Homework 3

11. Suppose
S pp s we have
h
two
t
four-point
f
p int sequences
s
n s x[n] and
nd
h[n] as follows:

x[n] = cos(n / 2),

)
h[n] = 2 n ,

n = 0,1,2,3

n = 0,1,2,3

(a) Calculate the four-point DFT X[k].

(b) Calculate the four-point
four point DFT H[k].
H[k]
(c) Calculate y[n] = x[n] 4 y[n] by doing the circular
convolution directly.
directly
(d) Calculate y[n] in part (c) by multiplying the DFTs of
x[n] and h[n] and performing an inverse DFT.
DFT

Homework 3

Solution:
3
j ( 2 / 4 ) kn
The formula of four-point DFT X [k ] = x[n]e
.
n =0
(a) Substitute x[n] to the formula
formula, then
X[0] = 1+0+(-1)+0 = 0,
X[1]
[ ] = 1+(-j)+1+j
( j)
j = 2,,
X[2] = 1+0+(-1)+0 = 0,
X[3] = 1+0+1+0 = 2.
(b) Substitute h[n] to the formula, then
H[0] = 1+2+4+8 = 15,
H[1] = 1+(
1+(-2j)+(-4)+8j
2j)+( 4)+8j = -3+6j,
3+6j
H[2] = 1+(-2)+4+(-8) = -5,
H[3]
[ ] = 1+2j+(-4)+(-8j)
j ( ) ( j) = -3-6j.
j

Homework 3

Solution (cont.):
3
(c) y[n] = x[n] 4 h[n] = x[m]h[((n m)) 4 ] .
m=0
y[0] = 11+08+(
11+08+(-1)
1) 4+02 = -3.
3
y[1] = 12+01+(-1)8+04 = -6.
y[2]] = 14+02+(-1)1+08
y[
( )
= 3.
y[3] = 18+04+(-1)2+01 = 6.
(d) Y[k] = X[k]H[k].
Y[0] = 0, Y[1] = -6+12j, Y[2] = 0, Y[3] = -6-12j.
1 3
The formula of of four-point IDFT y[n] = Y [k ]e j ( 2 / 4) kn.
N k =0
y[0] = (0+(
(0+(-6+12j)+0+(-6-12j))
6+12j)+0+( 6 12j)) = -3.
3
y[1] = (0+(-6j-12)+0+(6j-12)) = -6.
y[2]] = (0+(6-12j)+0+(6+12j))
y[
( (
j)
(
j)) = 3.
y[3] = (0+(6j+12)+0+(-6j+12)) = 6.

Homework 3
2. Suppose
2
S pp s that
th t a computer
mp t program
p
m is available
il bl f
for
computing the DFT

N 1

X [k ] = x[n]e j ( 2 / N ) kn ,

k = 0,1,..., N 1

n =0

i.e., the input to the program is the sequence x[n] and

the output is the DFT X[k].
X[k] Show how the input and/or
output sequences may be rearranged such that the
program
p
g
can also be used to compute
p
the inverse DFT

1
x[n] =
N

N 1

j ( 2 / N ) kn
X
[
k
]
e
,

k =0

n = 0,1,..., N 1

Homework 3

Solution:
S
l ti
Given a X[k], k = 0,1,,N-1.
We then obtain a Y[k] as the rearrange of X[k] as follows:
Y[0] = X[0],
Y[k] = X[N-k], k = 1,2,,N-1.
Taking Y[k] as input of the program, we then obtain
N 1

y[n] = Y [k ]e

j ( 2 / N ) nk

k =0

N 1

= X [0] + X [m]e

N 1

= X [0] + X [ N k ]e j ( 2 / N ) nk
k =1

j ( 2 / N ) n ( N m )

m =1

N 1

= X [0] + X [m]e j ( 2 / N ) nm e j 2n
m =1

N 1

= X [m]e j ( 2 / N ) nm .
m =0

Therefore, The IDFT of X[k] can be obtained x[n] =

1
y[n] .
N

Homework 3
3. Consider
3
C nsid th
the ssystems
st ms sh
shown
n in th
the f
following
ll in fi
figure.
Suppose that H1(ejw) is fixed and known. Find H2(ejw), the
frequency response of an LTI system
system, such that y2[n] =
y1[n] if the inputs to the systems are the same.

x[n]

x[n]
[ ]

H1(ejw)

H2(e
( jw)

y2[n]
[ ]

y1[n]

Homework 3

Solution:
S
l ti
We can analyze the system in the frequency domain:

X(ejw)

2j )
X(e
( 2jw

H1(ejw)

2j ) H (e
j )
jw
X(e
( 2jw
1(

Y1(ejw) is X(e2jw) H1(ejw) downsampled by 2:

Y1(ejw) = {X(e2jw/2)H1(ejw/2)+X(e2j(w-2)/2)H1(ej(w-2)/2)}
j(w 2))H (e
j(w/2 ))}
j(w/2-)
= {X(
{X(ejw)H1(e
( jw/2)+X(e
)+X( j(w-2)
1(
= {H1(ejw/2)+H1(ej(w/2-))}X(ejw)
= H2(ejw)X(ejw)
Therefore, H2(ejw) = {H1(ejw/2)+H1(ej(w/2-))}.

Y1(ejw)