Table 3 Values for the design and check specified by the recommended model for axial compression.

Section H-shaped sections Channels RHS SHS CHS a1 d i 0.95d c 2 a2 b i 0.80b fc 2 a4 k Y 4N * c f ba 2 5 8N * c f ba 2 5 4N * c f ba 2 5 4N * c f ba 2 5 4N * c f bd 2 0 a5 b fc + d c 2b fc + d c bc + dc 2b c

d cb fc 4 2d cb fc 3
b 2d 23 bc 3 d0 2 3
i i

d i 0.95d c b i 0.80b fc 2 2 d i 0.95d c b i 0.95b c 2 2 d i 0.95b c b i 0.95b c 2 2 d i 0.80d 0 b i 0.80d o 2 2

dd bb 3 d b 2 db db 1.7 db
2
i i c fc i i c fc

i i

c fc

3 d ib i 2 bc 2 d ib i d0

Thicknesses of base plates with dimensions similar to those of the connected column section calculated with equation (27) might be quite thin, especially in the case of lighlty loaded columns (where Murray-Stockwell Model applies). It is therefore recommended to specify plate thicknesses not less than 6mm thick for general purposes and not less than 10mm for industrial purposes. Similarly a procedure to evaluate/check the capacity of an existing plate is carried out as follows: N s = where: 0.9f yi d ib i t 2 i 2a m
2

0.6 for all GP welds (Table 3.4 of AS 4100) f uw = nominal tensile strength of weld metal (Table 9.7.3.10(1) of AS 4100) t t = design throat thickness k r = 1 (reduction factor to account for length of welded lap connection) Lw = total length of fillet weld Refer to Section 13. for tabulated values of the design capacity of fillet welds v w.

(28)

5. AXIAL TENSION 5.1.

INTRODUCTION There is not much guidance available in literature for the design of unstiffened base plates subject to uplift. The literature presented here outlines the available guidelines for the design of base plates and of anchor bolts. Two models presented here for the design of base plates for hollow sections, which are the IWIMM Model (named here after its authors) and Packer-Birkemoe Model, were firstly derived for bolted connections between hollow sections. [37] and [36] suggest their suitability also for the design of base plates. These models include also guidelines for determining the required number of anchor bolts. Such guidelines are incorporated in the literature review for the design of the steel base plates as their application is only suitable for the particular base plate model they refer to and as they do not account for the interaction between the anchor bolts and the concrete foundation, which is dealt with in the literature review on anchor bolts.

1, = max

1 2 k a4 k 2 t i Y

0.9f2 d b 1
yi i i

a4 a 1, a 2, a 4, k and Y are tabulated in Table 3. This model is applicable to column sections as outlined in Table 3 with the exception of H-shaped sections for which b fc2 is greater than d c as a different yield line pattern from those considered would occur. a m = max a 1, a 2,

4.3.5.

Weld design at the column base

The design of the weld at the base of the column is carried out in accordance with Clause 9.7.3.10 of AS 4100. [11] The weld is designed as a fillet weld and its design capacity N w is calculated as follows: N w = v wL w = 0.6f uwt tk rL w (29) where: v w = design capacity of the fillet weld per unit length = 0.8 for all SP welds except longitudinal fillet welds on RHS/SHS with t < 3 mm (Table 3.4 of AS 4100) 0.7 for all longitudinal SP fillet on RHS/SHS with t < 3 mm (Table 3.4 of AS 4100)

5.2.

BASE PLATE DESIGN - LITERATURE REVIEW

The models presented here differ for their assumptions regarding the failure modes investigated. It is interesting to note that the design guidelines currently available deal with a limited number of base plate layouts. For each model outlined here, the column sections and the number of bolts considered by the model are specified after the model name.

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STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 36 NUMBER 2 SEPT 2002