Section A Bahagian A [60 marks] [60 markah] Answer all questions in this section Jawab semua soalan dalam

bahagian ini 1. Diagram 1(a) showing an industrial preparation of sulphuric acid Rajah 1(a) menunjukkan penghasilan asid sulfurik secara industri I II III IV

Diagram 1(a) Rajah 1(a) a) i) State the name of compound X and Y Nyatakan nama sebatian X dan Y __________________________________________________________________ ii) [2mark] Write a chemical equation of the reaction between sulphuric acid, H2SO4 and compound Y Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindakbalas di antara asid sulfurik, H2SO4 dengan sebatian Y __________________________________________________________________ [1marks] iii ) State one use of ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4, in daily life Nyatakan satu kegunaan ammonium sulfat, (NH4)2SO4, dalam kehidupan seharian. __________________________________________________________________ [1mark] b ) Diagram shows the apparatus set up for preparing of soap. Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi penyediaan sabun

i)

Name the process of manufacturing soap. Namakan proses pembuatan sabun __________________________________________________________________ [1mark] What is the function of sodium chloride, NaCl in manufacturing soap. Apakah fungsi natrium klorida, NaCl dalam pembuatan sabun ? __________________________________________________________________ [1mark]

ii)

iii )

Draw and name the anion of soap Lukis dan namakan anion sabun [2 marks]

2. Table 2 shows the nucleon numbers, proton numbers and electron arrangements of a few elements. Jadual 2 menunjukkan nombor nukleon, nombor proton dan susunan elektron bagi beberapa unsur. Element Elemen P Q R S T U Nucleon nuber No.Nukleon 7 9 10 12 16 18 Proton number No. Proton 3 4 5 8 9 Electron arrangement Susunan elektron 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

a)

What is the proton number of element S ?

Apakah nombor proton bagi unsur S ? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] How can Q achieve a stable duplet or octet electron arrangement during a chemical reaction ? Bagaimana Q mencapai susunan elektron stabil duplet atau oktet semasa tindakbalas kimia.?

b )

i)

__________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in (b)(i) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindakbalas di (b)(i) __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] Can P react with U to form an ionic compound ? Explain. Bolehkah P bertindakbalas dengan U membentuk sebatian ion ? Terangkan __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [3marks] Explain the position of U in periodic table of elements. Terangkan kedudukan U dalam jadual berkala unsur. __________________________________________________________________ [2marks] What is the number of electron in ion R+3 ? Berapakah bilangan elektron dalam ion R+3 ? __________________________________________________________________ [1mark] What type of bond is formed when atom S combines with T ? Apakah jenis ikatan yang terbentuk apabila atom S bergabung dengan atom T ?

c)

d )

e)

f)

i)

__________________________________________________________________ [1mark] ii) Give the molecular formula for the compound formed in (e)(i) Berikan formula molekul untuk sebatian yang terbentuk di (e)(i). __________________________________________________________________ [1mark]

3. Diagram 3 shows the electrolysis of molten potassium iodide and dilute potassium iodide solution using carbon electrodes in electrolytic cell X and Y. Rajah 3 menunjukkan elektrolisis bagi leburan dan larutan kalium iodide cair dengan menggunakan elektrod karbon dalam sel elektrolisis X dan Y.

K Molten Potassium iodide

N Potassium iodide solution

Cell X / Sel X

Cell Y / Sell Y

a)

Name the cathodes for both the electrolytic in diagram Namakan katod bagi kedua-dua sel elektrolitik dalam rajah __________________________________________________________________ [1mark]

b )

Explain why molten potassium iodide is used and not solid potassium iodide Jelaskan mengapa kalium iodida lebur digunakan dan bukannya kalium iodida pepejal. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [2marks]

c)

What are the ions present in electrolyte of cell Y ? Apakah ion-ion yang hadir dalam elektrolit Y ? __________________________________________________________________ [1mark]

d )

What are the ions discharged at the cathodes for both electrolytic cell X and Y Apakah ion-ion yang dinyahcaskan pada katod bagi kedua-dua sel elektrolitik X dan Y. __________________________________________________________________ [2marks]

e)

Are the products at anode of both cell the same ? Explain. Adakah produk pada anod bagi kedua-dua sel adalah sama ? Jelaskan. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [2marks]

f)

Write half equations for reactions at K, L, M, and N. Tuliskan persamaan setengah bagi tindakbalas pada K,L,M dan N. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [2marks]

4. Hydrocarbon P contains 80.0% carbon and 20.0 % hydrogen . Relative molecular mass of hydrocarbon P is 30 [RAM: H;1, C;12, O;16, 1 mol gas occupies a volume of 24dm3 at room temperature] Hidrokarbon P mengandungi 80.0% karbon dan 20.0% hydrogen. Jisim molekul relative hidrokarbon P ialah 30. [JAR; H;1, C;12, O;16 , 1 mol gas menempati isipadu 24dm3 pada suhu bilik ] a) Determined the empirical formula of hydrocarbon P Tentukan formula empiric untuk hidrokarbon P

