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* qef:apmifo
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rsm<H=ar+t<H? wsm[H=aw+t[H? cDy\rH=cd+y\rH`
26` \H`
qef:apmifo
h if\h m, tm}kaH Smif:\m, oH<}k af Smif:\mwdYhk aemufAsn:f ajumifh a|So\ukd
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abm0g'demr aom=abm0g'D+emr aom? <x<d'=H <xm+'H? y\Uarm=y\m+
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hd yf? rf, <m-okhd uyf`
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y\Uarm-udk y\m+uarm-[k yk']f zwf? y\ a'Gbma0g Xmae-]zifh uf-> o'doa'Gabmf
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Z-> o'doa'Gabmf Z-vm`
rkn-H ukd raem+tnH-[k yk']f zwf? ykxk AsOa e-Y t-o'Ng]zifh aemufo\ajumifh
jo-udk O-y? aemufo\ukd acs`
joea'g-udk t0+ea'g-[k yk']f zwf? jo t0-]zifh t0-udk jo-y`
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O-y? }-> o'doa'Gabmf }-vm`
21
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rSwfcsuf- yuwdo|d yk u
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kd nf: oifp ykKdvrf sm:twGuf csex
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22
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23
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24
25
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f kd 'f-y? 'f, t-okhd uyf`
28
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30
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31
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33
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S ?hf o-cGi:f , t-uif:? tum\ydwm'smerm-]zifh }-od ajumifh t-ukd tm-y? tmuma\m
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34
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37
raem}dE
k :f
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* oRd ,H o, em? od, aom, omSi?hf tH-rSm jo-rSw?f ormof, w'?d v<f jo-od?
use|f dS yk-wdik :f raem}kE
d :f `
raem? rem? a[ re? a[ rem? b0am rem`
182` o apm`
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p-o'Ng]zifh tH0b
d wfuv
dk nf: jo-y`
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repaomo'Ngwkahd emifrS oRd -H ukd -y? o-ukd jo-y? em-ukd tm-y? , jo,
tm-o\wkahd jumifh a\S Yh o-vm? tH-uku
d m: jo-y|ko
H m yonf? o-rvm`
* raem? reH? rae`
181` raem}Em'dawm oRd Hemerdtm`
raemo'Ngvif twl|adS om o'Ngtaygif:aemif tcsKd t
h \mY oRd -H ukd -y? em-ukd
tm-y`
184` o oa\ 0g }arm`
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* reom? raee? rae[d? raebd`
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
38
* reaom? re? remeH` reoRm? rerSm? rem? rae[d? raebd` * reaom? re?
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jo od? oHk:|Sd raem}dkEf: vuQEm`
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d w
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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39
raem}Em'd}E
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awok0'k `f
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105` aom 0g`
tum\aemifrS em-0dbwfukd tcsKd h aom-y`
twMaom? AsOe aom? tuQ\aom`
tawm tvdu
k jf uOfonfh aom 0g-[laom 0dem"dum\ a<m}0dbm}]zifh , Owkhd
aemifvnf: aom-y? a<medaom? a[wkaom`
* t-aemifrSem? aom-y\m? csKd hrmS ,O-aemuf aom-y`
106` 'DaCma\[d`
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'DCaom? jo\aom? 'DCrSm? jo\rSm`
raem}Em'd}E
kd :f yD:>`
40
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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kd :f
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c` 0dbwfSifhwuG tvkH:pkHaom KypPnf:udk pD\ifaomtydkif:`
tydik :f (u)
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* tH, o-a|S rh ?S K-t-Si?hf }, o-csev
f yS ?f uif:0dbwfwkd ? aSmif:vwf K?
tqk:H O? t-y yk}E
dk :f wl`
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ajumihf K-> tqk:H O-udk t-y` K-> tqk:H O-udk t-yyD:vif yk\o
d m'd}E
kd :f twdik :f
pD\ifav`
94` odrSd 0g`
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92` Kam a<mok p`
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p-o'Ng]zifh tH, em, oRm, oRd -H wdk ajumifh t-y?
t-o'Ng]zifh K->tqk:H O-udk t-yI a<m-udk -y `
(Kam a<mokp-okw\f if:]zifh A[k0pk f 0dbwftm:v:Hk ? p-o'Ng]zifh tH, em, oRm, oRd H 4-vk:H ajumifh t-y)
}kE0m?
abmam }kE0m`
|kyw
f u
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K-> O-ukd t-yaom|kyf rsm:ukd wGuaf v)
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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41
93` oA 0g tHaook`
tH, o-0dbwfwahkd jumifh tvk:H pkaH om K-ypPn:f ukd tcsK.d t-y`
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}kE0aok`
tydkif: (c)
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hf uG tH, t, tm-y? eH-Siw
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hf uG awm-y? yxrma<m-Siw
hf uG am-y`
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tqduk aJG omfvnf: oabm twlwyl if`)
124` tm odrSd`
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hf uG tvk:H pkaH om K-ypPn:f udk tm-y`
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h nf: tm-y? (00g ta[ok)H
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yD:>` (tH-ajumifh a\S h t-o\ 2-vkH:ukd acs)
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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hf uG tvk:H pkaH om K-ukd am-y`
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42
43
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44
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(}p + od )
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hd -ukd tH-y`
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* od-aSmif: ? tH-y\? csKd r r[m-ponf tm` (=udk ew-[kzwf)
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f ef }k, }pf twl]zpf`
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kd :f , }pm'd}E
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abm }p,H }p, }pm?
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k o
hJ kd iJ?h
Kam-]zifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uGK-udk am-y? }pam-yD:>`
abm }p,H }p, }pm-ukd }p-wnf? tmvkyo
f -d ouf? }-trnfrn
S ?fh -udk K-iJ?h t0m
p a}-]zifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG K-udk tH, t, tm-y? cGi:f , acs, uyf`
rSwcf suf}p-twdik :f xm:vif od-rS wyg: yk\o
d m'd}E
kd :f Siw
hf `l
K-iJv
h if }kE0g'd}E
kd :f twdik :f pD\ifav`
45
}pa`
}pa[d, }pabd`
}pw,H }pmeH`
}pa[d, }pabd`
}pw,H }pmeH`
}paok`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
46
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
b0H, b0H?
b0wm, b0ae, abmwm, abmae?
b0awm, b0, b0,
abmawm, abm?
b0wm, b0oRm, b0rSm, b0m?
b0awm, b0, b0,
abmawm, abm?
b0wd, b0oRd ,H b0rS,d b0a?
a[ b0m, b0am?
abmm, abmam`
b0a, abma`
b0a[d, b0abd`
b0wH, b0meH`
b0a[d, b0abd`
b0wH, b0meH`
b0aok`
47
\mZm'd}E
kd :f
189` osm p`
]A[R, twW, oc, \mZ-paom o'NgaemifrS od-0dbwfudk tm-y`
* \mZ, ]A[R? twW-p]zm? aemuf od-tm Si?hf a<mrSm tmaem? csKd aem-rSe?f
0dbwf tH? tmeH tcsKdy`
\mZm`
190` a<mermaem`
]A[R, twW, oc, \mZ-paom o'NgaemifrS a<m-0dbwfudk tmaem-y`
\mZmaem? (a<m-udk tmaem-y) \mZdaem `
|kyw
f u
G -f
|kyw
f u
G -f
oAB-d o-wnf? [d-ouf? bd-y? oo'N-paom okw]f zifh o-udk o-yI tqk:H Y
A-vm? A-bd-odkhuyf`
\mZm-udk \mZ-wnf? od-ouf? osm p-]zifh od-udk tm-y? cGif:, acs, uyf`
\mZmaem-udk \mZ-wnf? a<m-ouf? a<mermaem-]zifh a<m-udk tmaem-y? cGi:f , acs, uyf`
\mZdaem-udk \mZ-wnf? a<m-ouf? a<m-udk tmaem-y? awok 0k'-d ]zifh tm-udk -y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
48
abm \mZ, \mZm,
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
49
188` ]A[Rwo
W c\mZm'dawm trmeH`
]A[R, twW, oc, \mZ-paomo'NgaemifrS tH-0dbwfudk tcsK.d tmeHy`
\mZmeH? \mZH?
\mZmaem? \mZdaem`
137` emrSd \nm 0g`
em-0dbwfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG tvk:H pkaH om |mZ-o'Ngudk tcsK.d \nm-
y`
\nm? \maZe? \mZdem` (awok0k'd-paom okwfBuD;jzihf &mZ-\ tqHk; t-udk -jyK)
(]A[R-o'Ng },em,o,oRd w
H Yhdk om xl:I uif: \mZ-Siw
hf )l
]A[Rm,
]A[Rmaem`
193` ]A[Rawm } p`
]A[R-o'NgaemifrS }-rnfaom od-ukd {-y`
abm ]Aa[R? (}-odudk {-y? cGif:, acs, uyf) abmam ]A[Rmaem`
]A[RmeH, ]A[R?H
]A[Rmaem`
|kyw
f u
G -f
\nH-ukd \mZ-wnf? eH-ouf? \nH eHrdS 0g-]zifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG tvk:H pkaH om\mZ-o'Ngukd
\nH-y`
\mZle-H ukd \mZ-wnf? eH-ouf? \mZ \mZk-paomokw]f zihf \mZ-ukd \mZk-y? oke[
H o
d pk
]zihf 'DC-y`
\nm-ukd \mZ-wnf? oRm-ouf? trSwrk
S K-paomokw]f zifh oRm-ukd em-0dbwfuo
hJ ihdk ?hJ
emrSd \nm 0g-]zifh 0dbwfSifhwuG \mZ-ukd \nm-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
50
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
51
* ]A[R, twW? csKd urR Si?hf rk'- p aemuf? oRd H a\muf? razmuf ed-ty`
]A[Red?
]Aa[Rok`
twWo'Ng wwd<m-ponfwYhdk om xl:>`
twWm?
twWmaem`
abm twW, abm twWm?
abmam twWmaem`
twWmeH, twW?H
twWmaem`
160` turR p`
em-0dbwfajumifh urR-o'Ng> tqk:H t-ukd t-y, O-y`
p-o'Ng]zihf em-ajumifh twW->tqk:H t-udk t-xyfy? em,ok-wdk ajumifh
rC0, <k0-ponfwkd > tqk:H t-udk tm-y`
* twW-qk:H t? emaSmif: t? te-ok, [d-aSmif:`
twW-> tqk:H t-udk em-aSmif:vif t-xyfy? twWam [dordR ewW-H ]zifh [dajumif,h te- y? tewW-H [laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh ok-ajumifh te-y`
twWem, tawWe`
|kyw
f u
G -f
]A[RKem-ukd ]A[R-wnf? em-ouf? OwWH oemok-]zihf O-y`
]A[RKaem-ukd ]A[R-wnf? o-ouf? OwWH oemok-]zihf O-y? 0K0m vm-]ziffh Oukd vtrnfrn
S ?hf vawm o aem 0g -]zihf vaemifrS o-ukd aem-y`
]A[RLeH-ukd ]A[R-wnf? eH-ouf? OwW-H [laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh eH-ajumihf ]A[R->tqk:H
t-ukd O-y? oke[
H o
d k p-]zihf 'DC-y`
]A[RKem-ukd ]A[R-wnf? oRm-ouf? em-0dbwfuo
hJ ihdk ?hJ OwWH oemok-]zifh O-y`
|kyw
f u
G -f
twWm-Y osm p-]zifh od-udk tm-y`
twWmaem-Y a<mermaem-]zifh a<m-udk tmaem- y`
twWem-udk twW-wnf? em-ouf? t urR p-Y p-]zifh em-ajumifh twW-tqkH:
t-udk t-xyfy`
52
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
53
oco'Ng |kyx
f l:[efum:
ocgaem`(a<m-udk tmaem-y)
54
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
ykrm'd}E
kd :f
152` ykrm odrSd`
od-0dbwfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG ykr->tqk:H t-ukd tm-y`
t-o'Ngyd]k zifh rC0, <k0-paomo'Ngwd>
hk tqk:H t-udk od-0dbwfiS hf wuG
55
tm-y`
* oRd aH <m od? }-aSmif:bdr?l a|S |h dS ykr? tqk:H t-rSm? 0dbwfyg? tmae,tmaem,
tm Sihf tH`
oRd ,H a<m, od, }-od-aSmif:\mY 0dbwfiS w
hf uG ykr->tqk:H t-udk tpOftwdik :f
tmae, tmaem, tm, tH-y`
ykrm? ykarm?
155` a<moGmaem`
a<m-0dbwfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG ykr-o'Ng> tqk:H t-ukd tmaem-y`
ykrmaem`
153` trmvyaeu0pae`
}-trnf\dS od-0dbwfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG ykr-o'Ng> tqk:H t-ukd tH-y`
a[ ykr?H
a[ ykrmaem`
ykr?H
ykrmaem`
|kyw
f u
G -f
ykrm-ukd ykr-wnf? od-ouf? ykrmodr-dS ]zifh od-0dbwfiS w
hf uG ykr->tqk:H t-ukd
tm-y`
od-]zifh ykarm-|kyfudk |lyod'dY r]yaomfvnf: armvmef, o'NeDwdwdkYvmonf`
ykrmaem-ukd ykr-wnf? a<m-ouf? a<moGmaem-]zifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG ykr->tqk:H t-ukd
tmaem-y`
a[ ykrH-ukd ykr-wnf? tmvkyf od-ouf? trmvyaeu0pae-]zifh }-trnf\Sd od0dbwfSifh
wuG ykr->tqk:H t-ukd tH-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
56
159` O emrSd p`
em-0dbwfajumifh ykr-> tqk:H t-ukd tm-y, O-y`
p-o'g tmudik ifjcif; tEkueteuf&\
dS /(upn;f )
l-um;- p-o'Ng]zifh o, oRm-0dbwfwahdk jumifh ykr, urR, xmr-o'Ngwk>
hd
tqk:H t-ukd tcsK.d O-y` (TtpD\ifudk upPn:f usr:f Y [d0b
d wWrd pdS -Y p-]zifh pD\ifonf)
* ykr, urR? xmr-rSm? O-y\m? o, em, oRm-aSmif:`
o, em, oRm-aSmif:\mY ykr,urR, xmr-o'Ngwdk > tqk:H t-udk O-y`
* ykr-qk:H t? tm-y\? csKd r em, ok-aSmif:`
turR p -Y p-]zifh em, ok-aSmif:\mY ykr> tqk:H t-udk tcsKd h tm-y`
ykrmem, ykrek m, ykare?
157` [d0dbwWdrSd p`
[d-0dbwfajumifh ykr-> tqk:H t-ukd tmae-y`
p-o'Ng]zihf od, a<m-paom 0dbwftm:vk:H ajumifh rC0, <k0-paom o'Ngwd>
hk
tqk:H t-udk tme-y? o, oRm-0dbwfwahkd jumifh ykr, urR, xmro'Ngwdk > tqk:H t-udk
O-y`
* [d-aSmif: ykr? tqkH: t? csKd r tmaey`
yk r mae[d , yk r maebd , yk a r[d ,
ykarbd`
ykr, ykrak em?
ykrmeH`
ykroRm, ykrrSm, ykrm,
|kyw
f u
G -f
ykrmem? ykrkem-ukd ykr-wnf? em-ouf? OemrSd p-]zifh ykr-> tqkH: t-ukd tm-O-y`
ykrak em-ukd ykr-wnf? o-ouf? [d 0dbwWrd dS p-Y p-]zifh ykr->tqk:H t-ukd O-y`
0K0m vm-]zifh v-trnfrn
S ?hf vawm o aem 0g-]zifh o-0dbwfudk aem,y`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
57
215` vawm p`
, v-wkahd emifrS oRm-0dbwfudk em-y`
ykrek m?
ykrmae[d, ykrmaebd, ykar[d,
ykarbd`
ykr, ykrak em?
ykrmeH`
|kyw
f u
G -f
ykrek m-ukd ykr-wnf? oRm-ouf? [d 0dbwWrd dS p-okwYf p-o'Ng]zifh ykr->tqk:H t-ukd
O-y? v-trnfrn
S ?hf vawm p-]zifh oRm-ukd em-y`
ykrmae-ukd ykr-wnf? oRd -H ouf? tmae oRd rH dS 0g-]zifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG ykr->tqk:H t-ukd
tmae-y`
ykrmok-ukd ykr-wnf? ok-ouf? okordR m 0g-]zifh ykr-> tqk:H t-ukd tm-y`
58
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
t'-o'Ng y'rmvm
ykrm odr-dS Y t-o'Ng]zifh od-ajumifh t'-> tqk:H t-udk 0dbwfiS w
hf uG
<k0-o'Ng y'rmvm
* od-Sihf ok, em? aSmif:avygu? rC0, <k0? tqk:H t-rSm? tm-y\m? od-rSm
wuGy`
* rC0, <k0? tqk:H t? tme-ywk?H 0dbwfuek `f
ykrm odr-dS Y t- o'Ng]zifh od- ajumifh rC0, <k0-wdk > tqk:H t-udk
0dbwfiS w
fh uG tm-y? turR p-Y p-]zifh em, ok-ajumifh rC0, <k0-wdk > tqk:H
t- udk (0dbwf rygbJ) tm- y`
(od, em, ok-rSwpfyg: <k0-]zifh 1-rsK:d ? <k0ge-]zifh 1-rsK:d tm:]zifh yk\o
d -twdik :f
y'rmvmpOfav? [d0b
d wWrd dS p-Y p-]zifh 0dbwftm:vk:H ajumifh <k0-> tqk:H t-udk tmey) (rC0, <k0-wdk > tqk:H t-udk tme-yvif yk\o
d m'd}E
kd :f Siw
hf )l
y`
tm`
'k`
w`
bd`
p`
rD`
q`
o`
<k0g, <k0gaem?
abm <k0, <k0g, <k0ge, <k0gem?
<k0,H <k0geH?
<ka0e, <k0gem, <k0gaee?
<k0, <k0ge
<k0oRm, <k0rSm, <k0g,
<k0geoRm, <k0gerSm, <k0gem?
<k0, <k0ge
<k0oRd ,H <k0rS,d <ka0,
<k0geoRd ,H <k0gerS,d <k0gae?
59
<k0g, <k0gem`
abmam <k0g, <k0gem`
<ka0, <k0gae`
<ka0[d, bd, <k0gae[d,
<k0geH, <k0gemeH`
<ka0[d, bd, <k0gae[d, bd`
<k0geH, <k0gemeH`
<ka0ok, <k0gaeok, <k0gok`
tm-y`
a<moGmaem-[laom 0dem"dum\a<m}0dbm}]zifh a<m-ajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG
tmaem-y`
[d0b
d wWrd dS p-Y p-]zifh tH, [d, ok-wdk ajumifh t'-> tqk:H t-udk tme-y`
* t'-qk:H t? wuGo,d a<m? tm, tmaemy? tH, [d, ok-rS? a|S t
h me-]zm? okaSmif: tm? O-rSm oRm, em, o-aSmif:`
t'g?
abm t', t'g?
t',H t'geH?
ta'e, t'em, t'Kem?
t', t'Kaem?
t'Kem?
t', t'Kaem?
t'e,d t'gae?
t'gaem`
abmam t'gaem`
t'gaem`
t'gae[d, t'gaebd`
t'geH`
t'gae[d, t'gaebd`
t'geH`
t'gaeok`
ykrm'd}E
dk :f yD:>`
ykvid t
f um\yD:>`
============
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
60
tmum\ ykvid f
ykvid f tmum\ o'Ngum:-om-o'Ngwnf:`
om = acG:onf? wdwd` (om-o'Ngwnf? od-acs)
84` taCm\ aru0pea<moGyd p`
wMv
d id ,f ykvid f od-rSuif:aom {u0kp0f b
d wf, a<m-0dbwfwkd ajumifh Cr[kwaf om 'DCudk \-y`
* {u0kp0f ?d xD, yko
H -d cse?f a<m-aSmif:]yefu? juOfz<f C? \yavbd`
om wdd`
a[o,(tmuma\m 0g-]zifh \y) a[om?
abmam om`
oH? (cGif:, acs, uyf)
ao`
aoe? (\y, {e-y)
om[d, ombd`
o,
109` tm< pwkawMu0pe wk`
tum\aemif pwkw{DM u0kpf o-ukd tm< y? wko'Ng]zifh tH-y? wM-H y? twM-H
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
61
o?
omeH`
ooRd H, orSd, ao?
omok`
ypPu"Q rRm, }gD0"Gm ponfwo
hdk nfvnf: Ttwlwnf:`
ykvid t
f mum\ yD:>`
ykvid f um\
ykvid f um\o'Ngum: td-o'Ngwnf:`
95` tdded`
od-0dbwfajumifh td-o'Ng> tqk:H -ukd ed-y`
* td qkH: ? od-aSmif:bd? ed-\Hcgy`
tde?d td`
118` Cyawm p a<meH avmayg`
C, y, , vwkahd emifrS a<m-0dbwfwu
hdk dk tcsKd acs`
* C, y, , v? aemufa<m-us? aus\ a<m-rSm \Hwpfcg`
vnf:y`
* pwkwDM o? t-aemifr?S tm< Sihf tH, wM,H twM`H (wH-udk xH-[kzwf)
(om<)?
omeH`
ooRm, orSm, om?
om[d, ombd`
|kyw
f u
G -f
om wdd-Y om-wnf? a<m-ouf? taCm \-paomokw]f zifh \y? oAa<meDe
rm{-]zifh tm-y` ({u0kpf 0dbwf, a<m-0dbwfaSmif:wdik :f \yI yk\o
d m'd}E
kd :f twdik :f pD\if)
62
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
tm'd?
abmtm'd?
tm'd ?H
tm'dem?
63
tm'D, tm'a<m`
abmam tm'D, tm'a<m`
tm'D, tm'a<m`
tm'D[,d tm'Db,d tm'd[,d tm'db-d ponf`
69` tm'dawm jo p`
tm'd-o'Ngaemif oRd -H udk tH, jo-y`
p-o'Ng]zifh t]cm:o'Ngaemifvnf: tH, jo, tm-y`
* tm'd-aemuf|?dS oRd 0H d um:? tH, jo-xm:? t]cm:aemufrmS tH, jo-tm?`
tm'dodR ,H tm'dr,dS tm'd ,H tma'g`
tm'Do?k
tm'do`k
ykvid f um\yD:>`
|kyw
f u
G -f
tm'd -H udk tm'd-wnf? oRd -H ouf? tm'dawm jo p-]zifh oRd -H udk tH-y? -udk -rSn?hf
tHarm ed[DwH vay[d-]zifh tH-udk ed[dwf y`
tma'g-Y oRd -H udk jo-y? cGi:f , acs, uyf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
64
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
ykvid f Tum\
65
'de,H 'd ?H
'dem?
'd, 'daem?
'domR , 'drmS , 'dem?
'd, 'daem?
'D, 'daem`
'D[,d 'Db`d
'De`H
'D[,d 'Db`d
'De`H
|kyw
f u
G -f
'D-Y od-ouf? e odordR eyko
H umed-]zifh wm:]rpfaomajumifh \ ry\? od, acs`
'daem-Y a<m-ouf? -rSn?hf taCm \-]zifh \-y? a<meH aem-]zifh aem-y`
abm'd-Y tmvkyo
f -d ouf? }-rSn?hf T-ukd -rSn?hf vyg\H-]zifh -rnfaom Tukd \-y? od, acs`
'Do`k
|kyw
f u
G -f
'de-H ukd 'D-wnf? tH-ouf? -rSn?hf \y? eH awm uw\m-]zifh tH-ukd eH-y`
'd -H Y tH-ouf? -rSn?hf taCm\-paomokw]f zihf T-ukd \-y? tHarmed[DwH
paomokw]f zifh aemifrS tH-ukd ed[dwf y`
rSwfcsuf` ` }od rSwpfyg:aom{u0kp0f b
d wfaSmif:wkid :f taCm \ paomokw]f zifh \
yav` \yrSwpfyg: uif: td-o'Ngiw
hf o
l nf`
oRm-0dbwf]zifh 'dem-udk -rSnfh? \-y? vawm p-]zifh oRm-udk em-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
66
bduKQ ?
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
67
bduKQ ?H
bduLQ , bduaQ 0g`
bduKQ em?
bduQL[d, bduQLbd, bduQK[d, bd`
bduKQ , bduKQ aem?
bduLQ eH, bduKQ eH`
bduKQ oRm, bduKQ rSm, bduKQ em?
bduLQ [d, bd, bduKQ [d, bd`
bduKQ , bduKQ aem?
bduLQ eH, bduKQ eH`
bduKQ oRd ,H bduKQ rS?d
bduLQ ok, bduKQ ok`
Ttwlaowk, auwk, \m[k, bmEk, AK, a[wk, ZK-paom o'Ngwdk ukd odav`
a[wko'NgY a<m-twdik :f xm:aom a[wka<m-wpf|yk yf >
kd ?
a[wl, a[wa0g, a[wka<m-ponf`
ZK-o'NgY a<m-twdik :f xm:aom|ky,f a<m-udk aem-yaom|kyw
f yhdk >
kd `
ZL, Za0g, ZKa<m, ZKaem-ponf`
owMm'd}E
kd :f
199` owMKydwm'Derm odoRd H odavmayg p`
owMK, ydw-k paom o'Ngwdk > O-udk od-aSmif:\mY tm-yI od-0dbwfuv
kd nf:
acs`
* owMK, ydw?k ponf O-rSm? od-aSmif:tm-y? o-aSmif: O? Spcf k od, oaus`
owMm`
|kyw
f u
G -f
ZKaem-udk ZK-wnf? a<m-ouf? v-rSn?hf vawm a0guma\m p-Y um\-o'Ngyd]k zifh
a<m-udk aem-y`
owMm-udk owMK-wnf? od-ouf? owMKydwm'Derm-paom okw]f zifh owMK-tqk:H O-udk
tm-yI od-udkvnf:acs`
68
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
200` tanoGm\wW`H
od-rSuif:aom 0dbwfwkd ajumifh owMK, ydw-k paom o'Ngwdk > tqk:H O-udk
tm\-y`
* owMK, ydw?k ponf O-rSm? tm\-om? aSmif:\m 0dbwf od, o-vyf`
205` wawm a<mearmwk`
tm\ tyaemifrS a<m-udk jo-y`
wk-o'Ng]zifh tm\r[kwaf om o'NgaemufYvnf: a<m-udk jo-y`
* tm\-aemufausm? oRd ,H a<m, em? , jo, tm? -rSm a|S \h `
* tm\-raSm? oRd H, a<m? , jo-tcsKdy`
tm\-tyrSaemuf]zpfaom oRd -H udk -y? a<m-udk jo-y? em-udk tm-y? ty> a|S rh S tm\-> tm-udk \- y`
tm\-r[kwaf om o'NgaemufYvnf: oRd -H udk -y? a<m-udk jo-y`
owMma\m?
abmowM, owMm?
abmam owMma\m`
owMm\H?
owMma\, owMma\m`
207` em tm`
tm\tyaemifrS em-udk tm-y`
owMm\m, owMKem?
owMma\[d, owMma\bd`
|kyw
f u
G -f
owMma\m-udk owMK-wnf? a<m-ouf? tanoGm\wW-H ]zifh tm\-y? wawm a<mearm
wk-]zifh a<m-udk jo-y` (abm owM, owMm-Y tum\ydwm'smerm, tmuma\m 0g-wd]hk zifh
pD\if)
owMm\m-udk owMK-wnf? em-ouf? O-ukd tm\-y? em tm-]zifh em-ukd tm-y? acs?
uyf`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
69
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
70
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
71
tbdb?l (od-acs)
tbdb,l (a<m-udkacs) tbdbak 0g, tbdbak em`
abm tbdb?k ( vyg\H-]zifh \y) abmam tbdb,l tbdbak 0g, tbdbak em`
|kyw
f u
G -f
tbdbka0g-udk tbdbl-wnf? a<m-ouf? v-trnfrSnfh? OD-ukd O-\y? a<m-ukd
|kyw
f u
G -f
a0g-y`
owM\-d Y tm\-y? wawm oRrd -d ]zihf odR -H udk -y? tma\m \ rduma\-]zifh \y`
ydwa\m-udk ydw-k wnf? a<m-ouf? O-ukd tm\-y? a<m-ukd jo-y? ydwm'Derodr-dS
]zifh tm\-> tm-ukd t-\y` (ydw\d-rSwpfyg: ydwm'Derodr-dS ]zifch sn:f \y)
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
72
tbdbkH?
tbdb,l tbdbak 0g, tbdbak em`
tbdbek m?
tbdb[
l ,d tbdbb
l `d
tbdbk,tbdbkaem?
tbdbleH`
tbdbo
k mR , tbdbrk mS , tbdbek m?(vawm p-]zifh em-y) tbdb[
l ,d tbdbb
l `d
tbdbk,tbdbkaem?
tbdbleH`
tbdbkoRd H, tbdbkrSd?
tbdblok`
Tenf:wl-o<L a0bl y\mbdb-l ponfuv
kd nf: odav`
oAnL-o'NgY a<m0dbwfukd aem-tyom|S?d a0g-tyr|S`d
ykvid f ODum\ yD:>`
---------ykvdif {um\ r|Sd`
ykvid f joum\
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
73
74` a<mok p`
a<m-ajumihf a}g> tpdwjf o-udk tm0-y`
po'Ng]zihf em,oRm,oRd ,H ok 0dbwfwahdk jumifv
h nf: tm0-y`
}ga0g` (wawm a<me arm wk-Y wk-]zifh a<m-udk jo-y? 0-cGi:f , acs, uyf)
75` t0HrSd p`
tH 0dbwfajumihf a}g> tpdwf jo-ukd tm0, t0-y`
p-o'Ng]zihf a<m-Spv
f :Hk em? o-Sp]f zm? oRm, oRd ,H ok-|Spv
f :Hk wdk ajumifh t0-y`
}a0g` (t0HrpdS Y p-]zifh t0-y? wawm a<me armwk Y wk ]zihf a<m-udk jo-y)
a[ a}g?
a[ }ga0g, }a0g`
}g0H, }0H?
