NERVOUS Mnemonics Cholinergics (eg organophosphates): effects If you know these, you will be "LESS DUMB": Lacrimation Excitation

of nicotinic synapses Salivation Sweating Diarrhea Urination Micturition Bronchoconstriction *Drugs used for the treatment of Parkinsonism Carrot SALAD C - COMT inhibitors S - Selegiline A - Anticholinergics L - L-dopa A - Amantadine D - Dopamine receptor agonists * ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS In depression, Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are the drug of choice in severe depression because of their high efficacy while the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the drug of choice in mild to moderate depression because of their high safety. The side effects of TCAs are: T Tremors C Cardiovascular side effects (arrhythmias esp. in ischemic heart disease, postural hypotension) A Anticholinergic side effects (dry mouth, dysphagia, constipation, urinary retention, palpitations,etc.) S Sedation and Seizures (in predisposed patients) The side effects of SSRIs are: S Serotonin syndrome S Stimulate CNS R Reproductive dysfunctions if male I Insomnia Serotonin syndrome is a very dangerous and fatal situation. It is just like neuroleptic malignant syndrome and results from interaction between serotonin enhancing drugs e.g. SSRIs, MAO-Is, TCAs, etc. Serotonin syndrome is characterized by (causes HARM): H Hyperthermia A Autonomic instability (delirium) R Rigidity M Myoclonus
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Mithramycin (plicamycin) is only antibiotic used in hypercalcemia. Turmeric gives crimson colour & Liquorice gives red with Sulphuric acid.... The live attenuated polio vaccine is: A.Salk vaccine B.Sabin vaccine C.APT D.All of the above ans: b rotasort is used sorting filled caps Which of the following is responsible for pungency of CAPSICUM? a)Capsaicin

b)Capsanthin c)Dihydrocapsaicin d)nordihydrocapsaicin Time required to reach the steady state during multiple dosage depends upon what? a)Shelf life of drug b)Half life c)Dose d)Dosage freq USP Std for Water 4 injection (WFI): cfu - NMT 10/ml;pH - 5-7;Total organic content: 500ppb;Conductivity: 1.3 mcSiemens/cm at 25c. Karl Fischer titration is used to determine moisture content.K.F.reagent contains Iodine,amine(pyridine),sulphurdioxide,methanol baclofen is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic agonist indicated for use in the management of severe spasticity GABA is which type of receptor? How much solvent is required to dissolve sparingly soluble salt (a)10 to 30 part (b)1 to 10 part (c)30 to 100 part (d)100 to 1000 part ans:c Particle size analysis mainly done for a)Dose uniformity b)Dissolution rate c)Stability d)All above. ans-d. *Conductivity test for determ'n of emulsion type may fail for NON IONIC o/w emulsions. o/w emulsions. * i.m. injections are made hypertonic to enhance absorption.
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BIOCHEMISTRY 1) Kreb cycle

Trick:- Can an intelligent officer karan solve foreign mafia operation citrate-aconitase-isocitrate-oxalosuccinate- ketoglutarate(alpha k.g.)-succinate-fumarate-malate-oxaloacetate 2) Essential Amino acids Trick:- My True love is through valentine love phrases methionine,threonine,leucine,isoleucine,tryptophan,valine,lysine, phenylalanine Trick 2:- Essential Amino Acids.. Short Form is VITTHAL-LMP Vitthal is a Marathi Saint famous and hence is easy to memorize.. V-Valine I-Isoleucine T-Tryptophan

T-Threonine H-Histidine A-Arginine L-Leucine L-Lysine M-Methionine P-Phenyl Alanine.. Semi-Essential Amino Acids AH A-Arginine H-Histidine.

All Proteins are composed of L-Alpha Amino acids.

GLYCINE is the ONLY A.A which has NO CHIRAL CENTER, Hence it is the only which does not posses OPTICAL ACTIVITY. (GATE 2009)

TYROSINE is a NON-ESSENTIAL AMINO ACID (Remember TT of VITTHAL is Threonine and Tryptophan)

A.A with Aliphatic Side chain.. Remember the Gang Star arun GAVLI.. G-Glycine A-Arginine V-Valine L-Leucine I-Isoleucine.

A.A with a Aromatic ring.. Phenyl Alanine Tryptophan Tyrosine

A.A with sulphur groups.. METHIONINE (S-CH3) Cysteine has only S.

A.A with Acid and their amides.. Remember the word ACID... Glutamine (Glutamic acid) Aspargine (Aspartic acid)

BIURET is a compound form by heating UREA at 150 degrees Celsius.. (For Alpha Amino acids only)

In NINHYRDIN test, the purple color is also called as RHEUMANN"S PURPLE..

Metabolism..

Metabolism of A.A takes place in LIVER.. And the Metabolites are EXCRETED by KIDNEYS

GLUTAMINE is the Exclusive carrier of NH3.. NH3 is converted to its active Form that is NH4..

3)

Carbohydrates

MnemonicBOMBS Benedict Solution Test Osazone Test Molisch Test Barfoeds Test Salvinoff Test 4) UREA CYCLE:- Also called as KREB-HELMANN cycle Utilizes enzymes..

The First two enzymes are from MITOCHONDRIA and rest are from CYTOSOL.. Utilizes 4 ATP ..(NOT GENERATES) Intermediate is FUMARATE, which is the LINK between TCA(Krebs cycle) and UREA cycle..