S1

New Progress in Senior Mathematics Module 1 Book 1 (Extended Part) Solution Guide

1.

( x + 3 y)
2

pp.202 211

6.

Interest = $(20000e 4% 10 20000)

= $9836.5 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

p.202

7.

(a)

e 3 x + e 3 x + 1 = 45

e 3 x (1 + e) = 45

45
3x = ln

1+ e
45
ln

1+ e
x=
3
= 0.8311 (cor. to 4 d. p.)

= C07 ( x 2 ) 7 + C17 ( x 2 ) 6 (3 y ) + C27 ( x 2) 5 (3 y ) 2

+ C37 ( x 2 ) 4 (3 y ) 3 + L
= x14 + 21x12 y + 189 x10 y 2 + 945 x 8 y 3 + L

2.

(3 4 x) 9
= C09 39 + C19 38 ( 4 x) + C 29 37 (4 x) 2 + L

3.

ln(2 5 x) + 4 = ln(3 + x)

(b)

= 190 683 236 196 x + 1 259 712 x 2 + L

a = 19 683, b = 236 196, c = 1 259 712

ln(2 5 x) + ln e 4 = ln(3 + x)
ln(2 5 x)e 4 = ln(3 + x)
( 2 5 x )e 4 = 3 + x

Consider the 6th term in the expansion.

C58 (ax) 3 ( y ) 5 = 56a 3 x 3 y 5

2e 4 3 = x + 5e 4 x
2e 4 3
1 + 5e 4
= 0.3876 (cor. to 4 d. p.)

x=

56a 3 = 1512

a 3 = 27
a=3

4.

(a)

5x 2
x

8.

6
2
= C r6 (5 x) 6 r 2
x
r =0

When t = 0,
Q = 4000e 0
= 4000

(a)

= C r6 56 r ( 2) r x 6 r 2 r

(b)

r =0

The content is 4000 g.

When t = 1000,
Q = 4000e 0.002 1000
= 4000e 2
= 541 (cor. to the nearest integer)

= C r6 56 r ( 2) r x 6 3r
r =0

(b)

The x term is the constant term.

6 3r = 0
r=2

The constant term = C 26 5 62 (2) 2

9.

(a)

(1 + kx) 5
= 1 + 5kx + 10k 2 x 2 + 10k 3 x 3 + 5k 4 x 4 + k 5 x 5

(b)

The coefficient of x 3 is 10k 3 .

The coefficient of x is 5k.
10k 3 = 8 5k
10k 3 = 40k
k 3 4k = 0
k (k 2 4) = 0
k = 2 or 0 (rejected)

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y = ae bt
ln y = ln a + bt

= 37 500

5.

The content is 541 g.

134

1.5

4.5

ln y

2.43

2.23

2.05

1.81

Stage Test

From the graph, the (ln y)-intercept is 2.64.

ln a = 2.64
a = 14 (cor. to 2 sig. fig.)

1 1
7 3 + 4
7 x 3x + 4
3
3
lim
= 2
1 (1 6 x ) 2
x

1
3
1 6
3

13.

The straight line passes through the points

6
1
=6

(0, 2.64) and (5, 1.96), we have the slope

2.64 1.96
b=
05
= 0.136

14.
10.

(a)

e 3

= e 2 ln1
=0

x x
x


3 3
3

= 1+
+
+
+L
1!
2!
3!
x x 2 x3
= 1 +

+L
3 18 162

(b)

lim e 2 x ln( x + 2) = e 2( 1) ln(1 + 2)

x 1

15.

5 10

+ 6 12 x
x3 x 2
= 5 x 3 10 x 2 + 6 12 x

y=

(a)

dy
= 15 x 4 + 20 x 3 12
dx
20 15
= 12 + 3 4
x
x

(2 + x) 6
= 2 6 + C16 2 5 x + C 26 2 4 x 2 + C36 2 3 x 3 + L
= 64 + 192 x + 240 x 2 + 160 x 3 + L
e 10 x

(10 x) ( 10 x) 2 (10 x) 3
+
+
+L
1!
2!
3!
500 x 3
= 1 10 x + 50 x 2
+L
3
= 1+

dy ( 4 x 4)(3 x 2 ) x 3 (4)
=
dx
[4( x 1)]2

(b)

