Experiment 1 Aim: To study various cables used in networking.

Theory: Packet Tracer supports a wide range of network connections. Each cable type can only be connected to certain interface types. Various types of cables are: 1. Console: Console connections can be made between PSs and routers or switches. Certain conditions must be met for the Console session from the PC to work. The speed on both sides of the connection must be the same, the data bits must be 7 for both or 8 for both, the parity must be 1 or 1 (but they do not have to be the same) and the flow control can be anything for either side. 2. Copper Straight-Through: This cable type is standard Ethernet media for connection between devices that operate at different OSI layers (such as hub to router, switch to PC, router to hub). 3. Copper cross-over: This cable type is Ethernet media for connection between devices that operate at the same OSI layer (such as hub to hub, PC to PC). 4. Fiber: Fiber media is used to make connections between fiber ports (100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps). 5. Phone: Phone line connections can only be made between devices with medium ports. The standard application for modern connections is an end device (such as a PC) dialing into a network cloud. 6. Coaxial: Coaxial media is used to make connections between coaical port such as cable modem connected to a packet tracer cloud. 7. Serial DCE & DTE: Serial connections, often used for WAN links, must be connected between serial ports. Note that you must enable clocking on DCE side to bring up the line protocol. The DTE cloud is optional. You can tell which end of connection is in DCE side by small clock icon next to the port of your choice.

Output:

Experiment 2 Aim: Create a Network in Cisco Packet Tracer.

Steps: 1. Start creating a network by first selecting the End Devices. Add a Generic PC and a Generic Server to the workspace. 2. Under Connections, select the Copper Cross-over cable (dashed line) and connect the devices with it. The lights should turn green. 3. Open the PC configuration window and change the settings using the Config tab. Change the display name to Client and set the DNS server to 192.168.0.105. Under Interface, click FastEthernet and set the IP address as 192.168.0.110 and keep Port Status box is checked. 4. Open the Server configuration window and go to the Config tab. Change the display name to Web Server. Click FastEthernet and set the IP address as 192.168.0.105 and keep Port Status checked. Click DNS and set the domain name as www.firstlab.com. Set the IP address as 192.168.0.105 and click Add. 5. Check to make sure that the service for DNS is on. Output:

Experiment 3 Aim: Introduction to basic router configuration and basic commands.

Steps: 1. Click on router to bring up configuration menu and verify it is turned on. 2. Next, open the Ethernet port to allow communication. Although they are physically connected, they are in a state known as being in administrator shut down. WE can add modules also, respective to the router selected. 3. Now, click on CLI tab to access the configuration menu. a. Router> enable b. Router# config t c. Router (config) # interface fa 0/0 d. Router (config-if) # no shutdown 4. Repeat above step for other interfaces connected to the router. 5. Type exit to go back to previous mode. Output:

Experiment 4 Aim: Configuration of IP addressing for a given scenario for a given set of topologies. Network with Star Topology (using a Hub)
Steps: 1. Set up the Network with 3 PCs connected to a Hub, using a Copper Straightthrough cable (solid black line). 2. Provide the IP Addresses to the computers on the network and the subnet mask: Eg. Click on PC0 ->Desktop->IP Configuration 3. Send a packet from source to destination by specifying the source device and destination device. 4. Hub broadcasts it to all the other PCs . Only the one for which the packet is intended will accept it and the others will discard the packet. 5. The acknowledgment is sent from the destination via the hub back to the source Output:

Network with Star Topology (using a Switch)

Steps: 1. Set up the Network with 3 PCs connected to a Switch, using a Copper Straight-through cable (solid black line). 2. Provide the IP Addresses to the computers on the network and the subnet mask: Eg. Click on PC0 ->Desktop->IP Configuration 3. Send a packet from source to destination by specifying the source device and destination device. 4. The switch transfers data only to the destination; it does not broadcast the packets Output:

Network with Star Topology (using a Router)

Steps: 1. Set up the Network with 3 PCs connected to a Switch, using a Copper Straight-through cable (solid black line). 2. Provide the IP Addresses to the computers on the network and the subnet mask: Eg. Click on PC0 ->Desktop->IP Configuration. 3. Click on the Router. Open the CLI tab and type following commands i. Router>enable ii. Router#conf t iii. Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. iv. Router(config)#interface fa 0/0 v. Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 vi. Router(config-if)#no shut vii. Router(config-if)#exit viii. Router(config)#ip dhcp pool swati ix. Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 x. Router(dhcp-config)#exit xi. Router(config)# xii. Router# xiii. %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console 4. Send a packet from source to destination by specifying the source device and destination device. Output:

Experiment 5 Aim: To configure a DHCP server.

Steps: 1. Set up a Network with two Generic PCs and a Generic Server connected via a switch, using Copper Straight Cable. 2. Click on the Server. Click on desktop tab, configure the IP configuration. 3. Click on DHCP configuration and set the Starting IP address, default gateway & maximum no. of users and save this configuration. 4. In each End device select the config tab and click on fast Ethernet and set the IP configuration to DHCP rather than static. Another way of doing it is click on desktop tab and in IP Configuration set it as DHCP.

Output:

Experiment 6 Aim: To configure and implement static routes.

