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Climate

Change and Public Health


Whats it all about?


Climate Change means a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.
Article 1 of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Ondoy and Pepeng (2009)


US$4.3 Billion or PhP 207 B (2.7% of GDP) in damages to crops, property and infrastructure (WB)

US$2.34 Billion to enterprise Sector US$849.3 million losses by farmers US$730.4 million losses by housing sector 9.3 million people aected 956 deaths from oods and landslides 249 deaths from diseases such as Leptospirosis (NDCC) 86 missing US$4.42 billion needed for RPs recovery over 3 years

Philippines change in Mean Temperature

OBS A1B A2

MEAN TEMPERATURE PERIOD A1B A2 2020 28.4 28.1 2050 29.4 29.1 2100 30.5 30.8 BASELINE 27.40

Source: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical & Astronomical Services Administration

Philippines Projected Rainfall Pattern

Summer
With data from: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical & Astronomical Services Administration

Projected Impacts of Climate Change


0C Food Global temperature change (relative to pre-industrial) 1C 2C 3C 4C
Falling crop yields in many areas, particularly developing regions
Possible rising yields in some high latitude regions Falling yields in many developed regions

5C

Water

Small mountain glaciers disappear water supplies threatened in several areas

Significant decreases in water availability in many areas, including Mediterranean and Southern Africa

Sea level rise threatens major cities

Ecosystems
Extensive Damage to Coral Reefs

Rising number of species face extinction

Extreme Weather Events

Rising intensity of storms, forest fires, droughts, flooding and heat waves

Risk of Abrupt and Major Irreversible Changes

Increasing risk of dangerous feedbacks and abrupt, large-scale shifts in the climate system
6

Source: Adapted from the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change

Greenhouse Gas Sources in the Philippines


(105,111.37 Gg CO2e)

(11,599.07 Gg CO2e)

TOTAL: 21,767.41 Gg CO2 e


Source: 2000 Philippine GHG Inventory
IllustraTon by klima - MO

55%

(69,667.24 Gg CO2e)

(37, 002.69 Gg CO2e)

29%

7%

(8,609.78 Gg CO2e)

Why is Philippines vulnerable to Climate Change?

Visited by average of 20 typhoons every year

Projected Impacts on Health


Fourth Assessment Report(AR4) IPCC 2007 Increases in climate extremes (e.g., storms, oods, cyclones, droughts) associated with climate change would cause deaths and injuries Adverse eects on food producTon, freshwater availability and quality, and would increase the risks of infecTous disease, parTcularly in low-income countries.

Projected Impacts on Health


LimitaQons in Assessments of PotenQal Future CC Health Eects (AR4) Diculty in idenTfying climate-related thresholds for populaTon health Limited understanding of the extent, rate, limiTng forces and major drivers of adaptaTon of human populaTons to a changing climate

Projected Impacts on Health


CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS Increased frequency and intensity of hydrometeorological hazards oods, droughts, typhoons, heat waves Altered agricultural and coastal marine ecosystems Reduced water availability and quality HEALTH RISKS Mortality, morbidity, injuries, heat stress/exhausTon, psychosocial problems Increased environment-related diseases, malnutriTon and consequent illnesses Increased incidence of water-borne illnesses (cholera, typhoid fever, and other diarrheal illnesses), Epidemics Increased cases of malaria, dengue and other vector-borne illnesses, Epidemics
Data from DOH - Dr. Magturos PPT Presenta6on

Increased incidence of climate- sensiTve infecTous diseases

Malaria

Elephantiasis

Dengue

Leptospirosis

Two approaches to address Climate Change Mitigation Adaptation

Conceptual Linkages of Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management (CCA-DRM)
Climate Change Adaptation: Reduce vulnerability to: Disaster Risk Management Reduce vulnerability to:

Gradual changes in climatic parameters

Extreme weather events with increased frequency and severity

Climate- and weather-related hazards

Geophysical hazards

Ecological hazards

Sea level rise

Rising mean temperature

Changes in precipitation patterns

Direct connection

Potential connections
Exploit connections using co-benefit strategies

Top-down / National govt policies.

