University of t e P i!

i""ines
Co!!ege of S#ien#e

PHYSICS 73
1st Long Probset

2nd semester AY 2013 - 2014

I$S%&UC%I'$S( Choose the best answer and shade the corresponding circle in your answer sheet. To change your answer, cross-out and sign your original answer and then shade your new answer. US)*UL C'$S%A$%S( ideal gas constant: R = 8.314 J/ ol! = "."8#"$ %at / ol! &olt' ann constant: k = 1.3811"-#3 J/ olecule! (te)an-&olt' ann constant: = *.$+1"-8 ,/ #!4 1 at osphere = 1."11"* -ascal 1""" liter = 1 3 ./ogadro0s nu 1er: 2. = $."## 3 1"#3 olecules/ ol I$*'&+A%I'$ A,'U% -A%)&( nor al )ree'ing point = #+3.1* ! = ".""oC nor al 1oiling point = 3+3.1* ! = 1""."" oC triple-point te perature = #+3.1$ ! = "."1oC speci)ic heat 4li5uid water6 = 4.171"3 J/8g! speci)ic heat 4ice6 = #.1"1"3 J/8g! latent heat o) )usion = 3.341"* J/8g latent heat o) /apori'ation = #.#*$1"$ J/8g

Hour 2 1. The pressure of a gas at the triple point of water is P. The gas is warmed at constant volume until the pressure is 3P. What is the final Celsius temperature as compared to the temperature of the triple point of water in Celsius? A. greater by a factor of more than !. greater by a factor of C. greater by a factor between 1 and ". lesser by a factor of 1# $. the same 2. A temperature change of 1 % C& was observed' what is the corresponding temperature change in the (ahrenheit scale? A. )% (& !. 2* (& C. 1 % (& ". )% (& $. % (&
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Hour . A %m by %m solid s,uare ob-ect has a hole in the middle of radius 2m. .f the ob-ect is cooled with a small finite temperature change' what will happen to the radius of the circular hole? A. decreases !. increases C. remains the same ". answer depends on the coefficient of linear e/pansion of the material $. answer depends on the magnitude of the temperature change *. A 101 cylindrical flas2 is filled to the brim with glycerin at 3&C. When the temperature of the system is raised to )3&C' 14 m1 of glycerin spills out of the flas2. 5iven that the coefficient of volume e/pansion of glycerin is *4 / 130% 601' determine the coefficient of linear e/pansion of the flas2. A. 7.* / 130* 601 !. .2 / 130* 601 C. 1.% / 130% 601 ". 3.8 / 130% 601 $. 3.% / 130% 601 Hour * %. 233 g of steam and 233 g of li,uid water' both of which have a temperature of 133.3&C' are cooled to a temperature of 3.3&C. Which among the two substances will release more heat? A. 1i,uid Water !. 9team C. :either will release any heat ". !oth will release an e,ual amount of heat $. There is insufficient data to answer this ,uestion.

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7. 1% 2g of ice at 3 &C is mi/ed with 23 2g of steam at 133 &C in a thermally isolated vessel and allowed to reach thermal e,uilibrium. What is the final temperature of the resulting mi/ture? A. 2%8 &C !. 02) &C C. 2% &C ". 3 &C $. 133 &C ). A 3.31 2g iron nail is driven into a board by a 2.33 2g hammer that increases its temperature. The speed of the hammer as it hits the nail is %.33 m#s. .f %3; of the 2inetic energy delivered by the hammer is transformed into heat that flows into the nail and does not flow out' what is the temperature increase of the nail after it is struc2 once? c.ron < *)3 = # 2g 6 A. 13.7* C& !. %. 2 C& C. 2.77 C& ". 3.% C& $. 3.33 C& Hour % 8. Which of the following statements about heat transfer is T>?$? .. Conduction re,uires the motion of atoms from one region to another ... Convection re,uires a fluid to transfer heat .... >adiation does not re,uire a medium to transfer heat A. . only !. .. only C. ... only ". .. and ... $. .' .. and ... 4. Three different metal rods 1' 2 and conduct the same amount of heat per unit time if their ends are sub-ected to the same temperature gradient. Arrange