Theory: The network we are considering, consists of two routers, two routers are connected to two PCs each. The ip address along with their respective gateways are shown in the figure itself. The two routers are connected using a serial DCE connection. The command used to assign static route is :ip route [destination network] [mask] [next hop address] ip route - command to create static route. destination network the network you are placing in the routing table. mask the subnet mask being used in the network . next hop address the address of the next hop router that receives and forwards the packet. Steps: Router 0: Router > en Router # config t Router(config) # interface fa0/0 Router(config-if) # ip add 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if) # no shutdown Router(config-if) # int s0/0 Router(config-if) # ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if) # clock rate 64000 Router(config-if) # no shut Router(config-if) # exit Router(config) # ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 Router 1: Router > en Router # config t Router(config)# int f0/0 Router(config-if) # ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if) # no shut Router(config-if) # int s0/0 Router(config-if) # ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if) # no shut Router(config-if) # exit Router(config) # ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

Output:

Experiment 7 Aim: To configure and implement RIP routing protocol in a given scenario.
Steps: The given network consists of three routers(1841), two switches(2960-24TT) and two PCs connected to the two switches. Router>enable Router#conf t Router(config)#interface fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config)#int s/0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 9600 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#route rip Router(config-router)#version 2 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 Router(config-router)#network 191.168.1.0 Router(config-router)#exit Router(config)#exit Same steps are repeated for router 1 and router 2 Since routers have been assigned RIPO routing we can easily send packets from PC0(192.168.1.2) to PC1 192.168.4.2) and vice versa

Output:

Experiment 8 Aim: To configure a DNS server.

Steps: 1. Set up a Network with two Generic Servers and a Generic PC connected via a router, using Copper Straight Cable. 2. Click on one of the Server. Click on config tab, and change its name to DNS server and similarly for the other server: Web-server. 3. Go to Desktop tab of the DNS-server and open the IP Configuration. 4. In the IP Configuration of DNS-Server enter the IP Address: 192.168.1.1 and the default subnet mask, i.e., 255.255.255.0 5. Go to Desktop tab of Web-server and open the IP Configuration. 6. In the IP Configuration of Web-server enter the IP Address: 192.168.1.2 and default subnet mask ,i.e., 255.255.255.0 7. Go to Desktop tab of the Generic-Pc and open the IP Configuration. 8. In the IP Configuration of Web-server enter the IP Address: 192.168.1.3 and default subnet mask ,i.e., 255.255.255.0 and in DNS Server enter: 192.168.1.1 9. Click on Web-server > Config > HTTP and in the content of index.html change the contents as desired (here changed the header to www.mait.ac.in & the content displayed). 10. Click on DNS-Server and enter the desired name (DNS) and the IP Address, here DNS: www.mait.ac.in and Address: 192.168.1.2 (Web-server). 11. Click on Generic-PC > Desktop > Web Browser 12. Now enter the DNS address www.mait.ac.in. It will display the content of index.html at IP address associated with the DNS www.mait.ac.in (i.e., 192.168.1.2, the Web-server hosted index.html)

Output:

Experiment 9 Aim: To configure a FTP server.

Steps: 1. Assign IP addresses to the PCs and to router interfaces and hence configure the router. 2. Select the server.Now under catalog tab select service FTP . Make sure the service is on.Check the radio botton if theres any doubt. 3. In user seting section,specify the user name and password that will be used to log in when thae files have to be transferred.Also check various privileges that a remote user will be allowed to have at the same using add button. 4. Select the router again in order to provide username and password to the router so that it can route packages to the correct FTP server and vic-a-versa. 5. Type the following commands in order to provide username and password of FTP server to router. a. Router(config-if)# ip ftp username em2.pac b. Router(config-if)# ip ftp password em2.pac 6. Now go to one of the PC and fire up the command prompt .In the command prompt to make an ftp connection: a. PC> Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. b. Username: em2.pac c. Password: d. ftp> 7. After providing you the IP address of the FTP server it will prompt you about the username and password.this must match with the respective field while configuring the ftp server. The prompt will show you that you have entered correct name and password and you are ready to transfer the file.

Output:

Experiment 10 Aim: To configure a mail server and send and receive mails in the same network.
Steps: 1. Draw the given network and assign IP addresses to all the PCs and servers in the network. 2. Select the server and under the configuration tab select EMAIL SERVER. 3. Now Power on the SMTP service and POP3 service in case they are off. 4. Set the domain name and then in the user setup section provide the username of the users who are going to communicate. The password of respective users is also set. Add these users. 5. Select the first PC and Under the Desktop tab. select Email to configure mail on this PC. Fill the given fields in order to configure mail. The IP address of the mail server is provided in both incoming mail server and outgoing mail server field. Username and password must match to their counter parts on the server side. Save this configuration and do the same in order to configure mail on second PC. 6. In order to send the mail, select one of the PCs. Under the desktop tab select email button and mail browser windows will pop up. Here click on compose a mail and send to the destined receiver by providing his email address. 7. In order to receive the mail, select one of the PCs. Select one of the PCs to which the mail is sent. Under the desktop tab select email button and mail browser windows will pop up. Here receiver button to receive the mail from the sender. 8. In the mail browser, we can compose a mail, receive a mail, compose a mail, delete mail and configure a mail.

Output: