TRANSPORT P

ROCESS
CLD 20402

MDM AIZA SYUHANIZ SALLEH

LEC ROOM 3 EXT: 2023 EMAIL: aiza@micet.unikl.edu.my

1.0 1.0 Introduction Introduction to to H H eat eat Transfer Transfer

Application o
f Heat Transfer in Industry

What is HE@T?
Heat

Heat transfer (or heat)

is the form of energy that can be transferr ed from one system to another as a result of tempera ture difference. The science that deals with the determination of the rates of energy transfers is heat transfer. Whenever there exists a temperature difference i n a medium or between media, heat transfer must o ccur. The larger the temperature gradient, the higher the rate of heat transfer.

Heat (energy) always move from war mer substance to cooler substance

HOT

COLD

Heat will continue to move until both su bstances are the same temperature.

HOT

HOT

 To study the rate of

he

at being transferred Why Why to to st st udy udy heat heat tran tran sfer? sfer?
or How long the process t akes place to transfer such amount of heat from one e q. state to another as a res ult of temperature differen ce.

Differences between..
Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer

Only an amount of e nergy(heat) Makes no references to how long the proce ss will take Deals with systems i n equilibrium

Rate of heat transfer The times of cooling & heating

Applications of Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer Equipments

Heat Exchanger Boiler Condenser Radiator Heater Furnace Solar collectors

Engineering in Heat Transfer

HT can be studied experimentally or analytically

Experiment actual physical system but expensive, time consumi ng, impractical Analytical numerical approach, fast & inexpensive, results sub ject to accuracy of the assumption

Heat

Total energy,E - sum of all energies Internal Energy,u - energy at molecular str ucture Sensible heat - internal energy of a system associated with kinetic energy of molec ules Latent heat - internal energy associated wit h phase of the system

= >T and heat???

Specific heats of liquids, gases a nd solids

Specific heat

- The energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a subs tance by 1 degree

Specific heat: Cv and Cp

Cv- The energy required to raise the temperature of a unit m ass of a substance by 1 degree as the volume is held consta nt Cp- The energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mas s of a substance by 1 degree as the pressure is held constan t Normally : Cp > Cv Ideal Gas : Cp = Cv + R Incompressible susbtanceS (solid & liquid): Cp Cv C

Energy transfer

2 ways: Heat, Q and Work, W Q an energy is heat transfer if the driving f orce is temperature - heat transfer rate (per unit time. J/s) W- energy other than above; rotating shafts, moving piston

Modes of heat transfer

EXAMPLES.

Touch the black car in t he summer and the hea t from the car transfers i nto your hand.

A breeze makes you fe el cooler because the w ind transfers heat away from your body.

Industrial Applications
Environment Tech Chemical Tech Heat Transfer Application Food Tech

Bio Tech

Polymer Tech

Chemical technology

Distillation

Heat exchanger

Furnace

Biological technology

Autoclave

Bioreactor

Environment

Incinerator

Cooling tower

Food Technology
Refrigerator

Microwave

Polymer technology

Injection Moulding

Extrusion

HEAT & WEATHER

THE END..