[November 11, 1620] In the Name(1) of God Amen.

We whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord King James(2) by the grace of God, of great Britain, France, and Ireland king, defender of the faith, &c. Having undertaken for the glory of God (3), and advancements of the Christian faith and honor of our king and country, a voyage to plant the first Colony in the Northern Parts of Virginia(4), doe by these presents(5) solemnly & mutually in the presence of God, and one of another, covenant & combine our selves to gather into a civil body politick; for our better ordering(6), & preservation & furtherance of the ends aforesaid(7); and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame(8), such just & equal laws, ordinances(9), Acts, constitutions, & offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet(10) & convenient for the general good of the Colony: unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cap-Cod the *11* of November, in the year the reign of our sovereign Lord King James of England, France, & Ireland the eighteenth and of Scotland the fifty fourth. Anno Dom. 1620.
Mr. John Carver11 Mr. William Bradford Mr. Edward Winslow Mr. William Brewster Isaac Allerton Myles Standish John Alden John Turner Francis Eaton James Chilton John Craxton John Billington Joses Fletcher John Goodman Mr. Samuel Fuller Mr. Christopher Martin Mr. William Mullins Mr. William White Mr. Richard Warren John Howland Mr. Steven Hopkins Digery Priest Thomas Williams Gilbert Winslow Edmund Margesson Peter Brown Richard Britteridge George Soule Edward Tilly John Tilly Francis Cooke Thomas Rogers Thomas Tinker John Ridgdale Edward Fuller Richard Clark Richard Gardiner Mr. John Allerton Thomas English Edward Doten Edward Liester

Notes:
1. Capitalization was common in the early 1600s. They were not always consistent in this practice. Nor were they consistent in spelling words. 2. The word "dread" was usually used to mean deep awe or respect. The Pilgrims did not want to anger King James I so they portrayed themselves as loyal subjects and used a polite form of address. They did not fear him; more likely they did not like him because of his religious beliefs. 3. God's glory is mentioned before the king's honor because as a religious people they saw this as most important, followed by spreading the Christian religion. The honor of king and country came third in this list of important concerns. 4. Virginia is mentioned because they were supposed to have gone to Virginia. The land in front of them did not yet have a name. In fact, they were not entirely sure where they were, except that they were too far north. "Northern parts of Virginia" seemed as good a name as any. 5. Here "presents" means "formal statements." 6. "Better Ordering" means to bring better law and order. 7. "Ends aforesaid" goals mentioned earlier - spreading of the Christian faith, etc. 8. They could not just say "enact" instead of "enact , constitute, and frame." Civil societies enact laws, constitute a form of government, and frame ordinances. They should also have said "elect" since one does not enact, frame, or constitute officers. 9. "Frame ordinances" The term ordinance was a synonym of statutes or laws decreed by a ruler. 10. "Meet" means "in agreement with our wishes. 11. "Mr." usually referred to a gentleman. Note there are no women signers. At that time, a woman was economically dependent on a man who signed for her.

Instructions for Mayflower Compact

1. Summarizing Primary Sources: A. Pick EIGHT important or key words from the text and write them down. Use the Notes section of the document to help you with word meanings. B. Write a brief summary of the document using as many of those key words as you can. (Summaries may not make a lot of sense) C. Write a better summary using YOUR WORDS.

2. Complete the Primary Source Document questions in your notebooks. Primary Source Document questions: A. Why is this a Primary Source? B. Why did the authors create this? C. What did the author hope to achieve? D. Who would read this document?
E. Identify author of source, when, and

where it was written. 3. Essential Question: Answer the essential question of the lesson. How did the travelers on board the Mayflowers agree to govern themselves in the New World?