76` tm0k 0g`
tH-ajumifh tm0-> tqk:H t-udk tcsK.d O-y`
* tH-aSmif: tm0? tqk:H t? csKd r O-y\m`
}g0k?H
}ga0g, }a0g`
}ga0e, }a0e?
a}g[d, a}gbd`
* od, [d, eH, }? uif:ud:k 0ajumif?h tm0, t0? eH-tH-]y? t0-a}g> jo`
od, [d, eH-Sihf }-rnfaom 0dbwfwkd rS uif:aom 0dbwf 9-vk:H wdk ajumifh a}g> jo-udk tm0, t0 2-rsK:d vk:H y\onf`
eH-0dbwfajumifh a}g-> jo-udk t0-yI eH-udv
k nf: tH-y\onf`
a}g }pw`d (od-udkacs)
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
74
75
219` od H`
eyHv
k id t
f um\aemifrS od-ukd trJt-H y`
* eykH t-aemuf? od, a<m-a\muf? razmuf tH, ed pOfwidk :f od`
eykvid f tum\aemif trJ od-udk tH-y? a<m-udk ed-y? yxrm a<mrS]zpfaom
ed-udk tcsKd t
h m-y, 'kw<
d m a<m-rS]zpfaom ed-udk tcsKd h {-y`
ed-ty aSmif:vif a|S o
h \udk 'DCy`
pdw`HW
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
76
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
eykvid f }kE0g'd}E
kd :f Y od-0dbwfiS w
hf uG K-udk tH-y` a<m-aSmif:\mY K> tqk:H O-udk t-yI a<m-udk -y`
}kE0H, }kE0H` }kE0m, }kE0med, }kE0d? (tuif: odkdifavmufyD)
}p,H ?(odrdS*pEmk'DeH? Eoa'g tH-jzihf E-udk tH-y) }p?H }pm,}pmed,}p`d (EK-iJh? a<m-udk
-y) (tuif: odkdifavmufyD)
eykvid f tum\ yD:>`
eykvid f tmum\
eykvdif tmum\o'Ngum: t'g-o'Ngwnf:`
|kyw
f u
G -f
pdw-HW udk pdw-W wnf? od-ouf? od -H ]zifh od-udk tH-y? cGi:f , acs, uyf`
pdwmW -udk pdw-W wnf? a<m-ouf? tawm edp-HP ]zifh a<m-udk ed-y? oAa<meDerm{-]zifh
yxrm a<m-> ed-udk tm-y? cGi:f , acs, uyf`
pd w W m ed - ud k pd w W - wnf ? a<m-ouf ? tawm ed p P H - ]zif h a<m-ud k ed - y? a<mok
uwedum\avmayok 'DC-H ]zifh a|S o
h \udk 'DCy`
urRKem-udk urR-wnf? em-ouf? turR p-]zifh urR-tqk:H t-udk O-y`
urRem-Y turR p-]zifh urR-tqk:H t-udk t-xyfy`
urRKaem-udk urR-wnf? o-ouf? [d0b
d wWrd dS p-Y p-]zifh urR-> tqk:H t-udk O-y?
v-aemifo-udk aem-y`
urRe-d Y ]A[Rawm wk oRd H ed-Y wk-]zifh oRd -H udk ed-y`
77
eykv
H id f um\
eykHvdif um\ o'Ngum: td-o'Ngwnf:`
td`
|kyw
f u
G -f
}kE0H-udk }kE0K-wnf? od-ouf? tH eyko
H au-]zifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG K-udt
k -H y? 0cGif:, acs, uyf`
}kE0H-Y odrSd 0g-]zifh K-> tqkH: O-udk t-y? od H-]zifh od-udk tH-y? acs, uyf`
}kE0m-Y Kam a<mokp]zifh O-udk t-y? a<m-udk ed-y? ed-udk tm-y`
}kE0d -Y Kam a<mokp-Y t-o'Ng]zifh O-udk t-yI a<m-udv
k nf: -y`
78
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
eykv
H id ]f zpfaomajumifh od0b
d wfajumifv
h nf: taCm\ tp\Sad om okwf
]zifh \- y`
okcum\d ('geH?)
okcum\D, okcum\De`d
a[ okcum\d?
abmmed okcum\D, okcum\De`d
okcum\d ,H okcum\de?H
okcum\D, okcum\De`d
( uif: 'Do'NgiS hf wl)
Ttwl -- oDC<m<d (pdw)HW ponfuv
kd nf:odav`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
79
tm<k?
tm<l,(a<m-acs? 'DCy) tm<le`d (a<m-udk ed-y? 'DCy)
a[ tm<k?
a[ tm<l, tm<le`d
tm<k?H
tm<l, tm<le`d
tm<kem, tm<kom? (raem*Pm'd*kdPf;) tm<l[,d tm<lbd -ponf? (tuif: ykvid Of um\ bduKQ o'NgiS whf >l )
puQK 0ok "k 'g|k wdyk r"k [d}kF odK 0wMK rwMK Zwk trK tk
ponfwkd vnf: enf:wl`
eykvid f Oum\yD:>`
eykv
H id f ODum\
eykvid f ODum\ o'Ngum: a}gjwbl-o'Ngwnf:`
a}gjwbk (pdw?HW )
a}gjwbl, a}gjwble`d
a[ a}gjwbk?
a[ a}gjwbl, a}gjwble`d
(tuif: odidk af vmufy`D )
tbdb,l o<L, "rRnL-ponfwkd vnf:enf:wl`
eykvid f ODum\yD:>`
eykvid f jo-um\o'Ngum: pdwaW }g-o'Ngwnf:? ykvid f iS w
hf >
l `
y'rmvmxl;aom eykvid f o'grsm; pdwH urH p *kP0H? *p
EH rkcemodum/
t'|d okcum&D? tm,k a*gMwbk
pdwa *g/
|kyw
f u
G -f
tm<kom-Y raem}Em'd}E
dk :f ]zpfI raem}Em'dawm oRd eH merdtm-]zifh em-udk tm-y?
o oa\ 0g }arm-]zifh o-vm`
80
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
wdv
M id f
114` Caw p`
81
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
wMv
d id f um\
82
tuif:onf unm-Siw
hf `l
tm, trm ponfenf:wl`
wMv
d id t
f mum\yD:>`
======
83
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
wMv
d id f Tum\
84
\wsm?
\wW<
d m, \wsm?
\wW<
d m, \wsm?
\wW<
d m, \wsm?
\wW<
d m, \wsm,\wW<
d ,H
\ws,H \wWd ,H \awWm?
\wW[
D ,d \wWb
D ,d \wW[
d ,d \wWb
d `d
\wWeD ,H \wWed `H
\wW[
D ,d \wWb
D ,d \wW[
d ,d \wWb
d `d
\wWeD ,H \wWed `H
\wWo
D ,k \wWo
d `k
85
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
86
e'D?
e'D, e'da<m, eaZm`
a[ e'd?
a[ e'D, e'da<m, eaZm`
e'd H, e'd<H? (\-y? tH-udk <H-y)
e'D, e'da<m, eaZm`
e'd<m, eZm?
e'D[d, e'Dbd`
e'd<m, eZm?
e'De`H
e'd<m, eZm?
e'D[,d e'Db`d
e'd<m, eZm?
e'De`H
e'd<m, eZm,(tm'dawm jo p-Y p]zifh oRd H-udk tm-y? ponf) e'd<,H eZ?H
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
87
te'g'do'NgwkdhwGif-
ykxo
k 'Ngaemif T ypPn:f ouf? jooa\ p-okwYf po'Ng ]zifh O-ukd t0yvi-f
ykx0D?
e'Do`k
|kyw
f u
G -f
eaZm-udk e'D-wnf? a<m-ouf? rmwkvm'De-paomokwfY tmewW-o'Ng]zifh a<m
0dbwfiS hf wuG e'D-> 'D-udk aZm-y? eaZm-yD:>`
wpfenf:-eaZm-udk e'D-wnf? a<m-ouf? wawm a<mearm wk-Y wk-]zifh a<mudk jo- y? y-trnfrn
S ?hf yon p-]zifh <-y? 'f-<-odu
hk yf? <0wH-paomokw]f zifh 's-udk
Z-y? Z-> o'doa'Gabmf Z-vm? eaZm-yD:>`
eZm-udk e'D-wnf? em-ouf? rmwkvm'De-paomokwfY tmewW-o'Ng]zifh em0dbwf
Siw
hf uG e'D-> 'D-udk Zm-y? eZm-yD:>`
wpfenf:- eZm-udk e'D-wnf? em-ouf? tm yawm-[laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh em-udk
tm-y? y-trnfrn
S ?hf yon p-]zifh <-y? 'f-<-odu
hk yf? <0wH-paomokw]f zifh 's-udk Z-y?
a'Gabmfaqmif? uyf? eZm-yD:>` (o-0dbwf]zifh eZm-wl)
oRm, oRd H-wkdhY trmyawm oRd o
H mR eH 0g-]zifh tm, tH-y? yon p-]zifh <-y? 'f- <odu
hk yf? <0wH- ponf]zifh 's-udk Z-y? a'Gabmfaqmif? eZm, eZ-H yD:>`
eaZmponfY a<m, em, o, oRm, oRd w
H u
hdk dk jo,tm,tH-y? yon p-]zifh T ukd <y? <0wHpaomokw]f zifh 's-ukd Z y? a'GabmfaqmifI yD:aomfvnf: vG<u
f al om|kyf yD:ykH wpfrsK:d udk
]y]cif:iSg tmewWo'Ng]zifh pD\ifonf`
|kyw
f u
G -f
rmwkvmeD-Y? rmwkv-wnf? e'g'dawm 0g T-]zifh T-ouf?(rmwkv+T) rmwkvm
'DermewWru
D ma\- ]zifh rmwkv-> tqk:H t-udk tme-y? emrfi?hJ od-ouf? acs`
88
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
240` ywdbu
d KQ \mZDum\a[d eD`
ywd, bduKQ , \mZ, T-um\ o'Ngwdahk emif eD ypPn:f ouf`
vku
d v
f maom 0go'Ng]zifh ayguQ\ ponfaemifvnf: eD-ypPn:f ouf`
* Tum\? ayguQ\i?hf \mZ,ywd? bduKQ >aemuf? eDa\muf? xGe:f awmuf
wMdvdif`
89
91` ywddedrSd`
eD ypPn:f ajumihf ywdo'Ng> tqH:k -ukd t-y`
* eDaSmif:bd? yk'f ywd? qkH: t-ty`
}[ywmeD` bduKQ eD(o&avmayg- wk jrpf? 0gya&mtolyg-jzifh aemufo&acs) \mZde`D
-um&E o'gww
Ydk iG f 'de,D [wMed ,D ar"m0de,D wyde,D yd<bmEdeD ponf`
aygu& H t tww
D d aygu& -D [laom o'gaemif eD-oufvif (aygu& +D eD) cGi;f
acs uyf? aygu& ed -D jzpfaomtcg awok0'k -d paomokw]f zifh -ukd t-y? e-ukd E-y`
* ayguQ\-D aemuf? eDa\mufr?l razguf, t? e-ukd E? y\ awok0'k `f
ayguQ\ED?
]zpf>`
}p-ponfaemif e'g'dawm 0g T-]zifh T ypPnf:oufvif}pwD,( K iJh ) }p,D r[wD, r[D ponf`
|kyw
f u
G -f
}[ywmeD-udk }[ywd-wnf? eD-ypPn:f ouf? ywded rD -dS ]zifh t-y? 0g ya\m to|lyg]zifh aemuf -o\udk acs? ykaAm p-]zifh 'DCy? emrfiJh? od-ouf, acs? }[ywmeD-yD:>`
ayguQ\anm-udk ayguQ\D-wnf? eD-ypPnf:ouf? awok 0k'd-paom okwf]zifh -udk
t-yI e-udk E-y? emrfiJh? a<m-ouf? wawm a<mearmwk-Y wk-]zifh a<m-udk jo-y?
(ayguQ\ED+jo) y-trnfrSnhf? yon p-]zifh <-y? (ayguQ\Ef+<+jo) E, <-odkhuyf? (ayguQ\+Esf+jo)
<0wH-paomokwYf um\-yd]k zifh Es-udk -y? (ayguQ\++jo) , jo-odu
hk yf? (ayguQ\a) a'Gabmfy?
ayguQ\anm-yD:>`
90
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
wMv
d id f Oum\
wMv
d id f ODum\
<m}k?
a[ <m}k?
<m}k?H
<m}k<m?
<m}k<m?
<m}k<m?
<m}k<m?
<m}k<m, <m}k<?H
"mwk, a"k, umok, ''NL, upK,
<m}l, <m}ka<m`
a[ <m}l, <m}ka<m`
<m}l, <m}ka<m`
<m}l[,d <m}lb,d <m}k[,d <m}kb`d
<m}le,H <m}ke`H
<m}l[,d <m}lb,d <m}k[,d <m}kb`d
<m}le,H <m}ke`H
<m}lo,k <m}ko`k
\ZK, ua\Ek, yd<}F,k ok-ponfwv
hkd nf: enf:wl`
rmwk-o'NgY-rmwm?
rmwa\m`
abmwd rmw, rmwm?
abmwda<m rmwa\m`
rmw\H?
rmwa\, rmwa\m`
rmw\m, rmwk<m, rwsm? (rmwk<m-[kyD:aomtcg awok0'k d paomokw]f zifh O-acs? \y)
* <m-aSmif: rmwk? tqk:H O-rSm? aus aysmuf\m? a\Stm \y`
rmwa\[d, bd? rmwl[,d bd?
rmwk[,d bd`
rmwk, rmwk, rmwk<m, rwsm?
rmw\meH, rmwmeH, rmwle,H rmwke`H
rmw\m, rmwk<m, rwsm?
rmwa\[d, bd? rmwl[,d bd? rmwk[,d bd`
rmwk, rmwk, rmwk<m, rwsm?
rmw\meH, rmwmeH, rmwle,H rmwke`H
rmw\d, rmwk<m, rwsm, rmwk<,H rws?H rmwa\ok, rmwlo,k rmwko`k
(rmwk<-H [kyD:aomtcg awok0'k d paomokw]f zifh O-acs? \y)
"Dwm, 'k[w
d m-ponfenf:wl`
wMv
d id f Oum\yD:>`
91
ZrL?
ZrL, ZrKa<m`
a[ ZrK?
a[ ZrL, ZrKa<m`
ZrK?H
ZrL, ZrKa<m`
ZrK<m
ZrL[d, ZrLbd`
ZrK<m
ZrLeH`
ZrK<m
ZrL[d, ZrLbd`
ZrK<m
ZrLeH`
ZrK<m, ZrK<H? ZrLok` (wMDo'NgSifh wl)
{0H 0"l p o\bl? o\Al okwl prl`
0grl|l em}emol|?l ormed cvk ZrK<m`
wMv
d id f ODum\yD:>`
wMv
d id f joum\
wMdvdif joum\o'Ngum:- a}go'Ngwnf:` ykvid f a}go'NgSihf |kyf yD:ykw
H >
l `
y'rmvmxl;aom wdvdif o'grsm;tm-um&EtwGu-f unm? trm/ -um&EtwGu-f &wd
-um&EtwGu-f w?D e'D? rmwkvmeD? bduK e?D aygu& PD ponf/
O-um&EtwGu-f ,m*k? rmwm/ OD-um&EtwGu-f ZrL/ Moum&EtwGu-f
a*g/
unm.rm &w.d wD e'D? rmwkvmeD p bduK e/D
aygu& PD ,m*k rmwm? ZrL a*g.wd xd,H urm/
wMv
d id f yD:>`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
92
wdv}d o
F Aemrf
vdit
f m:vk:H wd>
hk emrfrsm:]zpfaomajumifh oAemrfrnfonf? xdo
k Aemrfwo
hkd nfoA, uw\, uwr, Ob<, w\, tn, tnw\, tnwr,
ykA, y\, ty\, 'uQE
d , OwW\, t"\, <, w, {w, r, trk, ud ,H
{u, Ob, 'G,d wd, pwk, wkr,S trS-tm:]zifh oAemrf 27-yk'f (yOPxnfhvsif28-yk'f]zpf>)`
oAH uw\H uwrH? Ob<H w\.n p`
tnw\H tnwrH? ykAH y\m.y\rd p`
'uQE
d .k wW\."\H <H wH? {wd.rH.rk ud.aru p`
ObH 'dG wd pwk wkr?S trSd owW0o
D wd`
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94
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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95
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f u
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abmwd oaA-udk oAm-wnf? tmvkyf od-ouf? }-trnfrn
S ?hf tm-udk C-trnfrn
S ?hf
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f tm, {-ty wm:]rpf
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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tm<, em<, wm<?
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em<, wm<?
em[d, embd, wm[d, wmbd`
wdm, wm, em, tm,
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100
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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101
p o'Ng ]y<k}fwdkwGif-
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f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
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d wf oH om-tywkahd jumifh {wm, rm-o'Ngwk>
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{wd,H {wm<H?
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k id f r-udk t<H-y`
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H um<H odr-dS ]zifh r-ukd t<H-y? od-acs`
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
102
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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103
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tH, rd,H tm, rdm, rm<H? rmok`
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h m`
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d m {u0kp,f A[k0pk f 2-rsK:d vk:H 0dbwfiS w
hf uG r, {wwdk ukd {eH-y`
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d m? 0d-yg {eH {wdr `
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|kyw
f u
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hf uG r-ukd {eH-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
104
trk o'Ngy'rmvm
173` trk arm oH`
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tok?
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trk?H
trl`
trkem?
trl[,d trlb,d trk[,d trkb`d
130` trkm'kH`
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f Yhkd vnf: t'k-H y`
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
105
wMv
d id Yf -
tok?
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trl, trka<m`
trl[,d trlb`d
trlo,H trlomeH`
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trlo,H trlomeH`
trlo`k
(uif:yvk id f iS whf )l
|kyw
f u
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|kyw
f u
G -f
tok-udk trk-wnf? od-ouf? trk arm oH-]zifh o-y? od-acs`
trl-Y v-aemif a<m-acs? 'DC-y`
t'k-H Y v-aemifrS tH-0dbwfudk ed[dwf y`
t'k-udk trk-wnf? o-ouf? trkm'k-H [laom 0dem"dum\a<m}0dbm}]zifh t'k-H
y? AsOa e p-]zifh ed[dwu
f akd cs? o-vm`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
106
ud o
H 'Ng y'rmvm
229` aoaook p`
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uif:aom 0dbwfwahdk jumifh (|l-tvk)d ud -H o'Ngudk u-y`
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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107
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G -f
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a<m-udk ed-y? a<mok uw-paomokw]f zifh 'DCy`
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f kd acs? -trnf
rSn?hf tHarm ed[DwH vay[d-]zifh tH-udk ed[dwf y`
um-udk ud -H wnf? od-ouf? od-aSmif:]cif:ajumifh aoaook p-]zifh u-y? wM<
d rawm
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
108
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
109
|kyw
f u
G -f
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-y? oHomaoGu0paeok p-]zifh o-vm`
Oabm-udk Ob-wnf? a<m-ouf? wawm a<mearm wk-Y wk-o'Ng]zifh a<m-udk joy`
(Oab-Y oAemrum\aw yxarm-]zifh {-y)
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hf uG 'G-d ukd a'G-y`
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hf uG 'G-d ukd 'ka0-y`
110
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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d id f pwk->tqk:H O-udk t-y`
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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wMdvdifY- wdam? wdam? wD[,d wDb,d wd[,d wdb?d wdH, wD[,d wDb?d wd[,d
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pwk-o'Ng ykvid Yf -pwWma\m?
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pwka\m? pwWma\m, pwka\m? pwl[,d pwlb,d pwk[,d pwkb,d pwk AB?d (b-> to'do
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111
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f u
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pwH-Y aemp 'Gg'dawm eHrSd-Y p-]zifh H-vm? yOPm'DerwWH-Y twWH-[laom
bm0eda'No]zifh wpfenf:- awok 0k'-d paomokw]f zifh O-udk t-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
112
tvd}F oAemrf
wkr+S od? trS+od140` wGr[H odrSd p`
od-0dbwfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
fh uG wkr-S ukd wG-H y? trS- ukd t[H-y`
po'Ng]zifh wkr-S udk wk0-H y? trS-udk t[uH-y`
* wkr,S tr?S od-aSmif:url? wuG wk0?H wG,H t[H? t[uH-vnf:y`
wG,H wk0,H t[H, t[uH? wkarS?
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
113
162` 0g a<myxarm`
wkr,S trS -o'NgaSmifrS 'kw<
d ma<m0dbwfudk tmuH-y`
* wkrS,trS? aemufrS oufaom? 'k-a<mSifh eH? y tmuH? o,eH tHvnf:y`
wkr,S trS-aemif 'kw<
d m a<m Sihf eH-udk tmuH-y? o, eH-wdu
hk kd tH-vnf:y`
wkrmS uH, trSmuH, wkarS, tarS? taoR`
145` emrSd w<m r<m`
em0dbwfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG wkr-S ukd w<m? trS-ukd r<m-y`
* wkr,S trS? em-aSmif:u? wuG w<m,r<m y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
114
148` awaru0paeok p`
pwkw,DM qD {u0kp0f b
d wfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG wkr-S udk aw, trS-udk ar-y`
* wkr,S trS? yk'af emifus? wuG aw, ar em, o-aSmif:`
yk'af emif wkr,S trSwu
hdk dk em,o-0dbwfwhdk iS w
hf uG aw, ar-y`
''grd aw }gr0\med yOP? ''g[d ar }gr0\H?
'H aw \H? t<H ar ykawWm`
149` e tHrSd`
tH-0dbwfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG yk'af emifrS wkr-S ukd aw, trS-ukd ar-ry\`
ya<s wH 0owH tma\m}s?H aom rH t]A0d`
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f u
G -f
wG<-d udk wkr-S wnf? oRd -H ouf? wkrrS mS uH w<d r<d-]zifh 0dbwfiS hf wuG wkr-S udk w<dy? w<m w<De-H paomokw]f zifh w<d-> w-udk wG-y`
toRmuH-Y trS+eH? awok 0k']d zifh trS-ukd toR-y? wkraS rS[d ermuH]zihf eH-ukd tmuHy? cGif:, acs, uyf`
oRm-]zifh w<m, r<m-Y oRm-ukd emukd uJo
h ihdk `hJ
115
150` 0g wwda< p`
wwd<m{u0kp0f b
d wfajumifh 0dbwfiS w
hf uG yk'af emifrS wkr-S ukd aw, trS-ukd
ar-y`
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
tvd}F ocsFmoAemrf
yOPtp,tm\otqk:H \Sad om ocsmF o'Ngwkhd i hf uwdo'Ngwko
hd nf tvdi]f zpfaom
ajumifh vdif 3-yg:Y |kyw
f >
l ? tvdi]f zpfaomajumifyh if yOPponfaemif wMyd pPn:f rouf\`
* yOPm'd Si?hf uwd-o'N? tvd}aF jumif?h wlr |kyaf e? wdvad }F? a|Smifav wMyd pP<`
116
y'rmvm t]ynfhtpkH
wkr-S o'Ngy
'k
w
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wG,H wk0?H
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w<m, wG<m, aw?
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w<m, wG<m?
w0, wk<,SH wkr,HS aw?
w<d, wG<?d
t[H?
rH,rrH?
r<m,ar?
rr,r<S,H trS,H rrH,ar?
r<m?
rr,r<S,H trS,H rrH,ar?
r<d?
wkarS, a0g`
wkarS, wkrmS uH, a0g`
wkarS[,d wkarSb,d a0g`
wkrmS uH, wkr,HS a0g`
wkarS[,d wkarSb`d
wkrmS uH, wkr,HS a0g`
wkarSo`k
tvd}o
F AemrfiS hf oAemrf 27-yk'v
f :Hk yD:yD`
117
134` yOPm'Deruma\m`
a<m0dbwfajumifh yOP-paomo'Ngwk>
hd tqk:H t-ukd 0dbwfiS hf wuG t-xyfy`
* yOP, p]zm? a<m-aSmif:\mY? a<m-yg t-y? eH,[d,ok? aSmif:r t-ukd t`
yOP? yOP`
90` yOPm'DerwWH`
ok, eH, [d -wkahd jumifh yOPponfw>
hdk tqk:H t-ukd t-xyfy`
twW-H [laom bm0eda'Noajumifh pwk-> tqk:H O-udk t-y? -a'Gabmf
vnf:vm` (upPnf:)
* twW-H bm0? eda'Noajumif?h a'G -vmr? pwk-O? t-y xDrmS eH-aSmif:\m`
yOP[,d yOPb,d yOP,H yOP[,d yOPb,d yOP,H yOPo`k
(q, owW, t, e0, 'o o'Ngwdv
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t|Siw
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* ocsmF 'G-d rSm? 'd, a'g, Am? wpf]zm 'k, a'G, y 'ka0`
'G-d ocsmF o'Ngudk 'd, a'g, Am, 'k, a'G-y`(a'G-ty qdkyD: aomfvnf: 'dG-um\d< pkHatmif xyfI qdkonf)
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118
119
120
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
121
122
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
249` jwx owWr<
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<jw, <wM, wjw, wwM, oAjw, oAw`M
250` oAawm "d`
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D eufY oufonf`
oA"`d
231` oAawmuma\m 0g`
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tawm, twM` (a'Gabmfy)
233` { awmaxok p`
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S `hf
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S `hf
{awWm, {wM-udk {w-wnf? awm, x-ypPn:f ouf? { awm axok p-]zifh {w-udk {-y?
a'Gabmfaqmif? 0dbwf trnfrn
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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123
124
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
252` [d H[H [dOPeH`
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228` uk [d H[Hok p`
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S `hf
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S `hf
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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125
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
126
t|Siw
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127
Oyom\, edygwfy'k f
221` oAmorm0kaomyoedygwm'D[d p`
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ajumif: odapvdI
kd tm0kaom-udk oD:]cm:qdo
k nf`
* Oyom, edygwf? wpf\yf tm0kaom? p-aom aemufbuf? 0dbwfouf? acszsuf
tm:vk:H uke`f
Oyom\-20
y, y\m, ed, eD, O, 'k, oH, 0d, t0, tk, y\d, t"d, tbd, ywd, ok, tm, twd, tyd,
ty, Oy-tm:]zihf Oyom\yk'f 20-|So
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128
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
edygwfy'k f
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f `
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hf OS af om 0dbwW<
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k eW yd gwf, 0dbwfiS hf r<SOaf om 0dbwWd
t<kwW edygwf[k 2-rsK:d ]ym:onf`
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k ?W t<kw?W Sp0f edygwfrsKd :`
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rSwjf u tmreeuf`
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F f yxrm`
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F M yxrm0dbwfausonf`
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129
---------
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
130
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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131
tmcsmwf0dbwf 8-oG,f
y&yk'f 6-vHk;pD (48)
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132
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
bl0g'd}E
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1` wnfxm:]cif:?
4` "mwGefacs]cif:?
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3` "mwftrnfrSnhf]cif:?