( 2 + x) 6
e10 x
= ( 2 + x) 6 e 10 x

3x 3 3x 2 x 3
4( x 1) 2

2 x 3 3x 2
4( x 1) 2

= (64 + 192 x + 240 x 2 + 160 x 3 + L)(1 10 x

500 x 3
+ 50 x
+ L)
3
9920 3
x +L
= 64 448 x + 1520 x 2
3

16.

y = 13(7 x 3 5 x + 3)

(a)

11.

lim

x1

13(21x 2 5)

3(1) + 2
3x + 2
=
6 5x
6 5(1)

5
1

dy
1
=
( 2e 2 x 2)
dx (e 2 x 2 x) ln 3

(b)

= 5

12.

lim 1 +
x2
3x

x +1

1
= 1 +

3
(
2)

1
= 1
6
5
=
6
6
=
5

2(7 x 3 5 x + 3) 2

1
2

dy
1
= 13 (7 x 3 5 x + 3) 2 [7(3 x 2 ) 5]
dx
2

=
2

2e 2 x 2
(e 2 x 2 x) ln 3

2 + 1

17.

x = ln y 1 + e y
= ln y + e y

1
dx
= + ey
dy
y

e y y 1
y
dy
y
=
dx e y y 1
=

135

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S1

New Progress in Senior Mathematics Module 1 Book 1 (Extended Part) Solution Guide

V = 15h

18.

x = ( y 2 1) 4

dV
= 15
dh
dh
1
=
dV 15
dh dh dV

=
dt dV dt
1
= (3 1)
15
2
=
15

dx 1 2
= ( y 1) 4 (2 y )
dy 4
y
=
3

2( y 2 1) 4
3

dy 2( y 2 1) 4
=
dx
y

19.

dy (3 x 8)(e) (ex)(3)
=
dx
(3 x 8) 2

e(3 x 8 3x)
(3 x 8) 2
8e
=
(3 x 8) 2
=

23.

(a)

5x
x

d2y
dx 2

d2y
1 x(5 x ln 5) 5 x
= ln 55 x ln 5 ln x + 5 x +
2
dx
x2
x

(ln 5)5 x ln 55 x 5 x
+
2
x
x
x
x
x
2(ln 5)5
5
= (ln 5) 2 5 x ln x +
2
x
x

x = 2

(2, e 2 ) is a local minimum point.

(b)

dy
= 4 x 3 28 x + 24
dx

dy
=0
dx
4 x 3 28 x + 24 = 0

dy 3 2
= x 2
dx 2

Slope of the tangent =

dy
dx

x3 7 x + 6 = 0
( x 2)( x 1)( x + 3) = 0
x = 3, 1 or 2
x =2

When x = 3, y = 117.

3
= (2) 2 2
2
=4

When x = 1, y = 11.
When x = 2, y = 8.
d2y
= 12 x 2 28
dx 2

The equation of the tangent is

y0
=4
x2
y = 4x 8

22.

= e 2 > 0

= (ln 5) 2 5 x ln x +

21.

dy
= e 2 (1 + x)e x
dx

d2y
= e x + ( 2 + x )e x
dx 2
= e x (3 + x)

dy
1
= 5 x ln 5 ln x + 5 x
dx
x
= (ln 5)5 x ln x +

2
cm/s.
15

= e x (2 + x)
dy
=0
dx
e x (2 + x) = 0
x = 2
When x = 2, y = e 2 .

d 2 y 8e 2(3x 8)(3)
=
dx 2
(3 x 8) 4
48e
=
(3 x 8) 3

20.

The rate of change is +

d2y
dx 2

= 80 > 0
x = 3

d2y
dx 2

Let V cm 3 and h cm be the capacity and

d2y
dx 2

the height of the cylinder respectively.

= 16 < 0
x =1

= 20 > 0
x =2

(1, 11) is a local maximum point.

(3, 117) and (2, 8) are local minimum

points.

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136

Stage Test

24.

dy
1
=
3
dx
1+ x
dy
=0
dx
1
3=0
1+ x
1
= 3
1+ x
1
=3
1+ x
2
x=
3

Sign of

(HKCEE Question)

27.

(HKALE Question)

28.

(HKCEE Question)

29.

(HKALE Question)

30.

(HKASLE Question)

p.205

x<

26.

dy
dx

2
3

x=

2
3

x>

2
3

31.

