ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY (1577)

Supplementary Material
Spring, 2013
ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD
Department of Home and Health Sciences
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ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD
(Department of Home and Health Sciences)
Course: Environmental Psychology (1577) Semester: Spring, 2013
Level: Postgraduate
CHECKLIST
This study pack includes following items:
1. Course Book
2. Course Outlines (Unit 1!"
#. Tutor $uide
%. &tudent $uide
'. (ssignments (1 )2"
*. (ssignment +orms
,. &chedule for &u-mitting the (ssignment and Tutorial .eetings
/f any of the a-o0e mentioned material is missing from your pack1 please contact at the
following address:
Mailing Officer
Serices and Operations !loc"
#llama $%&al Open 'niersity
H() $slama&ad
*hone+ 0,1(-0,./11(12
Or
Dr0 1omana #n2um
*rogramme 3oordinator
!loc" 1o0/
#llama $%&al Open 'niersity
H() $slama&ad
Tutor Guide
2
Dear tutor,
On -ehalf of (/OU and course team of 23n0ironmental 4esign 5rogramme6 / welcome
you as tutor to 23n0ironmental 5sychology6 course. 7ou might -e aware1 that the
students enrolled in this programme ha0e 0aried professional -ackground and work
e8perience. 9owe0er1 they all ha0e common interest to deal with en0ironmental issues
related to the -uilding industry.
Course Objectives
The 23n0ironmental 5sychology6 course has -een designed to raise awareness on:
a" 9ow people:s -eha0iour and interaction affect the en0ironment particularly the
-uilt en0ironment;
-" 9ow people modify the spaces to carry out the desired acti0ities; and
c" 9ow certain en0ironments restrict or promote human actions;
This course intends to impart knowledge and skill to design 0aried types of -uildings
(homes1 schools1 offices1 parks" according to people:s -eha0ioural needs.
Course Structure
This is <% (#=1" credit course and comprises nine units along with one field -ased
research acti0ity. >esearch acti0ity is gi0en in assignment 2 of this -ooklet.
(The course outline and chapter wise distri-ution is e8plained -elow for your reference".
Unit-1 ~Environment - Behaviour Relationship is -ased on chapter 1 and % of the
te8t -ook. +rom chapter one students need to study the definition and characteristics of
23n0ironmental 5sychology6 (pages 11<". Chapter % of the -ook needs to -e fully
co0ered (see course outline" &tudents are ad0ised to attempt the pro?ects@acti0ities
incorporated in the te8t for practical learning of concepts introduced in the te8t. 7ou are
ad0ised to encourage the students to carry out those pro?ects and go o0er with them for
sharing the indi0idual learning e8perience during the tutorials.
Unit-2 ~Personal Space and Territoriality is co0ered in chapter A of -ook. This unit
e8amines the territory functions of personal space and its impact on human -eha0iour.
&tudents should -e ad0ised to relate this to their personal e8periences and to e0ol0e
strategies to design -etter spaces to minimiBe pro-lems due to inadeCuate spaces.
Unit-3 ~Noise and Human Behaviour is discussed in chapter ' of the te8t-ook and
descri-es the nature and type of noise that restricts human acti0ity and generates stress
pro-lem. Doise as pollutant is also co0ered in another course of this semester
23n0ironmental 5lanning and 5ractice6 and noise control design strategies are co0ered in
2/ntroduction to 3n0ironmental 4esign6 course.
Unit-4 ~Climate and Behaviour is co0ered in Chapter * of -ook. /t focuses on impact
of temperature (heat and cold" wind and air pressure on human -eha0iour. The design
strategies in response to climate are co0ered in the parallel course of the same semester
2/ntroduction to 3n0ironmental 4esign6 in units 2)#.
Unit-5 ~Disasters, Toxic Hazards and Pollution is e8amined in chapter , of -ook.
This unit discusses how natural and technological disasters disrupt human acti0ity and
how humans adapt to the crisis situation; This information is important and rele0ant to
-uilding design and maintenance.
#
Unit-6 ~High Density and Crowding is included in chapter ! of -ook. This relates to
issues related to glo-al o0er population and its impact on people -eha0iour. &tudents need to
-e guided to e8amine the issues particularly with reference to the -uilding industry.
