the National Park their home. It is also a major tourist centre with scores of ornithologists arriving here in the hibernal season. It was declared a protected sanctuary in 1971. It is also a declared World Heritage Site. Contents:- History /See also History Painted stork at Keoladeo National Park The sanctuary was created 250 years ago and is named after a Keoladeo (Shiva) temple within its boundaries. Initially, it was a natural depression; and was flooded after the Ajan Bund was constructed by Maharaja Suraj Mal, the then ruler of the princely state of Bharatpur, between 1726 to 1763. The bund was created at the confluence of two rivers, the Gambhir and Banganga. The park was a hunting ground for the maharajas of Bharatpur, a tradition dating back to 1850, and duck shoots were organised yearly in honor of the British viceroys. In one shoot alone in 1938, over 4,273 birds such as mallards and teals were killed by Lord Linlithgow, the then Governor-General of India. After India's independence, the rulers of the princely states were allowed shooting rights until 1972. In 1982, grazing was banned in the park, leading to violent clashes between the local farmer and the government. Lohagarh Fort Lohagarh Fort (Iron fort) is situated at Bharatpur in Rajasthan, India. It was constructed by Bharatpur Jat rulers. Maharaja Suraj Mal used all his power and wealth to a good cause, and built numerous forts and palaces across his kingdom, one of them being the Lohagarh Fort(Iron fort), which was one of the strongest ever built in Indian history. The inaccessible Lohagarh fort could withstand repeated attacks of British forces led by Lord Lake in 1805 when they laid siege for over six weeks. Having lost over 3000 soldiers, the British forces had to retreat and strike a compromise with the Bharatpur ruler. Of the two gates in the fort, one in the north is known as Ashtdhaatu (eight metalled) gate while the one facing the south is called Chowburja (four-pillared) gate. It is very different from the other forts in Rajasthan state, there is no flamboyance associated to fort but it generates an aura of strength and magnificence. The fort is surrounded with moat which was previously filled with water to ward off the enemy attacks. The sandy ramparts were strengthened by sandy battlements, thus the enemy guns proved of no avail. Some interesting monuments in the fort are Kishori Mahal, Mahal Khas and Kothi Khas. Moti Mahal and towers like Jawahar Burj and Fateh Burj were erected to commemorate the victory over the Mughals and the British army . The Gateway has paintings of huge elephants. Government Museum Government Museum, established in 1851, is located in Egmore, Chennai, South India. The Museum complex consisting of six buildings and 46 galleries covers an area of around 16.25 acres (66,000 m) of land. The objects displayed in the museum cover a variety of artifacts and objects covering diverse fields including archeology, numismatics, zoology, natural history, sculptures, palm-leaf manuscripts and Amravati paintings.

It is also a designated 'Manuscript Conservation Centre' (MCC) under the National Mission for Manuscripts established in 2003.[1] Bayana Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/ History Bayana is a historical town in Bharatpur district of Rajasthan in India. It is a historical city founded by Banasur, who was an "Asura". He lived during the time of Krishna. His daughter "Usha" was married to Anirudh (grandson of Shri Krishna after a long battle). Geography Bayana is located in a small plain, between two hill ranges running more or less parallel to each other near the left bank of the Gambhir river, at a distance of 45 km southwest of Bharatpur. Bayana is loc ed 2654N 7717E / 26.9N 77.28E / 26.9; 77.28.[1] It has an average elevation of 196 metres (643 feet). Banasur Gurjar was king of Bayana city. Name of his daughter was Usa Gurjar. Veer gurjar's were ruler kingdom of Bayana samraaj from 900-1250. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census,[2] Bayana had a population of 33,504. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Bayana has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of females literate. 17% of the population is under 6 years of age. History The ancient name of Bayana was Sripatha or Sriprashtha or Shantipura. A big hoard of the ancient Indian coins were discovered in 1946 at the distance of 11 km from Bayana. In 372 AD, Vishnu Vardhana erected the sacrificial pillar in memory of pundarika sacrifice for prosperity. In 1046 AD Chittralekha, the queen of Mangalaraja (Mangalraja was Kachawaha king of Gwalior. He was son of Vazradama, who died in a battle with Mahmood of Gazni in 1000 AD.) Built the temple of Vishnu . It is a curious mixture of Hindu and Mohammad relics. Ruled by stalwarts like Muhammad Ghori, Sikandar Lodhi and Humayun, Bayana held a special place in history. According to Abul Fazal: "this town is the burial place of many illustrious men". It can be adjudged that various important battles were fought here. Akbarnama