6` ypPnf:ouf]cif:?
paom TtpDt\ifrsm: tpOftwkid :f yvky\f onf`
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bl-o'Ngwnf?
bl-owWm<H? (xif|mS :]zpf]cif:Y? 0wWaw- ]zpf>? wd tawM- TteufY)
457` bl0gwa<m "mwa0g`
bl-paom o'Ngwku
hd kd "mwftrnfrn
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wd, td-paom 12-vk:H wko
hd nf 0wWrmefrnfuek >
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*
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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133
134
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
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135
445` bl0g'dawm t`
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S ?hf "mwGerf acsap\? 0wWrmem ypPKya]zifh 0wWrmef td-0dbwfouf? (bl+td) bl0g'dawm t-]zifh t-ypPn:f ouf? (bl+t+td) bcGif:? OD-uif:? tanok p-]zifh OD-udk jo-0k'dy? jo t0oa\-]zihf jo-ukd t0f-y? o\avmaygpaomokwf]zifh? a|S t-o\udkacs? uyf? b0d-yD:>` (od, x-0dbwf]zifh b0od, b0x)
b0grd-udk bl-o'Ngwnf? bl-owWm<H? "mwftrnfrSnfh, "mwGefracsap\? 0wWrmem
ypPKya-]zifh rd-0dbwfouf?(bl+rd) bl0g'dawm t-]zifh t-ypPn:f ouf? (bl+t+rd) tanok p]zifh OD-udk jo-0k'd y? jo t0 oa\-]zifh jo-ukd t0-y? tuma\m 'DCH [drad rok-]zifh t-udk
tm-'DCy? bf- t-odhk uyf, 0f tm-odu
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136
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uHa[mtmcsmwfyk'f
* bl, [l, od, Xm? ponfrmS ? Avm uHr|S`d
bl, [l, od, Xm-paom "mwfwo
hkd nf uHr|Sad om turRu"mwfww
hkd nf:? uHr|Sad om
"mwfukd uH|"dS mwfyvkyv
f v
kd if Oyom\Sihf <SOw
f aJG y:\onf`
* uHrhJ "mwfu?dk uH|v
dS ?dk "mwfudk O,<SOw
f `JG
440` bm0uarRok a<m`
abm, uHa[m 0dbwfaSmif:\mY "mwfaemif <-ypPn:f ouf`
* abm, uH0b
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(bk\m:juD:)
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a\-y`
abm}g tlb<
l a\ `
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dS nf? tcsKd t\mY twWaem
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f kd y\yk'f ]yefxm:aom y\yk'f twkrsm:vnf: |Sw
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t|Siw
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yOPr0D b
d wf
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wk, tK-paom 12-vk:H wko
hd nf yOPr0D b
d wfrnfuek >
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W mav yOPr`D
tmEwW,d tmod-teufY teD:Yqdt
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d wfouf`
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orKpe, ywMem-teufwYhkd vnf: yOPr0D b
d wfouf`
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orK p, ywMem? eufrsm:rSm? oufygyOPr`D
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f u
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l aw-um: yD:>`
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l a-Y ta-ouf? <-cGi:f , acs, uyf`
tkb<
l marS-Y arS-ouf? <-cGi:f , t-uif:? tuma\m 'DCH [drad rok-]zifh tm'DCy`
tkb<
l a\-ukd tk-a\S:\Sad om bl-wnf? bl-owWm<H? "mwftrnfrn
S ?hf "mwGef racsap\?
ta-ouf? bm0uarRok a<m-]zifh <-ouf? (tk+bl+<+ta)? uGpd "mwk-paom okwf uD:]zifh
ta-ukd a\-y? tkb<
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
140
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d wf
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d wfrnfuek >
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d wfouf`
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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OD-ukd jo-0k'd y? jo t0 oa\-]zifh jo-ukd t0f-y? acs, uyf? ba0<s-yD:>`
(okwf uD:]zifh {<s-ukd {-yvif ba0-yD:>`)
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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143
144
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uif:aom 0wWrmef, yOPr,D owWrD 0dbwf 3-rsK:d ajumifh t, 2-rsK:d vk:H rvm`
-vm\mY Asn:f tp-ygaom 0dbwfaSmif:\mYom vmonf`
t|Siw
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145
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146
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147
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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t|Siw
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(tcsKd t
h \mY <-a'Gabmfaqmif? a'Gabmfaqmifvif rsm:aomtm:]zifh -vm)
* <->a|SrmS ? , T-vm? \Hcg <-a'Gabmf`
tkAbl0<
D w
d ,M tkAbl0<
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tkAbl0D<dwM-Y tkykA bl-wnf? twWaemyk'f wM-ouf? <-ypPnf:ouf? (tk+
bl+<+wM) bl-"mwf> tp bl-udk blb-l [ka'Gabmfaqmif? a|S b
h -l udk tABmo trnfrn
S ?hf tABmo>
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0m}arm 0g-]zifh <-> a|S Yh T-vm? wM-> a|S Yh -vm? <-cGi:f , acs,uyf`
tkAbl0w
d -M Y twWaemyk'f wM-ouf? <-ypPn:f ouf? (tk+ bl+<+wM) bl-"mwf>
tp bl-udk blb-l [ka'Gabmfaqmif? a|S b
h -l udk tABmo trnfrn
S ?hf tABmo> tqk:H ]zpfaom OD-udk
t-y? tABmoY]zpfaom pwkwM b-udk wwd< A-y? bl-udk bl0-f y? uGp"d mwk-paomokw]f zifh
<-udk acs? wM-> a|S Yh -vm? <-cGi:f , acs, uyf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
150
tZweD
d wf
0b
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-T, OHK? jo, wM? H, rSm? tm, OD? ao, 0SH? tH, arS`
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d wfouf`
tb0D? b0D? tb0d, b0d? tb0H,k b0H`k
504` oAawm OKH Hok`
tvk:H pkaH om "mwfaemif OHK-0dbwfukd Ho-k y`
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t|Siw
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tGb0dw?M tkb0dwM -ponf]zifh pOfav`
b0dD0b
d wf
429` b0dD-wd, d? od, x? mrd, mr? aw, a?
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Htb0d H, b0d H?
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tm= t, wMtb0g, b0g? tb0, b0? tb0dw,M b0dw?M
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tb0d0,HS b0d0?SH
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tb0D-Y bl+T? OD-udk jo-0k'dy? jo-udk t0-y? "mwf>tpY t-vm`
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umvmwdywW0d b
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* rmSi<
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f ? [dO,f tZiS ?hf yOP, owWm? 0dav:]zm? umvm tm:vH:k \`
rm b0g? rm b0D? rm b0k? rm ba0<s`
ya\myk\o
d f
409` oaAoarumbd"mae ya\m yk\ad om
yk\o
d f pS yf g:ok:H yg: wpfaygif:wnf:qkv
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d `f
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f nf? uwWm: A[k0pk yf gviu
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aomp, wGpH , }po,d }px 0g?
aom p, t[H p, }pmrd, }pmr 0g?
wGH p, t[H p, }pmrd, }pmr 0g?
aom p, wGH p, t[H p, }pmrd, }pmr 0g?
aw p, wkarS p }px?
aw p, r<H p }pmr?
wkarS p, r<H p, }pmr?
aw p, wkarS p, r<H p, }pmr?
t[H p, wGH p, }pmrd, }pmr 0g?
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152
422` ud\<
d mwdya wDaw umvmwdywW`d
ud<mr]zpfbJ vGeI
f oGm:aom twdwu
f mvY umvmwdywd0W b
d wfouf`
pd\H bauQm tb0dm? oap aem 0d0'grao-paom tcsKd ht\m tem}wf
umvYvnf:ouf`
uGpd "mwk-paomokw]f zifh a-> tqk:H {-udk \Hcg t-y`
* umvmwdywf? wdw,f em}wf? Sp\f yf umvrSm`
* a-> {-rSm? \Hwpfcg? rSepf mG t-vnf:y`
tb0dm, b0dm? tb0d, b0d? tb0do
H ?k b0do
H ?k tb0da,
b0da? tb0d, b0d?({-udk t-y) tb0dx, b0dx? tb0d,H b0d?H
tb0dmrSm, b0dmrSm, tb0dmrS, b0dmrS? tb0dx, b0dx? tb
0do
d ,k b0do
d ?k tb0dao, b0dao? tb0da0S, b0da0S? tb0dd H
b0dd ?H tb0dmrSao, b0dmrSao`
urR|kyfpOf[efum:-tGb<
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d x? tGb<
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d o
d ,k tkb<
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d ?k
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d mrSao`
y\yk'f]yefvif- tGb<
l
d m, tkb<
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d m-ponf]zifh pOfav`
153
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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omrnbl0g'd"mwfrsm:
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ypwd? yap? ypd? ypod? ypx-ponf ---<tpDt\if
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"mwGef iS w
hf uG <-ypPn:f udk p-0}f, <-tuQ\m, 0-tuQ\my`
443` ykA|lyOP`
"mwfwahkd emifrS <-ypPn:f udk ykA| yk f y`
<-ypPn:f udk pD\if\mY1` "mwGef iS w
hf uG <-ypPn:f udk p0}f, <, 0- yaom tpDt\if?
2` <-ypPn:f udk ykA| yk f yaom tpDt\if[k 2-rsK:d |So
d nf`
xdk "mwGef iS hf wuG <-ypPn:f udk y\mY(u) "mwGeo
f nf p-0}f, w-0}f]zpfvif p-0}fy?
(c) "mwGeo
f nf \-]zpfvif <-y?
(}) "mwGeo
f nf 0-]zpfvif 0-y`
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pOfwikd :f rSw`f
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155
"mwfaemif <-ypPn:f udk ykA| yk f y\mY_ u-0}f, -0}f, y-0}f Sihf v, o-"mwGef
"mwfaemif <-ypPn:f udo
k m ykA| yk f y\rnf`
* u- 0}f , y? 0}fo:Hk 0 Si?hf v, oaemufrmS ? < 0ifvm? yyg ykA| yk `f
uHa[m
ypD<aw? ypD<a, ypD<a\?(uGpd "mwk-paom okw]f zifh ta-udk a\-y) ypD<ao-ponf`
-vm, <-a'Gabmfaqmifvif- ypd<saw? ypd<sa`
y\yk'f ]yefvif- ypd<sw,d ypd<s,d ponf`
<-ypPn:f udk p-0}fyvif-ypPaw? ypPa, ypPa\? ypPao? ypPa0S? yapP? ypPmarS`
y\yk'f]yefvif- ypPw?d ypP,d ypPa\-ponf`
vkd&if;csKyfum;- yp-ygau? ypwd? uar- ypD,aw? ypd,saw? ypaw/
yOPr0D b
d wf- ypwk, yap? ypK? ypm[d,yp? ypx? ypmrd, yap? ypmr? ypwH? ypH? ypk?
ypa0Sg? yap? ypmrao`
urR|yk -f ypD<wH? ypD<H? ypD<k? ypD<a0Sg? ypDa<? ypD<mrao`
y\yk']f yefvif- ypD<wk, ypDa<? ypD<K? ypD<m[d, ypD<? ypD<x? ypD<mrd, ypDa<?
ypD<mr`
-vm, <-a'Gabmfaqmifvif- ypd<sw,H ypd<s-H ponf?
y\yk']f yefvif- ypd<sw,k ypd<sK-ponf`
"mwGef iS w
hf uG <-udk p-0}fy, a'Gabmfaqmifvif- ypPw,H ypP-H ponf?
y\yk']f yefvif- ypPw,k ypPK-ponf`
|kyw
f u
G -f
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f u
G -f
ypwd-udk yp-wnf? yp-ygau? "mwftrnfrn
S ?hf "mwkam-paomokwf ]zifh "mwGef
t-udk acs? 0wWrmem ypPKya-]zihf wd-ouf? (ypf+wd) bl0g'awm t-]zifh t-ouf(ypf+t+wd)
pf- t-odkh uyf? ypwd-yD:>` wd-udk {-yvif yap? td-oufvif yp+t+td- ]zpfI acs,
uyf\rnf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
owWr0D b
d wf- yap<s, yap? yap<sK?H yap<smod, yap? yap<smx? yap<smrd,
yap? yap<smr? yapx? yap\H? yapaxm? yap<sma0Sg? yap<s,H yap? yap<smarS`
urR|kyf- ypDa<x, ypDa<\H? ypDa<axm? ypDa<<sma0Sg? ypDa<<s,H ypDa<?
ypDa<<smarS`
y\yk']f yefvif-f ypDa<<s, ypDa<? ypDa<<sK-H ponf`
-vm, <-a'Gabmfaqmifvif- ypda<sx, ypda<s\-H ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif-ypda<s<s, ypda<s<sKH ponf`
"mwGef iS w
hf uG <-udk p-0}fy, a'Gabmfaqmifvif-yapPx, yapP\-H ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- yapP<s, yapP<sK-H ponf`
[d<swWeD0dbwf- typm, ypm, typ, yp? typl, ypl, typk, ypk? tyapm, yapm, typd,
ypd, typ, yp? typwM, ypwM, typx, ypx? typH, ypH, typ, yp? typrSm, yprSm,
typrS, yprS,typkrmS , ypkrmS , typkr,S ypkr?S typwM, ypwM, typx, ypx? typwMK,H
ypwMK?H typao, ypao? typ0S,H yp0S?H typd ,H ypd ?H typrSao, yprSao`
urR|yk -f typD<wM, ypD<wM-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- typD<m, ypD<m, typD<, ypD<-ponf`
-vm, <-a'Gabmfaqmifvif- typd<sw,M ypd<sw,M typd<sx, ypd<sx-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- typd<sm, ypd<sm, typd<s, ypd<s-ponf`
"mwGef iS w
hf uG <-udk p-0}fy, a'Gabmfaqmifvif- typPw,M ypPw,M typPx, ypPxponf`
y\yk'f]yefvif- typPm, ypPm, typP, ypP-ponf`
tZweD
0dbwf
typD, ypD, typd, ypd? typk,H ypk,H typd o
H ,k ypd o
H ,k typHo,k ypHo?k tyapm,
yapm, typd, ypd, typ, yp? typdw,M ypdw,M typkw,M ypkw?M typd ,H ypd ?H typdrmS , ypdrmS ,
typdr,S ypdr,S typkrmS , ypkrmS , typkr,S ypkr?S typm, ypm, typ, yp, typdw,M ypdw?M
typl, ypl, typk, ypk? typdao, ypdao? typd0,HS ypd0?HS typH, ypH, typ, yp? typdarS,
ypdarS`
urR|kyf- typD<m, ypD<m, typD<, ypD<, typD<w
d ,M ypD<w
d -M ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- typD<,D ypD<,D typD<,d ypD<-d ponf`
-vm, <-a'Gabmfaqmifvif- typd<sm, ypd<sm, typd<s, ypd<s-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif-typd<s,D ypd<s,D typd<s,d ypd<s-d ponf`
"mwGef iS w
hf uG <-udk p-0}fy, a'Gabmfaqmifvif- typPm, ypPm, typP, ypP-ponf`
y\yk'f]yefvif- typP,D ypP,D typP,d ypP-d ponf`
156
ya\muQm0dbwf
yyp? yypk? yyap? yypdw?M yypH? yypdr?S yypdw?M yypda\? yypdawMm? yypda0Sg? yypd ?H
yypd aH rS`
urR|kyf- yypD<w
d ,M yypd<sw
d ,M yypPw
d -M ponf`
157
b0dD0b
d wf
ypdwd,ypdd, ypda\, ypdod, ypdx, ypdmrd, ypdmr,
ypdaw, ypda, ypda\, ypdao, ypda0S, ypd,H ypdmarS`
urR|kyf- ypD<
d aw, ypD<
d a, ypD<
d a\-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- ypD<
d wd, ypD<
d d, ypD<
d a\-ponf`
-vm, <-a'Gabmfaqmifvif- ypd<s
d aw, ypd<s
d a-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- ypd<s
d wd, ypd<s
d d-ponf`
"mwGef iS w
hf uG <-udk p-0}fy, a'Gabmfaqmifvif- ypP
d aw, ypP
d a-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- ypP
d wd, ypP
d d-ponf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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umvmwdywW0d b
d wf
typdm, ypdm, typd, ypd? typdHk, ypdHk? typda,
ypda, typd, ypd? typdx, ypdx? typd,H ypd?H typdmrSm, ypdm
rSm, typdmrS, ypdmrS? typdx, ypdx? typdo
d ,k ypdo
d ,k typdao,
ypdao? typda0S, ypda0S? typdd ,H ypdd ?H typdmrSao, ypdmrSao`
urR|kyf- typD<
d x, ypD<
d x, typD<
d o
d ,k ypD<
d o
d -k ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- typD<
d m, ypD<
d m, typD<
d , ypD<
d -ponf`
-vm, <-a'Gabmfaqmifvif- typd<s
d x, ypd<s
d x-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- typd<s
d m, ypd<s
d m-ponf`
"mwGefSifhwuG <-udk p-0}fy, a'Gabmfaqmifvif- typP
d x, ypP
d x-ponf`
y\yk']f yefvif- typP
d m, ypP
d m-ponf`
158
159
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f u
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avmyaOPwrW uma\m-]zifh t-ypPn:f udk {-y`
}ard-Y }rk-"mwfaemif td-0dbwfouf? t-ypPn:f ouf? t-ukd {-y? (}ar+td)
uGpd "mwk-paomokw]f zifh td-> t-udk acs`
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f u
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}pw-d Y }rk-}wdr?dS "mwfaemif wd-ouf? }rdam apm 0g oAmok]zifh "mwGef rf-udk
p-y? t-ypPn:f ouf? uyf? }pw-d yD:>`
}pa\-Y td-udk uGpd "mwk-paomokw]f zifh a\-y`
CrRw-d Y }rk-"mwf, t-ypPn:f , wd-0dbwf? }rd CrR-H ]zifh }rk-udk CrR-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
160
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
161
owWr0D b
d wf
}ar<s, }ar? }ar<sKH -ponf`
}ap<s, }ap? }ap<sKH , }pKH `
* {<sKH -0drmS ? OH \Hcgy? {<smrkiS ?hf {rk Sp0f ? {<smr? y\toD:oD:`
uGpd "mwk-]zifh {<sK-H 0dbwfudk \Hcg OH-y? {<smr-udk \Hcg {<smrk-y, {rk-y`
}ap<smr? }ap<smrk? }apr`k
CrR-yvif- CrR<
D aw? CrR<
D a-ponfiS hf CrR<
d saw? CrR<
d sa-ponf`
443` ykA|lyOP
u-0}f, -0}f, y-0}fiS hf <, v, o-qk:H aom "mwfaemif <-udk ykA| yk f y`
(ykA| yk [
f o
l nf <-udk a|S t
h uQ\mSiw
hf al tmif y]cif:wnf:)
* u-0}f , y? 0}fo:Hk 0 Si?hf v, o-aemufrmS ? <-0ifvm? yyg ykA| yk `f
}rRaw? }rRa, }rRa\-ponf`
vk&d if;csKyu
f m;- *rk-*wdr?dS *arwd *pwd Crw?d uar- *rD,aw
*rd,saw *pD,aw *pd,saw CrD,aw Crd,saw *raw/
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f u
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}p<
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D wd`
}rRaw-Y }rf+<+aw-]zpfaomtcg ykA\ yl OP-]zifh <-ukd ykA\ yk f r-y? (}rf+r+aw) rf, r
-oku
hd yf? }rRaw-yD:>? ta-udk a\-yvif }rRa\-yD:>`
ya\muQm0dbwf
462` u0 p0ag`
tABmoY ]zpfaom u-0}fudk p-0}fy`
Z}r, Z}gr? Z}rk? Z}ar? Z}rdw?M Z}rH? Z}rdr?S Z}rdw?M Z}rda\? Z}rdawMm? Z}rda0Sg?
Z}rd ?H Z}rdarS`
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f u
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}pK-H Y }rk-"mwf, t-ypPn:f , {<sK-H 0dbwf? "mwGef rf-udk p-f y? uGpd "mwk-]zifh {<sK-H udk
OH-y? acs, uyf`
}ap<smrk, }apr-k wdYhk uGpd "mwk-paomokw]f zifh {<smr-udk {<smrk-y, {rk-y`
Z}r-Y }rk-"mwfaemif ya\muQm t-0dbufouf? uGpm'd0mearu\meH a'Gbma0g]zifh }rk-"mwf> tp }-ukd } }-[k a'Gabmfy? tABmotrnfrn
S ?hf u0 p0ag-]zifh }-ukd Zy? rf, t-oku
hd yf? Z}r-yD:>`
Z}gr-Y uGpd "mwk-]zifh }-> t-ukd tm-'DCy`
rSwcf suf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
162
tZweD
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
163
164
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
<rk-Oy\ar (juOfa|Smif]cif:)
ed-a|S:|Srd -l ed<pw?d ed<p?d ed<rwd? ed<rd?
oH-a|S:|Srd -l onrwd? onrd?
ed<p<
D aw? ed<rD<aw? ed<rRaw? (ykA| yk f y) onrD<aw?
tmo- Oya0oae (uyf0if]cif:=ae]cif:)
tpw?d tp?d (tam apm 0g-[laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh p-y? uGpd "mwk]zifh
\y)? tmowd? tmod?
Oy-a\S:\Sv
d if Oygowd? Oygod?
y\d-a\S:, Oy-a\S:\Sv
d if y<d|yk gowd? y<d|yk god?
* \->aemufrmS ? <-0ifvm? \Hcg a|Saemuf]yef`
OygoD<aw? y<d|yk goD<aw?
tp?D tmoD? OygoD? y<d|yk goD`
vb- vmab (\]cif:)
vbwd? vbd?
vbD<aw? vABaw`
rSwcf su`f ` "edw]zpfaom 'kw<
d uQ\m Spv
f :Hk aomfvnf:aumif:, pwkwu
M \Q m Spv
f :Hk
aomfvnf:aumif: wpfqufwnf:\Sad evif a|Swpfv:Hk udk yxr (okrhd [kw)f wwd<uQ\m
a]ymif:ay:\rnf`
* "edwSp]f zm? qufwu
dk v
f m? a\Srh mS odxd a]ymif:`
|kyw
f u
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onrwd-Y oH+<rf+t+wd-[k]zpfaomtcg oa< p-]zifh ed[dwfudk <-Sifh wuG
-y? a'Gabmfaqmif`
y<d|kygowd-Y <0r'epaomokwf]zifh <-vmI y\d<kygowd-[k]zpfaomtcg a'g
" p-okwYf p-o'Ng]zifh \-Sihf <-a|Saemuf]yef`
v ABaw-Y vbf+<+aw-[k]zpfaomtcg ykA\ yk f y? uGpd "mwk-]zifh "mwGef b-udk Ay`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
165
tvbD, vbD`
497` vboRm THeH wMw`HM
vb-aemifrS T-ukd wM-y? H-ukd wM-H yI "mwGef bf-ukv
d nf:acs`
* vb, aemuf|?dS T, H-0d? ybd wM, wMH acs"mwGe`f (wM, wMH -udk x,xH-[kzwf)
tvwM? tvbk,H vbk?H tvbd o
H ,k vbd o
H ,k tvbHo,k vbHo?k tvabm,
vabm, tvbd, vbd, tvb, vb? tvbdw,M vbdw,M tvbkw,M vbkw?M tvbd ,H
vbd ?H tvwM,H vwM?H tvbdrmS , vbdrmS , tvbdr,S vbdr-S ponf`
b0dD0b
d wf
vbdwd? vbdd-ponf`
481` u\ oypP< uma[m`
b0dD-0dbwfajumifh b0dD-0dbwfwnf:[laom ypPn:f Siw
hf uG u\"mwfukd um[f-y? -udv
k nf: tcsKd ah cs`
oypP<-o'Ngyd]k zifh vb, 0o, qd'-paom "mwfaemif -udk q-y? 0p, rkp,
bkZ-paom"mwfaemif -udk c-y`
* vb, 0o? qd', p,aemuf? -a'G a\muf? razmuf -rSm q-y\m`
* 0p, rkp? bkZ-p-aemuf? -a'G a\muf? razmuf -rSm c-y\m`
|kyw
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tvwM, tvwMH-Y vbf+T, vbf+H-[k]zpfaomtcg vboRm THeH wMwMH-]zifh
T-udk wM-y? H-udk wM-H yI "mwGef bf-udv
k nf:acs? "mwf> tpY t-vm`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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apm qypPa<ok p`
q-ypPn:f ajumifh "mwGeAf sn:f udk p-y`
* c-q-aSmif:u? "mwG W? u-p-pOfwikd :f y`
aum ac p-]zifh c-aSmif:vif "mwGeAf sn:f udk u-y? AsOe apm qypaP <ok
p-]zifh "mwGeAf sn:f udk p-y`
vpw?d vp,d vpa\-ponf`
vkd&if;csKyfum;- vb-vmab? vbwd? uar- vbD,aw vAaw/
[d<swWe-D t0pm? t0pl? t0apm, t0pd, t0p? (jo-udk , t-y) t0pwM, t0pkw?M
t0pH? t0prSm? t0pkrmS `
- t0pD? t0pH?k t0pd o
tZweD
H ?k t0pHo?k t0apm? t0pdw?M t0pkw?M t0pd ?H
t0pdrmS ? t0pm-ponf`
166
0p-0d<wW<
d H 0gpm<H (yD]yifxif|mS :aom pum:Y)
0pwd? 0pd?
urR|kyf487` 0p 0o 0[m'De rkuma\m 0 a<`
abm, uH <-ypPn:f aSmif:\mY 0p, 0o, 0[-ponfw>
hkd 0-> tqk:H t-udk
O-y? tcsKd h 0p-> 0-udv
k nf: O-y`
* abm, uHY <? aSmif:avurl? 0p, 0o? 0[ p,]zm? 0-Yygonf?h t-rSm O-y?
0, vnf: O? rSwf | 0prSm`
0pD<aw? 0kpaP w? 0kpaP ? 0kpaP \`
OpPaw? OpPa, OpPa\-ponf`
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f u
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vpwd-Y vbf+wd? oypP<o'Ngydk]zihf 0dbwf - udk q-y? AsOe apm
qypPa<ok p-]zifh "mwGef b-udk p-y`
vpa\-Y vpd-[k ]zpfaomtcg uGpd "mwk-paomokwf]zifh d-udk a\-y`
0kpaP w-Y 0pf+<+aw-[k]zpfaomtcg 0p0o-paomokw]f zifh 0-> t-udk O-y? w
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223
224
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225
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odam-Y (omo+Es) um|dw
k if ?hJ E-tkAefacs? uGpd "mwk-]zifh tmudk -y? <-udk
ykA| yk f y` (wpfenf: )<0wH-Y um\-]zifh os-ukd o-y? a'Gabmfaqmif`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
226
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
227
|kyw
f u
G -f
0gus-H Y 0pf+Es? um|kw
d rf n
S ?hf E-tkAefacs? 0k'd y? "mwGef p-udk u-y? u <-oku
hd yf`
ap<s-H Y pd+Es? 0k'd y? <a'Gabmfaqmif`
0dedpdwAH-Y 0d+ed+pd+wA? a'g " p-Y p-]zifh p-ukd q-y? to'do a'Gabmfaqmif`
0depd ed w
d A-H Y? ud<m'd em-ouf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
228
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
229
r'-OrRma'? (|l:oGyf]cif:Y)
rZaw taeemwd r'dwA?H r'eD<?H rZ`H
}'-0d<wW<
d H 0gpm<H?(yD]yifxif\mS :aom pum:Y) }Zawwd }'dwA?H }'eD<?H }Z?H (pk<d 0gus)H
y'-}wdr?dS (}wdteufY)
yZawwd y'dwA?H y'eD<?H yZ?H (}gxm)
cg'-buQaE? (pm:]cif:Y)
cZawwd cg'dwA?H cg'eD<?H cZ`H
}rk-}wdr?dS (}wdteufY)
}p<
D awwd }rR`H
'rk-'rae? (qkH:r]ciff:Y)
'rRawwd 'rdwaAm? 'reDa<m? 'arRm`
<kZ-a<ma}? (<SO]f cif:Y)
<kZa wwd a<mH? a<mZ?H
578` bkZm'Deram aem 'Gd p`
w-ypPn:f ajumihb
f Zk -tp|Sad om"mwfw>
hkd "mwGeu
f akd csI w-udk a'Gabmfaqmif`
bkZ-ygve buQEm'Do?k (apmif]h cif:, pm:]cif: ponfwYhkd )
bkZa wwd abmwWA?H abmZeD<?H bkOw
d A?H bkOe <
D ?H abm*H? abmZH/
|kyw
f u
G -f
rZ,H }Z,H yZ,H cZ-H Y "mwGef iS hf wuG Es-ukd Z-y? cZ-H Y \y`
}rR,H 'arRm-Y "mwGef rf-Siw
hf uG Es-udk rR-y`
a<mH-Y <kZ+f Es? um|kw
d if ?hJ 0k'd y? "mwGef iS w
hf uG Es-udk -]yK`
a<mZ-H Y (<kZ+Es) um|dw
k if ?hJ E-tkAefacs? 0k'd y? (a<mZf+<) w p0-paom
okw]f zifh p-0}fy? a'Gabmfaqmif`
abmwWA-H Y 0k'd y? bkZm'Deram aem 'Gd p-]zifh "mwGeaf csI w-ukd a'Gabmfaqmif`
bkOw
d A-H Y |k"m'dawm ed[DwykAO - [laom 0dem"dum\ a<m}0dbm}]zifh |k"m'd t-ypPn:f
oufI a|S Yh ed[dwv
f m? 0y? -vm-ponf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
230
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
231
* oum\dw? "mwfaemifryS if? pD\if <k, EGK? awG]rifra jumif?h "mwkypPn:f ? aemuf
wGiv
f nf:? ypPn:f udp,P udw`f
udp,P udwypPn:f wko
hd nf |k:d |k:d "mwfaemifom oufonfr[kwaf o:? wdwu
d mQ ay,
bma0,bm0<,um\may, um\my<-paom "mwkypP<aemifvnf: oufao:onf`
wdwu
d mQ aywaAm? wdwu
d mQ yeDa<m? bma0waAm? bm0eDa<m?
bm0<dwaAm? bm0<eDa<m? uma\waAm? um\<dwaAm?
um\maywaAm? um\my<dwaAm? um\myeDa<m`
635` ayomwdoywWumavok udpmP `
apcdik :f ]cif: (ayo), cGiv
hf w
pf pkH rf:]cif: (twdo), a\mufcsed [
f al om (ywWumv) teuf
wkYhd udpyP pPn:f wkhd oufuek >
f `
* t\[, oU? wdoSi?hf ayo wpf]zm? ywWum? ouf\m udpP ig:`
uwWA-H yoifh yxku
d >
f ? (t\[) 0g-ypGr:f kid >
f ?(oU) 0g-yavm? (ayo)
0g-yvkv
d sif yavm? (twdo) 0g-ycsed w
f efyD? (ywWumv)
|kyw
f u
G -f
}g\<S-H Y (}\[f+Es) "mwGef iS hf wuG Es-udk <S-yI }\-udv
k nf: }g\-y`
wpfenf: -- }\[f+Es? um|kdwfrSnfh? E-tkAefukdacs? tm-0k'd]yK? [ Sifh < a|S.,
aemuf]yef` (T qdck o
hJ nht
f wdik :f pD\ifvif Tokw]f zifh <S-y? }g\-yp\m rvdak wmh? xd]hk yif EtkAefacsI <-udk w p0-paomokw,f ykA| yl OP-okw]f zifh pD\ifvif 0' r'-paom okww
f pfcv
k :Hk
rvdkawmh)
a'<s-H Y ('g+Es) "mwGef tmSiw
hf uG Es-udk {<s-y`
rdedwAH-Y rm+wA-[k]zpfaom tcg ud<m'd em-ouf? uGpd "mwk-paom okwf]zifh rm> tm-udk -y? -vm? cGif:, acs, uyf-ponf`
arwWA-H Y wA-ypPn:f ouf? -vmI rm++wA-[k ]zpfaomtcg awok 0k'-d ]zifh tm}kHukd {-]yK` wpfenf:` ` o\m oa\ avmyH-]zifh a\So\ukd acsI { to0Efy? wa'Gabmfaqmif`
aw<s-H Y aEsm p-Y p-o'Ng]zif h aw<s-ypPn:f ouf`
udpy
P pPn:f pD\ifcef:yD:>`
|kyw
f u
G -f
wdwu
d mQ aywaAm-Y wdwu
d mQ ay-[laom "mwkypP<aemif wA-ypPn:f ouf`
bma0waAm-ponfY bma0, bm0<-paom "mwkypP<aemif wA, teD<-ouf`
232
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
t-ypPn:f
527` oAawm EGKwGm0D 0g`
tvH:k pHak om "mwfwahdk emif t, EGK, wk, tm0D-ypPn:f ouf`
-0 "mwfrsm:-}wdrSd? (}wdteufY)
ywd-a|S:|Srd -l -ydpP {wd {woRmwd ypPa<m? orka'wd {woRmwd ork'a<m`
|kyw
f u
G -f
ypPa<m-udk ywd-ykA -wnf? -}wdr?dS "mwftrnfrn
S ?hf "mwGef racsap\? oAawm
EGKwGm0D 0g-]zifh t-ypPn:f ouf? (ywd++t) tanok p-]zifh -udk {-0k'd y? { t<- ]zifh {udk t<f-y? <f, t-odu
hk yf? wd-udk p-y? pf, t-oku
hd yf? a'Gabmfaqmif? emrfi-hJ ponf`
ork'a<m-Y oH-a|S:, O-a|S:|Sad om -}wdrdS "mwfaemif t-ypPn:f ouf? -udk {-0k'd y?