[3marks] b ) Determine the molecular formula of hydrocarbon P Tentukan formula molekul bagi hidrokarbon P

c )

[2marks] The combustion of hydrocarbon P in air produces carbon dioxide and water. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Pembakaran hidrokarbon P dalam udara menghasilkan karbon dioksida dan air. Tulis persamaan kimia seimbang untuk tindakbalas ini. __________________________________________________________________ [2marks]

d )

If 3.52g of hydrocarbon P is burnt, calculate Jika 3.52g hidrokarbon P dibakar, hitung i) The mass of water form Jisim air yang terbentuk

[2mark] ii ) The volume of carbon dioxide produce at room temperature Isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang terbentuk pada suhu bilik

[1mark] 5. Three experiments are conducted to investigate the rate of reactions of 1.0g of magnesium powder under different conditions. Table 5 shows the conditions and time taken to collect 50cm3 of gas released. Tiga eksperimen dijalankan untuk menyiasat kadar tindakbalas 1.0g serbuk magnesium pada keadaan yang berbeza. Jadual 5 menunjukkan keadaan dan masa yang diambil untuk mengumpulkan 50cm3 gas yang terbebas. Experiment Eksperimen I Reactants Bahan tindakbalas 1.0g of magnesium and 50cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid, HCl 1.0g magnesium dan 50cm3 asid hidroklorik 1.0mol/dm3 1.0g of magnesium and 50cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 sulphuric acid, H2SO4 1.0g magnesium dan 50cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 H2SO4 1.0g of magnesium and 50cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid, HCl and 5 drops of CuSO4 solution 1.0g magnesium dan 50cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 HCl dan 5 titik larutan CuSO4 Table 5 Jadual 5 a) Write an ionic equation to represent the reactionin all three experiments. Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi mewakili tindakbalas dalam ketiga-tiga eksperimen __________________________________________________________________ [1mark] Times/s Masa/s 60

II

30

III

40

b )

Calculate the average rate of reaction for experiment I, II and III Hitungkan kadar tindakbalas purata bagi eksperimen I, II, dan III

c)

[3marks] Explain why the time taken in experiment II is shorter than that in experiment III. Terangkan mengapa masa yang diambil dalam eksperimen II lebih singkat berbanding eksperimen III. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [1mark] What is the role of copper(II) sulphate in experiment II ? Apakah peranan kuprum(II) sulfat dalam eksperimen II ? __________________________________________________________________ [1mark] ii) Explain the role of copper(II) sulphate in terms of the collision theory. Terangkan peranan kuprum(II) sulfat berdasarkan teori perlanggaran. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [2marks]

d )

i)

e)

Sketch a graph of rate of reaction against time for experiment I, II and III on the same axes. Lakarkan graf kadar tindakbalas melawan masa untuk eksperimen I, II dan III pada paksi yang sama.

[2marks] f) Suggest one another factor that affected the rate of reaction. Cadangkan faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kadar tindakbalas. __________________________________________________________________ [1mark]

6. An experiment was carried out to determine the heat of fermentation for the reaction between 25.0cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 potassium sulphate solution and 25.0cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 barium nitrate solution. Suatu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan haba pemendakan bagi tindakbalas di antara 25.0cm3 larutan kalium sulfat 1.0 mol/dm3 dan 25.0cm3 larutan barium nitrate 1.0 mol/dm3

Stir/kacau Potassium sulphate solution Lartutan kalium sulfat

Barium nitrate solution Larutan barium nitrat

Polysterene cup Cawan polistirena

a)

Initial temperature - 27.5oC Max. temperature 31.0oC What is the meaning of heat of precipitation ? Suhu awal 27.5 oC Suhu maksimum 31.0oC Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan haba pemendakan ?

_________________________________________________________________ _ [1mark] b) i) Calculate the heat of precipitation in the experiment Hitungkan haba pemendakan dalam eksperimen tersebut. [Muatan haba tentu air, 4.2 Jg-1 oC-1]

[3marks] ii) Draw an energy level diagram for the reaction. Lukiskan gambarajah aras tenaga bagi tindakbalas di atas.

iii)

[2marks] State two information that can be deduced from the energy level diagram above. Nyatakan dua maklumat yang dapat dirumuskan daripada gambarajah aras tenaga di atas. _________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________ _ [2marks] Write the chemical equation for the reaction Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindakbalas yang berlaku _________________________________________________________________ _ [2marks]

c)

SECTION B Bahagian B [20 marks] [20 markah] Answer any one question from this section Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini 7a) i) What is meant by melting point and freezing point of substances? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan takat lebur dan takat beku suatu sebatian?