mention that in former times Bayana was the capital of a province of which Agra was merely a dependent village. Before the main Battle of Khanua, in 1527. Rana Sanga and Hasan Khan Mewati had initial success here. Many generals and soldiers of Babur were killed here. The graves of these generals still present in Bayana. It was here that Babur renounced alcohol. A mosque named "Talaqani Masjid" is still present to commemorate this event. Babur also constructed "Jhajhri" here. Which is present until now. Bayana is about 35 kilometres from Khanwa and about 46 km from Fatehpur Sikri. Bayana is famous for Bijaigarh (Vijaygarh) fort, which was built by Jadon Raja Bijai Pal in 1040 A.D. The Bijaigarh fort contains several old temples and a red sandstone pillar bearing an inscription of Vishnuvardhan, a feudatory of Samudragupta. The fort was described as one of the most famous forts in India by Babur himself. Besides this, there is a monolithic sandstone pillar, a combination of Hindu and Muslim styles, which bears many inscriptions. Another important place is Temple of Usha, which was built during the reign of Raja Laxman Sen, (Laxman was father of Vazradama the kachawaha king of Gwalior) by his wife. Usha loved and married Aniruddh after a long battle. This is the only temple in India dedicated to Usha. There is a Fort At Arwali Mounten at village Sikndra 5 K.M.From bayana Bhusawar Bhusawar is a city and a municipality in Bharatpur district in the state of Rajasthan, India. Deeg Contents:- Geography/ History/ Deeg in films/ Fairs/ Demographics/ See also Deeg (Hindi: ) is a city and a municipality in Bharatpur district in the state of Rajasthan, India. It is situated in the north of Bharatpur at a distance of 32 km, and 98 km (61 miles) North of Agra. Deeg comes under THE BIG PARIKRMA MARG of Lord Krishna which was started from Goverdhan, just only 12 km. far from deeg. It is an ancient town. It finds mention in Skanda Purana ( ) as "Dirgha" or "Dirghapur". Deeg was the first capital of the newly carved out Jat state of Bharatpur, when Badan Singh was proclaimed its ruler in 1722. In 1730, the Maharaja Suraj Mal erected the strong fortress of Deeg. After Suraj Mal moved the capital to Bharatpur, Deeg became the second capital of the rulers of Bharatpur princely state. It is known for its number of forts, palaces, gardens and fountains. Geography Deeg i loc ed 2728N 7720E / 27.47N 77.33E / 27.47; 77.33.[1] It has an average elevation of 174 m (571 ft). History I i n ncien own. I find men ion in Sk nd Pu n Di gh o Di gh pu . Deeg w he fi c pi l of he newly carved out Jat state of Bharatpur, when Badan Singh was proclaimed its ruler in 1722. In 1730, the Maharaja Suraj Mal erected the strong fortress of Deeg. After Suraj Mal moved the capital to Bharatpur, Deeg became the

second capital of the rulers of Bharatpur princely state. It is known for its number of forts, palaces, gardens and fountains. Badan Singh ( 17221756 AD) after assuming the throne consolidated the headship of the tribe and thereby became the virtual founder of the Jat house at Bharatpur. The credit of commencing the urbanization of Deeg also goes to him. It was he who selected this spot as the headquarters of his newly established Jat kingdom. The strong citadel with towering walls and bastions was erected slightly later in 1730 AD by Surajmal, the worthy son of Badansingh. About the same period according to certain writers the large charming tank called Rup Sagar was built by Rup Singh, the brother of Badan Singh. The beautiful garden retreat adorning this city is the most outstanding of the artistic accomplishments of Surajmal and serves to this day a glorious memorial to the celebrated hero of the Jat tribe. After the death of Surajmal, his son Jawahar Singh (1764 68 AD) completed certain palaces including the Suraj Bhawan and gave finishing touch to the gardens and fountains. Deeg (Lat. 27 28' N; Long. 77 20' E), ancient Dirghapura in district Bharatpur became a stronghold of the Jat rulers during 18th -19th cent AD. It is located at a distance of 153 km from Delhi and 98 km from Agra. It falls within the territorial limits of the ancient holy Braj Bhumi. Historically, Deeg is associated with the rise of the Jat peasants under the leadership of Rajaram (AD 1686-88), Bhajja Singh (AD 1688-98) and Churaman (AD 1695-1721). After the death of Churaman, Badansingh (AD 1722-56) consolidated his authority over several districts and became the virtual founder of the Jat rule at Bharatpur. He is credited with transforming Deeg into a flourishing town with beautiful buildings, palaces and gardens. Surajmal (AD 1756-63), the son and successor of Badansingh was the greatest ruler and during his rule the power of clan reached its zenith. Deeg in films The 1972 movie by Conrad Rooks, Siddhartha, based on Herman Hesse's novel, was shot in Deeg. Additional scenes in the film were shot in Keoladeo Ghana Sanctuary, Bharatpur. The town is very famous due to Jat history. The british people couldn't enter in the city, the last wish of british people was to see the Deeg palace when they were leaving India but the royal jat raja did not allow them. Fairs Now a days Deeg is famous for the three-day fair held in the month of September, when the forts of Deeg are brought to liveliness. Deeg has various kinds of palaces, the most famous among them is "Sawan-Bhadon". The palace has a hollow ceiling with rolling iron spheres in it; when water is made to flow into the ceiling, these spheres collide with each other and produce a sound like raining clouds. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census,[2] Deeg had a population of 40,826. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Deeg has an average literacy rate of 61%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71% and, female literacy is 49%. In Deeg, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age. See also * Deeg Palace Deeg Palace Deeg Palace is a palace situated near Bharatpur in Rajasthan state in India. Built in 1772 it lies 32 km from Bharatpur. [1] History Deeg i n ncien own. I find men ion in Sk nd Pu n Di gh o Di gh pu . Deeg w he fi c pi l of the newly carved out Jat state of Bharatpur, when Badan Singh was proclaimed its ruler in 1722. In 1730, the Maharaja Suraj Mal erected the strong fortress of Deeg. After Suraj Mal moved the capital to Bharatpur, Deeg became the second capital of the rulers of Bharatpur princely state. It is known for its number of forts, palaces, gardens and fountains. After assuming the throne, Badan Singh (172256 AD) consolidated the headship of the tribe and thereby became the virtual founder of the Jat house at Bharatpur. The credit of commencing the urbanization of Deeg also goes to him. It was he who selected this spot as the headquarters of his newly established Jat kingdom. The strong citadel with towering walls and bastions was erected slightly later in 1730 AD by Surajmal, the worthy son of Badan Singh. About the same period according to certain writers the large charming tank called Rup Sagar was built by Rup Singh, the brother of Badan Singh. The beautiful garden retreat adorning this city is the most outstanding of the artistic accomplishments of Surajmal and serves to this day a glorious memorial to the celebrated hero of the Jat tribe. After the death of Surajmal, his son Jawahar Singh (176468 AD) completed certain palaces including the Suraj Bhawan and gave finishing touch to the gardens and fountains. The architecture of Deeg is mainly represented by the mansions called the Bhawans popularly known as Gopal Bhawan, Suraj Bhawan, Kishan Bhawan, Nand Bhawan, Keshav Bhawan, Hardev Bhawan. The striking features of these palaces are balanced outlines, fine proportions, commodious halls, attractive and logically disposed arcades, alluring greenery, charming tanks and canals with fountains. The layout of Deeg gardens is based on formality of the Mughal Char bagh or fourfold garden patterns and flanked by two reservoirs called namely Rup Sagar and Gopal Sagar.

The architecture is primarily of trabeate order, but the use of arcuate system has also been made in certain instances. Mostly the arcades are of a decorative quality as each arch is formed by joining spandrel shaped slab cantivelers projecting from the pillars. The general features of this style are engrailed arches resting on ornate pillars, hypostylar halls flat roof terraces, balconies and pavilions with Bengal roofs, double eaves, moderate structural heights and spacious internal arrangements. Kaman Contents Geography/ Demographics/ History/ Transport 'KAMAN' is a Town and block headquarter(sub division) and a (municipality) in Bharatpur district in Rajasthan state of India Geography K m n i loc ed 2739N 7716E / 27.65N 77.27E / 27.65; 77.27[1]. It has an average elevation of 189 metres (620 feet).It is bordered by two states(haryana and U.P.)from West and North respectively.At the village Nonera the border of Haryana and U.P. touches and make a triangle.Important and big villages are :- Bilang ,Bolkhera,Jurehra,Bilond,Indrauli,Akata ,Lewda ,Somka,Sehsan ,Sablana,Birar ,Dhamari,Satwas,Anchwara,Amrooka,Garh Ajan,Moosepur, Luhesar,pai,Bmni,Nonera,Khedli gumani(khedi Nogaiyan),Unchera,Bhandara,Tayra,Gurira,Ladlaka,Gundgaon,Angarawali,Gamdi (famous for tatloo),Sonokhar etc. and many other small villages. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Kaman had a population of 72,777. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Kaman has an average literacy rate of 57%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 68%, and female literacy is 44%. In Kaman, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.The boundary of Kaman tehsil are touched with Deeg, Nagar and Pahari tehsil of Bharatpur district and State boarder is touched with Kosi in U.P. Boarder and Punhana tehsil in Haryana state History View of Vimal Kund Kaman is a very old town, situated in the north of Bharatpur.It has important historical background. It is considered to be a very old and sacred town of Hindus as it forms a part of (Braj) or (Brij) area where Lord Krishna spent his early life. It is also known as Kamawan. Its former name is said to have been Brahmapur, but Raja Kamsen the maternal grand father of Krishna changed it to Kaman after his own name. Kaman is the short name of Kadambawana for numerous Kadamba Trees are found here. It is a place of Pilgrimage, Annually visited by a large number of [Vaishnava] in the month of Bhadon as a part of Vanyatra. The remains of a Masjid consisting of 84 pillars, named 'Chou i Kh m b ill exi he e. None of he e pill i wi hou o n men nd ome e ve y highly decorated.Many indian languages have been carved out on the red coloured wall stones in the monument.On the top of the arch of main entrance gate many verses of HOLY QUR'AN have been carved out.It is interesting that the whole structure was built up without using cement and clay. all pillars have been joined to each other. in the middle in the front wall there is Mehrab (middle arch)where IMAM (RELIGIOUS LEADER)to adress the people during Juma(friday prayer).Kaman also has 84 kunds (ponds) many of them have been lost their existence. Kaman has long been under the rule of king [Jaipur] but was conquered and annexed by Maharaja jawahar Singh. Some palaces of Jaipur Chiefs still exist here. Maharaja Jai Singh took the idols of Madan Mohanji and Gokul Chandramanji to his newly built city of Jaipur but due to some reasons the idols were brought back to Kaman after a short stay at Bikaner.A fair also held in rainy season called as "Parikrama Mela" or 'Parkamma' at the higher ground of 'Cheel Mahal'(Eagle palace).the palce called cheel mahal due to its characteristic of higherness to the surrounding area. Located north of Bharatpur is the small town of Kaman. It is believed to be a very sacred town for the Hindus as it belongs to the Braj area where Lord Krishna is believed to have resided. Previously known as Brahampore, the name w ch nged by R j K m Sen, Lo d K i hn g ndf he . I i n med f e he m ny k d mbh ee in he e . Maharaja Jai Singh took the idols of Madan Mohanji and Gokul Chandraman to his newly built city of Jaipur but due to some reasons the idols were brought back to Kaman after a short stay at Bikaner. Its former name is believed to have been Brahampore, but Raja Kama Sen, the maternal grand father of Krishna changed it to Kaman. Kaman is the short name of Kadambawana for numerous Kadhamba Trees are found here. It is a place of Pilgrimage. Annually this place is thronged by a large number of Vaishnava in the month of Bhadon as a part of Banyatra .The em in of monumen con i ing of 84 pill , n med Chou i Kh m b ill exi he e. N one of these pillars is without ornament and some are even very highly decorated. Kaman is a small town known for several prominent temples of Rajasthan and a key halt of travelers. Along with numerous significant temples as Govindaji Temple, Vimala Kunda and Kameswara Mahadeva Siva Temple of Kaman, Chaurasi Khamba is the renowned temple known for its significance and magnitude. Sited a little west of the town Chaurasi Khamba temple is regarded as the prime means of attraction of Rajasthan. This architecturally beautiful building, Chaurasi Khamba has thus left its mark in travel and tourism of Bharatpur. Eighty-four ancient beautifully carved pillars has carefully festooned the monument and thus obtained the name Chaurasi Khamba temple. Resembled with the monument at Gokula, Chaurasi Khamba is successfully grabbing the tourist to unfurl and explore its architecturally carved pillars. This place is believed as the renowned spot of Nanda

Maharaja. The monument is also visited for its significance of having the abode of Pandava Brothers during their 14years exile. Transport Kaman is well connected to bharatpur,alwar,jaipur,delhi,faridabad,gurgaon,ambala,panipat,chandigarh and many other major cities of north-west india by roads.you can buses ot rajasthan roadways at regular intervels to these cities from kaman, the nearest relway station is kosi-kalan 25km from it.other major junction near to kaman are bharatpur and mathura. Kumher Contents:- Geography/ Demographics/ Banking Kumbher is a historical city and municipality in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, India. It was founded by a Jat chieftain Kumbh. Geography Kumhe i loc ed 2719N 7722E / 27.32N 77.37E / 27.32; 77.37.[1] It has an average elevation of 176 metres (577 feet). Kumher is also the birthplace of the illustrious Arya Samaji Vedic and Ayurvedic scholar, Pt. Satyendranath Vaidya (1902-1982). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census,[2] Kumher had a population of 30,500. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Kumher has an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 95%, and female literacy is 75%. In Kumher, 90% of the population is under 6 years of age. Banking There are branches of some nationalised banks in Kumher, and also has the only ATM machine between Bharatpur and Deeg. Nadbai Nadbai is a city and a municipality in Bharatpur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan.Nadbai is divided into Katra and Nadbai.RAM MANDIR is the famous temple in nadbai. Geography Nadbai i loc ed 2714N 7712E / 27.23N 77.2E / 27.23; 77.2[1]. It has an average elevation of 205 metres (672 feet). It is about 34 km from distt. head Qtr. Bharatpur, 10 Km from NH-11. its about 15 kilometers from halena,located in south on NH11. its divided in two parts, Katra & Nadbai. has a Railway station which is now being reconstructed, as its better & bigger now. Nadbai includes industriel area as well. Nadbai is the best place to get supply for musterd oil as its surrounded with a lot villages with productive land. Now a days bricks manufacturing units are getting existence Near about the Nadbai, and near about more than 100 nos of bricks manufacturing units has been eastablished till the year of 2010. Seven nos of musterd oil industies having registerd trade marka, and more than 60 small mustard oil extracting units has been established also. Mustered oil yielded by these units are mostly supplied to the eastern india. Thus the Nadbai town is well touch in trade with eastern india. Beside this indias most important Cattle feed industary is also situated here. which is the unit of well known SARAS DAIRY.Rajasthan's top most Krishi Upaj Mandi is also eastablished here. == NADBAI is the hub of education in rajasthan == students of nadbai are getting the top most ranking in the merit list of rajasthan board every year in last few years, and from year 2003 every year. this is also known as a MINI KOTA of Rajasthan As Nadbai has its own recognition in the field of education in north India, Mr. Ajay Katara( MD of S. R. Group ) Mr. Ghansgyam katar of Kala vidya Mandir , Mr. Vijay Raj singh of Nootan Adarsh Vidya mandir, Mr. Santosh Agrawal of Adarsh Public School,Mr.Satish Sharma of Tagor Public School,Mr.Daya chand of swami Dayanand sarswati sachool, Mr. Govind Singh of Bharti Bal Niketan are the well kown personalities for doing Splendid work and providing grand results at various levels and getting the good results in the field of education and placing their students in the top 10 ranking of merit list of Rajasthan Board.Due to their best efforts students of Nadbai town captures places in the Rajasthan Board's merit list every year. Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Nadbai had a population of 21,644. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Nadbai has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 53%. In Nadbai, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. Nagar Nagar is a city and a municipality in Bharatpur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is in between Bharatpur and Alwar. It is famous for a sweet called "Jalewa". Geography

N g i loc ed 2554N 7550E / 25.9N 75.83E / 25.9; 75.83[1]. It has an average elevation of 304 metres (997 feet). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Nagar had a population of 21,349. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Nagar has an average literacy rate of 58%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 69%, and female literacy is 45%. In Nagar, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age. It is a place in Bharatpur district, lying in between Bharatpur and Alwar. Distance from delhi to 175 km and from Jaipur to 150 km. Weir Weir is a city and a municipality in Bharatpur District in the Indian state of Rajasthanthree bank and sub division of bharatpur districts this city is situated to bayana and jaipur road in weir one atm . Geography Wei i loc ed 2541N 7544E / 25.68N 75.73E / 25.68; 75.73[1]. It has an average elevation of 272 metres (1092 feet). Demographics As of 2001[update] India census[2], Weir had a population of 17,331. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Weir has an average literacy rate of 57%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 41%. In Weir, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age. Dholpur district Dholpur District is a district of Rajasthan state in western India. The town of Dholpur is the district headquarters. Dholpur District has an area of 3084 km. The Chambal River forms the southern boundary of the district, across which lies the state of Madhya Pradesh. The district is bounded by the state of Uttar Pradesh on the east and northeast, by Bharatpur District of Rajasthan on the northwest, and Karauli District of Rajasthan on the west. All along the bank of the Chambal River the district is deeply intersected by ravines; low ranges of hills in the western portion of the district supply quarries of fine-grained and easily-worked red sandstone. The population of the district is 982,815 (2001 census), with a population density of 324 persons per km. The population grew 31.2% between 1991 and 2001. The literacy rate is 60.1% in 2001, 75.1% for males and 41.8% for females. Administratively the district is divided into four subdivisions, Dholpur, Badi, Rajakhera, and Basedi, and five tehsils, Dholpur, Badi, Rajakhera, Basedi, and Saipau. The economy of the district is primarily agricultural.