ANTONIO GARICA

17th, January,2013

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES CHART

SIMPLE PRESENT and SIMPLE PAST The active object becomes the passive subject. am/is/are + past participle was/were + past participle Active: Simple Present The movie fascinates me. The movie bores Jack. The movie surprises them. Active: Simple Past The movie bored me. The movie fascinated Jack. The movie surprised them. Passive: Simple Present I am fascinated by the movie. Jack is bored by the movie. They are surprised by the movie. Passive: Simple Past I was bored by the movie. Jack was fascinated by the movie. They were surprisedby the movie.

PRESENT and PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE Passive form: am/is/are + bein + past participle was/were + bein + past participle Active: Present C!ntin"!"s I am helpin !hannon. June is helpin !u and "in . Passive: Present #ontinuous !hannon is bein helped by me. !u and "in are bein helped by June. Passive: Past C!ntin"!"s The bathroom was bein cleaned by me. The bedroom was bein cleaned by them. The kitchen and patio were bein cleaned by !usan.

Active: Past C!ntin"!"s I was cleanin the bathroom. They were cleanin the bedroom. !usan was cleanin the kitchen and patio.

PRESENT PER#ECT$ PAST PER#ECT and #UTURE PER#ECT Passive form: have/has been + past participle had been + past participle Active: Present Per%ect I have mailed the ift. Jack has mailed the ifts. Active: Past Per%ect !teven !pielber had directed the movie. Penny $arshall had directed those movies. Passive: Present Per%ect The ift has been mailed by me. The ifts have been mailed by Jack. Passive: Past Per%ect The movie had been directed by !teven !pielber . The movies had been directed by Penny $arshall.

Active: #"t"re Per%ect John will have finished the project ne%t month. They will have finished the projects before then.

Passive: #"t"re Per%ect The project will have been finished by ne%t month. The projects will have been finished before then.

#UTURE TENSES Passive forms: will + be + past participle is/are oin to be + past participle Active: #"t"re &it' (ILL I will mail the ift. Jack will mail the ifts. Active: #"t"re &it' GOING TO I am oin to make the cake. !ue is oin to make two cakes. Passive: #"t"re &it' (ILL The ift will be mailed by me. The ifts will be mailed by Jack. Passive: #"t"re &it' GOING TO The cake is oin to be made by me. Two cakes are oin to be made by !ue.

PRESENT ) #UTURE MO*ALS The passive form follows this pattern: modal + be + past participle Passive: (ILL ) (ON+T ((ILL NOT Tom will be invited to the party by !haron will invite Tom to the party. !haron. !haron won&t invite Jeff to the party. Jeff won&t be invited to the party by !haron. '!haron will not invite Jeff to the 'Jeff will not be invited to the party party.( by !haron.( Active: (ILL ) (ON+T ((ILL NOT Active: CAN ) CAN+T (CAN NOT $ai can foretell the future. Terry can&t foretell the future. 'Terry can not foretell the future.( Active: MA, ) MA, NOT )er company may ive *atya a new office. The la+y students may not do the homework. MIG-T ) MIG-T NOT )er company mi ht ive *atya a new office. The la+y students mi ht not do the homework. Active: S-OUL* ) S-OUL*N+T !tudents should memori+e ,n lish verbs. Passive: CAN ) CAN+T (CAN NOT The future can be foretold by $ai. The future can&t be foretold by Terry. 'The future can not be foretold by Terry.( Passive: MA, ) MA, NOT *atya may be iven a new office by her company. The homework may not be done by the la+y students. MIG-T ) MIG-T NOT *atya mi ht be iven a new office by her company. The homework mi ht not be done by the la+y students. Passive: S-OUL* ) S-OUL*N+T ,n lish verbs should be memori+ed by students.

#hildren shouldn&t smoke ci arettes. Active: OUG-T TO !tudents ou ht to learn ,n lish verbs. 'ne ative ought to is rarely used(

#i arettes shouldn&t be smoked by children. Passive: OUG-T TO ,n lish verbs ou ht to be memori+ed by students.

Active: -A* .ETTER ) -A* Passive: -A* .ETTER ) -A* .ETTER NOT .ETTER NOT !tudents had better practice ,n lish ,n lish had better be practiced every day. every day by students. #hildren had better not drink -hiskey had better not be drunk by whiskey. children. Active: MUST ) MUST NOT Tourists must apply for a passport to travel abroad. #ustomers must not use that door. Active: -AS TO ) -AVE TO !he has to practice ,n lish every day. !ara and $iho have to wash the dishes every day. *OESN+T -AVE TO) *ON+T -AVE TO $aria doesn&t have to clean her bedroom every day. The children don&t have to clean their bedrooms every day. Passive: MUST ) MUST NOT . passport to travel abroad must be applied for. That door must not be used by customers. Passive: -AS TO ) -AVE TO ,n lish has to be practiced every day. The dishes have to be washed by them every day. *OESN+T -AVE TO) *ON+T -AVE TO )er bedroom doesn&t have to be cleaned every day. Their bedrooms don&t have to be cleaned every day.