Unit-7 ~Urban Life and Behaviour falls under the chapter 1< of -ook. This unit
analyBes the effects of city life e8amining the concepts of o0erload1 en0ironmental stress1
-eha0iour constraint1 and o0er staffing. >esearch -ased ur-an 0ersus rural comparisons
are also made to fully understand the related concepts.
Unit-8 ~Architecture, Design and Engineering for Human Behaviour is -ased on
Chapter 11 and 12.This unit highlights the design process and emphasiBe on how to
accommodate human -eha0iour in design decisions. &tudents need to -e encouraged to
share their e8periences taking local e8amples and setting pointers on ma?or pro-lems and
constraints in this country.
Unit-9 ~Changing Behaviour to Save Environment is co0ered in Chapter 1%.
3n0ironmentally destructi0e human -eha0iour is assessed in this unit to raise awareness
in en0ironmentally responsi-le -eha0iour. &tudents may -e ad0ised to make a list of
destructi0e -eha0iour practiced generally and specifically with reference to professional
practice in -uilding industry and discuss ideas to modify these practices.
These students ha0e 0ery limited contact with their course mates and the part time tutors.
/t is therefore important to keep in mind that some of the distancelearning students ha0e
had no links with education during the past few years1 after completing their formal
education1 therefore they might lack confidence. &econdly distancelearning students are
in0ol0ed in studying during their spare time1 pro-a-ly after office hours. 7ou are
therefore reCuested to guide and help the students while keeping these issues in mind.
&ome students may need help in de0eloping professional attitudes as well as
understanding the facts a-out design and en0ironmental psychology.
Study Center:
The main purpose of esta-lishing the study center for distance learning students is to
pro0ide help and guidance for the difficulties faced -y the students while studying at
home. The study centers ha0e -een esta-lished in local institutions. 4uring the lecture
sessions it is reCuired to pro0ide guidance to the students to sort out their pro-lems.
Assignments:
/n the distance learning system1 studying the course units has its own importance -ut
assignments and workshops are the ma?or source of link -etween tutor and the student.
Therefore it is important to offer your comments through these assignments. 38press
your 0iews in such a way that the student is not discouraged1 hurt or feels depress after
going through your comments.
7ou are also e8pected to guide on issues like methods of sol0ing assignments1 effecti0e
methods of studying and methods to impro0e study ha-its and working hard.
Assignment two is research based and requires field survey. Advise students to
discuss the assignment in the lecture sessions at various stages of research activity
(at least three times before finally presenting in the workshop).
1. The stage one may be clarity on topic to develop objectives of study.
2. The stage two can be literature review and design of research tool
(questionnaire etc.).
3. The stage three can be data analysis and presentation style.
%
/t is anticipated that the student will su-mit their assignment in time according to the
prescri-ed schedule. 7ou are therefore reCuested to mark the assignments within 1' days
and return these with detailed comments within the scheduled dates.
.arking $uides are pro0ided to you. 7ou are e8pected to follow the instructions and
make full use of these guides while marking the assignments. The students are e8pected
to a0oid gi0ing unnecessary details and try to -e -rief and comprehensi0e. Ehile marking
the assignments1 the tutor has to assess whether the students ha0e followed the
instructions pro0ided to them or not.
Student Guide
4ear &tudent
(ssalamo (laikum
Ee welcome you to 5$4 leading to .& 3n0ironmental 4esign Course entitled
23n0ironmental 5sychology6. This course is the part of the first semester of your 5$4
leading to .& programme
Course objectives and Course Structure
Course O-?ecti0es and &tructure of the course has -een e8plained earlier in the tutor
guide. 5lease go through the details carefully and follow them accordingly.
Part Time Tutors
7ou are allocated a part time tutor. The name and address of your tutor will -e
communicated to you through post office -y the concerned (/OU >egional Office. The
tutor will help and guide you in studying the -ooks and conducting acti0ities related to
study units. 7ou are e8pected to take full ad0antage of the tutor knowledge and
e8perience. These tutors are also responsi-le for marking your assignments.
