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Training Manual Jet Aircraft Maintenance Fundamentals ATA 06 Dimension and Areas JAR-66
Book No:
JAMF ATA 06 ALL
Lufthansa Technical Training GmbH Lufthansa Base Hamburg
Issue: July 2000 For Training Purposes Only Lufthansa 2000
For training purposes and internal use only. Copyright by Lufthansa Technical Training GmbH. All rights reserved. No parts of this training manual may be sold or reproduced in any form without permission of:
Lufthansa Technical Training GmbH

Lufthansa Base Frankfurt D-60546 Frankfurt/Main Tel. +49 69 / 696 41 78 Fax +49 69 / 696 63 84 Lufthansa Base Hamburg Weg beim Jger 193 D-22335 Hamburg Tel. +49 40 / 5070 24 13 Fax +49 40 / 5070 47 46
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ATA 06 DIMENSION AND AREAS
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FUNDAMENTAL
Aviation College
For Training Purposes Only
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DIMENSIONS AND AREAS
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FUNDAMENTALS ATA 06 Lesson 1
Aviation College
INTRODUCTION
You need zones, reference points, lines and planes to calculate the primary dimensions of an aircraft. Each section of the aircraft has a measurement system; the wings, including the ailerons and flaps, the body, the horizontal stabilizer surfaces, the vertical, stabilizer surfaces and the nacelles. The aircraft is divided into specified zones and areas by reference planes or coordinates. This helps you to identify the location of components quickly and is useful for the calculation of the center of gravity and the distribution of weight. The reference planes are vertical planes horizontal planes and longitudinal planes. The zones are the major areas of the aircraft like the fuselage, the wings and the engines. As you will see later, different aircraft manufacturers give different names to these planes and zones. The manufacturers also use different units of measurement for the reference planes. Boeing, for example, measures reference planes in inches and Airbus uses cm and mm. While you go through the lesson, you will see that there are different coordinate systems for each of the primary aircraft assemblies.
BODY
For Training Purposes Only First we look at the details of coordinate system for the aircraft fuselage. The body coordinates, or reference planes, are along the three aircraft axes the vertical axis the lateral or transverse axis and the longitudinal axis. On Boeing aircraft the body coordinates are called body stations body buttock lines and body waterlines.
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Figure 1
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BODY COORDINATES
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body cont. The body station is a vertical plane at a right angle to the body centerline. The body station is measured by the distance from a point in front of the nose of the aircraft. The abbreviation for the body station is B STA (read B, S, T, A). After B STA you see the measurement.
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BODY STATION
Figure 2
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BODY STATION Page 5
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body cont. The body buttock lines are vertical planes parallel to the body centerline plane. Body buttock line 0 is the body centerline. The abbreviation for the left body buttock lines is L BBL (say L, B, B, L) and for the right body buttock lines R BBL (say R, B, B, L).
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Figure 3
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BUTTLOCK LINE
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body cont. The body waterlines are horizontal planes at a right angle to the body stations and the body buttock lines. They are measured from a parallel imaginary plane, body waterline 0, below the aircraft fuselage. For example, on the Boeing 747 body waterline is 91 in below the fuselage.
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BWL 91
Figure 4
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BODY WATERLINE
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body cont. On Airbus aircraft the body coordinates have X values along the longitudinal axis Y valves along the lateral axis and Z values along the vertical axis. You can see the 0 points for the Y and Z coordinates on the graphic on the right. You can also see that the coordinates have negative and positive values. The X values are all positive. They are measured in relation to station 0, which is a fixed, imaginary point in front of the aircraft nose. On this Airbus 320 for example, station 0 is 2540 mm in front of the nose.
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STA 2540 STA 0
Figure 5
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FUSELAGE COORDINATES (AIRBUS AIRCRAFT)