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the thermal conductivities of the metals in "$C>$A9.:5 order if their physical dimensions are@ Aetal rod 1@ cross0sectional area S' length L Aetal rod 2@ cross0sectional area 3.%S' length 2L Aetal rod @ cross0sectional area S' length 2L A. 1' 2' !. 2' ' 1 C. 2' 1' ". 1' ' 2 $. ' 2' 1 13. A tungsten sphere with radius 2 cm is suspended in a large evacuated room with walls at 33 6. .f you want to maintain the temperature of the sphere at 2333 6' 182 W of power input is needed. What is the emissivity of tungsten? A. 1.3 !. 3.8 C. 3.) ". 3.* $. 3.3 Hour 7 11. 9ome n moles of ideal gas at pressure P' was heated isobarically so that its temperature rose from T1 to T2. What is the final volume occupied by the gas? A. nRT2 2 # BPT1C !. nRT2 # P C. nRT1 2 # BPT2C ". nRT2 # P $. Cannot be determined 12. Two identical cylinders are filled with different ideal gases having the same pressure and temperature. Which of the following statements is T>?$ regarding the setups? A. The total mass of gas is the same in both cylinders.
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!. The total number of gas molecules is the same in both cylinders. C. !oth gases have the same density. ". All of the above $. :one of the above 1 . A cylinder contains 3.133 mol of an ideal monoatomic gas. .nitially the gas is at a pressure of 1.33 / 13% Da and occupies a volume of 2.%3 / 130 m . .f the gas is allowed to e/pand at constant pressure to twice the initial volume' find the final temperature. A. 732 6 !. 31 6 C. 1%3 6 ". 1812 6 $. 72 6 Hour ) 1*. A rigid vessel contains some amount of ideal gas. The density and pressure of the gas was determined to be and P' respectively. What is the vrms of the molecules of the gas? A. BP#B3CC1/2 !. B2RP#C1/2 C. BRk#PC1/2 ". B3P#C1/2 $. B3k#PC1/2 1%. The molar mass of carbon mono/ide CE is 28.3 g#mol. .f the temperature is 33 6' what is the fraction of CE molecules with speeds between 13 m#s and )2% m#s? v#vrms 3.23 3.*3 3.73 fraction 3.311 3.3)) 3.218 v#vrms 1.23 1.*3 1.73 fraction 3.))1 3.882 3.4*)

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3.83 1.33 A. 3.77* !. 3.882 C. 3.218 ". 3.44 $. 3.333

3.*11 3.738

1.83 2.33

3.4)4 3.44

17. 9uppose a container filled with Helium gas is maintained at a temperature of *33 6. What is the average translation 2inetic energy of a Helium atom according to the 2inetic molecular theory? A. 8.24 / 13021 = !. 2.)7 / 13021 = C. %.%2 / 13021 = ". 1. 8 / 13023 = $. 1.4 / 13023 =