.ake all efforts to complete your written assignment according to the prescri-ed
schedule and try your -est to attend all the study sessions according to the timeta-le
pro0ided to you.
&chedule for tutorial meetings are arranged on fortnightly -ases. The specific dates in the
form of tutorial schedule are -eing pro0ided separately. Try to attend these meetings
regularly to get proper guidance from your tutor.
Assignments
The course includes two assignments1 which are compulsory for successful completion of
the whole course. 3ach assignment is of 1<< marks and out of these students o-taining %<
marks will -e declared pass.
Assignment No. 1 is theory -ased and must reach your assigned tutor -efore the due
date. Units 1 -7 are included in your assignment, last two units are left out to adjust
the study period but you must prepare them for your final exams. The schedule of
su-mitting the assignment is pro0ided separately. The tutor will send the marked
assignment -ack to the students within 1' days1 if you do not recei0e the marked
assignment after 1' days please contact your tutor or regional office of the (llama /C-al
Open Uni0ersity.
'
The assignment no. 2 is research -ased and does not need su-mission to the tutor -efore
the workshop is held. +or detailed instructions related to your research -ased assignment
please go through the detailed instructions enclosed with the assignment.
1ote+ Do not forget to dispatch the prescribed forms along with the complete assignments.
Methods of Study:
&tudy period of 1* weeks has -een allocated for studying this course through distance
learning whereas 1,
th
and 1A
th
weeks are kept for general assessment and for final
e8amination.
&. Do Units Assignments Study period
1 12 % weeks
2 #* % weeks
# , (ssignment 1 2 weeks
% A! 2 weeks
' >e0ision (ssignment 2 % weeks
* 5reparation for e8amination 2 weeks
7ou are e8pected to spend four weeks on studying first two units1 this will help to
impro0e your reading speed and get familiar with the contents of the units. The ne8t three
units # to * will -ecome easier for you and you will -e a-le to study them in
comparati0ely less time. 7ou can spend four weeks on studying these four units1 during
the ninth week you can study the unit no. , and during the tenth week1 you complete your
first assignment and dispatch to your tutor.
Study Projects
7ou are also ad0ised to carry out the research pro?ects@acti0ities gi0en at the end of
chapters and share your e8periences in the tutorial sessions.
Unit A to ! can -e studied during 11
th
and 12
th
week respecti0ely and you can start working on
your assignment 2 in the *
th
week and complete it along with the re0ision of your -ook during
the weeks 1#1*. The last two weeks can -e kept for e8amination and its preparation.
Practical Workshop
5ractical workshop will -e arranged for two to three days. &chedule of the workshop and
0enue will -e sent to the students during the study period. Eorkshop will co0er some of
the lectures of the specialist on important topics. The tutor will pro0ide guidance for the
workshop. (ttendance in workshop is compulsory for the students.
Final Examination
(t the end of the course there will -e a final e8amination1 all the students will -e e8pected to
take this e8amination in the e8amination halls especially esta-lished for this purpose.
+or any Cueries you can write to the course coordinator. &uggestions for impro0ement
will also -e welcomed. Ee wish you all the -est.