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body cont. All aircraft manufacturers use the horizontal plane along the top surface of the floor beams as a reference plane for the installation of equipment and components in the cabin, cockpit and compartments. The fuselage datum, that is point 0 on the Z axis, is 240 mm above the floor beams on the Airbus 320.
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Figure 6
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HORIZONTAL PLANE
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WINGS
On Boeing aircraft the wing coordinates are the wing reference plane, wing buttock lines and wing stations. First lets look at the wing reference plane. On all aircraft this plane is inclined so that it is the same as the dihedral of the wing. On this Boeing 747, for example, it is inclined at 7 to the horizontal plane. It starts at the body buttock line 127.5. On the Airbus 320, the wing reference plane is called the wing datum. It is defined relative to the horizontal wing datum.
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Figure 7
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REFERENCE PLANE
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wings cont. The wing buttock line on Boeing aircraft is a vertical plane at a right angle to the wing reference plane. It is measured in inches from the intersection of the wing reference plane and the body buttlock line 0.
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WBL 0
BBL 0
Figure 8
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BUTTOCK LINE
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wings cont. The wing station on Boeing aircraft is a vertical plane at a right angle to the wing reference plane and to the rear spar. It is measured in inches from the intersection of the wing reference plane and the body buttock line 0. On Airbus aircraft only the wing stations are defined. On this Airbus 320 the wing stations are measured in mm from rib one to the point where they touch the front spar. The measurement is at a right angle to rib one and not along the front spar.
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STA / RIB 1
BOEING
AIRBUS
Figure 9
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WING STATION
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NACELLES
On Boeing aircraft the nacelle coordinates are divided into nacelle stations, nacelle buttock lines and nacelle waterlines. On Airbus aircraft only the nacelle stations are defined. The nacelle station is a vertical plane at a right angle to the nacelle centerline.
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Figure 10
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NACELLE COORDINATES
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nacelle cont. The nacelle station zero on Boeing aircraft is always in front of each forward engine mount. The distance depends on the engine type. On the Boeing 747, for example, nacelle station 0 is 197.5 in in front of the forward engine mount. The nacelle station 0 on Airbus aircraft is aft of the body station 0. As you can imagine, the distance is different from aircraft type to aircraft type.
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BOEING
AIRBUS
Figure 11
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NACELLE STATION
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nacelle cont. The nacelle buttock line is defined relative to the wing buttock line on Boeing aircraft. Each engine nacelle has a nacelle buttock line 0. On the 747, for example, the nacelle buttock line 0 for the inboard engine is 2 from wing buttock line 470 and for the outboard engine 2 from wing buttock line 834.
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Figure 12
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NACELLE BUTTOCK LINE

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nacelle cont. The nacelle waterlines are parallel to the wing reference plane. The nacelle waterline 0 is below the nacelle.
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Figure 13
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NACELLE WATERLINE
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HORIZONTAL STABILIZER
The horizontal stabilizer coordinates are like the wing coordinates. On Boeing aircraft the horizontal stabilizer coordinates are the stabilizer chord plane buttock lines stations, leading edge stations and elevator stations. The stabilizer chord plane is a plane through the leading and trailing edges of the stabilizer airfoil. This plane is also called the horizontal stabilizer reference plane. The horizontal stabilizer buttock line is a plane at a right angle to the stabilizer chord plane and parallel to the body centerline. You measure the buttock lines from the stabilizer buttock line zero which is equivalent to the body buttock line 0. The stabilizer station is a plane at a right angle to the stabilizer chord plane and to the horizontal stabilizer rear spar. The horizontal stabilizer station 0 is at the intersection of the leading edge extension and the horizontal stabilizer buttock line 0. The stabilizer leading edge station is a plane at a right angle to the horizontal stabilizer leading edge. You measure the leading edge station from the leading edge station 0 which is at the intersection of the extended leading edge and the horizontal stabilizer buttock line 0. The elevator station is a plane which is at a right angle to the elevator hinge centerline. You measure it from the intersection of the elevator hinge centerline and the stabilizer buttock line 0. On Airbus aircraft only the horizontal stabilizer stations are used.
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LE STA 0.0
Aviation College
STAB STA 285.0 STAB BL 372.0
SCP
STABILIZER CHORD PLANE STAB BL. 0.00 STABILIZER BUTTOCK LINE STABILIZER LEADING EDGE STATION
STAB STA 0.00 For Training Purposes Only
STABILIZER STATION
STAB BL 0.00
ELEV STA 0.0 ELEVATOR STATION Page 29
Figure 14
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HORINZONTAL STABILIZER COORDINATES
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VERTICAL STABILZER
On Boeing aircraft the vertical stabilizer coordinates are divided into stations, waterlines, leading edge stations and rudder stations. The vertical stabilizer or fin station, is a plane at a right angle to the centerline of the vertical stabilizer rear spar. On the Boeing 747 the fin station 0 is at the intersection of the extended leading edge and the body waterline 366.57.
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Figure 15
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VERTICAL STABILIZER STATION

