DEMONSTRATION LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

Prepared by:

DONN EULA B. CHOW

CNHS, Cavite City

I. OBJECTIVES: Content: Analyze the use of the different properties of exponents Process: Correct analysis and interpretation aid in the accurate solution. II. SUBJECT MATTER: Topic: Exponents Subtopic: Properties of Exponents Refe e!ce": Al ebra !! by "ulieta #. $ernabe Colle e Al ebra ) *ri ono+etry by A. Hac,ert /ath ! by 0ictoria Naval St #te$ie": Exposition and 2iscussion, Cooperative 3earnin III. PROCEDURES: A. P ep# #tio! B. Re%ie&: Te#c'e (" Acti%it) Stu*e!t(" Acti%it) $efore 4e o on to our topic, let us have a recap in addin and subtractin polyno+ials. 5ho 4ould li,e to try the first one6 (7x8 9 1x: 9 8x ; < ; %1x8 (:x: ; %%x 9 . %:x8 9 -x: ; -x ( : (x8 9 1x: 9 %-x ; %& ; -x8 ; -x: ; .x (%' <x8 ; :x: 9 .x ; &
=

pp.%&'(%&& pp.%-.(%.pp..1(%'%

1x 9 -x 8x8 9 %'x: 8x8 ; :x: %'x ; .x :x: ; 1x -x: ; 8x

:

!ts ood to find out that you ,no4 ho4 to perfor+ co+bination of polyno+ials. C. Moti%#tio!: >,ay, are class are you fa+iliar 4ith the a+e spell it out6 Aes. ?Spell it >ut@

No4 use the definitions as clues to fill in the +issin letters and co+plete the 4ords, the circled letters fro+ top to botto+ 4ill spell out a certain 4ord. E A B * H 9 the lobe or planet 4e inhabit C 9 / E N ( a +ovie starrin 5olverine, Stor+, Bo ue. "ean #ray and Ni ht cra4ler. P A C ! D ! C > C E A N 9 the lar est ocean > 3 A / P ! C S 9 a+e 4hich are held every four years in different cities around the 4orld N ! 3 E 9 lon est river in the 4orld E N # 3 ! S H 9 the +ost 4idespread lan ua e on Earth N E P * E N E 9 the ei ht planet fro+ the sun * E 3 E S C > P E 9 an optical device that +a nifies i+a es of faint and distant obFects S E N 9 lar est body in the solar syste+ 5hat 4ord did 4e for+ fro+ the circled letter fro+ top to botto+6 E. Le""o! P ope : !n relation to our exercise earlier and the 4ord that 4e have for+ed fro+ this definition: 3et us loo, at this expression: :x 8 y ExponentsG

Ho4 are 4e able to si+plify this expression by usin the properties of

exponents6 5e 4ill find out the solution after 4e discuss the different properties. 5e have five properties of exponents. *hese are: %H product of po4ersI :H Juotient of po4ersI 8H po4er of po4erI 7H po4er of a product and &H po4er of a Juotient. *he first property of exponents is the product of po4ers. Analyzin the property x+ K xn L x+;n , 4hen +ultiplyin li,e bases, si+ply add the exponents. Exa+ple %: x& K x8 L x&;8L x*ry to solve the follo4in : y%: Exa+ple :: y7 K y- L Exa+ple 8: M&x8HM7xH L 0ery ood. *he second property of exponents is the Juotient of po4ers. Analyzin the property x+(n, if +Nn x+ %, if +Ln xn %, if +On xn(+ , 4hen 4e are dividin li,e nonzero bases Mx P 'H, subtract the exponents to for+ a positive difference. !f the exponents are eJual, then the Juotient is %. Exa+ple %: %:x-y& 1x8y8 Exa+ple :: :7p8J. :'x7

-pJ& >,, on the other hand, if the exponents are eJual, then the Juotient is one. Exa+ple %: x& L % x& 3et us try to ans4er this one. -x7 :x7 5hat 4ill be the ans4er6 $ut 4hat if our expression is x&6 x< 5e are oin to apply the ne ative exponent rule. Subtractin the exponents & and <, the difference 4ill be (:. *herefore, x& L x(:. x< $ut ta,e note, 4e cannot leave an exponent be ne ative. *herefore, our ans4er 4ill be %. x: *ry this one. yy%' CorrectG Si+plify the expression x8y: x1y8 % x8y >, very ood, let us no4 +ove on to the third property. *he third la4 is the Po4er of Po4er. Analyzin the property Mx+Hn L x+n , 4hen a po4er is raised to a po4er, si+ply +ultiply the exponents. Exa+ple %: 8p:J7 Mx&H: L x%' *ry to si+plify this expression: My8H. 7

% y:

:x&y:

M::H: Correct. Any Juestions fro+ the first three properties of exponents6 /ovin on to the fourth property of exponents 4hich is the po4er of a product, let us analyze Mx K yH+ L x+ K y+ , 4hen an indicated product is raised to a po4er, then each of the factors is raised to that po4er. Exa+ple %: Ma K bH8 L a8b8 *ry to si+plify the follo4in expression: M8+7n&H: Mxy8H8 Alri htG 3et us no4 discuss the last property of exponents 4hich is the po4er of a Juotient. Analyzin the property x + L x+, for y P ' y y+ 8:+-n%' or .+-n%' x8y.

4hen an indicated Juotient is raised to a po4er, then each of the factors is raised to that po4er. Exa+ple %: a 7 L a7 b b7 Si+plify the follo4in : c d
&

y:< :7 or %1

: : c:

Any Juestions fro+ 4hat 4e have discussed6 c& d& :: or 7 c7 c7

+. ,e!e #-i.#tio! Dive Properties of Exponents Property /eanin of Property in 4ords %. Product of Po4ers x+ K xn L x+;n ?5hen +ultiplyin bases, add exponents.@ li,e the

:. Quotient of Po4ers x xn
+

x+(n, if +Nn %, if +Ln %, if +On xn(+

?5hen dividin li,e non zero bases Mx P 'H, subtract the exponents to for+ a positive difference. !f the exponents are eJual, then the Juotient is one@. ?5hen a po4er is raised to a po4er, +ultiply the exponents.@ ?5hen an indicated product is raised to a po4er, then each of the factors is raised to that po4er.@ ?5hen an indicated Juotient is raised to a po4er, then each of the factors is raised to that po4er@.

8. Po4er of Po4er

Mx+Hn L x+n

7. Po4er of a Product

Mx K yH+ L x+ K y+

&. Po4er of a Quotient

x y

L x+, for y P ' y+

/. 0i1i!$ S2i--": Si+plify the follo4in expression: %. abc xyz

-

:. M+:n1H7 8. M7y7HM8y&H 7. Mz7H7 &. 7&x8y& .x:y 3. E%#-u#tio!: Si+plify the follo4in expression usin the properties of exponents. %. x7y8 x:y :. :x y: 8. y: y1 7. a8 & b1 &. Mb8H7 1. Mabc:H7 <. M<p&H: -. M&a8H8 .. &%' &%' %'. 7:+7n7 1+:n IV. ASSI,NMENT:
8

Besearch so+e situations in the study of science and +athe+atics that +a,e use of exponents. Dor exa+ple, the approxi+ate distances and +easures of heavenly bodies, the ro4th of bacteria.