>egards1
Dr0 1omana #n2um
5rogramme@Course Coordinator
Chairperson
Environmental Psychology
*
4eference !oo"+ Environmental Psychology 4th Edition by Bell, Paul, Greene, Fisher,
Baum
Credits: # (#=<"
Unit 1: Environment-Behaviour Relationship
1.1 Theories of 3n0ironment Beha0iour >elationship
1.2 The (rousal (pproach
1.# The 3n0ironment Foad (pproach
1.%. The Under&timulation (pproach
1.'. (daptation Fe0el Theory
1.* The 3n0ironmental &tress (pproach
Unit 2: Personal Space & Territoriality
2.1 +unctions of 5ersonal &pace
2.2 .ethods of &tudying 5ersonal &pace
2.# &ituational@5hysical and /ndi0idual 4eterminants of &pace
2.% ConseCuences of /nadeCuate@/nappropriate &pace
2.' Territorial Beha0iour
2.* >esearch 30idence of Territorial Beha0iour
2., 4esign /mplications
Unit 3: Noise and Human Behaviour
#.1 Doise 5erception
#.2 9ealth 3ffects of Doise (5hysical ) .ental"
#.# 3ffects of Doise on 5erformance
#.% Doise and &ocial Beha0iour
Unit 4: Climate and Behaviour
%.1 Biological (daptation to Climate
%.2 9eat ) Beha0iour
%.# Cold Temperature and Beha0iour
%.% Eind and Beha0iour
%.' Beha0ioural 3ffects of 9igh (ltitudes and 9igh (ir 5ressure
Unit 5: Disasters, Toxic Hazards and Pollution
'.1 Characteristics@5erceptions of Datural 4isasters
'.2 3ffects of Datural 4isasters
'.# 3ffects of Technological 4isasters
,
'.% 3n0ironmental Theories and 4isasters
'.' &afe disposal of waste water
'.* (ir 5ollution and Beha0iour
Unit 6: High Density & Crowding
*.1 3ffects of 9igh 4ensity on 9umans
*.2 .ethodologies to &tudy 4ensity
*.# 3ffects of 4ensity on &ocial Beha0iour
*.% 3ffects of 4ensity on Task 5erformance
Unit 7: Urban Life and Behaviour
,.1 3ffects of Ur-an Fife on >esidents (O0erload Dations1 (daptation Fe0el1
3n0ironment &tress"
,.2 >esearch 30idence on 3ffects of Ur-an Fife
,.# 3n0ironmental &olutions to Ur-an 5ro-lems
Unit 8: Architecture, Design and Engineering for Human Behaviour
A.1 9istory1 Culture and 4esign 5rocedures
A.2 The Built 3n0ironment(rchitectural 4eterminism1 3n0ironmental
5ossi-ilism ) 5ro-a-ilism
A.# The 4esign 5erspecti0e
A.% The 4esign Contri-ution (5ri0acy1 Colour1 /lluminations1 Eindows1 +urnishing
) (rchitectural (esthetics"
A.' 4esigns in >esidential ) /nstitutional 3n0ironment
A.* Eork1 Fearning ) Feisure 3n0ironment
Unit 9: Changing Behaviour to Save Environment
!.1 3n0ironmental 5sychology ) &a0ing the 3n0ironment
!.2 The Common 4ilemma as an 3n0ironment Beha0iour 5ro-lem
!.# 3n0ironmentally >esponsi-le Beha0iour
!.% Conser0ing 3nergy ) Beha0iour
!.' Easte .anagement (&ource >eduction and >ecycling"
!.* Fittering and Gandalism
ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD
(Department of Home and Health Sciences)
A
WARNING
1. PLAGIARISM OR HIRING OF GHOST WRITER(S) FOR SOLVING
THE ASSIGNMENT(S) WILL DEBAR THE STUDENT FROM
AWARD OF DEGREE/CERTIFICATE, IF FOUND AT ANY STAGE.
2. SUBMITTING ASSIGNMENTS BORROWED OR STOLEN FROM
OTHER(S) AS ONE`S OWN WILL BE PENALIZED AS DEFINED IN
~AIOU PLAGIARISM POLICY.
Course: Environmental Psychology (1577) Semester: Spring, 2013
Total Marks: 100
ASSIGNMENT No.1
(Units: 1-7)
1ote+ #ttempt all %uestions0 5ou need to gie precise ans6ers to all %uestions in your
o6n 6ords 6ith conceptual understanding0
H. 1 4efine 3n0ironmental 5sychology. 4ifferentiate -etween en0ironmentally
constructi0e and destructi0e -eha0iours1 suggest the ways to impro0e
en0ironmentally constructi0e -eha0iours in your surroundings. (20)
H. 2 4iscuss methods of studying personal space1 what are the conseCuences of
inadeCuate or inappropriate space; (15)
H. # 4efine noise perception. 4iscuss effects of noise on performance1 gi0e suita-le
e8amples. (15)
H. % 9uman -eha0iour is related to hot and cold weather1 discuss in detail. (15)
H. ' 38plain the en0ironmental stress approach. 4iscuss its application to
en0ironmental psychology. (15)
H. * 4iscuss the characteristics of natural disasters1 how natural disasters effect human
-eings; 38plain with reference to any of the disasters recently occurred in 5akistan.