{-udk t<f-y? ed[dwfukd r-y? '-vm? emrfiJh ponf`
233
0depd a<m-Y 0d-a|S:, ed-a|S:|Sad om pd-"mwf? t-ypPn:f ? -udk {-0k'd y? {-udk t<-y?
a'g " p-Y p-]zifh p-udk q-y? to'doa'Gabmfaqmif`
t0g-Y (tm+ok+t) O-ukd jo-0k'dy? jo t0oa\-]zifh t0f-y? a'Gabmfaqmif?
\y-ponf`
eda[m-Y ed-ykA, }[-"mwf t-ypPn:f ? }-a'Gabmfaqmif`
234
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
235
}rk-}wdr?dS (}wdteufY)
tm}arm` (vma\muf]cif:, wwf, ajumif:, \m)
oy-}wdr?dS
oayg` (oGm:wwfaoma]rG)
urk-y'0dauQay? (a]cudk txl:x:l ypfcs]cif:)
yUrwDwd yUarm? 0dUarm`
teD:yk'|f \dS mY"\-"m\aE (aqmif]cif:)
"rRH "\wDwd "rR"a\m? 0de<"a\m?
ygv-\uQaE? (apmifah \Smuf]cif:Y)
"rRH ygavwDwd "rRygavm`
[dwH ua\mwDwd [dwua\m? wH ua\mwDwd wUa\m`
* <-w-o'Ng? a|S|\dS m0<f? aemufrmS a'Gabmf? vmaomfvnf:|S?d rvmbdr?l <w >aemuf? AdK a\muf? rSwaf vmufx:kH pH trJwnf:` (a|S:q\m)
'd0gua\m? edomua\m? "kH }ESmwDwd "ka[m`
''-'gae? (ay:]cif:)
oAumrH ''gwDwd oAumr'a'g`
'g-'gae?
tH ''gwDwd ta'g? (t-o'NLyy', 'g+t)
"m-"m\aE? (aqmif]cif:Y) opPH oN[wDwd opPoam?
yg-ygae? (aomuf]cif:)
rZH yd0wDwd rZayg? yga'e yd0wDwd yg'ayg? upayg`
wm-ygvae? (apmif]h cif:) }0H o'NH wm<wDwd a}gwW?H
p\-p\aE (vSnvhf nf]cif:) 0ae p\wDwd 0epa\m? umarm t0p\wd {wMmwd
umrm0p\H? }ga0g p\d {wMmwd a}gpa\m?
|k[-Zeae? (]zpf]cif:)
od\odR H |k[wDwd oda\m|ka[m?
|kyw
f u
G -f
|kyw
f u
G -f
a}[H-Y }[-Oyg'gae, "mwfaemif t-ouf? }[ky"a 0g-]zifh }-> tpdwf tudk {-y? emrfihJ ponf`
'DyuFa\m-udk 'Dy o'NLyy', u\-wnf? u\-u\aE? "mwftrnfrn
S ?hf "mwGef t-ukad cs?
onm<rk-]zifh t-ypPnf:oufI 'Dy-teD:emrfyk'faemif k-vm? ked[dwH y'a-]zifh k-ukd
teD:emrfy'k >
f tqk:H Y ed[dwf y? ed[dwu
f dk 0yK? emrfi?hJ od-ouf? jo-y`
rSwcf suf`
` TY |kyf yD:vG<af p\ef udwormoftpDt\ifudk ryfI udwf tpDt\if
oufoufom pD\ifonf`
236
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
237
bdumQ `
o'g` (<Hjk unf]cif:)
tbdrck H m<wDwd tbdm? Oy}m m<wDwd Oym?
orRm m<wDwd om`
ok- pmuDo?k(tvd|k ]dS cif:, Spof uf]cif:wYhdk )pm` (vdck si]f cif:) (ok<rleram apm 0g-]zifh p-y) AsmydwkH
pm 0dpm` (0d+of+t+tm)
ykp-ykpae (ar:]cif:)
ykpeH ykpm`
udw-a\m}gye<ae? (tema\m}gukd y<f]cif:Y) wdupd eH wdupd m`
CodwkH pm ZdCpm? wdwduQm? bkOdwHk pm AkbkuQm? ygwHk pm
ydygom`
560` ToH 'k ol[d c`
ToH, 'k, ok-a\S:\Sad om "mwfaemif abm, uHteufY c-ypPn:f ouf`
* 'k-ok ToH? a|SYcHrl? abm, uHeuf]y? ypPnf: c, aus\ ckAef`
uGpd "mwk-paomokw]f zifh c-tkAefuadk cs`
'kauQe u\D<awwd 'kU\H? 'kva bm? 'k ABa\m? 'kAa pm? ('k+0p+c) 'k'aN om`
oku\H? okvabm? okba\m? okAa pm? ok'aom? ToH u\D<awwd ToU\H`
|kyw
f u
G -f
o'g-Y oHykA "m-"m\aE "mwfaemif t-ouf? (oH+"m+t) "-cGif:, acs, uyf? (oH+")
r'g-[laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh ed[dwu
f kd 'f-y? 'f, "-odu
hk yf? tm- ypPn:f ouf? emrfiphJ onf`
wdupd m-ponfY wdupd , ZdCp, wdwu
d ,Q Akbu
k ,Q ydygo-[laom "mwkypP<aemif typPn:f , wMv
d id f tm-ypPn:f ouf`
'kU\H-Y 'k-ykA u\-u\aE "mwfaemif ToH 'k ol[d c-]zifh c-ypPn:f ouf? uGpd "mwkpaomokw]f zifh c-tkAefukd acs? \f, t-odu
hk yf? u-a'Gabmfaqmif? emrfiphJ onf`
ToU\H-Y AsOa e p-]zifh ed[dwu
f akd cs`
238
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
E-ypPn:f
529` bma0 p`
abm-teufYvnf: tvH:k pHak om"mwfaemif E-ypPn:f ouf`
pZ-pma}? (pGefh]cif:)
pZeH pma}g`
<kZ-a<ma}? (tm:xwk ]f cif:, <SO]f cif:) <kZa wwd a<ma}g`
0dZ-oHa0Zae? (xdwvf ef]h cif:)
oHa0ZeH oHa0a}g`
bl-owWm<H? (xif|mS :]zpf]cif)
b0wDwd bma0g`
Op-or0ga<? (aygi:f p]k cif:)
OpwDwd joaum`
Ak"-t0}rae?(xk:d xiG :f Iod]cif:)
orRm AkwDwd oarma"m`
(abm-teuf]zpfvsif bma0 p? t]cm:teuf]zpfvsif 0do|kZ-paomokw]f zifoh ufav)
wk'-Asxae? (xk:d q]G cif:)
ywkZa w taeemwd yawma'g`
}rk-}wdrSd? (}wdteuf)
}p<
D awwd }garm`
<rk-Oy\ar? (juOfa|Smif]cif:)
ed<reH ed<marm`
0'-0d<wW<
d 0H gpm<?H (yD]yifxif\mS :aom pum:Y) 0ga'g?(qd]k cif:) 0d0ga'g?(]iif:c]kH cif:) jo0ga'g(qH:k r]cif:)
0o-ed0gao? (ae]cif:)
0gaom? tm0gaom? y\d0gaom`
r\-ygEpma}? (toufupkd eG ]hf cif:) rma\wDwd rma\m`
0[-ygyae? (a\mufap]cif: )
0ga[m (|Guaf qmif]cif:) tm0ga[m? 0d0ga[m/(xdr:f ]rm:]cif:)
e'-oa'N? (toH]yK]cif:)
e'wDwd ema'g? Oma'g? edma'g`
o'-0do\Em}wsm0omaeok? (a|Gvsm:]cif:? vm:]cif:>tqk:H wYhdk ) yoD'wDwd yoma'g`
erk-erae? (nGwf]cif:)
ereH emarm? yEmarm`
urk-pmuDo?k (vkcd sif pS of uf]cif:)
umarwDwd umarm`(tvd|k wdS wfaomwESm)
yp-ygau? (csu]f cif:, usu]f cif:)
ypeH ygaum? 0dygaum`
528` 0do|kZy'g'dawm E`
0do, |kZ, y'-paom "mwfaemif E-ypPn:f ouf`
rSwcf suf` ` E-tkAefygvif um|kw
d u
f u
dk o
hJ ihdk ]hJ cif:? E-tkAefacs]cif:?
0k'd y]cif:wku
hd dk udpt
P cef: Es-ypPn:f Y qkcd hJ yD:twkid :f odav`
0do-ya0oae? (0if]cif:)
y0dowDwd ya0aom`
|kZ-a\ma} (usifem]cif:)
|kZwDwd a\ma}g`
y'-}wdrSd? (}wdteuf)
yZaw taeemwd yga'g`
t<-}wdr?dS
t<wd awmwd tma<m`
[\-[\aE? (aqmif]cif:)
tm[\wD w d tm[ma\m? a0g[\D < awwd
a0g[ma\m?
(0d+t0+[\+E)
0d[\d{wMmwd 0d[ma\m`
\rk-uDVm<H? (]rL:w:l aysmyf g: upm:]cif:) tm}m \rd {woR
d d tm\marm`
yw-}wdr?dS (}wdteuf)
yywwd {wMmwd yygawm` (y+yw+E)
Z\-0a<m[medr?dS (t|G<rf <S wk ]f cif:=td]k cif:)Z\D<wd taeemwd Zma\m`
'\-bdaN e? (cGJ]cif:)
'\D<aw taeemwd 'ga\m`
bkZ-buQaE? (pm:]cif:)
bkZa wwd abma}g`
bZ-ao0g<H? (rS0D ]J cif:)
bZD<awwd bma}g? 0dbma}g`
<Z-ylZm<H? (ylaZmf]cif:)
Zawwd <ma}g`
|kyw
f u
G -f
ya0aom-Y y-ykA 0do-ya0oae? "mwfaemif 0do|kZy'g'dawm E-]zifh E-ypPn:f ouf?
um|kw
d u
f kd uJo
h ihdk ?hJ E-tkAefacs? toHa<m} 0k'd um\daw-]zifh 0do- "mwf> 0-> tpdwf
-udk {-0k'd y? uyf? emrfihJ ponf`
a\ma}g-Y u}gpZmeH-]zifh Z-udk }-]yK`
a0g[ma\m- 0d, t0-ykA [\-[\aE? "mwfaemif E-ouf? um|dw
k if ?hJ E-tkAef acs?
0k'd y? jo t0-]zifh t0-udk jo-y? cGi:f , acs, uyf? emrfihJ ponf`
|kyw
f u
G -f
yEmarm-Y a'g " p-Y p-]zifh e-ud-k E ]yK`
(y, y\d, ed? O, jo->aemuf? e-i<fa\muf? razmuf E-uD:]yef`)
239
240
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
241
613` }[ C\ aE 0g`
E-ypPn:f ajumihf }[-"mwfudk tcsKd C\-y`
C\H`
594` yk\orky y\d[d ua\mwd cc\m0g wypPa<ok p`
w-ypPn:f , E-ypPn:f wdahk jumihf yk\, oH, Oy, y\d-a|S:|Sad om u\-"mwfudk c, c\
y`
* E, w-aSmif:u? oH-Oy-Si?hf yk\-y\d? aemuf|dS u\? c\, c? ]yK\ xdu
k o
f ifph mG `
oHu\D<awwd ocFga\m?
y\dorawm u\D<awwd y\dumQ a\m? (to'doa'Gabmfaqmif)
yka\ u\D<awwd yka\uQma\m? (tvkwoW rmof) yk\uQma\m`
|kyw
f u
G -f
|kyw
f u
G -f
242
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
243
EGK-ypPn:f
622` teum <kELG eH`
<k-ypPn:f ukd te-y? EGK-ypPn:f ukd tu-y`
* uwWm: a<bk<s? uH-csKd r? ouf\ EGK, tu-]yK`
oAawm EGKwGm0D 0g-]zifh rsm:aomtm:]zifh uwWm:teufY EGK-ypPn:f ouf?
owM[m\uH-paom tenf:i<faom uHteufYvnf: EGK-oufao:onf? teum<k
EGLeH-]zifh EGK-ukd tu-y`
ua\mwDwd um\aum`
* wMv
d id rf mS ? tu-vm? rSepf mG t-udk `
awok 0k'd paomokwf uD:]zifh wMv
d id Yf tu-> t-ukd -y`
um\dum? um\uH`
tmo-Oya0oae?(uyf0if]cif:=ae]cif:) OygowDwd Oygoaum? Oygodum? OygouH`
eD-ygykEae?(a\mufatmifyahdk qmif]cif:) aewDwd em<aum? em<dum? em<uH`
ok-o0aE? (em:axmif]cif:)
okEmwDwd om0aum? om0dum? om0uH`
yk-y0ae? (]zLpif]cif:)
ykemwDwd yg0aum`
vl-aq'ae? (]zwf]cif:)
vkemwDwd vm0aum`
'g-'gae? (ay:]cif:)
''gwDwd 'g<aum? (tm-ukd tm<-y) 'g<dum? 'g<uH`
}[-Oyg'gae? (<l]cif:)
}ESmwDwd }g[aum`
yp-ygau? (csuf]cif=usuf]cif:)
ypwDwd ygpaum`
<Z-ylZm<H? (ylaZmf]cif:)
<ZwDwd <mZaum`
|kyfwGufum\aum-Y u\-u\aE? "mwfaemif oAawm EGKwGm0D 0g-]zifh EGK-ouf? um|dw
k if ?hJ
0k'-d y? teum <kELG eH-]zifh EGK-udk tu-y? emrfi-hJ ponf`
um\dum-Y um\u-[k]zpfaomtcg wM<
d rawm tmypPa<m-]zifh tm-ypPn:f ouf?
awok 0k'-d paomokw]f zifh tu-> t-udk -y? emrfi-hJ ponf`
'g<aum-Y tmum\merma<m-]zifh tm-udk tm<-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
244
Ze-Zeae? (]zpf]cif:)
ZaewDwd Zeaum? Zedum`
ck-t0"m\aE? (wl:zdK]cif:)
cewDwd ceaum`
ork-Oyoar? (idr:f at:]cif:)
oarwDwd oraum`
}rk-}wdr?dS (}wdteufY)
}arwDwd }raum`
'rk-'rae? (qHk:r]cif:)
'arwDwd 'raum`
[e-[d o
H m0wDo?k (nSi:f q]J cif:, }wdteufwYhkd ) [ewDwd 0"aum? Cmwaum`
|k"-tm0\aE? (ydwfyif]cif:)
|kw
w
D d |ka um`
bkZ-buQaE? (pm:]cif:)
bkOw
w
D d bkOa um`
uD-'A0ed rD a<? (OpPmvJv<S 0f <fa\mif:]cif:)
udEmwDwd um<aum`
(T-ukd {-0k'd y? {-ukd tm<-y)
ygv-\uQaE? (apmifh]cif:)
ygavwDwd ygvaum`
ylZ-ylZm<H? (ylaZmf]cif:)
ylaZwDwd ylZaum`
641` k'g'D[d <kELG eremeemum eeum oum\daw[d p`
k'-paom"mwf, um|dw
k yf pPn:f Siw
hf uG]zpfaom "mwfaemif <k-udk te, tmeey? EGK-udk tu, tmeeu-y`
rSwcf su`f `-"mwfaemifom tmeeu-yavh|o
dS nf`
* oum\dw? k'-p, aemuf? usa\muf <k-rSm? Sp]f zm te? tmee-wnf:? wpf0 EGK?
tu-y? -r tmeeu`
k'-acay? (ypfy<f]cif:)
ol'-y\aE? (<kdpD:]cif:)
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
245
-t0aAm"ae? (xdk:xGif:Iod]cif:)
m-"mwfaemif EGK-udk tcsKd h tmeeu-y`
ZmemwDwd Zmeeaum? oOmeeaum? aywDwd yaum`
um\maywDwd um\myaum`
ty-ygyaE? (a\mufap]cif:Y)
orgaywDwo
d rgyaum`
'gaywDwd 'gyaum` ywdmaywD
ywdmyaum`
tmE-ayoae? (apckid :f ]cif:)
tmEmaywD tmEmyaum`
[\-[\aE? (aqmif]cif:)
[\dwaAmwd [m\aum`(EGK-ypPn:f uHYouf)
ED-ypPn:f
532` wDvm'Dok EDwmG 0D p`
wDv, w'r,R wm"kum\D-teufwYhdk ED, wk, tm0D-ypPn:f ouf`
p-o'Ng]zifh twWrmeteufY ED-ouf`
* oDv, "rR? om"kuSi?hf twWrme? teuf]y? ouf\ "mwfaemif ED, tm0D`
oHo-yoHoae? (cs:D rrG :f ]cif:)
yd<H yoHow
d kH oDv,H "arRm 0g,om"kum\dwm 0g <mwd yd<yoHo`D
yd<H 0g yoHowd oDave, "arRe 0g, om"kum\dwm< 0gwd yd<yoHo`D
yd<H 0gyoHoeoDavm,yoHoe"arRm 0g,yoHoae om"kum\D 0gwd yd<yoHo`D
]A[Rpm\D? opP0g'D? "rR0g'D? ygyum\D`
|kyw
f u
G -f
|kyw
f u
G -f
0"aum-Y ([ef+EGK) 0a"m 0g oAw-M ]zifh [e-udk 0"-y`
Cmwaum-Y [e Cmawm-]zifh [e-udk Cmw-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
'ge+'g- 'ge'g<D? (ay:va vh|odS )l ed+"m- ed"m<D? (odrk :DS avh|odS )l rZ+yg- rZyg<D? (ao\nfuakd omufavh|odS )l
"n+rm-"nrm<D` (pyg:csiaf vh|odS )l
<m-}wdrSd? (}wdteufY)oDC<m<D? (vif]refpGm oGm:avh|Sdol) yg-ygu?D (csufavh|Sdol) bkZabm}D? (oH:k aqmifavh|odS )l
<kZ-a<m}?D (tm:xkwfavh|Sdol) pZ- pm}?D (pGefhjuJavh|Sdol) &E-\m}D?
(wyfrufol) bl-bm0?D (]zpfavh|Sdol) ok- {o?D (|Smavh|Sdol) Oy+tmo- OygoD? (qnf:uyfavh|Sdol)
vb-vmb?D (\avh|Sdo)l [e-Cmw?D (owfavh|Sdol) 'DC+'do- 'DC'D? (t|Snf]rifavh |Sdol)
ok+'do-ok'D? (aumif:pmG ]rifavh|odS )l
e'-oa'N? (toH]yK]cif:) em'D? (qkad vh|odS )l oD[em'D? (\J\ifph mG qdak vh|odS )l
ZD0-ZD0ae? (touf|iS ]f cif:) 'DCZD0?D (|Snaf omtouf|odS )l
pk\-apm\D? (cdk:avh|Sdol) wdwu
d -Q wdwu
d ?QD (onf:caH vh|odS )l
re-maE? (od]cif:) ydwH twWmeH rnwDwd ydwrmeD? A[kw
k rmeD`
<k-ypPn:f
246
tm0D-ypPn:f
247
|kyw
f u
G -f
'ge'g<D-Y 'geo'NLyy' 'g+ED? tmum\me rma<m-]zifh tm-udk tm<-y`
ed"m<D-Y ed-ykA "m+ED`
'DC'D-Y uGpd "mwk-paomokw]f zifh 'do-udk '-y`
wdwu
d -DQ Y wdwu
d -Q [laom "mwkypP<yk'af emif ED-ypPn:f ouf`
A[kkwrmeD-Y A[kkwo'NLyy' re-maE? "mwfaemif wDvm'Dok EDwGm0D
p-Y p-]zifh twWrme teufY ED-ouf-ponf`
b<'m0D-Y b<o'NLyy' 'do-ayuQaE? "mwfaemif tm0D-ypPn:f ouf? uGpd "mwkpaomokw]f zifh 'do-f udk 'f-y? emrfi-hJ ponf`
548` uwWKu\Eya'aook p`
uwWm:, u|dE
k :f , t"du\EteufwYhdk vnf: <k-ypPn:f ouf`
p-o'Ng]zifh or'ge, tyg'geom"ewkYhd vnf:ouf`
uwWKom"e- 0dZmemwDwd 0dnmEH?(0d++<k-Y <k-ukd te-y? e-ukd E-]yef? a'Gabmfaqmif)
0dZmeeH` (<k-udk tmee-y)
|kyw
f u
G -f
tuQmeH-Y tm-ykaAm cg-yuxae? "mwfaemif eNm'D[d <k-]zifh <k-ouf? <k-udk tey? (tm+cg+te) c-cGif:, acs, 'DCy? c-> to'doa'Gabmf uf-vm? \H-]zifh \y? emrfiJhponf`
|keH-Y |k"-tm0\aE? "mwfaemif <k-ouf? |k"m'dawm ed[DwykAOP-[laom
0dem"dum\a<m}0dbm}-]zifh t-ypPn:f oufI |k-txufY ed[dwv
f m? te-y-ponf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
248
Cm-}amyg'gae? (teHuh <kd ]l cif:)
a-pdm<H? (uHpnf]cif:)
Cm<wDwd CmeH`
m<wDwd meH? m<eH`
u\Eom"e-
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
249
* wMv
d id w
f u
G ?f <k-yifouf? aemufquf wMd tm`
wM<
d rwd<a0g 0g-]zifh wMv
d id Yf <k-ypPn:f ouf? <k-ukd te-y yD:aemuf
wMv
d id f tm-ypPn:f ouf`
pdw-oaOPwae? (aphaqmf]cif:)
apw<wDwd apwem`
0d'-tkb0ae? (cHpm:]cif:)
a0'<wDwd a0'em`
'do-D OpPm\aE? (\Gwqf ]dk cif:)
a'oD<awwd a'oem`
bm0D<awwd bm0em? a<mZem?
{oem`
0N-0Nae? (|Sdcdk:]cif:)
0ND<aw 0Nem`
'Dy-'dwrdW ?dS (wifwh <fxeG :f y]cif:Y)
'Dyem`
533` o'N uk" pv rwM |kpm'D[d <k`
toHy]cif:teuf|adS om"mwf? trsux
f u
G ]f cif:teuf|adS om"mwf? wkev
f y ]f cif:
teuf|adS om"mwf? xGe:f vif:awmufy]cif:teuf|adS om"mwf? wk:d yGm:]cif:teuf|adS om "mwf
tp|So
d nfwahdk emif wDvpaomteuf, uwWm:teufY <k- ypPn:f ouf? T <k-ypPn:f
ouf\mY 0k'd yonfomrsm:>`
* toH-trsu?f vyv
f u
S ,f qif<if? xGe:f xifawmufy? yGm:]cif:p|S?d oDvm'dwu
G ?f
uwWm:euf? <k-ouf 0k'rd sm:`
Cko-oa'N?(toHy]cif:)
tm-y`
m<eH-Y aw tm0g<m-[laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh {-udk tm<-y`
bm0em-ponfY bma0, ygap, ygpmay-[laom "mwkypP<aemif <k-ouf`
o<eH-Y od-oa<? "mwfaemif <k-ouf? {-0k'd y? {-udk t<-y` t<-ryvif
aoeH-[k]zpf>`
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f u
G -f
apwem-Y pdw-oaOPwae? "mwfaemif wM<
d rwd<a0g 0g-]zifh <k-ouf? -udk {0k'd y? <k-udk te-y? wM<
d rawm tmypPa<m-]zifh tm-ypPn:f ouf? emrfi-hJ ponf`
bm0em-Y bma0-[laom "mwkypP<aemif <k-ouf`
250
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
251
}pam? }prmaem`
}p<
D awwd }p<
D rmaem? }rRrmaem? (}rf+<+rme-Y ykA| yk f y) }rsrmaem` (r, <-okuhd yf)
r[-ylZm<H? r[wDwd r[?H r[am? r[rmaem? r[D<awwd r[D<rmaem`
p\H? p\am? p\rmaem? p\D<rmaem?
b0H? b0am? tbdb0rmaem? tbdb<
l rmaem`
ZD\?H ZD\am? ZD\rmaem? ZD\<
D rmaem? ZD<?H ZD<rmaem? Zd<srmaem`
655` aoao H K rmemem`
ryD:qk:H ao:aomteufY tem}wfumvuko
d t
d yfaomf "mwfaemif H, K, rme,
tme-tm:]zifh 4-ypPn:f ouf` (wpfenf:) b0dwd-yk'u
f adk xmufI K, rme, tmetm:]zifh 3- ypPn:f ouf`
wpfenf:` ` t- rme> a|SY -a'Gabmf 0ifviaf omfvnf:aumif:?
rmeY r-ausI tme- uif:viaf omfvnf:aumif: tem}wfumvY ]zpfonf`
t, rme ypPn:f
565` 0wWrmae rmem`
ypPKyeu
f mvY rme, t-ypPn:f ouf`
* t uwWm:? rmeum:rSw?f abm, uHuwf? oufvwf yef, [dw,f vuQE`
t-ypPn:f onf uwWm:teuf, rme-ypPn:f um: abm uH uwWm:teuf ypPKyef
umvY oufonf? [dwt
f euf, vuQEteufwu
hdk v
dk nf: xGe:f ]yao:onf`
}pww
D d }p?H
|kyw
f u
G -f
uraem-udk uyd-wnf? uyd-pvae? "mwftrnfrn
S ?hf "mwGef - ukd acs? <k-ypPn:f ouf?
(uyf+<k) <k-ukd te-y? uGpd"mwk-paomokwf]zifh (wpfenf::) ed[dwOP-]zifh u-txufY
ed[dwfvm? 0-y? emrfiJh? od-ouf? jo-y`
} p-H udk }rk-}wdr?dS "mwftrnfrn
S ?hf "mwGeaf cs? t-ouf? "mwGef r-ukd p-y? emrfi?hJ
od-ouf? odrdS }pm 'DeH oa'Ng tH-]zifh -ukd tH-y? od-acs`
252
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
}p
d ?H }p
d am? }p
d rmaem? }pmaem` (oGm:vwWHaomol)
bkO
d ?H bkO
d am? bkO
d rmaem? bkOm aem` (pm:vwWHaomol)
b0d?H b0dam? b0drmaem` (]zpfvwWHaomol)
p?H pam? prmaem? p
d ?H p
d am? p
d rmaem? pmaem`
w-ypPn:f
555` twDaw ww0Kwm0D`
twdwu
f mvY tvH:k pHak om"mwfwahdk emif w, w0K, wm0D-ypPn:f ouf`
556` bm0uarRok w`
abm, uHteufwYhdk tvH:k pHak om"mwfwahdk emif w-ypPn:f ouf`
557` Ak"}rm'dawM uwW\d`
Ak", }rk-paom"mwfaemif xdAk "k , }rk"mwfw>
hkd teufY uwWm:teuf0<f wypPn:f ouf`
* abm, uH, uwWm:? "d 4-yg:rSm? w-ouf\m? oH:k ]zm umv? wdwrf sm:pG`
* wd-ypPnf:um:? abm, xDrsm:? t]cm: \Hcgouf`
(w-]zifh w0K , wm0D-wdu
hk v
kd nf:<l)
bm0, urR, uwWK, t"du\Eom"e 4-yg:wkYhd w-ypPn:f ouf? umv 3-yg:Y
xku
d o
f ifo
h vk]d zpfonf? rsm:aomtm:]zifh twdwu
f mvYoufonf`
wd- ypPn:f um: rsm:aomtm:]zifh bm0om"eSihf wMv
d id rf mS oufonf? t]cm:
aom om"eSihf vdiw
f Yhkd vnf: \Hcgoufao:onf`
bm0om"e - XD<aw Xdw?H
urRom"e OyD<awwd Oydawm?
|kyw
f u
G -f
}p
d -H Y }rk-}wdr?dS "mwfaemif H-ypPn:f ouf? p-y? -vm? emrfi-hJ ponf`
wenf:` `
K-ypPn:f ouf? p-y? emrfi?hJ od-ouf? odrdS 0g-]zifh t-y? oa'Ng
tH-[laoma<m}0dbm}]zifh tH-y? od-acs`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
uwWKom"e t"du\Eom"e -
253
AkwDwd Aka'g?
