Science Chapter 3 Human Body System Study Sheet

Name ___________________________ Test Date ________________________

1. The Veins 2.

take blood from the body back to the heart.

When you hold your breath _carbon_____ dioxide______ builds up in your blood and your _brain______ sends to your diaphragm and rib muscles telling them to breahte.

3. Capillaries________ surround the walls of each air sac (alveoli) in the lungs. 4. Digestion begins when the teeth _____ grind the food. 5. In the esophagus, rings of __muscle_____ squeeze the food toward the stomach. 6. The _liver_ and the _pancreas__ send chemicals to the small intestine to help digest food. 7. In the small intestine, _villi __ provide more surface area to absorb food. 8. The __circulatory__ system is the transportation system of the body. 9. The urinary / excretory system removes __wastes___ from the body. 10. What 3 things do the kidneys do in your body? ____Clean the blood ___________________

___Regulate the amout/ level of salt in blood_________ ___Control amount / level of water in the blood______________________________ 11. The ___urinary _____ bladder stores wastes and water until they are ready to leave the body. 12. When an infection enters your body _white __ _blood__ _cells__ increase to fight it. 13. Be ready to label the main parts of the respiratory system on a diagram.

Circulatory System 1. The main organ of the circulatory system is the __heart ___. 2. The human heart is about the size of your __fist________. 3. The heart has _4 __ chambers or sections. They are the left and right atrium (atria) and the left and right ____ventricles__. 4. The three kinds of blood vessels are ___arteries___, __capillaries __veins___ 5. The _platelets__ cause the blood to thicken and clot. 6. _Arteries__ are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. 7. _Veins___ are the blood vessels that carry blood to the heart. Essay questions: Explain the difference between red blood cells and white blood cells. Explain the differnce between the function of the left and right side of the heart. Respiratory System 8. Air first enters your body through the __nose / mouth____. 9. The __respiratory_____ system brings air into the human body. 10. The trachea branches into two tubes called _bronchial___ ___tubes_____ that go to the lungs. 11. Carbon dioxide leaves our body through the ___lungs_______. __, and

12. What are 3 main functions of your nose and nostrils. 1. _____warm air_____________________________________ 2. ____clean air_______________________________________ 3. ____moisten air_______________________________________________ 13. Your _cells___ use oxygen to break down sugar that results in the release of ___energy______. 14. The diaphragm _contracts ____ and _relaxes ____ to bring air into the lungs. 15. Show the path that oxygen takes through the respiratory system. (use the following words: trachea, lungs, alveoli, nose / nostrils, bronchial tubes) ___nose/mouth, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs, alveoli _____

_____________________________________________________________________ 16. What would cause an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled from the body? ___An increase in activity (running, etc. )______ 17. How do carbon dioxide and other wastes get into your blood. 1. ___Released by body cells____________ 2. ___Move through capillary walls_______________________________ 3. ___Enter blood_______________________________________ Excretory / Urinary System 18. What system removes waste products from the body? __Excretory System____ 19. What does your body need to help it get rid of wastes? __water____ 20. The _kidneys___ clean and filter the liquid waste from the blood.

21. The _lungs___ remove carbon dioxide and water vapor when you exhale. 22. The _kidneys__ remove salt, water, and wastes from the blood and sends it to the blodder as urine. 23. The _urinary__ _bladder__ is a flexible bag that holds urine until it is released form the body. 24. __Urine_____ leaves the body through the urethra. Essay questions Describe how the excretory / urinary system is like the exhaust system of a car. Explain why the skin can be considered a part of the excretory/urinary system. Digestive System 25. The digestive system _breaks_ down __food ____. 26. Name the main organs of the digestive system. _mouth / tongue / teeth____ ___esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine , _ rectum _____________________________________________ 27. The ___ esophagus_______ has muscles that push food to the stomach. 28. The _ large __ __ intestine __ absorbs excess water from wastes. 29. Muscles in the __ stomach_________ contract and relax to mash food. 30. The ___ small ______ _ intestine____ absorbs nutrients. 31. The ___ teeth __________ cut and tear food into small pieces. 32. The ____ tongue__________ moves food to the back of the mouth. Essay questions: Explain how the digestive and excretory/urinary system works together.

Essay questions: Be able to explain how the urinary and circulatory system works together. Be able to explain how the cirulatory system and respiratory system works together.