(20)
ASSIGNMENT No.2
Total Marks: 100
!
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This assignment is of practical nature1 you ha0e to prepare a research report and
present it in the workshop prior to the final e8amination (you do not need to send
this to your tutor -efore the workshop".
2. The workshop component is mandatory for all the students. 7ou cannot sit in the
final e8amination without compiling this report and presenting it in the workshop.
#. This assignment reCuires thorough re0iew of literature to de0elop the conceptual
framework -efore conducting the field research1 which also needs to -e
incorporated in the report systematically.
%. 7ou can select any of the gi0en topics for field researchI the field 0isits should
prefera-ly -e -ased closed to your home address.
'. 7our research report should -e at least 2<2' typed pages co0ering -oth theoretical
and practical components.
*. /nclude the following sections in your report:
a" /ntroduction and o-?ecti0es of the study
-" .ethodology for field research
c" >e0iew of literature
d" 4ata (nalysis with statistics and graphical representations
e" Conclusions@suggestions
f" (ppendices and -i-liography
,. 5repare three copies of this assignment1 one for yourself1 one for the tutor and the
third one for the 4epartment of 9ome and 9ealth &ciences ((/OU" for record.
(ttach three assignment forms with this assignment as for assignment one.
A. 7ou are supposed to do a presentation in the workshop to the resource person and
course mates1 they should prepare transparencies or other illustrati0e material for
effecti0e presentation.
7ou are ad0ised to consult source material freCuently. /f you need any guidance you may
contact your tutor or write to the 4epartment of 9ome and 9ealth &ciences ((/OU"
TOPICS FOR REPORT WRITING
1<
Select any one of the following topics:
Topic-1
.ake an o-ser0ational study of a pu-lic place (&unday BaBaar1 >ailway &tation1
5u-lic 5ark"1 to study the en0ironmentally destructi0e -eha0iour:
a" 3nlist the en0ironmentally destructi0e -eha0iours@ha-its1
-" Jeep record of en0ironmentally destructi0e -eha0iours1 in the form of
photographs@0ideo films1
c" 4e0elop an educational programme for the awareness of people to -ring
change in their -eha0iour towards an en0ironmentally constructi0e
direction.
Topic-2
Take an appropriate sample of some office employees to study the impact of noise
on work performance:
a"+ind out the nature of work1
-" O-ser0e the type of noise affecting the work performance1
c"(nalyBe the stress and people:s adaptation to stress1
d" &uggest ways to reduce noise pollution1
e"3nlist some stress coping mechanisms.
Topic-3
Conduct an o-ser0ational study of a near-y community to study their territorial
-eha0ior
a"&tudy the territorial -eha0iour of a group of people -y taking photographs or
making 0ideo films1
-" O-ser0e the difference -etween male and female in maintaining distance to
mark their territory1
c"+ind out the -eha0ioural differences when interacting with the family mem-ers
and when they interact with strangers.
Topic-4
.ake an o-ser0ational study of a pu-lic place to study how people sa0e the
en0ironment.
a"&tudy how people utiliBe water1
-" +ind out how people manage wastes1
c"+ind out how many people (adults1 children" in0ol0e in 0andalism1
d" &uggest some techniCues to a0oid littering and 0andalistic -eha0iour.
MARKING GUIDE
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/t is e8pected from the tutors that they will mark the assignments carefully and will
follow the uniform marking standards for all the students. They are also ad0ised to guide
the students for their strengths and weaknesses and also to gi0e guidelines for -etter
performance in future.
+or theory -ased assignment tutors are reCuested to follow the marks di0ision as
indicated on the assignment that is * (si8" Cuestions1 making a total of hundred. The
Cuestions that are further di0ided into parts a1 -1 etc. accompany a further di0ision of
marks as well.
+or the research -ased assignment the allocation of marks is indicated as under:
>esearch (cti0ity.................................................'< .arks
>eport Eriting.....................................................2' .arks
5resentation in the Eorkshop...............................2' .arks
7ou are reCuested to stick to the guidelines pro0ided to maintain the standardiBation and
uniformity.
KKKKKKKKK
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