2
When x = , y is a maximum.
3

2
2
The maximum of y = 2 1 + ( ) 3 ( )
3
3

Consider the x 2 term.

n!
C2n (5 x) 2 =
(25 x 2 )
(n 2)!2!
25n(n 1) 2
=
x
2
25n(n 1)

= 525
2
n(n 1) = 42
n 2 n 42 = 0
(n + 6)(n 7) = 0
n = 7 or 6 (rejected)

4 3
=
3

25.

Let y cm be the width of the rectangle.

x 2 + y 2 = 2 2 (Pyth. theorem)

32.

(a)

= a 8 + C18 a 7 x + C 28 a 6 x 2 + C38 a 5 x 3 + L

y = 4 x2

= a 8 + 8a 7 x + 28a 6 x 2 + 56a 5 x 3 + L

Let P cm be the perimeter of the rectangle.

P = 2x + 2 y

Comparing the coefficients of like terms.

a 8 = 256
a = 2

= 2x + 2 4 x 2
dP
( 2 x)
= 2+
dx
4 x2
= 2

28a 6 = b
28(2) 6 = b
b = 1792

2x

4 x2
dP
=0
dx
2x
2
=0
4 x2

56a 5 = c
56(2) 5 = c
c = 1792

x = 4 x2

(b)

x2 = 4 x2

= ( 256 1024 x + 172 x 2 1792 x 3 + L)(1 x)

x = 2 or 2 (rejected)

Sign of

0<x< 2

x= 2

x> 2

dP
dx

(a + x)8 (1 x)
= ( 2 + x) 8 (1 x)

x2 = 2

(a + x)8

The coefficient of x 3
= 1792 + (1792)
= 3584

When x = 2 , the perimeter of the rectangle

is maximum.

137

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S1

New Progress in Senior Mathematics Module 1 Book 1 (Extended Part) Solution Guide

33.

( x + 1) 50 = (1 + x) 50

(a)
=

C 050 x 50

+ C150 x 49

50 2
+ C 48
x

+ C 250 x 48

50
+ C 49
x

36.

T = te ax

(a)

ln T = ln t ax

+L

50
+ C50

50
) + 50 x + 1
= x 2 ( x 48 + 50 x 47 + C 250 x 46 + L + C 48

= x 2 f ( x) + 50 x + 1...........()

ln T

3.10

2.10

0.10

11

15

0.92 1.61

50
where f ( x) = x 48 + 50 x 47 + C 250 x 46 + L + C 48

(b)

Substituting x = 12 into (),

1350 = 12 2 f (12) + 50(12) + 1

= 144 f (12) + 601
= 18[8 f (12) + 33] + 7
where 8 f (12) + 33 is a positive integer.

34.

(a)

The remainder is 7.
e 3 x 3e 2 x = 10e x

e 2 x 3e x = 10
e 2 x 3e x 10 = 0

From the graph, the (lnT ) - intercept is 4.6.

(e x + 2)(e x 5) = 0

ln t = 4.6
t = 99 (cor. to 2 sig. fig.)

e x = 5 or 2 (rejected)
x = ln 5

(b)

The straight line passes through the points

2 x +1 = e2x +1
x +1

(0, 4.6) and (8, 0.6), we have the slope

0.6 4.6
a =
80
a = 0.5

2x +1

ln(2 ) = ln(e
)
( x + 1) ln 2 = 2 x + 1
ln 2 1 = 2 x (ln 2) x
x(2 ln 2) = ln 2 1
ln 2 1
x=
2 ln 2
37.
35.

(b)

x = 15, ln T = 0.2

(a)

When t = 0,
Energy released = 40e 1
= 15 (cor. to the nearest integer)

(b)

Energy released = 40e 0.2 5 1

Let t be the year needed.

80000e 5%t = 100 000 (1 + 3%) t
5
e 0.05t = (1.03) t
4
0.05t = ln 5 ln 4 + t ln 1.03
t (0.05 ln1.03) = ln 5 ln 4

= 40e 2
= 5 (cor. to the nearest integer)

ln 5 ln 4
0.05 ln1.03
10.9164

(c)

t=

At least 11 years later.

0.1 40e 1 = 40e 0.2t 1

1
e 0.2t 1 =
10e
10e = e 0.2t + 1

0.2t + 1 = ln10 + ln e
0.2t = ln10
ln10
t=
0.2
11.5129

After being used for 12 hours continuously,

the energy will be released 10% of the
initial energy released.