[2 marks]
ii) Table 7 shows the melting point for naphthalene and substance K Jadual 7 menunjukkan takat lebur untuk naftalena dan sebatian K Substance/Bahan Naphtalene/naftelena Bahan K Melting point / takat didih (oC) 80 120oC Table 7 Jadual 7

Based on the information given in Table 7, suggest a method which can be used to determine the melting point of substance K. Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan dalam Jadual 7 , Cadangkan satu kaedah untuk menentukan takat lebur bahan K [6 marks] b) Melting point of naphthalene can be determined in a laboratory experiment by using water bath. Design an experiment to determine the melting point of naphthalene. Takat lebur naftalena dapat ditentukan dalam ekperimen makmal dengan menggunakan kukus air. Rancang satu eksperimen untuk menentukan takat lebur naftalena [12 marks]

8a )

Nitric acid show acidic properties when it dissolves in water but does not show any acidic properties when it dissolves in organic solvent like trichloroethane. Explain why. Asid nitric menunjukkan sifat keasidannya apabilia dilarutkan dalam air tetapi tidak menunjukkan sifat keasidannya apabila dilarutkan kedalam pelarut organic seperti tricholoroethane. Jelaskan mengapa. [4 marks]

b)

Using suitable examples, state three chemical properties of an acid. Dengan menggunakan contoh yang sesuai, nyatakan tiga sifat kimia asid. [6 marks] Describe how a student prepares 500 cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 of standard sodium hydroxide solution in the school laboratory. Your answer should include the procedure and calculation involved in this experiment. [RAM: Na, 23; O, 16; H, 1] Terangkan bagaimana seorang pelajar menyediakan 500 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol/dm3 didalam makmal sekolah. Jawapan anda hendaklah mengandungi kaedah dan pengiraan yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini. [10 marks]

c)

SECTION C Bahagian C [20 marks] [20 markah] Answer any one question from this section Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini 9. Diagram 9 shows how compound Y formed from a carbon compound, C4H8, Rajah 9 menunjukkan bagaimana sebatian Y terbentuk daripada suatu sebatian karbon, C4H8.

C4 H 8

III

Phosphoric acid Asid fosforik 300oC, 60 atm 300oC, 60 atm

Compound J Sebatian J

II

Acidified potassium mangganate(VII) solution Larutan kalium mangganat (VII) berasid

Compound L Sebatian L

Compound K Sebatian K

a)

Compound J , K and L are three homologous series in carbon compounds. Sebatian J, K dan L adalah tiga siri homolog dalam sebatian karbon. i) Write the general formula for compound J and K and hence name compound J and K Tuliskan formula am bagi sebatian J dan K dan namakan sebatian J dan K [4 marks]

ii)

Write the chemical equation for reaction I and II Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindakbalas I dan II [2 marks] Draw two isomers of compound J and name the isomers Lukiskan dua isomer bagi sebatian J dan namakan isomer-isomer tersebut. [4 marks] State three chemical properties of compound J and three chemical properties of compound K Nyatakan tiga sifat kimia sebatian J dan tiga sifat kimia sebatian K. [6 marks] Name the compound L Namakan sebatian L [1mark] Describe how you can convert C4H8 into compound L in reaction III Terangkan bagaimana anda menukarkan C4H8 kepada sebatian L dalam tindakbalas III 3 marks]

iii)

iv)

b)

i) ii)

10. Diagram 10 shows the mechanism of rusting on the surface of an iron rod Diagram 10 menunjukkan mekanisma pengaratan keatas permukaan besi.
Water droplet Titisan air O2 Fe2+ O 2 O 2 Iron rod Batang besi

Rust karat

a)

i)

State the required substances for iron to rust Nyatakan bahan-bahan yang diperlukan untuk pengaratan. [1mark] Based on the diagram 10, explain the rusting mechanism of an iron rod. Your explanation must include the chemical equations involved. Berdasarkan diagram 10,terangkan mekanisme pengaratan besi. Penerangan anda mestilah termasuk persamaan kimia yang terlibat. [7marks]

ii)

b)

When iron is in contact with a more electropositive metal, rusting is prevented. On the other hand, if iron is in contact with a less electropositive metal,the rusting of iron is speeded up. Apabila besi bersentuhan dengan logam yang lebih elektropositif, pengaratan dapat

dihalang. Selain daripada itu, jika besi bersentuhan dengan logam yang kurang elektropositif, pengaratan dapat dipercepatkan.

i)

Based on the above information, name one metal that is more electropositive than iron and one metal that is less electropositive than iron. Berdasarkan maklumat di atas, namakan satu logam yang lebih elektropositif daripada besi dan satu logam yang kurang elektropositif daripada besi [2marks] Design an experiment to prove that the above information is true. Your experiment must include the material used, apparatus involved, procedure and conclusion. Rancang satu eksperimen untuk membuktikan maklumat di atas adalah benar. Eksperimen anda mestilah mengandungi bahan yang digunakan, peralatan yang terlibat, kaedah dan kesimpulan [10marks]

ii)