Honors Chemistry

Name Natasha Chyi Period 5

U n i t 3 : C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n s

Single Replacement Reactions Lab

Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to determine which metals are most reactive and to create an order from most reactive to least reactive. Part I: Reactions with Aqueous Solutions Materials: Metals: Copper Lead Zinc Magnesium Silver Calcium

Solutions: Copper (II) sulfate Silver nitrate Lead (II) nitrate Zinc sulfate Magnesium nitrate

Procedures 1. Using a well plate and the chemical given, determine which reactions will occur between the metals and the solutions. 2. Add to each of the wells a small piece of the appropriate metal which has first been cleaned with sand paper. Note: Your teacher will provide the calcium when you are ready for it. 3. Create a data table to record your observations of before and after reactions. 4. Observe and record any evidence of a replacement reaction (i.e. a thin coating appears on the surface of the metal) occurring each of the test tubes. If no change is visible within five minutes, record this as no reaction Part II: Reactions with Acids Materials: Metals: Copper Magnesium Zinc Silver Lead Calcium

Solution: hydrochloric acid

Procedures: 1. Determine where H+ should be placed on an activity series by comparing the relative amount of bubbling when added to metals. 2. Create a data table and record your results.

Non- Reactive: Magnesium Nitrate + Copper (Copper is less reactive than Magnesium) Reactive: Silver Nitrate+ Zinc (Zinc is more reactive than silver) 1. Write net ionic equations for all the reactions that occurred (highlighting the ones that were supposed to occur that you may not have observed)
Zn(s) + 2Ag(charge of +1) (aq) Zn(charge of +2) (aq) + 2 Ag (s)

2. Determine which substances have been oxidized and which one has been reduced as well as which is the oxidizing agent and which is the reducing agent. In this problem, Zinc was oxidized and Silver was reduced. The Oxidizing agent was silver as it lost two electrons to Zinc, and the reducing agent was Zinc because it gained two electrons from Silver. 3. A metal was found in the lab that was missing its labeling tape. In order to determine the identity of the metal several reactions were performed. When the metal was placed in hydrochloric acid, it bubbled. No reaction was noticed when placed in a solution of calcium nitrate. A reaction was observed when placed in a solution of zinc chloride. What could the metal possibly be? What further test could you run to determine the identity of the metal? 1. 2. 3. 4. It must be less reactive than calcium, as it did not react with calcium nitrate It must be more reactive than Zinc, since it reacted with zinc chloride Taking the two above into consideration, the metal must either be sodium, magnesium, or aluminum. To further test this out, the metal should be placed in a solution of sodium nitrate. If there is no reaction, the metal is sodium. If there is a reaction, a further test must be taken, by placing the metal in magnesium nitrate. If there is no reaction, the metal is magnesium, and if there is a reaction, the metal is aluminum.

Conclusion: This lab helped solidify my understanding of single replacements, when they occur, and what physical changes happen when they occur.