Hour 8 1). 9ome n moles of hydrogen gas' a diatomic gas' is 2ept in a closed cubic vessel of constant volume V. The initial temperature was measured to be T. .f some ,uantity of heat Q is absorbed by the gas' what is the final temperature of the gas? A. T + 2Q / (5nR) !. T + 2Q / (3nR) C. T - 2Q / (5nR) ". T - 2Q / (3nR) $. T 18. Derfectly rigid containers each hold n moles of ideal gas' one being hydrogen BH2C and other being neon B:eC. .f it ta2es 133 = of heat to increase
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the temperature of the hydrogen by 2.%3 C&' by how many degrees will the same amount of heat raise the temperature of the neon? Assume that the heat capacities of H2 and :e follow the e,uipartition theorem. A. *.1) C& !. 1.%3 C& C. 1.43 C& ". 8.31 C& $. *.81 C& 14. 9uppose it was determined that the gas molecules of a sample has the following degrees of freedom@ three translational' two vibrational and three rotational. According to the e,uipartition theorem' what is the sampleFs heat capacity? A. *> !. 8> C. )#2 > ". > $. %#2 > Hour 4 23. Consider some n moles of ideal gas at some initial temperature and pressure' T and P1' respectively. .f the gas was compressed isothermally to a higher pressure P2' how much wor2 was done by the gas? A. GnRT lnBP2 # P1C !. 2nRT lnBP2 # P1C C. nRT lnBP2 # P1C ". G2nRT lnBP2 # P1C $. 3 21. Three moles of an ideal monoatomic gas e/pands at a constant pressure of 2.%3 atmH the volume of the gas changes from .23 / 1302 m to *.%3 / 1302 m . Calculate the amount of wor2 the gas does in e/panding. A. .28 2= !. 0 .28 2= C. 3.3 2% 2=
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". 1. 1 2= $. 14.** 2= 22. 9uppose an ideal gas' initially at pressure P and volume V' can e/pand to a final volume 2V via any thermodynamic process. Which thermodynamic process will yield the highest amount of wor2 done by the gas? A. isobaric !. isothermal C. isochoric ". adiabatic $. free e/pansion 2 . Ene mole of an ideal gas is initially at 1.2 / 13% Da and 3.3 m . The gas is then heated at constant pressure resulting to an 83 C& increase in temperature. What is the wor2 done by the system? A. 77% = !. 077% = C. %71 = ". 1.2 = $. 1%% = Hour 13 2*. 9ome n moles of ideal gas at a temperature T and occupying a volume V1' underwent a cyclic process. (irstly' it underwent an isothermal e/pansion so that its new volume is V2. :e/t' it was compressed bac2 to the original state such that this process traces out a straight line in the pV diagram. How much heat flowed into the system during this cycle? A. nRT lnBV1 # V2C I nRT BV12 I V22C # BV2V1C !. nRT lnBV2 # V1C 0 nRT BV12 0 V22C # B*V2V1C C. nRT lnBV2 # V1C 0 nRT BV1 G V2C ". nRT lnBV1 # V2C I nRT BV1 I V2C $. nRT lnBV2 # V1C I nRT BV12 0 V22C # B2V2V1C 2%. An ideal gas e/pands while the pressure is 2ept constant. What is the direction of the heat flow?
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A. into the gas !. out of the gas C. no heat involved ". cannot be determined $. constant temperature Hour 11 27. 9ome amount of ideal gas with ratio of heat capacities , is at pressure and temperature' P1 and T1' respectively. .f it was compressed adiabatically to a final temperature T2' what is the final pressure of the gas? A. P1 BT2 # T1C 1 / (1 - ) !. BP1 T2 # T1C 1 - C. P1 BT2 # T1C / (1 - ) ". P1 BT2 # T1C 1 / ( - 1) $. P1 BT2 # T1C / ( - 1) 2). An ideal monoatomic gas is initially at a pressure of 1.33 / 13% Da' volume of 2.%3/130 m and temperature of 31 6. .f the gas is allowed to e/pand adiabatically to twice the initial volume' calculate the change in internal energy per mole. A. 01 4% =#mol !. 2214 =#mol C. 02%)* =#mol ". 184 =#mol $. 1%1% =#mol Hour 12 28. 9uppose an e/perimental engine has an efficiency of 3.2%. .f the engine burns 2erosene Bheat of combustion < *.723 / 13) =#2gC at a rate of %33 mg per cycle' how much wor2 does it deliver per cycle? A. %.8 / 13 = !. %.8 / 137= C. 1.2 / 13) =