Bottom-up / Community-based

(SOURCE: Castillo, Charlotte Kendra G, 2007)

Office of the President of the Philippines


Malacaang

Climate Change Commission

National Framewor k Strategy on Climate Change 2010-2022

National Framework Strat egy on Climate Chan

ge 2010-2022

Republic Act No. 9729 The Climate Change Act of 2009


Mainstreaming climate change into government policy formulaTons Establishing the Framework Strategy and AcTon Plan on Climate Change CreaTng the Climate Change Commission, the lead policy making body on climate change, and the NaQonal Panel of Technical Experts

NaQonal Framework Strategy on Climate Change


Office of the President of the Philippines
Malacaang

Climate Change Commission

National Framework Strategy on Climate Change 2010-2022

National Framework Strategy on Climate Change 2010-2022

Countrys roadmap towards climate change miTgaTon and adaptaTon, with emphasis on disaster risk reducTon One of the adaptaTon pillars focuses on Climate-Responsive Health Sector with the prioriTes: Vulnerability Assessment of the Health Sector Improvement of climate-sensiTvity of public health systems and service delivery mechanisms Establishment of mechanisms to idenTfy, monitor and control climate-sensiTve diseases and improve surveillance and emergency

NaQonal Climate Change AcQon Plan


Outlines the agenda for adaptaTon and miTgaTon for 2011 to 2028 Aims to address urgent and immediate needs and concerns of the country relaTng to the dangerous consequences of climate change to vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, water resources, ecosystems, humans and infrastructure services Responding to the Presidents Social Contract Keeping the Promise

Intermediate Outcomes
Ecological and Environmental Stability

Human Security

Climate-Smart Industries and Services

Water Suciency Food Security

Sustainable Energy
Knowledge and Capacity Development

Enhanced adapTve capacity of communiTes, resilience of natural ecosystems, and sustainability of built environment to climate change.

Successful transiTon towards climate-smart development.

UlTmate Outcomes

Human Security
Reduced risks of of men and women and other vulnerable groups (children, elderly and persons with disability) from climate and disasters.
3. CC adaptive human settlements and services developed, promoted and adopted.

IMMEDIATE OUTCOME

1. CCA and DRR practiced by communities and sectors at all levels.

2. Health and social sector delivery system are responsive to climate change.

OUTPUTS

1.1. CCA-DRRM integrated in local plans

1.2. Knowledge and capacity for CCA-DRRM developed and enhanced

2.1. Health personnel and communities capacity on CC health adaptation and risk reduction developed

2.2. Public health surveillance system developed and implemented in all provinces

2.3. Health emergency response, preparedness and post-disaster management implemented at the national and local level

3.1. Adaptive and secured settlement areas for vulnerable communities and climate-refugees

3.2. Population congestion and exposure to CC risks reduced

1.1.1. Conduct provincial-level vulnerability and risk assessments 1.1.2. Mainstream and implement CCA-DRRM in the local plans based on information from the vulnerability and risk assessment.

1.2.1. Develop and implement knowledge management on CC and disaster risks 1.2.2. Increase local and community capacities for CCA-DRRM .

ACTIVITIES

2.1.1. Integrate CC and DRR in the training of health personnel and community workers,

2.2.1. Implement communitybased public health surveillance system for CCsensitive diseases.

2.3.1. Improve system for health emergency preparedness and response for climate and disaster risks 2.3.2. Improve system for postdisaster health management.

3.1.1. Develop a long term plan for adaptation of highly CC vulnerable population and climate refugees .

3.2.1. Extensive IEC program on CC risks and population management .

NCCAP Anchor Program HUMAN SECURITY Building the adapQve capacity of communiQes through insQtuQonalizaQon of CCA-DRR into NaQonal and Local Development Planning

Flooding in Mindanao due to Typhoon Sendong (Washi), December 17, 2011

NCCAP : ImplementaQon at the Local Level

Objective : To build adaptive capacities of " communities and ecosystems"

Eco-town Components
5 Climate Financing Schemes 4 Adaptation Sustainable Adaptation Support 3 nancing to Measures Service implement ENR Accounting 2 Develop menu of adaptaTon/ Interim compensaTon for engaging Vulnerability Determine h ow v ulnerable t he d ierent Monetary value f goods aanagement nd opTons n o adaptaTon miTgaTon in so ustainable m of 1 Assessment sectors i n r elaTon t o t he i mpacts o f c limate services the ecosystems and m iTgaion based measures resources/use oo f n ecosystem Natural Resource change provide the results of the N RA, P ES, PPP, Cost services Socio-ecological proling Assessment S ectors i nclude s ocio-economic, Determine t he contribuTon VA a nd ENRA sharing L ivelihood and capacity Determine the n atural resources and building agriculture, c oastal a nd m arine, of the ecosystems to local and health ecosystems economy IdenTfy management regimes Renewable energy potenTal
CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION

LCCAP

Enhancement Water Security of Carbon Food Security Stocks Renewable Energy from: f eteorological GeneQc Resources M Enhancement Hydro Hydro o Green Industries and Eco-tourism miQgaQon Solar & Wind

CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION

VA

Siargao Islands Results: VulnerabiliTes and PotenTal Impacts of CC on Health

IdenTed that the 5 climate related diseases in the site are Dengue, Malaria, Cholera, Typhoid and Schistosomiasis San Isidro ranked 1 in terms of vulnerability to its readiness to respond given the present health system that they have. Increase of 5% to 10% incidence over Tme with 2030 and 2050 projecTon s

APPROACH Technological

ADAPTATION OPTIONS FOR HEALTH Crop agricultural breakthrough as to crop propagaTon and modelling as well as varieTes will add to armamentarium for health response and resilience as it will aid in increasing adapTve capaciTes Conduct integrated socio-economic cross studies and results from the resource mapping and projecTon of these into the future programs Local chief execuTves to look at their health plans and allocate resources for these IntervenTon responses as to physical and social infrastructure Explore health nancing mechanisms Develop transportaTon and communicaTon responses considering geophysical locaTon of Siargao and its island communiTes Diversify source of household income

Government Programs and Insurance

Financial

Local Climate Change AcQon Plan


Integration of CCA-DRR in Local Development Plans

RA 10174: Amendments to CC Act and The Peoples Survival Fund


A domestic rewards fund aimed at addressing urgent adaptation needs To finance adaptation programs and projects that are directly supportive of the objectives enumerated in the Climate Change Action Plans of local government units and communities Members of the Fund Board Department of Finance Department of Budget and Management National Economic and Development Authority Climate Change Commission

Sources of the PSF managed by the Fund Board Php 1,000,000,000 from the National Budget Augmented by donations, endowments, grants, contribution

ExecuQve Order No. 43 Pursuing our Social Contract with the Filipino People through the Reorganiza7on of the Cabinet Clusters
Transparent, accountable and parTcipatory governance Poverty reducTon and empowerment of the poor and vulnerable Rapid, inclusive and sustained economic growth Just and lasTng peace and the rule of law Integrity of the environment and climate change adaptaTon and miTgaTon

AdopTng climate change adaptaTon and miTgaTon measures by local government units and their respecTve communiTes, naTonal government agencies, and the general public; and ensure that these are incorporated in their annual work plans and budgets, where applicable.

Ensuring the uTlizaTon of natural resources for the equal benet of the present and future generaTons

FormulaTng alternaTve and inclusive urban development plans, which ensure that people of varying income levels are integrated in producTve, healthy and safe communiTes Undertaking all other measures necessary to prepare for and manage risks and/or threats associated with natural and man-made phenomena such as, but not limited to, typhoons, earthquakes, tsunami, oods, landslides, civil disturbance and terrorism

CABINET CLUSTER ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION MEMBER AGENCIES Chair DENR Secretary Members Chair, HUDCC Secretary. DOST Secretary. DILG Secretary, DPWH Secretary, DSWD Secretary, Agriculture Secretary, DAR Secretary, DOE Secretary, NEDA Secretary, DND Chair, MMDA Executive Secretary Secretary, PMS Secretary, PCDSPO Presidentiall Legislative Liaison Office Secretariat - CCC

Survey on Climate Change


First Quarter 2013 Social Weather Report Results Majority of the respondents moderately experienced climate change impacts. NCR respondents admit being severely aected by CC. 50 % said that climate change causes Increased incidence of illnesses. 24% menToned planQng trees as a response to prepare for or minimize the eects of climate change. 37% parQcipated in at least one eort to reduce climate risks, majority are in Mindanao. However, 63% admiqed that they did not do anything.

It is not the strongest of the species that survives nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is most adaptable to change.

Sir Charles Darwin

Video

Thank You!
CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION
2U Little Presidents Learning Palace, Malacanang Palace Complex, San Miguel, Manila, Philippines Telefax: (+632) 7353144 * 7353069 www.climate.gov.ph Email: info@climate.gov.ph

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