<mwd {wMmwd <mwH`
254
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
255
'[-boRu
D \aE? (]ym]zpfatmif]yK]cif:)
'am? (avmifrdKuftyf>?)
tb0Dwd blawm? blwm? blw`H
[k-ylZm<H? (ylaZmf]cif:)
t[0Dwd [kawm? [kw0g? [kwm0D`
0o-ed0gao? (ae]cif:)
574` 0oawm OwM`
0o-"mwfaemifrS w-ypPn:f udk "mwGef iS w
hf uG OwM-y`
* 0o-aemifrS? ypPnf: w? wuG OwM-y`
t0oDwd 0kawMm? t"d0wMm a'0wm`
wpfenf:0o, oHo-"mwfaemifrS w-udk "mwGefSifhwuG wM-yvif ydkI
vG<u
f rl nf? 0kawMm-Yum: 0-> tpdwf t-udk O-y`
* 0o-oHo? "mwfaemifw? wuG wM-a'G:]yK`
oHo-yoHoae? (cs:D rrG :f ]cif:)
yoHoad wm? yoawMm`
|lyod'Yd oHo+f w? of, w-odu
hk yfI oW-udk uGpd "mwk-]zifh wM-yonf`
|kyw
f u
G -f
[kw0g-Y [k-"mwfaemif? w0K-ouf? emrfi?hJ od-ouf? tm odr-dS ]zifh 0dbwfiS hf wuG
K-udk tm-y`
[kwm0D-Y emrfi?hJ od-ouf? acs`
0kawMm-Y 0o-"mwfaemif w-ouf? 0oawm OwM-]zifh "mwGef o-Sihf wuG wudk OwM-y? (0+OwM) cGif:, acs, uyf? emrfiJh-ponf`
t"d0wMm-Y t"d-ykA 0o-"mwfaemif w-ouf? 0oawm OwM-]zifh "mwGef o-Sihf wuG
w-udk OwM-y? (t"d+0+OwM) o\avmayg-paomokwYf wk-o'Ng wm:]rpfI a|S o
h \ rausbJ
0g ya\m to|lyg-]zifh aemuf O-o\udk acs? wMD tm-ypPn:f ouf? emrfi-hJ ponf`
yoawMm-udk |lyod'-d Y y-ykA oHo-"mwfaemif w-oufI uGpd "mwk-paom okw]f zifh
oW-udk wM-yI wGuo
f nf` 0wM, ed0wM-ponf enf:wl`
256
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
575` 0 0g 0k`
w-aSmif:\mY 0o-"mwf> 0-udk O-y? wpfenf: 0-> tpdwf t-udk O-y`
* w-aSmif:wku
H ? 0o, 0-rSm? O-y\m? \Hcg tpdwf y`
wpfenf:` ` "mwftp 0-udk (okrhd [kw)f 0-> tpdwf t-udk O-y[k qdv
k if
0o-rS t]cm:aom "mwfrsm:udv
k nf: pD\ifikd o
f nf[rk w
S `f
* w-aSmif:wHu
k ? "mwf p-0-rSm? O-]yK\m? \Hcg tpdw]f yK`
0 0g 0k-]zifh w-ypPn:f aSmif:\mY 0o-"mwf>tp 0-ukd O-y? \Hcg 0->tpdwf
t-ukd O-y? t]cm:aom"mwfY uGpd "mwk-]zifh pD\if\rnf`
t0oDwd Oodawm? 0koad wm? (-tm}k]H cm:aeI OwM-ry\) 0kow
d 0g? 0kow
d m0D`
578` bkZm'Deram aem 'Gd p`
bkZ-tp|Sad om Z-um\"mwfw>
hdk "mwGeu
f akd csI w-udk a'Gabmfaqmif`
bkZ-ygvebuQem'Do?k (apmif]h cif:,pm:]cif:ponfwYhdk ) tbkOw
D d bkawWm`
<kZ-a<ma}? (<SO]f cif:)
<kawWm? or<ak wWm? a<mwW?H <kw`dW
pZ-pma}? (pGefh]cif:)
pawWm? y\dpaP wWm`
\-\ma}? (wyfpGJ]cif:)
t\ODw
d \awWm`
o-oa}F? (iduyf]cif:)
|lyg'Dok oOww
D d oawWm`
0wk-y0wWae? (]zpf]cif:)
y0awWm? y0wW`d
yw-}wdr?dS (}wdteuf)
ywwd {wMmwd yawWm?
|kyw
f u
G -f
Oodawm-Y 0o-"mwfaemif w-ouf? 0 0g 0k-]zifh 0-udk O-y? -vm? emrfihJ ponf`
0koad wm-Y 0-> tpdwf t-udk O-y`
0kow
d 0g-Y w0K-ypPn:f ? 0kow
d m0D-Y wm0D-ypPn:f `
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
0pK-aq'ae? (]zwf]cif:)
rkp-armpae? (vGw]f cif:Y)
odp-aopae? (oGe:f avmif:]cif:)
0dp-0da0pae? (uif:qdwf]cif:)
olp-yumoae (xifpmG ]y]cif:)
257
579` 0p 0g 0k`
0p-"mwf> 0-udk tcsKd O-y? "mwGeu
f akd csI w-udk a'Gabmfaqmif`
0p-0d<wW<
d H 0gpm<H? (yD]yifxif|mS :aompum:Y) 0kpaP wwd OwW?H 0kw?HW 0kw?dW ed|w
k `dW
580` }kyg'DeOP`
w-ypPn:f ajumifh }ky-paom"mwfw>
hdk "mwGeu
f akd csI w-udak 'Gabmfaqmif`
}ky-a}gyae? (apmifha|Smuf]cif:)
a}gyD<awwd }kawWm? a}gwW?H }kw`dW
0y-0yae? (pdkufysdK:]cif:)
0yawwd 0kw`HW
vky-t'ae? (r]rif]cif:)
vkya wwd vkawWm`
oky-oa<? (tdy]f cif:)
okyw
D d okawWm`
vdy-vdra e? (vdr:f us]H cif:)
vdawWm`
wy-omay? (ylavmif]cif:)
wawWm? oawWm`
'Dy-'dwrdW ?dS (xGef:y]cif:)
tm'Dy<
D w
d mM wd tm'dawWm? 'DyeH 'dw`dW
|kyw
f u
G -f
OwWH-Y 0p-"mwf+ w-ypPnf? 0p 0g 0k-]zifh 0p-> 0-udk O-y? bkZm'Deram aem 'Gd p]zifh "mwGef p-udk acsI w-a'Gabmfaqmif? emrfi-hJ ponf`
0kw
k -HW Y 0-udk O-y? 0-vm[k |lyod'Yd qdo
k nf? wpfenf:-0kow
d -Y qdck hJ yD:onft
h wdik :f
0-> tpdwf t-udk O-y`
ed|kwWd-Y (ed+0p+wd) 0-udk O-y? \f-vm? "mwGef p-udkacsI w-a'Gabmfaqmif`
tm'dawWm-Y tm+'Dy+f w? uGpd "mwk]zifh \y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
258
ty-ygykEae? (a\muf]cif:)
r'-OrRma'? (|l:oGyf]cif:)
bd'-d 0d'g\aE? (azmufc]JG cif:)
rd'-odaea[? (cspf]cif:)
ol'-y\aE? (<dpk :D ]cif:)
y'-}wdr?dS (}wdteufY)
pd-pdm<H? (uHpnf]cif:)
yykaAm? ygyD<w
d mM wd yawWm? ygykEw
D d yawWm`
rawWm? yrawWm`
bdawWm? bdw`dW
rdZw
w
D d rdawWm`
tol'w
D d okw`HW
OyawWm? Oyw?dW edyw
?dW orw`dW
pdawDwd pdw`HW
584` yUrm'D[d am p`
rum\"mwfaemifrS w-ukd -yI "mwGef r-ukv
d nf:acs`
* r-aemifrS w? y-W? acs\ a|S "mwGe`f (-ew [k zwf)
rSwcf suf`
` upPn:f usr:f Y po'Ng]zifh w-ukd d-y[kqo
dk nf? |lyod'-d Y wd-ukd dy[kqo
dk nf`okahd omf w,wd,wk,H wA-ponfwYhdk ygaom rnfonfh w-ukyd if]zpfap yvif p o'NgtpDt\ifrvkad wmh`
urk-y'0dauQay?(a]cukd txl:x:l t]ym:]ym: ypfcs]cif:Y) yUrDwd yUaWm?ouFam? eduaQ m? edu
Q `d
'rk-'rae (qHk:r]cif:)
t'rDwd 'am`
ork-Oyoar? (idr:f at:]cif:)
oam? od`
brk-te0mae? (r\yfrwnfvnf]cif:) bam? 0d ABam`
|kyw
f u
G -f
yawWm-Y y+ty+w? y-cGi:f , acs, uyf? "mwGef y-udak cs? w a'Gabmfaqmif`
edyw
-Wd Y ed+y'f+wd? a'g " p-Y p-]zifh y-ukd z-y? to'do a'Gabmfaqmif`
eduaQ m-Y a'g " p-Y p-]zifh u-udk c-y? to'do a'Gabmfaqmif`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
udvrk-aca'? (yifyef:]cif:)
wdr-k t'Nbma0? (pdpk wG ]f cif:)
0rk-Od\aE? (axG:tef]cif:)
259
udvam`
wdam`
0am`
583` okoypouawm uQ Um p`
oko, yp, ouaemif w-ypPn:f ukd uQ, U-yI "mwGeaf cs`
p-o'Ng]zifh wdZ, rkp, Op-paom "mwfrsm:aemif w-ypPnf:ukd uQ, U-yI
"mwGeaf cs\rnf`
* p, u- aemuf w? U-]yK\? acs\ a|S "mwGef` (vuFmY U-udk u-[kzwf)
yp-ygau? (csu]f cif:,usu]f cif:)
typPw
D d yUH` (rSnahf omtoD:)
rkp-armpae? (vGwf]cif:)
jorkOw
DP d jorkUm? (cwfyD) ydrak Um` (pGyfyD)
Op-or0ga<? (aygi:f p]k cif:)
OUm` (rD:|SL:)
ou-omrawM (pGr:f eikd ]f cif:)
touQw
D d oaUm`
* wdZ-oko? |k[-aemufr?S ypPn:f w? y\ uQ-a'G "mwGeaf us`
( uQ- ukd c-[kzwf )
wdZ-edome Aecrmok? (aoG:, aSmifzJG, oD:c]H cif:) twduw
DQ d wdauQm`
oko-aomoae? (a]cmufaoG]cif:)
tokw
D d okauQm`
|k[-Zeae? (]zpf]cif:)
t|k[w
D d |kauQm`
572` omo 'doawm w \dam p`
omo, 'do-"mwfaemifrS w-ypPn:f ukd \d-y`
p-o'Ng]zifh wd-udk \d-d y? 'do-aemif udpP w-Sihf wk,H wGm-ponfukd \, \KH,
\m- y`
* omo, 'do? aemuf|dS w-ud?k \d-qd?k wd-udk \dd y`
* 'do-aemifr?S udpP w-Si?hf wk,H wGm-p wd?hk \, \KH? \m-uKH? rSww
f Hk y\rJ`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
260
omo-tkod rd ?dS (oGeof if]cif:)
'do-ayuQaE? (junf|h ] cif:)
tkomoD<w
d mM wd tkoad m? tkomoeH tkod `d
t'dw
d mM wd 'd?H 'eH 'd`d
{oD<w
d mM wd am? {d? y\da<d? (|SmrS:D ]cif:)
{odawm? pad wm`
wkam? oKam? wkd? oKd`
'kam`
eam? 0deam`
zkam? zkoad wm`
bam? bdawm`
y\mram? tmram`
'am? Hoad wm`
t0Dwd 0kam? 0k`d
taUmoD<w
d mwd tUKa|m/
|kyw
f u
G -f
am-Y of+w? "mwGef iS w
hf uG w-udk -y`
{odawm-Y -tm}k]H cm:aeI -ry\`
'am-Y uGp"d mwk-]zifh ed[dwaf cs`
Hoad wm-Y uGp"d mwk-]zifh '-udk -]yK`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
0do-ya0oae? (0if]cif:)
'do-twdoZae? (w\m:ay:]cif:)
rZ-ok'rd ?dS (pifju<f]cif:)
b-t0r'Nae? (eif:e<f]cif:)
oZ-0da? (pGevhf w ]f cif:)
261
y0do<
D w
d mM wd y0dam? y0doad wm`
O'No
d <
D w
d mM wd O'Nad m`
trZw
D d ram`
bO<
D w
d mM wd bH` (eif;e,ftyfaom pyg;)
oHoam? 0doam? 0dd`
262
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
587` \uma\m p`
w, wd-ypPn:f ajumifh "mwGef \-udak cs`
u\D<w
d mM wd uawm? yuawm? yuwd? 0duwd`
o\-pdm<H? (uHpnf]cif:)
oawm? owd? tkwd`
b\-b\aE? (arG:]rL]cif:)
bawm? bwd`
r\-ygEpma}? (toufupdk eG ]hf cif:) rawm? rwd`
* tcsKd aom w? -y\?k Ak' ygVd avsmaf p\ef`
a'g " p-Y p-]zifh w-ukd -y`
u\-u\aE? (y]cif:)
'kauQe u\D<w
d mM wd 'kUH`
"\-"\aE? (aqmif]cif:)
O'\<
D w
d mM wd O'am`
o\-}wdr?dS (}wdteuf)
0do\Dwd 0doam` (]yefhSHh>)
b\-b\aE? (arG:]rL]cif:)
tmb\D<w
d mM wd tmbam? (aqmiftyf>)
[\-[\aE? (aqmif]cif:)
eD[\D<w
d mM wd eD[am`
594` yk\ orky y\D[d ua\mwd c c\m 0g wypPa<ok p`
w-ypPn:f , E-ypPn:f wkahd jumifh yk\, oH, Oy, y\d-wkahd emifrS u\-"mwfudk tcsK.d
c-y? c\-y`
* E, w-aSmif:u? oH-Oy-Si?hf yk\-y\d? aemuf|dS u\? c\, c? ]yK\ xdu
k o
f ifph mG `
yka\ tu\D<w
d mM wd yk\uQawm? ocFawm? tbdocFawm? 0docFawm? OyuQawm?
OyuQam? yu\D<w
d mM wd y\duaQ wm`
617` e r u \mermeH ed<kwWwrSd`
-tuQ\mSi<
hf OS o
f nfh w-ypPn:f ajumihf "mwGef e, r, u, \-wku
hd dk racs\`
* -<SOo
f nfh w? aSmif:avurl? e, r, u, \? "mwG? avmy r]zpfay`
cedawm? [edawm? orRead wm? }rdawm? \rdawm?
oud-ouFm<H? (<Hrk mS :]cif:Y) ouawm? um\dawm`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
263
577` bawm
ag p`
b-"mwfaemifrS w-ypPn:f ukd "mwGef iS w
hf uG -y`
* Z-um\? aemuf|dS w? wuG -a'G:]yK`
ag p-[laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh b rS t]cm:aom"mwfaemif -y` wpfenf:
p-o'Ng]zifh y`
b-t0r'Nae? (csKd :zzhJ suqf :D ]cif:) tbO<
D w
d mM wd bag` ("mwGef iS whf uG w-udk -y)
o-oa}F? (iduyf]cif:)
oHoag? 0dag? edag? yde
d ag? edd`
0dZ-oHa0a}? (xdwfvefh]cif:)
oH0ad g? OAad g`
vkZ-0demao? (ysupf :D ]cif:)
0dvak g`
rkZ-edrka? (epf]rKyf]cif:)
edrKR ag? OrRKag`
581` w\m'D[d am`
w\-paom"mwfaemifrS w-ypPn:f ukd -yI "mwGeu
f v
dk nf:acs`
* \-aemifrS w? y-? acs\ a|S "mwGe`f
w\-w\aE? (ul:a]rmuf]cif:)
wdam? OwWad m`
x\-0dwmM a\? (csJ]cif:)
0dwadM m? (]yefuh s<>f ?)
yl\-yl\aE? (]ynf]h cif:)
ykam? oHyak m?
p\-p\aE? (usifh]cif:)
pdam? tmpdam`
Z\-0a<m[medr?dS (t|G<rf <S wk ]f cif:) Zdam? y\dZad m`
ud\-0du\d aE? (juJ]zef]h cif:)
udam? yudam?oHuad m?tmudam`
wk\-a0a}? (t[ke]f zif]h zpf]cif:)
wkam`
|kyw
f u
G -f
wdam-Y w\f+w? w-udk -yI "mwGef \-udv
k nf:acs`
ykam-Y yl\+f w? 0g ya\m to|lyg-]zifh aemufo\udak cs? uGp"d mwk-]zifh \-]yK`
264
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
582` bd'g'dawm ,t,TEm 0g`
bd'-tp|Sad om "mwfaemifrS w-ukd , t, TE-yI "mwGeu
f v
dk nf:acs`
* bd'g'dr?S aemuf|dS w-rSm? , t? csKd TE? acs\ a|S "mwGe`f
-y
bd'-d 0d'g\aE? (azmufcGJ]cif:)
bdam? oHbdam` (pyfyD)
qd'-d 'G"d mu\aE? (Sp]f zm]yK]cif:)
qdam? oOdam? y\dpdam? Opdam`
erk-erae? (nGwf]cif:)
edam? (nGwuf ikd :f yD?)
o'-0do\Em}wsm0omaeok? (a|G|mS :]cif:, vm:]cif:>tqk:H wYhkd ) edoad m`
'g-'gae? (ay:]cif:)
'dam? tm'dam? Oyg'dam`
cd'-OwWmoae, 'deD bma0 0g (xdwvf ef]h cif:, yifyef:]cif: ) tcdZw
D d cdam`
t-y
o'-0do\Em}wsm0omaeok?(a|G|mS :]cif:, vm:]cif:>tqk:H wYhkd ) oam(ueH pf>?) yoam`
y'-}wdrSd? (}wdteuf)
Oyam? oram? edyam? edyam? (avsmif:puf) ydyam`
q'-tm0\aE? (zH:k vr :f ]cif:)
qam? oOam`
t'-buQaE? (pm:]cif:)
tH? (pmtyfaomxrif:)
TE-y
cD-ca<? (ukef]cif:)
cDaEm`
* [m ponfaemuf? E -uD:a\muf ? razguf ei<f]yef`
uGp"d mwk-paomokw]f zifh [m-ponfaemifrS E-ukd e-y`
[m-pma}? (pGe]hf cif:)
y[Daem`
vD-odavoae? (iduyf]cif:)
vD<w
D d vDaem? edvaD em`
'D-ca<? (uke]f cif:)
'Daem?
yD-wyae? (Spof uf]cif:)
yDaem`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
265
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
266
rD<awwd rdw`H
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
267
Zdaem {eH Akwlwd ZdeAk'?d "er b0wlwd "eblw?d b0wlwd blawm? "arRm
{eH ''gwlwd "rR'ad m? 0wlwd 0rmaem? eNww
l d eNaum? ZD0wlwd ZD0aum` (EGK)
596` tm}rm wkaum`
tm-a&S;&Sad om *rk"mwfaemif wku-ypn;f ouf/
* tm a&S;&Sdvwf? *rk"mwfrS? aemuf wku? bA teuf? u-ouf/
tm*p
wDwd tm*EKaum/
570` baA u`
xku
d jf cif;teuf *rk"mwfaemif u-ypn;f ouf/
*E KH baAmwd *rdaum bduK /
wGm'dypPn:f
564` ykAu
mav uuwWKumeH wkewGmewGm 0g`
wlaomuwWm:|Sad om a|Saemuf ud<mwkw
hd iG f a|Sud<mY tcsK.d wke, wGme, wGmypPn:f ouf`
* twl uwWm? a|Sud<m? oufyg wke, wGm, wGme`
* ykAm -y\? ormeSi?hf vuQE-a[wk? eufig:ck? oufr wke, wGm, wGme`
yk\ad om bkwmG (pm:yD:I) o<wd` (ykAumv)
yk\ad om 'Gg\H yd'[dwmG (ydwfyD:I) edurQ `d (ty\umv)
ol\da<m wrH [m (y<fazsmufvuf) Oa'wd` (ormeumv)
yk\ad om "rRH okwmG (jum:\onf|Sdaomf) Zmedmr` (vuQE)
yk\daom oD[H 'doGm (]rif]cif:ajumifh? t-xdka<mufsm:>) b<H Zm<aw` ([dwf)
|kyw
f u
G -f
ZdeAk'd-Y Zde-o'NLyy' Ak"-"mwfaemif wd-ouf? w-udk "-y? "mwGef "-udk '-y`
0rmaem-Y t-ypPn:f , rme-ypPn:f `
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
O'No
d w
d mG ? O'No
d <
d ? O'N
d ? (ykA|kyfy) zkow
d mG ? zko<
d ? zk? ypdwmG ? ypd<? ypP? qdw
dN mG ?
qd<
dN ? qdZ? Akw
d mG ? Ak<
d ? Ak? tbdnm<? tbdnm?(<-acs) tm'd<w
d mG ? tm'g<? Oyg'd
<dwmG ? Oyg'g<? Oyg'g? orm'd<w
d mG ?orm'd<? orm'g<`
268
269
ydocFg<? ydocFg`
270
|k[-Zeae? (]zpf]cif:)
y'-}wdrSd? (}wdteuf)
r'-OrRma'? (|l:oGyf]cif)
yw-}wdrSd? (}wdteuf)
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
tm|k[dwGm? tm|k<S`
OyZdwGm? OyZ? OyorZdwGm? OyorZ`
yrZw
d mG ? yrZ`
edywdwmG ? edypP`
* baemif wGm'd? AB, 'g od? acsbd a|S"mwGef` (vuFmY AB-udk b? 'g-udk 'g-[kzwf)
wpfenf:` ` bum\aemif wGm'dypPn:f ukd <-yI ykA| yk f yviv
f nf: AByD:kid o
f nf? 'g-yum:- "ba[[d "m p-paomtpD\if]zifh yD:kid o
f nf`
\b-\mba? (tm:xwk ]f cif:)
tm\bdwmG ? tm\ AB? tm\'g`
vb-vmab? (\]cif:)
OyvbdwGm? OyvAB`
598` p ea[d \pPH`
pum\, eum\"mwfwahdk emifrS wke paom ypPn:f wku
hd dk \pP-y`
\pP-H [laoma<m}0dbm}]zifh t]cm:"mwfaemifvnf: \pP-y`
* p, e, \, ? aemufwGm'd? ybd \pP-om`
0dp-0da0pae? (uif:qdwf]cif:)
0d0pd ?P 0d0pd w
dP mG `
yp-ygau? (csuf]cif:, usuf]cif:)
ypP? ypPd<? ypPdwGm` (<-vm? p-0}fy)
rkp-armpae? (vGwf]cif:)
0drkpP? 0drkpPdwGm`
[e-[d o
H m}wDo?k (nSi:f q]J cif:, }wdteufwYhkd )tm[m? tm[pP? Oy[m? Oy[pP`
|kyw
f u
G -f
edypP-Y ed+yw+wGm? wGm-udk <-y? <-udk p0}fy`
0d0dpP-Y 0d+0dpf+wGm? pea[d \pPH-]zifh wGm-ukd \pP-y? \rSd \am \m'd aem-]zifh "mwGef
Siw
hf uG ypPn:f \-tkAefuadk cs? uGpd "mwk-paomokw]f zifh aemufo\ukd acs`
0d0dpPdwGm-Y 0d+0dpf+wGm? '"Eawm a,muGp-d a<muGp-d [laoma<m}0dbm} ]zifh <vm? p-0}fy? - vm`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
271
272
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
wk-ypPn:f
* wD, "rf, om? uwfeufrmS ? owMm}dE
k :f ]y? wk-ouf\`
wDvm'Dok EDwmG 0D p-]zifh wDvpaomteufwYhdk wk-ypPn:f ouf? oAawm
EGKwGm0D 0g-]zifh uwWm:teufY wk-ypPn:f ouf? <if: wkypP<o'Ngrsm:onf owMm'd
}kE
d :f 0ifrsm: ]zpfjuonf`
619` u\ p wwWH wkodR `H
wk-ypPn:f ajumifh u\"mwf>"mwGef \f-ukd w-y`
p-o'Ng]zifh u\rSt]cm:aom b\-paom"mwfw>
hdk "mwGeu
f dk w-y`
ua\mwd oDave, "arRe, om"kum\dwm<mwd uwWm? ua\mwDwd uwWm`
b\wDwd bwWm? [\wDwd [wWm? bdw
N w
D d abwWm? qdw
N w
D d aqwWm? ''gwDwd
'gwm? 0pwDwd 0wWm? }pwd oDave, "arRe, om"kum\dwm< 0gwd }m? }pww
D }d m?
671` [em'D[d Ekw
k a0g`
[e-paom "mwfwahkd emif Ek, k, wk-ypPn:f ouf`
* [d-"m-Ze? wk-p? aemufrS wk-ypPnf:`
[d, "m, Ze, wk paom"mwfaemif wk-ypPn:f ouf`
[d-}wdr?dS (}wdteuf)
[daemwd y0wWwd {woRmwd a[wk`
"m-"m\aE? (aqmif]cif:)
twWaem obm0H "ma\wDwd "mwk`
Ze-Zeae? (]zpf]cif:)
Zm<wDwd ZK`
wk-0dwmM a\? (csJ]cif:)
waemwDwd wK`
od-Aae? (zGJ]cif:)
oD<wd A<
D wDwd aowk`
ud (uD)- Owdr?dS (]rifah rmuf]cif:)
O'H }pww
D d auwk`
0o- ed0gao? (ae]cif:)
0owd {wM zvd 0wMK`
|kyw
f u
G -f
uwWm-Y u\f+ wk? u\p wwWH wkodR -H ]zifh "mwGef \f-ukd w-y? emrfi?hJ
od-ouf? owMKydwm'Derm odoRd Hodavmayg p-]zifh tm-yI od-acs`
0wMK-Y 0o+wk? uGpd "mwk-]zifh oW-oH<kwfudk wM-y? emrfiJh od, ouf, acs`
wpfenf:-omom'D[d \wMK-]zifv
h nf: yD:dik o
f nf` (TokwfSifh rqkdif)
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
273
\wMK-ypPn:f
omo-tkod rd ?dS (oGeof ifq:kH r]cif:)
566` omom'D[d \wMK`
omo, 0oponfaemifrS \wMK-ypPn:f ouf`
owMm-Y ykvid f owMm'd }kE
d :f , 0wMK-Yum: eykvid ,f \wWm'd}E
dk :f `
* omo, 0o? ponfr?S ouf\ \wMK vdi,f }dE
k :f |`
omowDwd owMm? 0owd {wMmwd 0wMK`
568` rmem'D[d \mwk`
rme-paom"mwfwahdk emif \mwk-ypPn:f ouf`
* rme, bmo? ponfr?S ouf\ \mwk }dE
k :f owMK`
rme, ylZm<H? (ylaZmf]rwf:kd ]cif:)
ykwHW rmaewDwd rmwm`
bmo-0d<wW<
d H 0gpm<H? (yD]yifxif|mS :aompum:) ykaA bmowDwd bmwm`
567` yg'dawm \dwk`
yg, "\-paom "mwfaemif \dw-k ypPn:f ouf`
* yg Sihf "\? ponfrS aemuf? \dw-k a\muf? razguf 'DC, "Dwm]y`
"Dwm-Y uGpd "mwk-]zifh 'DCy`
yg-\uQaE? (apmifah |Smuf]cif:)
ykwHW ygwd \uQww
D d ydwm`
"\-"m\aE? (aqmif]cif:)
rmwmydw[
l d "\D<wDwd "Dwm`
|kyw
f u
G -f
owMm-Y omof+\wMK? \rSd \am \m'd aem-]zifh "mwGef iS w
hf uG ypPn:f \-tkAefuakd cs?
o, cGi:f , acs? uyf? emrfi?hJ od-ouf?owMKydwm'Derm-paomokw]f zifh tm-y? od-acs`
0wMK-Y 0o+ \wMK? omom'D[d \wMK-]zifh \wMK-ypPn:f ouf? \rSd \am \m'd aem-]zifh
"mwGef iS w
hf uG ypPn:f \-tkAefuakd cs? 0-cGi:f ? acs,uyf? emrfihJ od-ouf, acs? (eykvid ,f \wWm'd}E
kd :f )
"Dwm-Y "\f+ \dw?k "mwGef iS w
hf uG ypPn:f \-tkAefuakd cs? uGpd "mwk-]zifh T-'DC-y`
upPn:f usr:f Y rmem'D[\d mwk-]zifh \mwk-ouf? uGp"d mwk]zifh tm-ukd T-yonf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
274
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
EkypPn:f
650` umav 0wWrmemwDaw EGm'a<m`
ypPKyev
f nf:]zpf, twdwv
f nf:]zpfaom umvuko
d t
d yfaom Ek-paomypPn:f
ouf`
|kyw
f u
G -f
|kyw
f u
G -f
275
bduKQ -Y \rSd \am \m'd aem-]zifh ypPn:f \-tkAefuakd cs? uGpd "mwk-]zifh \y`
oAnL-Y oA++|l? a'Gabmfaqmif`
um|k-Y u\f+Ek? um|dw
k if ?hJ E-tkAefacs? 0k'd y`
0g<k-Y 0g+Ek? tmum\merma<m-]zifh tm<-y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
El-ypPn:f
276
O-ypPn:f
armvmeftqdo
k v
hkd u
kd I
f O-ypPn:f qdo
k nf? |lyod'Yd um: Ek-ypPn:f [k qdo
k nf`
bdu-Q <mpae? (awmif:]cif:) bduw
Q d oDavemwd bduKQ ` (upPn:f Y |l-ypPn:f [k qkod nf)
wpfenf:` `uQ-'eauFo?k (junf|h KS ]cif:, trSw]f yK]cif:) b<H uQwd oDavemwd bduKQ `
y-}wdr?dS (}wdteuf)
ywd oDavemwd yK`
r\-ygEpma}? (toufupdk eG ]hf cif:,ao]cif:) r\wd oDavemwd r|k`
om"-oHo'd rd ?dS (aumif:pmG yD:]cif:)
twWwM y\wMH oma"wDwd om"k`
'd-y\rd\da<? (tpdk : \]cif:)
Nwd y\rd\d<H ua\mwDwd NK`
re-aE? (od]cif:)
rewd ZmemwDwd rk`
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615` "mwG avmayg uGdrSd`
uG-d ypPn:f ajumihf "mwGeu
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'do-yuQae? (junfh|]cif:)
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280
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281
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283
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
284
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285
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287
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d wf
pwkw0DM b
d wfonf or'gef, uH, tyg'gef, omrD, owWr,D earm<SO\f m paomteuf
wkYhd oufonf`
* or'gef, uH? yg'gef, omrD? owWrv
D si?f earm <SO\f m? ponfrmS ? oufyg pwkw`DM
odvmCponf<OS \f m- Ak'
odvmCaw` [kaw r<Sar0 tmvywd? Oywda<s
ousyw
k mW eH 0uD? wk<HS oyaw? ok0H aw "m\<aw? ord'g eH yd[<d 'vd'gN ?
aum"<wd a'0'wW? 'k[<wd 'domeH araCm? wdwMd<m orEmeH <d
}kE}da'e? 'kZe m }kE0meH Ool<d }kE}da'e`
294
295
Ak'
twMm< ZD0w
d H y\dpZP mrd`
avmumkurm<? zmok0[
d m\m<`
296
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
yOPr0D b
d wf
yOPr0D b
d wfonf tyg'gef, o[m'da<m}, omrD, uH, [dw,f um\E, tm"m\,
u|dE
k :f teufwYhdk oufonf`
* yg'gef, o[m'd? omrd, uH, a[? wpfaxG um\E? tm"m\euf? u|kE
d :f pGu?f
oufav yOPrD`
orRKwdya<m}-
bd<sya<m} -
owWrswM -
wk<OS
P tm0d ua\mrd? w ar oaUm ygwk\a[mod`
297
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
298
edygwa<m}tyg'gef - \daw o'rmR ukawm okcH vbwd? \daw o'r?HR \daw o'arRe
0g? 0dem Ak'o
mR ? 0dem Ak'?H 0dem Aka'e 0g`
um\urtyg'gef - awm yuQomR 0dwd rd}H vk'aN um? aumom 0dwd ukO\ ?H
rmooRm bkOw
d abmZeH`
* uH, yg'gefv<f? ud<mv<f[?k Spo
f <
G u
f mv? a'o'? um\urac;`
p-o'Ng]zifh t]cm:aomteufY yOPr0D b
d wfouf\ef tyg'geftrnfrn
S `hf
<awm[H b}ded t\d<m< Zmwd<m Zmawm? <awm o\mrd twWmeH? <awm
ybkw?d <awm ym<`
273` \uQEwMmerdpw
d `H
wm:]rpf, apmihaf |Smuf]cif:teuf|adS om "mwfw>
hkd tvd|k t
dS yfaom um\uonf
tyg'gefrnf>`
t"dum\po'Ng]zifh tedpw
d um\uukv
d nf: tyg'geftrnfrn
S `hf
umau \uQd wKvm? <0g ydaoa"d }ga0g? ygyg pdwHW ed0g\a<`
274` a<e 0g 'eH`
r]rifatmif yke:f uG<\f mum\uonf tyg'gefrnf>`
Oym<m t\"m<wd odam`
299
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
ok'w
yM a<m}tyg'gef avmbeDa<[d "arR[d oka'g toHoam`
yarmpewMya<m}tyg'gef- y\drak wWm 'kuo
Q mR wd 0'grd? rkawWmoRd rm\Aem`
a[wGwt
M yg'gef uoRm k wkrHS '[\m erD<a\`
0d0w
d w
W t
M yg'gef 0d0ad wWm ygyum "rRm? 0d0ad pP0 umar[d`
yrmEwMtyg'gef - 'DCaom e0 0d'wMad <m ok}w0d'wM<
d m yrmEdum uma\wAm`
ykAa <m}tyg'gef ykaA0 oarm"m`
AewMtyg'gef owoRm Aam ea\m? wwd<m p? oawe Aam ea\m
\nm
EawMe`
}kE0petyg'gef - yknm< ok}wd H <d? pm}g< 0dyv
k H "eH`
yOuxetyg'gef - tbd"rRm ykp?d tbd"rRH okwmG ? tbd"arR XwGm 0g`
tbd"rRm ux<d? tbd"rRH okwmG ? tbd"arR XwGm
0g`
axmuwMtyg'gef - axmum rkp
P ?d tyrwWum rkp
P ?d wwd<m p? axmaue
tyrwWaue`
a[wkuwWm:r[kwaf om yua[wktyg'gef- urR uwwWm OypdwwWm
OwWm 0dyv
k wWm OyH a[mwd puQK0dnmEH`
qD0b
d wf
qD0b
d wfonf omrD, uH, u|kE
d :f , uwWm:, o[m'da<m}, t0"d, tyg'gef, ed'g
\E, tem'\teuf, omrdponf<OS \f m teufwYhdk oufonf`
* omrD, urR? u\E, uwf? wpf\yf o[m'd? t0"d, tm"m? ed',f tem-Si?hf
<SO\f m omrd? tp\Sd oufbd qD 0d`
300
296` um\EawM p`
um\E-teufY yOPr0D b
d wfouf`
p-o'Ng]zifh o[a<m}, bkr,dR ore,f uH, [dw,f u|kE
d :f teufwYhdk vnf: yOPr0D d
bwf ouf`
tekaAm"m tyad 0"m pwkH t\d<opPmeH <xmblwH t'em? t0dZm ypP<m
ocFg\m`
o[ y\deAd m em? <awm acrH? yk\o
d oRm yg'g zvd o
H ?k tyomvm< tm<d?
uoRm erD<a\? o[wMm 'geH a'wd`
301
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
308` qD p`
wwd<m, owWrt
D eufY qD0b
d wfouf`
yky
Ak'H <Zwd? yl\wd Amavm ygy? \anm ylZad wm? ukovm epP}w
D ?
b}0awm yom`
309` 'kwd<m yOPrDeOP`
'kw<
d m, yOPrt
D eufY qD0b
d wfouf`
p-o'Ng]zifh o[m'da<m}teufY qD0b
d wfouf`
w b0d 0wWma\m? urR um\aum? t0ewm< "rR y\d[m<d?
oaAwod '? ydwk o'daom`
owWr0D b
d wf
owWr0D b
d wfonf joumo, ed'g \E, tem'\, uH, u|kE
d :f , edrw
d ,f t0"d, or
'gef, umv, bm0teuf, omrd<OS \f mpaomteufwYhdk oufonf`
* joumoeuf? wpfcsuf ed'g ? tem, urR? u\E, ed? t0"d, or'g? umvm,
bm0? <SO\f omrd? tp\Sd oufbd owWr`D
310` urRu\Eedrw
d aW wMok owWr`D
uH, u|dE
k :f , edrw
d t
f eufwYhdk owWr0D b
d wfouf`
bduLQ ok tbd0ga'd? [awMok ydm< p\d? 'Dyd parRok [naw`
302
303
304` ed'g\aE p`
uESm }g0Dok or cD\wrm`
305` tem'a\ p`
|k'oRd H 'g\au yAZd ydwm`
311` or'gae p`
or'gefteufY owWr0D b
d wfouf`
oHaC 'dH r[yv`H
312` yOPrsawM p`
yOPrt
D eufY owWr0D b
d wfouf`
p-o'Ng]zifh oret
f euf, yxrmteufwYhdk vnf: owWr0D b
d wfouf`
u'vDok }aZ \uQ?d 'rd Aka' \weH yEDw?H 'r
d oDvoRd `H
rSwcf su`f `TyxrmteufY owWr0D b
d wfoufru
dk ed'g \aEp-Y p-]zifh oufonf[k
vnf: qkjd uao:onf`
304
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
305
313` umvbma0ok p`
umvteuf, bma0e bm0vuQEteufwYhdk owWr0D b
d wfouf`
ykA o
S ra< }awm? om<Sora< tm}awm? bduLQ ok abmZD<rmaeok
}awm? bkawWok tm}awm`
314` Oy"sm"dud\0pae`
Oyo'Ng, t"do'Ngwkhd iS <
hf OS \f mY t"duteuf, \teufuakd [mvwfaomf
owWr0D b
d wfouf`
Oycg\d<H a'gaEm? OyedauQ u[myEH? t"d]A[R'awW yOPmvm? t"deapPok
a}gwrD`
315` rdw
k ak Uok wwd<m p`
junfvif]cif:teuf, tm:xkw]f cif:teufwu
hdk dk odtyfaomf wwd<m, owWrD
0dbwf ouf`
aEe EoRd H 0g yoam? OkaUm`
um\uykdif:yD:>`
ormofykdif:
ormof
316` emrmeH ormaom <kwaW wMm`
aygif:tyf, pyftyfaomteuf|adS om emrfy'k rf sm:ukd aygif:pyfxm:]cif:onf ormof
rnfonf`
* aygif:, pyf tyf]im:? emrfy'k rf sm:? rSwo
f m: ormo`
ormofpyf\rnfh emrfy'k rf sm:Y |kVeD yd gwf? |kVeD mrf? trnf, }kE,f Zmwfudk a[maom
tmcsmwfy'k rf sm:vnf:yg0ifonf`
1` |kVeD yd gwfiS o
hf rmof]zpfyHk - a< 0g ye "rRm = a< 0g ye-w\m:?
2` |kVeD mrfy'k f iS o
hf rmof]zpfyHk - < <wM 0ga\m = < <wM 0g\?
r<SuoukaEm = r<SuiSu?f
ewkrmS uH 0ag = e wkrmS uH0}f`
3` trnfa[mtmcsmwfy'k f iS o
hf rmof]zpfy-Hk ruQvd a}gomavm= ruQvd a}gomvrnf
aomol`
4` }kEaf [mtmcsmwfy'k f iS o
hf rmof]zpfyH-k {[dydaum= vmvSnhf |vn
S hf [laom
tpDt\ifxu
dk >
f `
5` Zmwfa[mtmcsmwfy'k f iS o
hf rmof]zpfyHk- twMd ypPa<m, ewMd ypPa<m`
(twMd,ewMd-wkdhonfypPnf:Zmwf wpfrsKd:]zpfonf`)
* edygwf,|kV?D emrf|Vk D iS ?hf trnf, }kE,f Zmwf? a[mtmcsmwf? ormof ]zpfonfom`
307
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
ormof 6-rsKd:
ormofonf tAs<b
D m0, urR"m\<, 'd},k wyK\do, A[kA[
D ,d 'GN tm:]zifh 6rsK:d ]ym:onf`
* tAs, urR? 'd, wyf, A? 'GN a]cmuformof`
306
tAs<Dabmormof
319` OyoedygwykAa um tAs<Dbma0g`
Oyom\, edygwfwhdk a|S|]dS ymef:aomormofonf tAs<aD bmormof rnfonf`
<if: tAs<aD bmormofonf eykvid ]f zpfonf`
* Oyom\? edygw-wk?hd a|Su|Sad e? ]ymef:acs? ac;av As<d eyko
H `d
316` emrmeH ormaom <kwaW wMm`
317` awoH 0dbwWad <m avmyg p`
xk<
d w
k w
W o
M rmofw>
hdk 0dbwfwu
hdk dk acs`
awoH-o'Ng]zifh ormof, w'w
d ,f tmcsmwf, udww
f >
hdk 0dbwf, ypPn:f , yk',f tuQ\m,
tm}kw
H u
hdk v
dk nf:acs`
po'Ngonf ybuFa\m-ponfY 0dbwfacs]cif:ukd wm:]rpfonf`
* ormof,w'?d 0gus\v
dS wf? 0dbwf,ypP<? y',tuQ\m? tm}kyH g? yD:cg ausap
csKdraus`
318` yuwd p o\`
o\tqH:k |Sad om <kww
W o
M rmofvid u
f dk yuwdy`
po'Ng]zifh ud H ork'a<m 'H ypP<wm-paom ed[dwyk'u
f v
dk nf: yuwdy`
* acsyD: wku
H ? uif: y'? rlv yuwd`
308
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
ormof|yk w
f u
G pf Of
ormof|yk w
f u
G \f mY 1`
yk'w
f nfxm:]cif:? (Oye}\H-ukd Oy o'Ng, e}\ o'Ng-wnf)
2`
ormof0gus]zpfatmif emrf|yk w
f u
G ]f y]cif:? (Oy+e}\)
3`
0guseufudk az;]y]cif:? (e}\ orDy-H [laomteufY)
4`
ormofpyfI rsK:d qkid \f m ormof trnfrn
S ?hf (Oyoedygw ykAa um tAs<b
D ma0g]zifh Oy-Sihf e}\-ukd ormofpyfI tAs<aD bmtrnfrn
S hf ponf)
5`
omrnormoftrnfrn
S ?hf (emrmeH ormaom <kwaW wMm-]zifh ormoftrnf rSn)hf
6`
ormof0guswiG :f \Sd 0dbwf-ponfuadk cs? (awoH 0dbwWad <m avmyg p-]zifh
ormof> 0dbwfwu
hdk adk cs? awoH-o'Ng]zifh yk',f tuQ\m,tm}kpH onfwu
hdk adk cs)
7`
yuwdy? (yuwdp o\-]zifh Oy e}\-[kyuwdy)
8`
emrfi?hJ (w'w
d -paomokw]f zifh Oye}\-[laomormofy'k u
f dk emrfuu
dk o
hJ hdk iJ)h
ormofwdkif:Y TqkdcJhyD:wdkif: yuwdyonfwdkifatmifpD\if\rnf? yuwdyyD:
aemuf t]cm:vdt
k yfonfrsm:udk oufqidk \f m ormoftm:avsmpf mG qufvufp\D if\rnf`
* yk'w
f nf, 0gus? teuf]yI? a]cmuf0qkid \f m? pyfonmSi?hf omref ormof?
acsvwf, yuwd? emrfib
hJ ?d rSwo
f d ormof|yk w
f u
G pf Of`
Oyom\a\S\Sad om tAs<Dabmrsm:
e}\ orDyH Oye}\H? Oyuk`H
|kyw
f u
G -f
Oye}\H-udk Oy-o'Ng, e}\-o'Ngwnf? e}\ orDyH-[laom teufY Oyo
edygwykAaum tAs<Dbma0g-]zifh Oy-ifh e}\-ukd ormofpyfI tAs<DabmtrnfrSnfh? emrmeH
ormaom <kwaW wMm-]zifh <kww
W o
M rmoft rnfrn
S ?hf awoH 0dbwWad <m avmyg p-]zifh ormof>
0dbwfwu
hdk adk cs? awoH-o'Ng]zifh o-tm}ku
H adk cs? yuwdp o\-]zifh Oy e}\-[kyuwdy?
w'w
d -paomokw]f zifh Oye}\-ukd emrfi?hJ aom eyko
H uvda}Fg-]zifh eykvid [
f k rSw?f od-ouf? tH
0dbwWeD rum\m tAs<b
D m0g-]zifh tH-y? cGi:f ? acs? uyf? Oye}\H-yD:>`
309
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
310
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
311
urR"m\<ormof
urR"m\< 9-yg:
urR"m\<ormofonf 0daooeykAy ', 0daookw\W y', 0daooaemb<y',
Oyrmkw\W y', om0emykAy ', t0"m\EykAy ', eedygwykAy ', ukyAk y ', yg'dyAk y 'tm:]zifh 9-yg:]ym:>`
* 0dao-ykA? OwW\-Si?hf Ob<yg? Oyrm,orf? wpfzef t0"m? e,uk, yg? uk:d ]zm urR"m\m<f`
324` 'Gyd a' wkvsm"du\aE urR"m\a<m`
wlaomwnf\mteuf|adS om Spyf 'k u
f dk pyftyfaomormofonf urR"m\<f
ormofrnf>`
* 0daooe? 0daoos? y'Spq
f ?l t\wl? rSw<
f l urR"m\m<f`
* urR"m\<? 0d[rSm? p,w-o'Ng? yg,ryg? Sp]f zmvk:H yifoif`h
* 0d}dK[f y\m? yk'w
f ikd :f rSm? yxrm0dbwfiS `hf
330` r[wH r[m wkvsm"du\aE ya'`
wkvsm"du\Eaemufy'k af jumihf r[-o'Ngukd r[m-y`
r[wH-[laomA[k0peo'Ngyk]d zifh tcsKd r[-vnf:y`
* wkvsm"du\E? aemufy'ajumif?h r[-rSm? y r[m? \Hcg r[-y`
326` Oab wyK\dom`
urR"m\<f, 'd}-k ormofwo
hdk nf wyK\dorf nfuek >
f `
* aemufy'k t
f \? y"meajumif?h urR,'d}?k TSpcf k ac;rwyK\do`f
r[am yk\ad om r[myk\ad om? r[am p aom yk\ad om pmwd 0g r[myk\ad om`
|kyw
f u
G -f
r[myk\ad om-udk r[+yk\o
d -wnf? r[am p aom yk\ad om pmwd-[laom teufY
'Gyd a' paomokw]f zifh r[Sihf yk\o
d -ukd ormofpyfI urR"m\m<ftrnfrn
S ?hf Oab wyK\dom]zifh wyK\dot
f rnfrn
S ?hf emrmeH-paomokw]f zifh ormoftrnfrn
S ?hf awoH 0dbwWad <m avmyg p]zifh ormof> 0dbwfwu
hdk dk acs? awoH-o'Ng]zifh p-o'Ng, w-o'Ngwdu
hk akd cs? yuwdy? r[wH r[mpaom okwf]zifh r[m-y? emrfiJh? od-ouf? jo-y? r[myk\daom-yD:>`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
\wWvwm? 'kw<
d bdumQ ? ]Am[RED p om 'g\dum pmwd ]Am[RE'g\dum? em}rmE0dum`
eNmayguQ\ED? pNma'0D-ponfwYhdk onmo'Ng]zpfaomajumifh ykvid f riJ\h `
312
|kyw
f u
G -f
oyK\daom-udk o+yk\o
d -wnf? 'Gyd a'-paomokw]f zifh o-Sihf yk\o
d -udk ormof pyfI
urR"m\<ftrnfrn
S ?hf wyK\dof trnfrn
S ?hf ormoftrnfrn
S ?hf 0dbwfacs? p-o'Ng, w-o'Ngwdu
hk akd cs?
yuwdy?oo'N aom ab aAm paY p-]zifh o-udk o-y? y-a'Gabmfaqmif? emrfi-hJ ponf`
ykauFmudavm-udk ykr+aumudv-o'Ngwnf? ykrm p aom aumudavm p-teufY 'Gyd a'
wkvsm"du\aE urR"m\a<m-]zifh ykr-Sihf aumudv-udk ormofpyfI urR"m\m<f trnfrn
S ?hf
wyK\dorf n
S ?hf emrmeH-paom okw]f zifh ormoftrnfrn
S ?hf awoH 0dbwWad <m avmyg p-]zifh ormof>
0dbwfwu
hkd akd cs? awoH-o'Ng]zifh p-o'Ng, w-o'Ngwdu
hk akd cs? yuwdy? ykr vd}gF 'Dok ormaook]zifh ykr-> tqk:H t-udak cs? y-cGi:f ? v-rSn?hf tHarm ed[DwH vay[d-]zifh ed[dwf y? 0y?
emrfi-hJ ponf`
cwWd<unm-udk cwWd<m+unm-wnf? cwWd<m p om unmpmwd-[laom teufY
'Gyd a' -paomokw]f zifh cwW<
d m-Sihf unm-udk ormofpyfI urR"m\nf: trnfrn
S ?hf wyK\dorf n
S ?hf
emrmeH-paom okwf]zifh ormoftrnfrSnfh? awoH 0dbwWda<m avmyg p-]zifh ormof>
0dbwfwdkhudkacs? awoH-o'Ng]zifh p-o'Ng, w-o'Ngwdkhudkacs? cwWd<m unm-[k yuwdy?
urR"m\<oan p-]zifh cwW<
d m-[laom a|S yh 'k u
f kd ykvid u
f u
kd o
hJ ihkd ?hJ emrfi?hJ od-ouf, acs`
313
0daookw\W y'urR"m\m<f
om\dyak wWm p aom axa\m pmwd om\dyw
k aW wMa\m? Ak'a Cmomp\da<m? ra[m
o"ydawm? a[wkypPa<m? ZD0w
d y"meH e0uH ZD0w
d e0uH? 0wMK p wH 0daoaom pmwd
0wMK0daoaom` (urR"m\<0d[Y w-o'Ngonf a|S yh 'k vf id of hkd vduk af vh|odS nf )
* urR"m\<? w-o'N? a|S u
h vdio
f v
hkd u
kd `f
0daooaemb<y'urR"m\m<f
oDwOP wH OESOmP wd oDwE
k ?HS ode'd K aESm? cOcak Zm? tA"da\m? uwmuwH`
Oyrmkw\W y'urR"m\m<f
(oDa[m 0d<mwd oDa[m) rked p aom oDa[m pmwd rkeo
d aD [m? rke0d oabm?
rkeyd }k aF 0g? Ak'e ma}g? Ak'g 'dapPm? o'r\R o
H ?d 0de<om}a\m? rkcpaNm? rkcy'kr`H
om0emykAy 'urR"m\m<f
"arRm wd Ak'd "rRAk'd? "rRonm? "rRocFgawm? "rRorRawm? ygEondwm?
tokbonm? twW'd `d
|kyw
f u
G -f
ZD0dwe0uH-ukd ZD0dwy"me+e0u-wnf? ZD0dwy"meH e0uH-[laom teufY 'Gdya'paomokw]f zifh ZD0w
d y"me-Sihf e0u-udk ormofpyfI urR"m\<ftrnfrn
S ?hf wy\o
d t
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339
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340
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342
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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343
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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344
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r- ypm Zmawm ypad rm? yprd m Zewm? ypdrH pdw?HW tdarm? rZdarm? yk\ad rm`
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f u
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Am\mEao<saum-Y Am\mEoD+aE<s? oAawm aum-]zifh u-vm`
345
<-ypPn:f
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346
347
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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rmwk rmwm rmwmr[D(tzGm:)? rmwk ydwm rmwmra[m(tzd:k )? ydwk rmwk ydwmr[D?
ydwk ydwm ydwmra[m`
* rmwk-aemufbuf? Ov-ouf? teuf bmwk-rSm`
rmwk<m bmwm rmwkavm(OD;BuD;? OD;av;)`
372` wyuwd0pae ra<m`
wyuwd-teufudk a[m\mY r<-ypPn:f ouf`
ra<m-[laoma<m}0dbm}]zifh ouwfteufYvnf: r<-ouf`
* wyuwdeuf? r<-ouf? wpfcsuf edA, ouwM`
wyuwdteuf, edAw
t
W eufwYdk r<-ypPn:f ouf`
ok0ae yuwH ok0r<H? aom0r<H 0g? \Zwr<H? '<
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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360` EswWwm bma0 wk`
abm-teufY qd<vdiaf emif Es, wW, wm-ypPn:f ouf`
wk-o'Ng]zifh wWe, aE<s-ponfvnf:ouf`
* Es, wW-Si?hf wWe-ok:H ]zm? eyk:H om? wm-rSm wMD rJ`
tvo bma0g tmvos?H {0H tma\m}s?H O' bma0g jo'}s?H ocdaem
bma0g ocsF ?H tEE bma0g tmEEs?H 0d"0g< bma0g a0"As?H 'kAv
bma0g
'kAv
s?H pyv bma0g pmyvs`H
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d ?H (awok0k'd-]zifh <-ajumifh a\SY -vm) rp\ bma0g
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d ?H \d<?H tmvod<`H
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k bma0g
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rkwd bma0g rkpP?H ukov bma0g aumov?H a0ykv?H ormemeH bma0g
omrnH?}dvme bma0g a}vnH`
ok[' bma0g aom[Z?H a0om\Z?H uko'D bma0g aumoZ?H (awok0'k -d ]zifh
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tmvos-H Y tvo-yk'af emif Es-ouf? E-tkAefacs? 0k'd y? t0am a< avmyOP]zifh o-> t-udak cs? uyf? emrfi-hJ ponf`
jo'}s-H Y oabmwl }-wpfv:Hk udak cs`
omrnH-Y orme+Es? E-tkAefacs? 0k'dy? s-ukd -y? a'Gabmfaqmif? uGpm'd
rKwW\meH-ponf]zifh rm-> tm-ukd \y`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
361` E 0dorm'D[d`
0dor-paom qd<-o'Ngaemif abmteufY E-ypPn:f ouf`
0dor bma0g a0orH? 0dorwW?H 0dorwm` }|kaem bma0g }g\a0g? yKaem
bma0g yg0H? yKwW?H yKwm` OZkaem bma0g tZ0?H OZkwm? rk'w
k m`
od bma0g tm\d?H (tm\dos)H Oob bma0g tmobH? <k0
bma0g a<mAe?H y\rmeH bma0g, urRH 0g yg\rD? orgeH bma0g omrD`
350
351
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}g\a0g-Y }|k-yk'af emif E-ouf? E-tkAefacs? 0k'd y? jo oa\ p-Y p-]zifh O-ukd t0y? emrfi-hJ ponf`
tZ0-H Y OZk+E-? E-tkAefacs? tmwWO-P ]zifh tp O-ukd tm-y? jo oa\ p-Y p-]zifh
Zk-> O-ukd t0-y? Z-a'Gabmfaqmif? uGpm'd-paom okw]f zifh \y`
tm\dH? (tm\dosH) -Y od+E-? E-tkAefacs? tp -ukd tm-yI \d-vm?
(tm\do+d t) [k]zpfaomtcg 0am <H e0g-]zifh <-y? os-udk <0wH-ponfY um\o'Ng]zifh
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a<mAe-H Y <k0+ E? awok0'k -d ]zifh e-vm`
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ponf`
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
352
0daoow'w
d f
363` 0daoao w\wrdou
d <
d d m`
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* w\, wr? odu-Si?hf <-wpf]zm? -yg? ouf\m 0daoo`
0daoaoe ygaygwd ygywa\m? ygywarm? ygydoad um? ygyda<m? ygydam`
262` 0k aZm <daok`
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* <, ? aSmif:wku
H rl? 0k-udk Z? yowM? o, Z-Sprf sK:d y`
0daoaoe 0kamwd aZa<sm? aZam`
263` yowM aom p`
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aZa<sm? aZam` (yowM-udk Z-y)
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f u
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f ad vmumbd0o
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353
354
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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vnf:ouf`
* ar"m, rm<m? yk'af emufom? oufyg 0D-od? twM`d
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365` wyg'dawm oD`
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d eufY wy-paomo'Ngaemif oD-ypPn:f ouf`
* wyg'dr?S oD-ouf\? t twM-d euf`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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355
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
356
t|Siw
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357
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ocsmF o'Ng wdahk emif xdu
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385` 'Gw
d [
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ocsmF yl\EteufY 'G,d wd-o'Ngwkahd emif wd<-ypPn:f ouf`
386` wda< 'kwmyd p`
wd<-ypPn:f ajumihf 'G-d o'Ngukd 'k-y? wd-o'Ngukd w-y`
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* 'G-d ukd 'k-y? wd, w-y? aSmif:r wd<-ponfae`
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d m? 'kw<
d `H
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384` pwkap[d x, Xm`
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373` ocsFmyl\aE arm`
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arm-[laom a<m}0dbm}]zifh ouwfteufYvnf: r-ouf`
yOPH yl\aEm yOParm` yOPr?D yOPrm 0D\<
d yg\rD?(wMd<rawm tmypPa<m-]zifh tm-ypPnf:ouf)
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358
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387` aworKyya'e tK 'd0 'd<wd<m`
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hf uG pwkwo
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d o'Ngukd 'd0, 'd<
-y? wwd<o'Ngukd twd<-y`
* t-yg pwkw?M tK-od? 'kw<
d rSm? 'd0m, 'd<? wwd<? twd<-y`
tae pwkawMm tKam? tae 'kwad <m 'd0am? 'd<am? tae wwda<m
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383` a'Gume rmuma\m 0g`
aemufy'k af Smif:\m ocsmF t\mY 'G,d {u, t-wdk > tqk:H o\udk tm-y`
* 'G,d {u, t? qk:H o\ tm? yk'af Smif:\m? ocsmF t\mwGi`f
{aum p 'o p {um'o? {aue 0g t"dum 'o {um'o`
375` {um'dawm 'oD`
{u-ponfraS emuf]zpfaom 'o-aemif (odrhk [kw)f {um'o-ponf aemif
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rSwfcsuf` ` T-ypP<yk'o
f nf wMv
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* {um'o? ponfaemufbuf? ]ynfah jumif:euf? T-ouf csKd \m wMrd mS `
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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359
360
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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362
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toD:oD:`
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367
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368
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to|ly? o\aSmif:]yef? a|S 0Ef? \Hzef <-ty`
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, T, O,OD? wM<
d u
l ? y-rnfju? , v-rnfxw
k f xD r[kw`f
o\aSmif: ? y <? O0 v-udx
k m:`
o\aSmif:u? yg, ykxaemuf? }-vma\muf? razmuf yg-\`
o\aSmif:u? <, 0, rSi?hf ', e, w, \? vSihf }? vm\ Asn:f oufouf`
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qef:apmifo
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qef:apmif,h tm}k?H aSmif:wkH oH<}k ?f \ xkw?f tcsKyf Asn:f aSmif:\m`
aomSihf {aom? tqH:k jorSm? Asn:f aSmif:\m? acsum t-vnf:vm`
w v e '? <-<SOu
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hf OS jf u? o, x, ", Em? pOfwidk :f omvi?f o,
qm, , ? yuke\f >? u, p, , y? 0}fav:0? y\ xyfwo
l m`
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o\, Asnf:>? a|Sywd? yd-tcsdKy`
Asn:f aSmif:avu? ykx t-ay? O-yavI? wpfaxG ykx? r[kwu
f vnf:?
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369
370
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
}od a|S t
h ? ydwk p,>? qk:H o\ud?k tm-yqd?k csKd u
h kd \y`
}-rnf, rrnf? od-Spv
f ?D ausyD rvd\k m`
oRd ,H oRm? em-ok:H ]zm0d? t-aemif|?dS ybd {, tm, {e-yg`
oRm, oRd ,H [d? rSm, rS,d bd Si?hf o-0da|S rh mS ? o-vnf:vm? t-rSm {- a]ymif: ok,
[d-aSmif:`
ok, eH, [d-rS? a|S o
h \? 'DC tcsKd h y`
oRd ,H o, em? od, aom, omSi?hf tH-rSm jo-rSw?f ormof, w'?d v<f jo-od?
use|f dS yk-wdik :f raem}kE
d :f `
rem'd-rS? oRd ,H o, em? , jo, tm-y? o-vmr? jo-y tHrmS o-rvm`
em, o, oRd 0H ?d om, aom, od-qk:H ? ud<muH? jocH 0duyf? ormof,w'?d v<f
jo od? oH:k |Sd raem}dE
k :f vuQEm`
Adv-H tp? yk'|f pS 0f ? tp wpft}Fg `
tmayg-p]zm? yk'w
f rhkd mS ? Sp]f zm aemuft}Fg`
t[-aemuf|?dS oRd H 0drmS ? O, ed-Sp0f ? \[-aemufum:? jo-y]im:? rSwo
f m:
awok0'k `f
t-aemifreS m? aom-y\m? csKd rh mS ,O-aemuf aom-y`
tH, o-a|S rh ?S K-t-Si?hf }, o-csev
f yS ?f uif:0dbwfwkd ? aSmif:vwf K?
tqk:H O? t-y yk}E
dk :f wl`
}- tH, t0Ef? eH-wH, od-tm? em-wm, o-awm? y-0d a<mrSm? am-om?
Kyg oRd -H wd`
\mZm, owMm? }kE
d :f Sp]f zmSi?hf K-yg trS? wkr-S aemufwiG ?f oRm-0if? vdv
k if
em-odhk a]ymif:`
od-aSmif: ? tH-y\? csKd r r[m-ponf tm` (=udk ew-[kzwf)
-udu
k JG ? K-iJ?h vdw
k hJ |kyf yD:\ef`
od-rS uif:use?f |kyaf e[ef? Spw
f ef }k, }pf twl]zpf`
b0-r? abm-y? aSmif:r a<m, em, o`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
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371
tcsKd o
h ? o-y|? aSmif: b-a|S rh mS A-vnf:vm`
\mZ, ]A[R? twW-p]zm? aemuf od-tm Si?hf a<mrSm tmaem? csKd aem-rSe?f
0dbwf tH? tmeH tcsKd y`
\mZ- o'Ng? 0dbwfygSi?hf \nm emaSmif:? o- aSmif: \anm? \mZdaem- ay?
oRd aH erl? \an, \mZde?d eH-aSmif:bd? rSwo
f d \nH-y`
ok, eH, [d-rS? a|S \h mZ-ud?k \mZk-qd?k qk:H udk -y em-aSmif:r`
]A[R-qk:H t? O-y\? em, o, eH-aSmif: csKd t\m`
, T, O,OD? wM<
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l ? y-rnfju? , v-rnfxw
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]A[R, twW? csKd urR Si?hf rk'- p aemuf? oRd H a\muf? razmuf ed-ty`
twW-qk:H t? emaSmif: t? te-ok, [d-aSmif:`
oc-qk:H t? aem, em, o-wd?hk aSmif:u -y? ok, [d, eH,tH? aSmif:wk]H yefr?l
\Hzef tm\? oc-aemuf a<m? tma<m, aem? yavm oRd H { `
oc-aemuf }? t, tm, , T? {-ig:vDy? rSw|f od? p|Sd aemuf }? {-y\?
vd}F od ay wpfcsKd { `
y, 'k Yom? tmwkrmum:? wlpmG twW? uif:or? yk\o
d Siw
hf `l
oRd aH <m od? }-aSmif:bdr?l a|S |h dS ykr? tqk:H t-rSm? 0dbwfyg? tmae,tmaem,
tm Sif t
h `H
ykr, urR? xmr-rSm? O-y\m? o, em, oRm-aSmif:`
ykr-qk:H t? tm-y\? csKd r em, ok-aSmif:`
[d-aSmif: ykr? tqk:H t? csKd r tmaey`
od-Sio
hf ,k em? aSmif:avygu? rC0, <k0? tqk:H t-rSm? tm-y\m? od-rSm
wuGy`
rC0,<k0? tqk:H t? tmeywk?H 0dbwfp`Hk
t'-qk:H t? wuGo,d a<m? tm, tmaemy? tH, [d, ok-rS? a|S t
h me-]zm? okaSmif: tm? O-rSm oRm, em, o-aSmif:`
372
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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t|Siw
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H (tif:pde)f
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373
374
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
'dom0gpu? ykA- paemuf? y,a<m-a\muf? csiahf xmuf Spaf xG {, tm-ae`
oAemr? tqk:H t-rSm? eH amif:\m {-omy|d:k wnf:`
oAemrfaemuf? eH-0ifa\muf? razmuf oH, omeH`
oAemr? C Sihf y-rS? oRd H o? y\ oH Sihf om`
{u0kppf ?k oH,om-yajumif?h rSw|f o-vm? C-rnftm? csKd rh mS \y`
rsuu
f <
G rf mS w? {w teD:? vGeef :D r? 'l\ trk? tar:|? a[mr ud o
H 'Ng`
trk, {w? w-o'Nyg? r, w-rSm o? odaSmif:u? Sp0f xD, ykw
H iG `f
xD, ykH odrw
S ?f uif: 0dbwf? amif:vwf w-ukd e-csKd y`
oRd ,H oRm? o, oH,om? aSmif:\m r, w ukd t`
{u0kppf ?k oH, om-yajumif?h rSw|f {wm? rm, wm-p? qk:H o\? csKd r y\m`
{wm, rm? wm-o'Ng? aemufrmS o-udk m<-y`
od-aSmif: r? t<H-]yI? te, rd? em-aSmif:bdiS ?hf ok, [d, eH-ae? tcsKd h {?
Spaf xG xD, ykw
H iG `f
eykH tH, od? a|S |h dS r? 'H-]yI? w0 trk? t'k-H y? t'k, o-aSmif:\m`
C, y-aemif|?dS oRd 0H ?d ybd tcsKd o
h m`
xyfIqd\k m? 'kw<
d m? 0d-yg {eH {wdr `
ok', oA? emraemufwiG ?f u-vmvi?f wlyif yk, pdw,f unm'd`
ypPn:f , 0dbwf? aSmif:wkv
H wfr?l ok:H \yfvid rf mS ? ud -H o'Ng? u-om y|d:k xm:`
oRd ,H oRm? o-aSmif:\m? ud -H rSm AdK aus`
{u-o'Ng? eufocsmF ? ok:H ]zmvdix
f w
k f {u0kp`f
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[d ok`
a<mamif:av\m? 'Go
d 'Ng? 0d-yg a'G, 'ka0`
eH aSmif:onfh 'Gd? y 'k0d? aemuf\Sd eH-H`
'Gpd -aemufrmS ? eH aSmif:\m? e-vm, csKd rh mS H-vnf:vm`
xD-wd, pwk? eH aSmif:r? wk-O t-]zm H-vnf:vm`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
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375
376
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
|kyw
f ]l zpf`
ok', oA? Ob, y\d? tbd-aemufbuf? awm-vio
f uf? teuf yOPr-D ponf`
0dbwfq:Hk rS? yk'rf nf\ud?k odapvd?k rdeq
hf kd 0dbwftrnfrn
S `hf
oAemrfr?S jw, x? oA aemufom "d`
awm, x-a|S rh ?S yk'f {w-rSm? \Hcg {, t? aSmif: jw? edpP t- ty`
xH, 'ged, [? awm Sihf "-wd?hk aemufu |Sb
d ?d r--wnf:? \[d-aSmif:u? y
{w? aSmif: Z, "kem t-y\m`
r-aemifr?S [ Sihf "? ud -H rS aemufwiG f 0`
ud -H aemuf [d ,H [H? [dOeP -H wnf:? wpfzef <, w? aemufYus? Sp0f [d H Sihf [H`
'g, 'gpeH? [dOeP H Si?hf [d ,H [H, jw? awm Sihf x? aSmif:u ud -H uk-y`
jw, x, 0? [, ", [d ,H [H? "d-|Spw
f ef? omref owWr`D
oA, tn? {u, <-Si?hf ud ,H w-aemuf 'g? uk-wGuw
f m? ud -H rSm 'gpeH`
'g-aSmif: oA? o-y\? w-rS aemufbuf 'ged-ouf`
\[d, "kem? 'ged-rSm? oufyg r-aemif`
'gSihf 'ged? \[d, "kem? wpf]zm Z, ZK? Ta]cmufc?k oufr umvowWr`D
peH Sihf pd? edygwf'?dG wGb
J d Sprf sK:d owWr`D
Oyom, edygwf? wpf\yf tm0kaom? p-aom aemufbuf? 0dbwfouf? acszsuf
tm:vk:H uke`f
y, y\m, O? ed, eD, 'k-Si?hf tk, oH, 0d? y\d,"d,bd? ywd, t0? ok, ty, tm? wpf]zm
twd? tyd, Oy? Spq
f <fr? rSwjf u Oyom`
yk',f 0gus 0<f? p, v<f, tqk:H ? usa\mufo:Hk ? ac;xk:H edygw`
0dbwf<w
k ?W t<kw?W Sp0f edygwfrsKd :`
abm, tm0kaom? tam, baE? a\, [a\-Si?hf a[, aZ, orR? ba-p?
rSwjf u tmreuf`
twM,d oUm? vABm-pom:? edygwfrsm:? aus]im: vd}w
F f yxrm`
tbduE
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t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
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377
378
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*
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
o\amif:u? {, t<? t0, jo-ukd y`
um\dwaf Smif:]im:? t uku
d m: tm? {rSm tm<? jo tm0? y\ toD:oD:`
[d, rd, r, rS? a|S:|Sd t-Si?hf aemufu <, ae? \awG? raoG'C
D -y`
wd, {, rd, {? wk, rd, {Si?hf {<s, {<smod? {<smrd, {<s?H |Spw
f ef {-y`
bl, [l, od, Xm? ponfrmS ? Avm uHr|S`d
uHrhJ "mwfu?dk uH|v
dS ?dk "mwfudk O,<SOw
f `JG
abm, uH0b
d wf ? aSmif:wkv
H wf? "mwfaemif <-ypPn:f `
}|kyAk ? \ aemuf|?dS td, ta? onfpS af xG? a\ -om tyrsm:ownf:`
abm, uH t\m? aemufa]cmuf]zm? csKhd rmS a|Sah ]cmuf]yef`
]'yfr]zpf? abmrSm wpf? oufvpS f yxryk\o
d f {u0kp`f
tmEwsmod? taUmo,oyxm? <mpem,0d"?d edrWem? tmref, td? orK
p, ywMem? eufrsm:rSm? oufygyOPr`D
t, aemif rSm|Sd ? 0dbwf[d i hf ? 0du\E? ypP< ? acs\ wpfcsKd rmS `
tek, y\d? 0d",d edref? tmref, td? orKp, ywMem? euf\pS ]f zm oufygowWr`D
0wf, yOf, owW? [d<sw?W av:0 oA"mwf`
[d<,f tZ, um? 0daSmif:\m? t-vm "mwfa\Srh mS `
y, tZf, b, um? Tav:]zm? rSwyf g toA"mwf`
y,tZf,b,um? Asn:f p-ygonf?h 0dbwW?d aSmif:bd a|Sh -vm`
T, OD, tm, rSm? m, mrSm? \Hcg \y`
[d<swf t, vm? , vm y, b? tZf, um 'G? ok:H 0 uif:rvm` (0d)
jo-udk , t? a'Gbm wM? y\ \Hwpfcg`
[d<swf wM-ud?k x,wpfv:Hk om? tZ, tm? a'Gbm wM, vnf:y`
Asn:f > aemufrmS ? tm,\Hcg? wM-rSm aSmif:u O,vm\`
rrSwrf ]d im:? zk:H vr:f xm:Si?hf ]rif,jum:r|S?d ok:H rsKd :od? oufbd ya\muQm`
0dbwf ya\muQm? c, q, omwk?hd aemufrmS |Su
d ? "mwftp? yGm:\ "mwfa'Gabmf`
'g, "m, [m, [k? urk, pv? 'v-p]zm? "mwfwrhdk mS ? a'Gbm trSef y`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
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379
380
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
\->aemufrmS ? <-0ifvm? \Hcg a|Saemuf]yef`
"edwSp]f zm? qufwu
dk v
f m? a\Srh mS odxd a]ymif:`
vb, aemuf|?dS T, H-0d? ybd wM, wMH acs"mwGe`f
vb, 0o? qd', p,aemuf? -a'G a\muf? razmuf -rSm q-y\m`
0p, rkp? bkZ-p-aemuf? -a'G a\muf? razmuf -rSm c-y\m`
c-q-aSmif:u? "mwG W? u-p-pOfwikd :f y`
abm, uHY <? aSmif:avurl? 0p, 0o? 0[ p,]zm? 0-Yygonf?h t-rSm O-y?
0, vnf: O? rSwf | 0prSm`
tZaSmif:vi?f 0pwGi?f t-yif jo y\m?
ukoaemufrmS ? T uko
d m? yyg p-d a'G "mwGeaf cs`
[-aemuf <-pH? a|Saemuf]yef? \Hzef <-ud?k v, vnf:y`
ZD\-ZD<s? "mwf Z\-Si?hf r\-rD<sm? wpfcsKd rmS ? acsyg <-wpfv:kH `
'do"mwfwu
G ?f y, 'uQ? aemuf 'dSi?hf ' \Hcg? 'dwiG yf g? -rSm tcsdKy`
'uQ-yrS? b0dof ? acs\ -vnf:vm`
o', 0'? "mwfpS 0f ? oD', 0Z pOfwidk :f y`
abm, uH Y-<? aSmif:avu? <Z, <ud?k -yqk`d
tABmo-qk:H rSm? ed[dwv
f m? csKd rh mS \y`
{qk:H "mwfr?S {-o\ ? tm<-trJy`
tZ, aSmif:u? "mwf 0do? a0uQ-\Hcgy`
wk', 0do? aemuf k'-Si?hf 'do, vdcg? zko-rSm? rSwyf g wk'g'd`
Zka[mwsm'd? [l0g'd>? 0k'ad emifr?S ypPn:f t? acs\ trJom`
Tudak csr? \-y? rSw|f jo-rSm? {-\Hcg`
H-Y -aus? a|S \a? rSwaf v t[H|k yk `f
b0dd? aSmif:wHb
k rd ?l [l> o\? {, {[Si?hf jo[ yav? -vnf:aus?
raus \Hwpfcg`
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
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381
382
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
Ek, Em, OEm? ToH:k ]zm? oGm'd"mwfaemifouf`
Ek ypPn:f O? 0k'd y? Em, r \Hcg? \ ]zm`
[dukd \Hcg? od-y\m? |kyrf mS okEod`
E-uD:|S\d m? wpfcsKd rmS ? rSepf mG e-i<fy`
tZ- p|S?d aSmif:od ou? u-udk c-y? a'Gabmfr? rSw|f ouQ wpfenf:]y`
Ek, Em Sp\f yf? {u "mwf? aeuwf OEmxm:`
ud<m'dwu
G ?f uwWm:euf? oufyg em ypPn:f `
em aSmif: \m? ukZd m? ZH, em tcsKd y`
em ypPn:f ay? wpfcsKd acs? wpfaxG <, vnf:y`
-"mwfaemuf|?dS {<s-0d? ybd <m, `
-udk \Hcg? [d-yyg? |kyrf mS ynm<d[w
d `d
em, w-aSmif:\m? rm, "mwf tm? rSepf mG -y\`
emaSmif:rke? "mwGef e? acs\ rkemwd`
}[m'dr?S ESm Sihf y? ouf\ Spyf pPn:f `
ESm aSmif: [-aus? y-aSmif:av? raoG aC-ty`
(wenf:) [ aemuf em-pH? a|Saemuf]yef? wpfzef e-i<f E-uD:y`
wem'drmS ? jo, <d\m? oufyg uwWm:euf`
joypP<? Oy\? u\ t-vnf: O`
jo> O-rSm? 0-y\m? \-yg aus\ 0-udk A `
u\-aemufrmS ? jo a\mufvmu? joyg ukA? uA? yjuwpfenf:rSw`f
u\aemufom? <d\ vm? acsyg \f-"mwGe`f
<d\ aemifr?S {<s-wpfaxG? {x-{wk?hd raoG tm-y? rSw|f wpfz?kH {<sKH -pom:?
{<s-rsm:? acs]im: |kyf yD:ap`
b0doaf Smif:u? "mwfu\? um[-yav csKd ah us`
oHa|S:|Su
d ? "mwfu\? c\ rsm:pGm? cg-wdwrf mS `
pk\m'dr?S aE-E<? ouf\ Spyf pPn:f `
t|Siw
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383
384
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
udwfykdif: (yk'fa\- 107)
uwWm:rSm wwf? uHrmS tyfiS ?hf ajumif:rSwf u\E? or, tyg? "d-ok:H \m?
abmrSm ]cif:, \m xm:`
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f pd P
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f :Hk uHrmS vdio
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bl-aemif Es? |Sad vu? tA-y\ef o"mwGe`f
wA, wke? wk,H wk p-wdk ? aemufu |d\S m? u\-um? \-rSm w-vnf:y`
\, [-qk:H r? "mwfppk k iS ?hf \rk, ty? , wm-p aemuf? e-i<fa\muf? razmuf
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f nf: yg0ifap`
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omo > tm? -y\m? os-rSm o-y a'Gabmfr`
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ed-> aemufr?S yxr? y\ 'kwd a'Gabmfo`d
abm, uH t]cm:? uwf-pom:? ouf]im: teD<, Es`
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t|Siw
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385
386
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*
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*
*
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t uwWm:? rmeum:rSw?f abm, uHuwf? oufvwf yef, [dw,f vuQE`
H-Sihf K? rSw|f rme? aemuf tme-wnf:? wpfenf: K? Tok:H ck? oufr
ryD: tem}wf`
rme, t? a|S u
h -0if? r-ausvi?f ]zpfpOf em}wf wpfenf:rSw`f
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wd-ypPn:f um:? abm, xDrsm:? t]cm: \Hcgouf`
"-b-[-rS? aemuf|dS w-rSe?f "-y\ef? "mwGef '-a'G: y`
-Sihf [-rS? aemuf|dS w-rSe?f -y\ef ? "mwGef -\ifaumuf`
0-'[? aemuf|dS w? wuG -a'Gabmf`
0o-aemifr?S ypPn:f w? wuG OwM-y`
0o-oHo? "mwfaemifw? wuG wM-a'G:]yK`
w-aSmif:wku
H ? 0o, 0-rSm? O-y\m? \Hcg tpdwf y`
w-aSmif:wHu
k ? "mwf p-0-rSm? O-]yK\m? \Hcg tpdw]f yK`
r-aemifrS w? y-W? acs\ a|S"mwGe`f (-ew [k zwf)
p, u- aemuf w? U-]yK\? acs\ a|S "mwGe`f (vuFmY U-udk u-[kzwf)
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omo, 'do? aemuf|dS w-ud?k \d-qd?k wd-udk \dd y`
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f Hk y\rJ`
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e, \-Sihf r? "mwGrSm? w-aSmif:\m? acsyg xdu
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t|Siw
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387
388
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*
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
uGd ypP<? aSmif:avurl? 'do-a|Sr?S <-aww Si?hf r-trS? ormeyg?
ud o
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yk'af emif 'do? '-udk \ Si?hf qH:k o-uQ a'G? o-udak cs? raoG 'DC-]yK`
[em'd-rS? ypPn:f \? [-udk C-vnf:]yK`
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rke, <w? t-p]zm? "mwfaemufrmS ? oufyg -ypPn:f `
cD-p-aemuf ref? e- aus]yef? wpfzef t' aemuf r-w`
orm'dr?S x Sihf r? ouf\ Spyf pPn:f `
u\-aemifr?S \d\<
d ? csKd r ud-ae -udak cs`
0Z-p]zm? "mwfaemufrmS ? oufyg Es-wnf:`
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|kZm'dr?S ypPn:f q? a|SrS "mwGef p-]yK\ef`
r\-aemifr?S ws, wsK? TSpcf ?k acsr a\S"mwGe`f
um\uykdif: (yk'fa\- 11)
vdi,f tm, u\E? or,tyg? omrsm,"m\? vuQE, a[wk? rSw|f ud<m 0dao?
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389
390
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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391
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392
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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qd<? vdiaf emifrv
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393
394
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o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
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395
aemufqufwGJusufrSwf&efy'rmvmu@
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398
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tmay[d tmaybd
tmygeH
tmay[d tmaybd
tmygeH
tmayok/
*kP0g'd*P
kd ;f
0EK rEK w0EK wm0EK tm0EK rEK - ypn;f tqH;k &Sad om yk't
f aygif;
onf *kP0g'd*dkPf; rnf\? *kP0g'd*dkPf;onf ykvdif eykvdif tm;jzifh 2-yg;
tjym;&Sd\? xdk 2-yg;wdkYwGif wnfaomtcg *kP0EK-[k Oum&Ejzifh wnfNyD;vQif
tm odrSd-okwjf zifh od0b
d wfEiS w
hf uG EK ypn;f udk tmjyK *kP0g-[kvnf;aumif;
od r S d 0g
0g-okwfjzifh od-0dbwfaMumifh EK-tpdwf O-udk t- jyK *kP0aEm-[k
vnf;aumif; NyD;aumif;aom yk'ftaygif;onf ykvdif*kP0g'd*dkPf; rnf\/
kyfpOf[efum; ...
0dbwf
{u0kpf
A[k0kpf
y *kP0g *kP0aEm
*kP0Em *kP0aEm
tm abm*kP0H *kP0 *kP0g
abmaEm *kP0Em *kP0aEm
'k *kP0H *kP0EH
*kP0aE
w *kP0wm *kP0aEe
*kP0aE[d *kP0aEbd
p q *kP0 *kP0awm *kP0E
*kP0wH *kP0EmeH
rD *kP0wm *kP0Eom rSm *kP0Em
*kP0aE[d *kP0aEbd
o *kP0wd *kP0Eo rSd *kP0aE
*kP0aEok/
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
399
twl ...
b*0g oDv0g ,m0g? [dr0g owdrm wxm/
AEKrm bkwm 0g wm0g? {wm0g *kP0g'a,m/ paom o'gwdu
Yk v
kd nf;odav/
*pEm 'd*P
kd ;f
tE y p n f ; tqH k ; &S d a omyk ' f taygif ; onf *p E m 'd * d k P f ; rnf \ ?
*pEm 'd*P
kd ;f onfvnf; ykvid f eykvid t
f m;jzifh 2-yg;tjym;&S\
d ? xdk 2-yg;wdw
Yk iG f
wnfaomtcg *pE-[k tum&Ejzihf wnfNyD;vQif odrSd *pEm'DeH Eoa'g tH - okwfjzifh
E-udk tH-jyKvnf;aumif; tH rjyKyJvnf;aumif; NyD;aomtcg *pH *paEm - [k
NyD;aumif; aom yk'ftaygif;onf ykvdif *pEm'd*dkPf;rnf\?
kyfpOf[efum; .....
0dbwf
y
tm
'k
w
p q
rD
o
{u0kpf
*pH *paEm
abm*pH *p *pm
*pH *pEH
*pwm *paEe
*p *pawm *pE
*pwm *pEom rSm *pEm
*pwd *pEo rSd *paE
A[k0kpf
*pEm *paEm
abmaEm*pEm *paEm
*paE
*paE[d *paEbd
*pwH *pEmeH
*paE[d *paEbd
*paEok/
twl ...
{0H o,H p&H wd|H? ''H bkOH okPH ypH/
ZD&H rD,H p0H u&H? b0H oH t&[H r[H/ paom o'gwdkYudkvnf;odav/
xdkyk'fwdkYwGif u&H-t& ykvdif ua&mEo'g kyfpOf[efum; .....
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
400
0d b wf
y
tm
'k
w
p q
rD
o
{u0k p f
u&H ua&maEm
abm ua&mE ua&mEm
ua&mEH
ua&mwm ua&maEe
ua&mawm ua&mE
ua&mwm ua&mEom
ua&mErSm ua&mEm
ua&mwd ua&mEo
ua&mErSd ua&maE
A[k 0 k p f
ua&mEm ua&maEm
abmaEmua&mEm ua&maEm
ua&maE
ua&maE[d ua&maEbd
ua&mwH ua&mEmeH
ua&maE[d ua&maEbd
ua&maEok/
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
'k
w
pq
rD
o
oH oEH
owm oaEe
o oawm oE
owm oEom rSm oEm
owd oEo rSd oaE
401
oaE
oaE[d oaEbd oAd
owH oEmeH
oaE[d oaEbd oAd
oaEok/
&mZmaem &mZdaem
abmaEm&mZmaem &mZdaem
&mZmaem &mZdaem
&mZl[d &mZlbd &maZ[d bd
&nH &mZleH &mZmeH
&mZl[d &mZlbd &maZ[d bd
&mZlok &maZok/
jA[maem
abmaEm jA[maem
jA[maem
jAa[[d jAa[bd
jA[LeH jA[meH
402
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
rD
jA[Kem
o
jA[ed
two'g kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
twm
tm
abm tw twm
'k
twmeH twH
w
twem tawe
p q
twaem
rD
twem
o
twed
oc-o'g kyfpOf[efum;- - y
ocg
tm
abmoc ocg
ocd ocD oac
'k
ocgeH ocg&H ocH
w
ocdem oace
p q
ocdaem ocd
rD
ocdem
o
oac
jAa[[d jAa[bd
jAa[ok/
twmaem
abmaEm twmaem
twmaem
twae[d twaebd
twmeH
twae[d twaebd
twaeok tawok/
ocgaem ocga,m ocdaem
abmaEm ocgaem ocga,m
ocdaem
ocgaem ocga,m ocdaem
ocga&[d bd oac[d bd
ocg&meH ocgeH ocDeH
ocga&[d bd oac[d bd
ocga&ok oacok/
ykrm'd*dkPf;
wnfaomtcg ykr [k tum&Ejzifh wnfNyD;vQif ykrEmodrSd okwfjzifh
ykrtqHk; t-udk 0dbwfESifhwuG tmjyK NyD;aomtcg ykrm [ktmum&E jzifh
NyD;aumif;aomyk'ftaygif;onf ykrm'd*dkPf;rnf\? ykrm'd*dkPf;onf ykvdif
omwnf;/(yk&dom'd*kdPf;twkdif; ykarm ykrm-ponfjzifh 0dbwfwkdif;yg0ifap ykr-o'g xl;jcm;csufESifhwuG kyfpOf&rnf)
kyfpOf[efum; .....
0d b wf
{u0k p f
A[k 0 k p f
y ykrm ykarm
ykrmaem ykrm
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
tm
'k
w
pq
rD
o
403
{u0kpf
,k0g ,k0gaem
abm,k0 ,k0g ,k0ge ,k0gem
,k0H ,k0geH
,ka0e ,k0gem ,k0gaee
,k0 ,k0ge
,k0om ,k0rSm ,k0g
,k0geom ,k0gerSm ,k0gem
,k0o ,k0rSd ,ka0
,k0geo ,k0gerSd ,k0gae
A[k0kpf
,k0g ,k0gem
abmaEm,k0g ,k0gem
,ka0 ,k0gae
,ka0[d bd ,k0gae[d bd
,k0geH ,k0gemeH
,ka0[d bd ,k0gae[d bd
,ka0ok ,k0gok ,k0gaeok/
rSwfcsuf/ / o-0dbwfjzifh ,k0daem-[k arm*vmef jyao;onf? awok0k'd-jzifh ,k0-\ t-udk -jyK? psvawm o
aem 0g-jzifh o-udk aem-jyK/
404
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
yk\ad om raem }kE0g? }pH p oH b0H wxm`
\mZ]A[Rwo
W cg'D? tum\m ykrm'a<m`
ykvid f tum\ yD:>`
ykvdif tmum&E
ykvid f um&E
ykvdif um&E o'gum; t*do'g wnf;/ kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
t*d t*ded
t*D t*a,m
tm
abmt*d
abmaEm t*D t*a,m
'k
t*d H
t*D t*a,m
w
t*dem
t*D[d bd t*d[d bd
p q
t*d t*daem
t*DeH t*deH
rD
t*dom rSm t*dem
t*D[d bd t*d[d bd
o
t*do t*drSd
t*Dok t*dok/
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
405
406
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
ykvid f Oum&E
ykvdif Oum&Eo'gum; bduKo'gwnf;? kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
bduK
bduL bdua0g
tm
abmbduK
abmaEm bduL bdua0 bdua0g
'k
bduHK
bduL bdua0g
w
bduKem
bduL[d bd bduK[d bd
p q
bduK bduKaem
bduLeH bduKeH
rD
bduKom rSm bduKem bduL[d bd bduK[d bd
o
bduKo bduKrSd
bduLok bduKok/
twl ...
aowk auwk &m[k bmPk? y*Fk.pK a0VK rpK p/
odEK AEK aek ark? owLok umk a[wk p/ ( owLok= owK + Ook)
y#K omEk a0Pk yHok? [EGmck *kk ZEK p/ ( [EGmck= [Ek + tmck)
yok om"k cgPk tm,k? "EGHok 0g,k om'k p/ ("EGHok= "ek + tHok)
paomo'gwdkYudkodav/ (yke&m,k p ar va'g? 'D- 2? 227)
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
407
y
ydwm
ydwa\m
tm abm ydw, ydwm?
abmam ydwa\m`
'k
ydw\H?
ydwa\m, ydwa\`
w
ydw\m, ydwek m?
ydwa\[d, bd, ydw[
l ,d bd, ydw[
k ,d bd`
p, q
ydw,k ydw
k , ydwak em? ydw\meH, ydwmeH, ydwel ,H ydwek `H
rD
ydw\m?
ydwa\[d, bd, ydw[
l ,d bd, ydw[
k ,d bd`
o
ydw\d?
ydwa\ok, ydwo
l ,k ydwo
k `k
Ttwl--bmwm Zmrmwm-ponfwkd uv
kd nf:odav`
rSwcf su`f owMm'd}E
kd :f Y owMKSiw
hf al om o'Ngenf:>? ydwk iS w
hf o
l nfomrsm:>`
owMm'd}E
dk :f yD:>`
ykvid f Oum\ yD:>`
408
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
ykvdif ODum&E
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
409
ykvid f yD:>`
eykvid f
eykvdif t tm O OD Mo-um&E tm;jzifh 7-yg;/
xdkwGif eykvdif t-um&Eo'gum; pdw-o'gwnf;/
pd w m 'd * d k P f ;
wnfaomtcg ]]pdw}} [k tum&Ejzifh wnfNyD;vQif o [laom okwfjzifh
od0dbwfudk tHjyK NyD;aomtcg ]]pdwH}} [k ed*[DwEjzifh NyD;aumif;aomyk'f
taygif;onf pdwm'd*dkPf;rnf\? pdwm'd*dkPf;onf eykvdifomwnf;/
410
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
kyfpOf[efum; ...
0d b wf
{u0k p f
A[k 0 k p f
y
pdwH
pdwm pdwmed
tm
abm pdw pdwm
b0Emed pdwm pdwmed
'k
pdwH
pdaw pdwmed
w
pdawe
pdaw[d pdawbd
p q
pdw
pdwm eH
rD
pdwom pdwrSm pdwm
pdaw[d pdawbd
o
pdwo pdwrSd pdaw
pdawok
twl ...
"eH p ukovH yknH? 'geH oDvH zvH okcH/
'kuH lyH rlvH ygyH? PH urybkwa,m/ paomo'gwkdYudkvnf; odav/
uro'g em-0dbwfjzifh urKem urem ? o-0dbwfjzifh urKaem? om0dbwfjzifh urKem? od -H 0dbwfjzifh ure-d kyw
f yYkd v
kd eG \
f ? <uif; pdw- o'gESiw
hf o
l nf/
*kP0EK *pE-o'gwdkYonf od-0dbwf *kP0H *kP0EH? *pH *pEH? a,m0dbwf *kP0Em *kP0Emed *kP0Ed? *pEm *pEmed *pEd-[kjzpf\?
<uif;ykvdifESifhwl\/
eykvdiftmum&E o'gum; to'g-o'gwnf;/ ormofNyD;aomtcg oa&m
&am eyko
H au-jzifh &jyK eykvid f tum&Eo'gESit
hf wl y'rmvmpOfav/
rkcemodum-o'gponfwdkYvnf; enf;wl/
eykvdif um&Eo'gum; t|do'gwnf;/ kyfpOf[efum;- - t|d
t|D t|Ded/
a[ t|d
a[ t|D t|Ded/
t|
t|D t|Ded/
t|dem
t|D[d t|Dbd t|d[d t|dbd/
ponfjzifh t*do'gtwdkif;pOfav/
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
411
twl ...
'"d owd 0g&d tud? tpd tpd p oyd p/
tmr*Ed orm'd|d? um&Em eykHoum/ ponfwdkYudkvnf;odav/
(orm'd|d ukvH-paom ormoft&m/ edkwd'DyeD)
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
wdvdif
412
eykvid f ODum&E
eykvdif ODum&Eo'gum; a*gMwblo'gwnf;/
a*gMwbl "rl paom ODum&E o'gpkwdkYvnf; okcum&Do'gESifh wlukef\?
kyfpOf[efum; ...
a*gMwbk (pdwH)
a*gMwbl a*gMwbled
a[ a*gMwbk
a[ a*gMwbl a*gMwbled
ponfjzifh bduKo'gwdkif;pOfav/
eykvid f Moum&E
eykvdif Moum&Eo'gum; pdwa*go'gwnf;/
pdwa*g [k ormofNyD;aomtcg oa&m &am eyHkoau okwfu eykvdif
t&m Mo-udk O-jyKaomaMumifh emrftwGif; ]]pdw*k}} [k Oum&E twdkif;jzpf\/
y'rmvmxl;aom eykvdifo'grsm;pdwH urH p *kP0H? *pEH rkcemodum/
t'|d okcum&D? tm,k p a*gMwbl wxm/
pdwa*gwd eykHoau? oda,maoG0 0daooum/ /
eykvdif tum&Eo'gwdkYwGif *kP0EK-ponf *kP0g'd*dkPf;? *pe-ponf
*pEm'd*dkPf;? <uif; pdwm'd*dkPf;? eykvdif O OD Moum&Eo'grsm;um;
&wm'd*dkPf;o'grsm; jzpfonf/
eyk v d i f N yD ; \
413
414
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
w d v d i f um&E
wdvdif um&E
415
'k
w
p,q
rD
o
wM<
d ,H wMd ?H
wM<
d m?
wM<
d m?
wM<
d m?
wM<
d m, wM<
d ?H
twl ...
wD em&D ukrm&D p? wkPD jAm[PD ocD/
rmwkvmeD od&D abmwD? *pED *pwD r[D/
*kP0wD ykx0D p? *g0D rd*D e'g'a,m/ paomo'gwdkYudkvnf;odav/
e'g'd*P
kd ;f
e'g'dawm0g P0 Pdu aP,s PEK[d okwfwdkYjzifh ypnf;ouf
Ny;D aumif;aom yk't
f aygif;onf e'g'd*P
kd ;f rnf\? e'g'd*P
kd ;f onf wv
d id o
f m
wnf;/ kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
e'D
e'D e'da,m eaZm
tm abmwd e'd
abmwda,m e'D e'da,m eaZm
'k
e' e'd,H
e'D e'da,m eaZm
w
e'd,m eZm
e'D[d e'Dbd
p q e'd,m eZm
e'DeH
rD
e'd,m eZm
e'D[d e'Dbd
o
e'd,m eZm e'd,H eZH
e'Do/k
yk'frsm; aZm Zm ZH kyfrsm;rSwpfyg; usefkyfrsm;wl\/
416
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
*[ywm'd * d k P f ;
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
tm abmwdrmw rmwm
'k rmw&H
w rmw&m rmwk,m rwsm
p q rmwk rmwk rmwk,m rwsm
rD rmw&m rmwk,m rwsm
o rmw&d rmwk,m rwsm
rmwk,H rwsH
417
abmwda,m rmwa&m
rmwa&m
rmwa&[d bd rmwl[d bd
rmw&meH rmwmeH rmwleH
rmwa&[d bd rmwl[d bd
rmwa&ok rmwlok/
wMv
d id f ODum\
wMdvdif ODum\o'Ngum:- ZrLo'Ngwnf:`
y
tm
'k
w
p, q
rD
o
ZrL?
a[ ZrK?
ZrK?H
ZrK<m
ZrK<m
ZrK<m
ZrK<m, ZrK<H?
ZrL, ZrKa<m`
a[ ZrL, ZrKa<m`
ZrL, ZrKa<m`
ZrL[d, ZrLbd`
ZrLeH`
ZrL[d, ZrLbd`
ZrLok` (wMDo'NgSifh wl)
twl ...
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
wv
d id o
f 'gwdw
Yk iG f tmum&Eo'gonf unm'd*P
kd ;f um&Eo'g rsm;onf
e'g'd*dkPf;ESifh *[ywm'd*dkPf;? rmwk-paomo'g owm'd*dkPf;? tjcm;o'grsm;
&wm'd*P
kd ;f wdw
Yk nf;/
eyk v d i f
418
wdvdifNyD;\/
oAemrf*dkPf;
oAemrf trnf&aom yk'w
f o
Ykd nf (oA uw& uwr w& tn tnw&
tnwr ykA y& ty& 'udP Ow& t"& , w {w r trk u {u
Ob Ob, 'Gd wd pwk wkrS trS- tm;jzifh )27-yk'?f y-xnfv
h Qif 28-yk'jf zpf\/
(xdkwGif trk pwk-onf Oum&E? ud H-onf ed*[DwE? 'Gd wd-onf um&E?
<uif; tum&EwdkYwnf;)
oAH uw&H uwrH? Ob,H w&n p/
tnw&H tnwrH? ykAH y&m y&rd p/
'udPkw&"&H ,H wH? {wdrH rkudaru p/
ObH 'Gd wd pwk wkrS? trSEd ow0Dowd/
xdkwGif oAo'g yxrma,m-udk {-jyK? eH-udk oH omeH-jyK? orm o-udk tm {rjyK&jcif;om ykvdif xl;jcm;\/ kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
oaAm
oaA
tm abmoA oAm
abmaEm oaA
'k
oAH
oaA
w
oaAe
oaA[d oaAbd
p q oA
oaAoH oaAomeH
rD
oAom oArSm
oaA[d oaAbd
o
oAo oArSd
oaAok/
y
tm
'k
419
oAH
oAmed
abmoA oAm
b0Emed oAmed
oAH
oAmed/
wwd,m 0dbwfrSp ykvdiftwdkif; kyfpOfav/
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
420
o
ykaAok/
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
{wo'g
y
'k
w
pq
rD
o
ykvdifkyfpOf[efum; .....
{aom
{wH
{awe
{w
{wom {wrSm
{wo {wrSd
421
{aw
{aw
{aw[d {awbd
{awoH {awomeH
{aw[d {awbd
{awok/
eykvdif
{wH
{wmed
{wH
{wmed
{awe ...
ponfjzifh yHkvdiftwdkif; pOfav/
wdvdif kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
{om
{wm {wma,m
'k
{wH
{wm {wma,m
w {wm,
{wm[d {wmbd
pq {wm, {wdm {wdm, {wmoH {wmomeH
rD
{wm,
{wm[d {wmbd
o {wm,H {wdH
{wmok/
ro'g ykvdifkyfpOf[efum; .....
y
t,H
ar
'k
rH
ar
w taee rdem
{[d {bd ar[d arbd
pq t r
{oH {omeH aroH aromeH
rD
tom rom rrSm
{[d {bd ar[d arbd
o to ro rrSd
{ok arok/
422
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
eykvdif - 'H rH? rmed? 'H rH? rmed? taee rdem ...
ponfjzifh ykvdiftwdkif; pOfav/
wdvdif kyfpOf[efum; ....
y
t,H
'k
rH
w rm,
pq tm tm, rdm
rdm, rm,
rD
rm,
o tH rdH rm,H
rm rma,m
rm rma,m
rm[d rmbd
rmoH rmomeH
rm[d rmbd
rmok/
trko'g yHv
k id f od-aMumifh r-udk o-jyK? o-aMumifh t'H-k jyK? ed*[
w
d af cs?
kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
tok trk
trl
'k
trHk
trl
w trkem
trl[d trlbd trk[d trkbd
pq trk t'k
trloH trlomeH trkoH trkomeH
rD
trkom trkrSm
trl[d trlbd trk[d trkbd
o trko trkrSd
trlok trkok/
eykvdif tH od-aMumifh trk-udk t'Hk-jyK?
t'Hk
t'Hk
trkem ...
wdvdif kyfpOf[efum; .....
y
tok trk
'k
trkH
kyfpOf[efum; . . .
trl trled
trl trled
ponfjzifh ykvdiftwdkif; pOfav/
trl trka,m
trl trka,m
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
w
p q
rD
o
trk,m
trk,m trkm
trk,m
trk,H trkH
423
wdvdif
y
'k
w
pq
rD
o
kyfpOf[efum; .....
um
uH
um,
um, um
um,
um,H uH
um uma,m
um uma,m
um[d umbd
umoH umomeH
um[d umbd
umok/
424
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
{uo'g\ teufrsm;pGmwdw
Yk iG f ocsmF wkvs twkvs to[m, 4-eufwYkd
{u0k p f o m&S d \ ? {u0k p f uw& o' g twd k i f ; k y f p Of & m\? tn teuf
A[k0kpfom&Sd\? A[k0kpf oAo'gtwdkif; kyfpOf&m\/
w
pq
rD
o
w,m wG,m aw
w0 wk,SH wkrSH aw
w,m wG,m
w,d wG,d
425
426
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
tmcsmwy'rmvm
tmcsmwfyk'f taygif;onf tmcsmwf*dkPf;rnfonf? "mwfwdkYudk *dkPf;
tm;jzifh uGJjym;atmifjyKwwfaom ypnf;pkudk 0du&Pypnf; [kac:onf? xdk
tmcsmwf*dkPf;onf 0du&Pypnf;tm;jzifh cGJjcm;onf&Sdaomf bl0g'd*dkPf;
k"m'd*dkPf; 'd0g'd*dkPf; oGm'd*dkPf; ud,m'd*dkPf; *[m'd*dkPf; wem'd*dkPf;
pk&m'd*dkPf; [l &Spfyg;tjym; &Sdonf/
xdw
k iG f ...bl0g'dawm t okwjf zifh t-[laom 0du&Pypn;f ouf
NyD;aumif;aomyk'ftaygif;onf bl0g'd*dkPf;rnfonf? bl0g'd*dkPf; uwm;
teufudk a[maom uwKkyf uHteufudk a[maom urkyf abmteufudk
a[maom bm0ky[
f k 3 rsKd ;&So
d nf? xdw
k iG f bl"mwf 0wrmef 0dbwfjzifh uwKyk f
pOf[efum;...
yk'f
emr
wkrS
trS
{
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r
b0wdba0 b0Ed b0od
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twaem aw
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ao
a0S
{
arS
b0aw
b0aE b0ao
b0a0S
ba0
b0garS
aw
ao
{
wd
od
rd
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
tEkbl,aw
taE
tEkbl,aE tEkbl,a&
tEkbl,ao
a0S
tEkbl,a0S
tEkbla,
arS
tEkbl,marS
tw a emyk ' f u d k y&yk ' f j yef v Qif .....
tEkbl,wd
tEd
tEkbl,Ed tEkbl,a&
tEkbl,od
x
tEkb,
l x
tEkb,
l mrd
r
tEkbl,mr [k jzpf\
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
yO r D 0 d b wf j zif h
yk'f
emr
{
A
y&
wk
tEK
b0wkba0 b0EK
twaem wH
tEH
b0wH
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wH
k
{
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y&
{x
{axm
{,sH
uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
wkrS
trS
{
A
{
A
[d
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r
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k
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tmrao
b0k b0a0Sg
ba0 b0grao
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
tEkbl,wH
tEH
tEkbl,EH
tEkbl,k
a0Sg
tEkbl,a0Sg
tEkbla,
tmrao
tEkbl,mrao
ow r D 0 d b wf j zif h uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
emr
wkrS
trS
{
A
{
A
{
A
{,s
{,sHK
{,smod
{,smx
{,smrd
{,smr
ba0,sba0
twaem
427
ba0,sHK
ba0,smodba0 ba0,smx
ba0,smrdba0 ba0,smr
{x
{&H
{axm
{,sma0Sm
ba0x
ba0&H
ba0axm
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m;
tEkbla,x
tEkbla,axm
tEkbla,,sHtekbla,
.....
{&H
{,sma0Sg
{,smarS
{,sH
{,smarS
tEkbla,&H
tEkbla,,sma0Sg
tEkbla,,smarS
428
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
tm
OD
Mo
w
tH
rSm
w
wHK
ao
0SH
H
rSao
tEkAbl0D,da&
tEkAbl0D,da0Sg
tEkAbl0D,darS/
[d , sw e D 0 d b wf j zif h uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
tb0g b0g tb0 b0
tb0l b0l tb0k b0k
tba0g ba0g tb0 b0 tb0d b0d
tb0w b0w tb0x b0x (tb0kw - [krvdk)
tb0H b0H
tb0rSm b0rSm tb0rS b0rS (tb0krSm ponfrvdk)
tb0w b0w tb0x b0x
tb0wHK b0wHK
tb0ao b0ao
tb00SH b00SH
tb0 b0
tb0rSao b0rSao
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
w
wHK
ao
0SH
H
rSao
429
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
tEGbl,w tEkbl,w tEGbl,x tEkbl,x
tEGbl,wHK tEkbl,wHK
tEGbl,ao tEkbl,ao
tEGbl,0SH tEkbl,0SH
tEGbl, tEkbl,
tEGbl,rSao tEkbl,rSao/
tm
OD
ao
0SH
t
arS
tZ w eD 0 d b wf j zif h uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
tb0D b0D tb0d b0d
tb0Hk b0Hk tb0ok b0ok tb0Hok b0Hok
tba0g ba0g tb0 b0 tb0d b0d
tb0dw b0dw tb0kw b0kw
tb0 b0
tb0drSm b0drSm tb0drS b0drS tb0krSm b0krSm tb0krS
b0krS
tb0g b0g tb0dw b0dw
tb0l b0l tb0k b0k
tb0dao b0dao
tb0d0SH b0d0SH
tb0 b0 tb0H b0H (t-udk tH-y? l-278)
tb0darS b0darS/
tm
OD
ao
0SH
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
tEGbl,m tEkbl,m tEGbl,dw tEkbl,dw
tEGbl,l tEkbl,l tEGbl,k tEkbl,k
tEGbl,dao tEkbl,dao
tEGbl,d0SH tEkbl,d0SH
OH
Mo
w
H
rSm
430
t
arS
wd
od
mrd
aw
ao
H
aw
ao
H
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
tEGbl, tEkbl, tEGbl,H tEkbl,H
tEGbl,darS tEkbl,darS/
b0d E D 0 d b wf j zif h uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
b0dwd
Ed
b0dEd b0da&
b0dod
x
b0dx
b0dmrd
mr
b0dmr
b0daw
aE
b0daE b0da&
b0dao
a0S
b0da0S
b0dH
marS
b0dmarS/
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m;
tEkbl,daw aE
tEkbl,dao a0S
tEkbl,dH
marS
.....
tEkbl,daE tEkbl,da&
tEkbl,da0S
tEkbl,dmarS/
tb0d b0d
mrSao tb0dmrSao b0dmrSao/
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
431
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m; .....
x
tEGbl,dx tEkbl,dx
dok
tEGbl,ddok tEkbl,ddok
ao tEGbl,dao tEkbl,dao
a0S
tEGbl,da0S tEkbl,da0S
tEGbl,d tEkbl,d
mrSao tEGbl,dmrSao tEkbl,dmrSao/
twl azmfjyvwHYyk'fwkdYudkvnf; y'rmvmpOfav/
yp- ygau (csufjcif;usufjcif;)? ypwd yap? ypEd? ypod? ypx-ponf/
ur k yf - ypD,aw? ypd,saw? ypaw? (csuftyf\)
*rk- *wdrSd (*wdteuf)? *arwd? *pwd? Crwd? (oGm;\)
ur k yf - *rD,aw? *rd,saw? *rsaw? *pD,aw? *pd,saw? CrD,aw?
Crd,saw? *raw (oGm;tyf\)
ok- pmuEDok (tvkd&Sdjcif;? ESpfoufjcif;)? pwd? {owd? (tvdk&Sd\)
ur k yf - pD,aw? {oD,aw? aw? (tvkd&Sdtyf\)
vb- vmab (&jcif;)? vbwd? (&\)
ur k y f - vbD,aw? vAaw (&tyf\)
0p- 0d,wd,H0gpm,H (yDjyifxif&Sm;aompum;)? 0pwd? (qkd\)
urkyf- 0pD,aw? 0kpaw? Opaw (qkdtyf\)
0o- ed0gao (aejcif;)? 0owd? (ae\)
urkyf- 0oD,aw? 0kaw (aetyf\)
0[- ygyaP (a&mufapjcif;)? 0[wd? (&Gufaqmif\)
urkyf- 0[D,aw? 0k,Saw? 0kvSaw (arQmtyf\)
Z&- 0a,m[medrSd (t&G,frS,kwfjcif;)? ZD&wd? ZD,swd? ZD,wd (tdk\)
r&- ygPpma* (toufudkpGefYjcif;) r&wd? rD,swd? rD,wd (ao\)
'do- ayuae (MunhfIjcif;) ywd? 'uwd? (jrif\) 'dwd (xif\)
urkyf- yD,aw? 'uD,aw? 'daw (Ityf\)
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
kEx? tkEH kEH? tkErSm kErSm tkErS kErS? tkEw kEw tkEx kEx?
tkEw
KH kEw
KH ? tkEa o kEa o? tkE0 HS kE0 ?HS tkE kE? tkEr aS o kEr aS o/
urkyfpOf[efum; = edkZw edkZx? edkZwHK? edkZao? edkZ0SH? edkZ?
edkZrSao/
tZweD0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; = tkED kED tkEd kEd? tkEHK
kEHK tkEok kEok tkEHok kEHok? tkaEm kaEm tkE kE tkEd kEd?
tkEdw kEdw tkEKw kEKw? tkE kE? tkEdrSm kEdrSm tkEdrS kEdrS
tkEKrSm kEKrSm tkEKrS kEKrS? tkEm kEm tkEdw kEdw? tkEL kEL tkEK
kEK? tkEdao kEdao? tkEd0SH kEd0SH? tkE kE tkEH kEH? tkEdarS kEdarS/
urkyfpOf[efum; = edkZm edkZdw? edkZL edkZK? edkZdao? edkZd0SH? edkZ
edkZH? edkZdarS/
b0dED0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; = kEdwd? kEdEd kEda&?
kEdod? kEdx? kEdmrd? kEdmr/ kEdaw? kEdaE kEda&?
kEdao? kEda0S? kEdH? kEdmarS/
urkyfpOf[efum; = edkZdaw? edkZdaE edkZda&? edkZdao?
edkZda0S? edkZdH? edkZdmarS/
umvmwd y w d 0 d b wf j zif h uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; = tkEdm kEdm
tkEd kEd? tkEdHok kEdHok? tkEda kEda tkEd kEd?
tkEdx kEdx? tkEdH kEdH? tkEdmrSm kEdmrSm tkEdmrS
kEdmrS? tkEdx kEdx? tkEddok kEddok? tkEdao
kEdao? tkEda0S kEda0S? tkEd kEd? tkEdmrSao
kEdmrSao/
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m;
m;=edkZdx? edkZddok? edkZdao? edkZda0S?
edkZd? edkZdmrSao/
twl azmfjyvwHYyk'fwkdYudkvnf; y'rmvmpOfav/
qd'd- 'Gd"mu&aP (ESpfjzmjyKjcif;)? qdEwd (jzwf\) qdZaw (jzwftyf\)
bd'd- 0d'g&aP (azmufcGJjcif;)? bdEwd (cGJ\) bdZaw (cGJtyf\)
432
k " m'd * d k P f ;
k"m'dawm ed*[DwykAOokwfjzifh ed*[dwfvnf;vm t-[laom 0du&P
ypnf;vnf;ouf NyD;aumif;aom yk'ftaygif;onf k"m'd*dkPf; rnfonf?
k"m'd*dkPf; k""mwf 0wrmef0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; =
kEwd kaE? kEEd kEa&? kEod? kEx? kEmrd kaE? kEmr/ kEaw? kEaE
kEa&? kEao? kEa0S? kaE? kEmarS/
ur k y f p Of [ ef u m; = edkZaw? edkZaE edkZa&? edkZao? edkZa0S?
edkaZ? edkZmarS/
yrD0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; = kEwk kaE? kEEK? kEm[d kE?
kEx? kEmrd kaE? kEmr/ kEwH? kEEH? kEk? kEa0Sg? kaE? kEmrao/
urkyfpOf[efum; = edZk w?H edZk E?H edZk ?k edZk a0Sg? edak Z? edZk mrao/
owrD0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; = kaE,s kaE? kaE,sKH ? kaE,smod
kaE? kaE,smx? kaE,smrd kaE? kaE,smr? kaEx? kaE&H? kaEaxm?
kaE,sma0Sg? kaE,sH kaE? kaE,smarS/
urkyfpOf[efum; = edak Zx? edak Z&?H edak Zaxm? edak Z,sma0Sg? edak Z,sH
edkaZ? edkaZ,smarS/
ya&mum0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; = kkE ka&m"? kkEK? kkaE?
kkEdw? kkEH? kkEdrS? kkEdw? kkEda&? kkEdawm? kkEda0Sg? kkE? kkEdarS?
urkyfpOf[efum; = edkZdw? edkZda&? edkZdawm? edkZda0Sg? edkZ? edkZdarS/
[d,sweD0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; =tkEm kEm tkE kE? tkEL
kEL tkEK kEK? tkaEm kaEm tkE kE tkEd kEd? tkEw kEw tkEx
433
434
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
435
oG m 'd * d k P f ;
oGm'dawm PkPm OPm pp-okwfjzifh Pk Pm OPm- [laom 0du&P
ypn;f ouf Ny;D aumif;aom yk't
f aygif;onf oGm'd*P
kd ;f rnfonf? oGm'd *dP
k ;f
Pk-ypnf; Pm-ypnf;wdkYonf ok-paom {uo&"mwfaemif oufavh Sdonf?
OPm-ypnf;onf ty-paom taeuo&"mwfaemif oufavhSdonf/
ok"mwf Pk-ypnf; Pm-ypnf; xdkufonfhtm;avsmfpGmouf 0w r mef
0d b wf j zif h uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; = okaPmwd okPmwd okaP? okPEd?
okaPmod okPmod okPod? okaPmx okPmx? okaPmrd okPmrd okaP?
okaPmr okPmr? okPaw? okPaE? okPao? okPa0S? okaP?okPmarS/
urkyfpOf[efum; = ol,aw ok,saw-ponf/
yrD0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; = okaPmwk okPmwk okaP? okPEK?
okaPm[d okPm[d okP? okaPmx okPmx? okaPmrd okPmrd okaP?
okaPmr okPmr? okPwH? okPEH? okPk? okPa0Sg? okaP? okPmrao/
owrD0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; = okaP,s okaP? okaP,sHKponf/
y-a&S ; &S d a om ty"mwf OPmyp n f ; owf 0wrmef0dbwfjzifh
uwKkyfpOf[ef um; - ygykPmwd ygykaP? ygykPEd-ponf/
[d,sweD0dbwfjzifh uwKkyfpOf[efum; - tygykPm ygykPm
tygykP ygykP? tygykPl ygykPl tygykPk ygykPk-ponf/
twl azmfjyvwHYaomyk'fwkdYudkvnf; y'rmvmpOfav/
[d- *wdrSd (*wdteuf)? [daemwd- (jzpf\) y[dPmwd y[dPwd (apvTwf\)
0k- oH0&aP (apmihfa&Smufjcif;)? tm0kPmwd/ rd- yauay (xnhfoGif;jcif;) rdaemwd/
ou- owdrSd (pGrf;Ekdifjcif;) ouKPmwd/
oG m 'd * k d P f ; NyD ; \
436
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
ud , m'd * d k P f ;
*[m'd*P
kd ;f
*[m'dawm yPSm- okwjf zifh y PSm [laom 0du&Pypn;f ouf Ny;D aumif;
aomyk'ftaygif;onf *[m'd*dkPf; rnfonf? *[m'd*dkPf; *["mwf PSm
ypnf;ouf 0w r mef 0 d b wf j zif h uw K k y f p Of [ ef u m; = *PSmwd *aPS?
*PSEd *PSa&? *PSmod? *PSmx *PSx? *PSmrd *aPS? *PSmr/ *PSaw?
*PSaE *PSa&? }ESao? }ESa0S? }aES? }ESmarS`
437
pk\m'd}E
dk :f
pk\m'dawm aE E<m-okw]f zihf aEypPn:f E<ypPn:f [laom 0du\EypPn:f oufI
yD:aumif:aomyk't
f aygif:onf pk\m'd}E
kd :f rnf>? Tpk\m'd}E
dk :f Y pk\-"mwf aE-
438
o'Ngvufaqmifusr:f
t|Siw
f ad vmumbd0o
H (tif:pde)f
y'rmvmuyD:>`
*****
uwWm:
uH
uwm;a[m emra,m* yk\daom (yk\dom)
r}H} (ra}} , wH, wkarS, rH, tarS)
uwm;a[m wkrSa,m* wGH (wkarS)
r}H} (ra}} , wH, wkarS, rH, tarS)
uwm;a[m trSa,m* t[H (r<H)
r}H} (ra}} , wH, wkarS, rH, tarS)
uHa[m emra,m*
yk\ad oe (yk\ad o[d, w<m, wkarS[,d r<m, tarS[)d ra}} g (r}} g)
uHa[m wkrSa,m*
yk\ad oe (yk\ad o[d, w<m, wkarS[,d r<m, tarS[)d wGH (wkarS)
uHa[m trSa,m*
yk\ad oe (yk\dao[d, w<m, wkarS[d, r<m, tarS[d) t[H(r<H)
ud<m
}pwd? (}pd)`
}pod? (}px)`
}pmrd? (}pmr)`
}p<D aw?(}p<D a)
}p<D ao? (}p<D a0S)
}pDa<? (}pD<marS)