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". 2. / 13* = $. 1.) / 13* = 24. An engine operating using the Etto cycle has an efficiency of 3. %. Assume that its wor2ing substance is purely a diatomic gas. What is the compression ratio of this engine? A. 2.4 !. 1.* C. 1.4 ". 1.7 $. %.3 Hour 1 3. A window air0conditioner unit absorbs 4.83 / 13* = of heat per minute from the room being cooled and in the same time period deposits 1.** / 13% = of heat into the outside air. What is the coefficient of performance? A. 2.1 !. 1.*) C. 3.78 ". 3.*) $. .1 1. "uring one summer season' your friend suggested that to cool down your room' you 2eep all doors and windows closed while setting your refrigerator to the lowest temperature and 2eep its door open. Why is your friendFs idea not plausible? A. The temperature difference between your room and refrigerator is very large. !. The refrigerator ta2es heat from the room but throws it right bac2 to the room. C. 1arge power input is needed to cool your room. ". The temperature difference between your room and refrigerator is small. $. The refrigerator cannot wor2 if its door is 2ept open. Hour 1*
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2. Two adiabatic curves intersect once on a DJ diagram. A cycle could be completed by creating a thermodynamic path between the two adiabatic curves. Which of the following added thermodynamic paths would follow the second law of thermodynamics? A. isobaric !. isochoric C. isothermal ". none of the above $. all of the above . Which of the following statements is (A19$? A. The second law of thermodynamics states that it is impossible to achieve absolute Kero with a finite number of steps. !. The 6elvin0Dlanc2 statement and the Clausius statements are e,uivalent. C. The coefficient of performance of a refrigerator can be less than 1. ". The spontaneous transfer of heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir is impossible. $. The efficiency of any engine is always positive. Hour 1% *. A copper pot at room temperature is filled with room0temperature water. .magine a process whereby the water spontaneously freeKes and the pot becomes hot. This process violates? A. The first law of thermodynamics only. !. The second law of thermodynamics only. C. The first and second laws of thermodynamics. ". The conservation of energy. $. The second law of thermodynamics and the conservation of energy. %. A Carnot heat engine has a thermal efficiency of 3.733' and the temperature of its hot reservoir is 833 6. .f 333 = of heat is re-ected to the cold reservoir in one cycle' what is the amount of heat input from the hot reservoir during one cycle? A. )%33 =
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!. %333 = C. 23 = ". 1233 = $. 1833 = 7. What is the ma/imum possible efficiency of heat engine operating between TC < 2%&C and TH < 443&C? A. )7; !. %; C. 4); ". 2*; $. %7; ). Which of the following are parts of a Carnot cycle for a Carnot refrigerator BTH L TCC? .. .sothermal e/pansion at TH ... Adiabatic e/pansion to TC .... .sothermal compression at TH .J. Adiabatic compression to TC A. . and .. only !. . and .J only C. .. and ... only ". ... and .J only $. :one of the above Hour 17 8. Three moles of an ideal gas undergo a reversible isothermal compression at 23.3 &C. "uring this compression' 18%3 = of wor2 is done on the gas. What is the change of entropy of the gas? A. 07. 1 =#6 !. 0 ).78 =#6 C. 42.%3 =#6 ". 3.1% =#6 $. 8.87 =#6

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4. A container' filled with 3.2%3 2g of water at 8%.3 &C' is inside a room at 23 &C. The water eventually cools to the room temperature. The cooling process is essentially isothermal for the air in the room. Calculate the total entropy change of the waterIair A. 22 =#6 !. 0**2 =#6 C. 14* =#6 ". 1888 =#6 $. 0*414 =#6 *3. 9uppose you want to observe the resulting change in entropy of a liter of water as it undergoes an increase in temperature. Arrange the change in entropy of the water as its temperature .. goes from 23 &C to *3 &C ... goes from 2% &C to %3 &C .... goes from 3 &C to %3 &C A. .. L ... L . !. ... L . L .. C. .. L . < ... ". .. L . L ... $. . < .. L ... Hour 1) *1. A configuration of molecules underwent a change in entropy !S. What is the ratio between the final and initial number of microstates? A. !S#k !. "-!S#2 C. lnB!S#k) ". k lnB!S) $. "!S#2 *2. Two moles of an ideal gas occupy a volume V. The gas e/pands isothermally and reversibly to a volume V. What is the change in entropy of the system? A. 018.2) =#6
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!. 04.1 =#6 C. 4.1 =#6 ". 11.% =#6 $. 18.2) =#6

END OF EXAM

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