H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 1
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells
Executive Summary
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 2
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This work is motivated by the need for a decline type curve for the case of a well with a finite conductivity vertical fracture in a bounded reservoir.
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Using "desuperposition," we have created a solution to represent the flow behavior of a well with a finite conductivity vertical fracture in a bounded circular reservoir:
pCMD,inf ( x D 1 1, y D = 0, u ) = 2
u ) + K 0 ( x D + x' u )dx'
C fD
xD
x'
sC fD
+ sfq fD ( x D , s)
z Desuperposition Solution:
Developed to provide a convenient mechanism to correlate performance. Validated as very accurate approximation. Recognize that other solutions are available, again this solution was used due
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Comparison against numerical simulation (various "penetration" cases). "Desuperposition" model is consistent throughout range of data. Should be considered accurate enough for analytical developments.
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a. qg and pwf vs production time Example 1 (East Texas "tight gas" case).
b. pp/qg vs material balance time (ta,bar) Example 1 (East Texas "tight gas" case).
z Example 1: East Texas Gas Well Good record of production history: Data editing used to filter poor or
"extra-transient" data. Type Curve Match: (FcD=5)
c. Example 1 Data match on "Fetkovich-McCray" format type curve (FcD=5).
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SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells
Outline of Presentation
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 8
Presentation Outline
z Executive Summary z Objectives and Rationale Need for a suite of decline type curves for the case of a well with a finite conductivity vertical fracture. z Desuperposition Solution Proposal and validation of the solution. z Development of the Decline Type Curves z Type Curve Suite Various cases Library of decline type curves. z Validation Field Examples Example 1 East Texas (tight gas). Example 2 East Texas (tight gas). z Summary
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 9
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells
the case of a well with a finite-conductivity vertical fracture (previous efforts were numerical and did not consider auxiliary data functions). Provide a systematic procedure for analysis based on multiple data plots ultimately culminating in the "summary plot" the decline type curve. Provide illustrative applications of the new type curves using field data.
McCray" format) for the case of a well with a finite-conductivity vertical fracture is missing from the literature. The motivation for this work is based on the observation that many cases can not be resolved with the existing infinite-conductivity fracture model (presented in 1996).
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 11
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells
Desuperposition Solution
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 12
duced at a constant flowrate (we will deal with the variable-rate issue as part of the data analysis). Closed outer boundary (used a circle for simplicity).
well with a finite-conductivity vertical fracture (Cinco-Meng). Add this solution to the boundary-dominated flow relation for a well with an infinite-conductivity vertical fracture (Ozkan-Raghavan).
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The schematic model for the case of a well with a finite conductivity vertical fracture in a bounded reservoir is:
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Using "desuperposition," we have created a solution to represent the flow behavior of a well with a finite conductivity vertical fracture in a bounded circular reservoir:
pCMD,inf ( x D 1 1, y D = 0, u ) = 2
u ) + K 0 ( x D + x' u )dx'
C fD
xD
x'
sC fD
+ sfq fD ( x D , s)
z Desuperposition Solution:
Developed to provide a convenient mechanism to correlate performance. Validated as very accurate approximation. Recognize that other solutions are available, again this solution was used due
Slide 15
Desuperposition Validation
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Desuperposition (FcD=2)
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Comparison against numerical simulation (various "penetration" cases). "Desuperposition" model is consistent throughout range of data. Should be considered accurate enough for analytical developments.
Slide 17
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells
Development of the Decline Type Curves
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 18
Development of the Decline Type Curves z Decline Type Curve Variables z Correlation of the bDpss parameter:
Definition of tDd and qDd Auxiliary functions (qDdi, qDdid, NpDd and tDd ) Use the desuperposition solution to establish the
bDpss parameter for each case (considers fully developed pseudosteady-state flow behavior). Development of a correlating relation.
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t Dd =
2 bDpss
t DA
qDd = qD bDpss
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q Dd ( ) d
tDd 0
tDd
q Dd ( ) d
z Dimensionless Material Balance Time: tDd tDd NpDd 1 tDd = qDd ( ) d = qDd 0 qDd
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pD , pss (t DA ) = bDpss + 2t DA
bDpss is defined by combination of the pseudosteadystate relation and the new desuperposition solution:
bDpss = pD ,ds - 2t DA
A single value of bDpss (at pseudosteady-state) is established (for a given reD value) by plotting the bDpss parameter versus tDA for a single reD case and selecting the asymptotic (or constant) value which occurs during fully developed pseudosteady-state flow behavior.
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 22
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Note asymptotic behavior as tDA grows large (i.e., pseudosteady-state flow). Obtain a database of bDpssreD pairs for a particular FcD value.
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Similarity of bDpss vs. reD indicates consistency in bDpss definition. Correlation is more than sufficient for analytical and practical applications.
Slide 25
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Library of Decline Type Curves
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 26
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Slide 34
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Examples
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 35
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c. pp/qg vs. ta,bar: (edit plot) Example 1 (East Texas Gas Well).
z Example 1:
Good production history. Good trend of pp/qg vs. Gp
(initial estimate for G) Good data edit and data plots. Type curve match is excellent confirms reservoir model and yields extraordinary match for all data functions (this is likely due to the high-quality, high frequency pressure data). d. pp/qg vs. ta,bar: (data plot) Example 1 (East Texas Gas Well). e. Data match on type curve (FcD=5). Example 1 (East Texas Gas Well).
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c. pp/qg vs. ta,bar: (edit plot) Example 2 (East Texas Gas Well).
z Example 2:
Very consistent production
history. Acceptable trend of pp/qg vs. Gp (initial estimate for G) Good data edit and data plots. Type curve match (FcD=2) is very good to excellent. Reservoir model is confirmed, and the characteristic behavior of a finite conductivity vertical fracture is observed.
d. pp/qg vs. ta,bar: (data plot) Example 2 (East Texas Gas Well).
e. Data match on type curve (FcD=2). Example 2 (East Texas Gas Well).
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Slide 39
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells
Summary
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 40
Summary:
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z We have successfully constructed, validated, and applied a new set of unified decline type curve solutions for the behavior of a well with a finite conductivity vertical fracture producing from a closed homogeneous reservoir. z The decline type curves developed in this work can be applied to analyze and interpret production data from a fractured well, and are used to estimate the following parameters:
Formation permeability, Fracture half-length, Fracture conductivity, Volume of in-place fluids, and Reservoir drainage area.
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Summary:
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z The proposed method is error tolerant and generally robust and should be the preferred method of analysis/interpretation for production data acquired from low permeability gas reservoirs. z As always, we encourage vigilance in the acquisition of production data particularly wellbore pressures as a function of time.
Slide 42
SPE 84287
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells
End of Presentation
H. Pratikno, ConocoPhillips (Indonesia) J. A. Rushing, Anadarko Petroleum Corp. T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U.
Contact: Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116 (979) 845-2292 t-blasingame@tamu.edu
Decline Curve Analysis Using Type Curves Fractured Wells Slide 43