Lab 03- Intro to Chemical Changes Alec Rabold 10/13/13 Period 4 No Partner

Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to observe macroscopic changes that common chemicals undergo, then to infer the submicroscopic behavior of atoms and molecules. Equipment/Materials: Safety: Wear safety glasses Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) FD&C blue No. 1 (Blue Dye) Potassium iodine (KI) Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Ammonia (NH3) Hydrochloric acid (HCI) Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) Lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) Sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4) Phenolphthalein (phen) Silver nitrate (AgNO3) Copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4) Starch

Use small-scale pipettes only for carefully controlled delivery of liquids MSDS: Substance NaHCO3 KI CaCl2 Na2CO3 NaOH NH3 HCI NaOCI Pb(NO3)2 NaHSO4 Phen AgNO3 CuSO4 0 0 1 0 3 2 3 2 2 1 1 3 2 Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Flammability 0 1 0 0 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 3 0 Reactivity

Clean Up: Avoid contamination Clean small-scale reaction surface by absorbing contents on paper towel o o Then wipe with damp paper towel and dry it Throw away all paper towels

Wash hands with soap

Data Table: Chemical Combinations

Chemicals NaHCO3 + HCI HCI + Blue Dye Blue Dye + NaOCI NaOCI + KI KI + Pb(NO3)2 Pb(NO3)2 + CaCl2 CaCl2 + NaHSO4 NaHSO4 + Na2CO3 Na2CO3 + phen Phen + NaOH NaOH + AgNO3 Bubbles Light green color Light Blue No reaction With HCl Turned dark blue then aqua blue Turned yellow/orange With starch Turned brown Instant bright yellow Precipitate Fizzy/bubbles White color No visible change Lots of bubbles Instant purple color Instant dark purple Bold brown color Observations

 AgNO3 + NH3 NH3 + CuSO4 CuSO4 + NaHCO3

Cloudy White/Brown solids at bottom over time No visible change (Clear) A few solids at the bottom Light blue color Solids at the bottom Cloudy Light blue color

NaOH + AgNO3 exposed to sunlight:

Summary Questions: 1. The chemical formula of carbon dioxide is CO2. It is commonly found in soda. 2. The other mixings that bubbled included: Pb(NO3)2 + CaCl2 (only slightly fizzed) and NaHSO4 + Na2CO3. 3. The gas formed by NaHSO4 + Na2CO3 is CO2. 4. HCI is found in a human stomach. Blue food dye turns light green when HCl is added. 5. With the addition of HCl and NaOCl to the blue dye, it turned a dark blue, then it turned aqua blue. 6. The KI and NaOCl is yellow/orange. With the addition of starch, it turned brown. 7. KI + Pb(NO3)2 produced a bright yellow precipitate.

8. NaOH + AgNO3 was a bold brown and was cloudy, then created solids on the bottom. NH 3 + CuSO4 was
cloudy with solids at the bottom.

9. NH3 + CuSO4 precipitated slowly. 10. NaOH + AgNO3 produced a distinctive muddy brown precipitate. 11. When I put the paper in sunlight, the spot turned to a brown color. 12. We know that a chemical reaction is occurring due to a change in color, a reaction to light, and a precipitate formed. 13. The above are the most notable observations that I made regarding the NaOH + AgNO3 mixture.