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138

Stage Test

38.

x2 2x 3
x 1
1+ x
( x + 1)( x 3)
= lim
x 1
1+ x
= lim ( x 3)

43.

lim

dy
1

= 5(ln x 2 2 x) 4 2 (2 x) 2
dx
x

= 5(ln x 2 2 x) 4 2 2
x

2
4 1
= 10(ln x 2 x) 1
x

x 1

= 1 3
= 4

39.

44.

x3
2 x 3 54
x3
= lim
x 3 2( x 3 33 )
x 3
= lim
x 3 2( x 3)( x 2 + 3 x + 9)
1
= lim
x 3 2( x 2 + 3 x + 9)
1
=
2(32 + 3 3 + 9)
1
=
54

(a)

lim

dy
= 6 xe 6 x + e 6 x
dx

= e 6 x (6 x + 1)

x3

d2y
= e 6 x (6) + 6e 6 x (6 x + 1)
dx 2
= 12(3 x + 1)e 6 x

(b)

d2y
dy
12 + 36 y
dx
dx 2
= 12(3x + 1)e 6 x 12e 6 x (6 x + 1) + 36 xe 6 x
= 12e 6 x [3 x + 1 6 x 1 + 3 x]
=0

40.

lim (6 3x x 2 ) 3

45.

x 2

= [6 3(2) ( 2) 2 ] 3
2

= 83
=4

41.

lim ln(3 xe 2 5 x )

y = kx+h
ln y = ( x + h) ln k
= (ln k ) x + h ln k
1 dy
= ln k
y dx
dy
= (ln k )k x + h
dx
d2y
= ln k[(ln k )k x + h ] = (ln k ) 2 k x + h
dx 2

x1

= lim(ln 3 x + 2 5 x)
x 1

1 d 2 y k 2 dy

+y=0
(ln k ) 2 dx 2 ln k dx

= ln 3 + 2 5
= ln 3 3

(ln k ) 2 k x + h k 2

(ln k )k x + h + k x + h = 0
ln k
(ln k ) 2

42.

dy
8x + 9 d 8x + 9
= 3

dx
9 x 8 dx 9 x 8

1 k 2 +1 = 0
k2 = 2

2
8 x + 9 (9 x 8)(8) (8 x + 9)(9)
= 3

(9 x 8) 2
9x 8

k= 2

2
8 x + 9 145
= 3

2
9 x 8 (9 x 8)

46.

435(8 x + 9) 2
(9 x 8) 4

(a)

As (1, 1) lies on y =

x3 + 1
,
ax

1+1
a
a=2
1=

139

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S1

New Progress in Senior Mathematics Module 1 Book 1 (Extended Part) Solution Guide

(b)

x3 + 1
2x
1 2 1 1
= x + x
2
2
dy
1
= x 2
dx
2x

y=

(i)

(b)

Slope of the tangent =

dy
dx

x =1

1 1
= 1 =
2 2

4t 2 8t 32 = 0
t 2 2t 8 = 0

The equation of the tangent is

y 1 1
=
x 1 2
2 y 2 = x 1

(t + 2)(t 4) = 0
t = 4 or 2 (rejected)

When t = 4, R 158.1888.

1
1
y = x+
2
2

(ii)

dR
20
= 4t + 12 +
dt
t +1
dR
=0
dt
20
4t + 12 +
=0
t +1
20
4t
= 12
t +1
4t 2 + 4t 20 = 12t + 12

d 2R
20
= 4
dt
(t + 1) 2
d 2R
dt 2

As (p, 0) lies on the tangent,

1
1
0= p+
2
2
p = 1

dy
dx

= 154

1
2(1) 2

(c)

3
=
2

The equation of the tangent is

y0
3
=
x ( 1)
2
2 y = 3x 3

y=

Andy ever attains the intensity of a

rigorous exercise during his first exercise.

x = 1

= 1

The maximum value of R is about

158.1888.
Since 158.1888 > 70% 220

Slope of the tangent at point P

(c)

= 4.8 < 0
t =4

dR
20
= 4t + 12 +
dt
t +1
dR
=0
dt
20
4t + 12 +
=0
t +1
t=4

When t = 4, R = 48.1888 + 110a.

3
3
x
2
2

R is the maximum value.

If the second exercise can only be regarded as

47.

(a)

the intensity of a moderate exercise, then

55% R0 < 48.1888 + 110a 70% R0

When t = 0, R = 110

The pulse rate at the start of his first

121 < 48.1888 + 110a 154

exercise is 110 times/min.

0.662 < a 0.962 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

48.

(HKASLE Question)

49 50

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140

(HKCEE Questions)