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vertical stabilzier cont. The fin waterline is a horizontal plane parallel to the body waterline.
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Figure 16
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FIN WATERLINE
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vertical stabilzier cont. The vertical stabilizer leading edge station is a plane at a right angle to the stabilizer leading edge. You measure it from the leading edge station 0. On the Boeing 747, for example, the leading edge station 0 is at the intersection of the extended leading edge and the body waterline 366.57.
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Figure 17
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LEADING EDGE STATIONS

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vertical stabilzier cont. The rudder station is a plane at a right angle to the rudder hinge centerline. You measure it from the rudder station 0. On the Boeing 747 the rudder station 0 is at the intersection of the rudder hinge center line and the body waterline 366.57. On Airbus aircraft only the vertical stabilizer stations are used.
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Figure 18
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RUDDER STATIONS
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ZONES
All modern aircraft have different types of zones. Major zones, sub--major zones and zones are used to locate assemblies, subassemblies, doors and panels. The eight major zones have a three digit number. The first digit is a number from one to eight and then we have two 0. Major zone 100 is for the lower half of the fuselage, 200 for the upper half of the fuselage, 300 for the empennage which covers the aft fuselage and the horizontal and vertical stabilizers, and 800 for the doors.
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UPPER HALF OF FUSELAGE
300 EMPENAGE
DOORS 800
LOWER HALF OF FUSELAGE
Figure 19
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MAJOR ZONES
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zones cont. Major zone 400 is for the power plants and the struts, 500 for the left wing, and 600 for the right wing.
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Figure 20
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MAJOR ZONES
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zones cont. Major zone 700 is for the landing gear and the landing gear doors.
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Figure 21
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MAJOR ZONES
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zones cont. The major zones are divided into sub--major zones for more precise location of assemblies and components. The sub--major zones are identified by the second digit of the number code. The second digit is a number from one to six for smaller aircraft or one to nine for larger aircraft. Usually, the sub--major zones on the right hand side of the aircraft have even numbers and the sub--major zones on the left hand side have odd numbers. Sub--major zones are divided into zones to locate a component or group of components exactly. Zones are identified by the third digit of the number code. Usually, they are numbered from forward to aft, from inboard to outboard and from bottom to top.
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SUBMAJOR ZONE 330
SUBMAJOR ZONE 340
Figure 22
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SUB-MAJOR ZONES
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zones cont. If more subdivisions of a zone are necessary to identify doors and panels, there is a letter after the zone numbers. For example when two or more access panels are located in one zone you have a letter as shown here. Now we show you how access panels and service doors are identified. The first digit is for the major zone, the second digit is for the sub--major zone, and the third digit is for the zone. The first letter shows the position of the panel or door from forward to aft, inboard to outboard and bottom to top, and the second letter shows if the panel or door is on the left or the right side.
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Figure 23
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DOORS AND PANEL IDENTIFICATION

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ATA 06 DIMENSION AND AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DIMENSIONS AND AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BODY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NACELLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HORIZONTAL STABILIZER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VERTICAL STABILZER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 BODY COORDINATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BODY STATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BUTTLOCK LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BODY WATERLINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FUSELAGE COORDINATES (AIRBUS AIRCRAFT) . . . HORIZONTAL PLANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REFERENCE PLANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BUTTOCK LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WING STATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NACELLE COORDINATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NACELLE STATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NACELLE BUTTOCK LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NACELLE WATERLINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HORINZONTAL STABILIZER COORDINATES . . . . . . . VERTICAL STABILIZER STATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FIN WATERLINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LEADING EDGE STATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RUDDER STATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAJOR ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAJOR ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAJOR ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SUB-MAJOR ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DOORS AND PANEL IDENTIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47
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JAMF ATA 06 ALL

Lufthansa Technical Training GmbH Lufthansa Base Hamburg

Issue: July 2000 For Training Purposes Only Lufthansa 2000

Lufthansa Technical Training GmbH

Lufthansa Technical Training

For Training Purposes Only

Lufthansa Technical Training

DIMENSIONS AND AREAS

FUNDAMENTALS ATA 06 Lesson 1

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DIMENSIONS AND AREAS

FUNDAMENTALS ATA 06 Lesson 1

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BODY STATION Page 5

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FUSELAGE COORDINATES (AIRBUS AIRCRAFT)

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