Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION In our contemporary society at present, every country is facing various problems in suppressing crime rate. Every country has different crime profile and no one could claim that they had the best strategy that will lessen the increasing criminality. To deal with this problem, law enforcement agencies had already move on to the principle of crime prevention rather than crime fighting in order to determine their effectiveness and efficiency in accomplishing their goals; to maintain peace and order, protect civil rights, civil liberties and enforcing the law. The evolution of Crime Prevention has been expanded that, from being seen as a relatively narrow policing function, it evolves to the extent that it involves now a much broad transversal approach by different state and community actors. It is now accepted that prevention takes many forms, that it involves many sectors and levels of government and civil society, and that local authorities and communities have a major role to play, supported by strong subregional and national strategies and policy. There is accumulating evidence that many prevention programs are not only effective in reducing offending and victimization, but cost beneficial, resulting in considerable long-term savings for the investment entailed, and bringing social and economic benefits well beyond reductions in crime. Crime prevention is an aspect that every state has to consider in order to ensure security as well as the safety. Peace and order relies on how efficient a state is in a position to fight and prevent crime. There are laws set to assist in the governance process of every nation and they decide on the penalties that an individual has to

endure in order to ensure that justice prevails. The police are a body by the government that has the responsibilities of making sure that all the citizens adhere to the set laws at all times and in cases where there are law breakers then they are in power to find and restrain them in government correction facilities. Crime prevention programs are important since they contribute to an increased security system. This crime prevention theory aims to prevent every potential criminal to commit crime and decrease their opportunity in committing the same.

Criminality is a global experience which affects all nations economically, socially and politically. The United States has not been spared with the daily occurrence of crimes particularly in several big cities.

In the Philippines setting, crimes against person and property are usually reported crime in the national news, due to its set up that the Philippines economic status is not enough in order to satisfy the standard living of an individual. Despite of full effort to prevent crime, the Philippine National Police (PNP) does not yet attain its foremost goal to successfully implement crime prevention. The PNP adopts the crime prevention strategies of other country that does not fit to the existing problem in terms of criminality in our country. Crime prevention becomes the dilemma of the PNP organization because of their failure to prove their effectiveness and efficiency in the performance of their duty.

Since Crime Prevention is the main concern of the PNP parlance, several studies have been made in order to sustain the objective of crime prevention. This study will focus in the assessment of the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station and to look into if it is fit with the crime profile of the said town.

Finally, the result of this study would be important to the PNP organization to help them plan and organize better crime prevention strategies that are deemed necessary for the development of its own mandate. Conceptual Framework This study will revolved primarily on the effectiveness of Crime Prevention strategies of Camalaniugan Police Station which will correlates with the existing Crime Profile of the town as assessed by the Camalaniugan Police Officers and Barangay Officials of different Barangays is conceptualized from the premise that the more effective Crime Prevention Strategies is implemented, the more the objectives of Crime Prevention could be attained as manifested on their performance of their duty as a police officer The effectiveness of the Crime Prevention strategies implemented by the police officers shall mean the depth of their being knowledgeable of their duties and functions which could be manifested by their performance in terms of crime rate, numbers of crime prevention programs implemented and the level of citizens trust to the police officer when it comes to crime prevention. Moreover, the study views that the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies implemented by the law enforcement is influenced by some related variables like mobility, communication, manpower and community support. In terms of the police mobility, it is believed that patrol is the foremost duty of the police to implement crime prevention. On the communication of the police officers, it is likewise presumed that it could prevent crime by immediately reporting it to the police without interruption on the line of communication between the ordinary citizen and the police officer. Manpower is also one variable to be the basis for the

level of the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies, in the way that good manpower management can be a lead to a better control over the crime prevention programs implemented. The manpower of the police organization in every place should be enough to sustain the needs for protection of the ordinary individuals; it must be proportion to the number of the citizens in one community. The community support is indispensable element to determine the police officer capability and effectivity in performance of their duty and function. The lower the communities support the programs of the police in terms of crime prevention, the lower they trust the police organization. The determinants in the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies would be more emphasized in comparing the present police effort in preventing crime and the factors affecting it to the existing crime rate.

Input
1. Crime Profile of Camalaniugan Police Station. 2. Crime prevention strategies applied by the Camalaniugan Police Station in terms of: 2.1 Mobility 2.2 Communications 2.3 Manpower 2.4 Community Support 3. Problems encountered in crime prevention strategies relative to: 3.1 Mobility 3.2 Communications 3.3 Manpower 3.4 Community Support

Process
1. Assessing the crime profile of Camalaniugan Police Station. 2. Assessing the effectiveness of Crime Prevention Strategies of the Camalaniugan Police Station in terms of:

Output

Effectiveness on Crime Prevention Strategies

2.1 Mobility

Assessed.
2.2 Communications 2.3 Manpower 2.4 Community Support 3. Identifying problems encountered by the Feedback respondents along crime

Proposed Measures to enhance Crime Prevention Strategies.

prevention strategies. Figure 1. Paradigm showing the different variables as basis for the study.

The paradigm of the study shows the input,measures process and 4. Identifying to output of the study. The first box shows the input particularly on the be crime prevention strategies initiated in the Municipality of undertaken to further Camalaniugan, Cagayan. The second box is the process that includes the assessment of the improve crime prevention strategies.

respondents through survey result, interview, documentary analysis, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment. Finally, the last box pertains to the output of the study which will result to the formulation of Effective Strategies on Crime Prevention Measures in Camalaniugan Police Station. Statement of the Problem This study attempted to assess the crime prevention strategies initiated by the Camalaniugan Police Station as well as the extent of community participation in crime prevention. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions: 1. What is the crime profile of Camalaniugan Police Station in terms of? 1.1. Crimes Against Person 1.2. Crimes Against Property 2. How effective are the crime prevention strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station as assessed by the two (2) groups of respondents relative to: 2.1. Mobility 2.2. Communication 2.3. Manpower

2.4. Community Support 3. Is there a significant difference on the assessment of the 2 groups of respondents on the effectiveness of implementation of the crime prevention strategies dimension? 4. Is there a significant difference between the crime profile of Camalaniugan Police Station and the assessment of the 2 groups of respondents on the effectiveness of Crime Prevention Strategies as implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station? relative to the above

5. What are the problems encountered by the personnel of Camalaniugan Police Station in the implementation of crime prevention strategies in terms of: 5.1. Mobility 5.2. Communications 5.3. Manpower 5.4 Community Support 6. What measures should be undertaken to further improve crime prevention strategies?

Research Hypotheses 1. There is no significant difference on the assessment of the Camalaniugan Police Officers themselves and Barangay Offficials of every Barangay on the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies implemented in Camalaniugan. 2. There is no significant relationship between the crime profile of the town of Camalaniugan and the Crime Prevention Strategies implemented. 3. There is no significant relationship between the crime prevention strategies: a. Mobility b. Communication c. Manpower d. Community

Significance of the Study

PNP is an institution mandated by law to protect lives and property, protects civil rights of every citizen and enforce the law if necessary. This mandate provided by the law will be the basis of the police organization to make efforts in fulfilling their duty. As such, the PNP believes that crime prevention is the key to attain this objective of the organization.

This research therefore will be valuable learning experience to every individual concerned with the same study and for them also to use the result of this study as their basis to improve crime prevention strategies in the future.

To the PNP Chief

With this result of the study, it will serve as a point of reference on creating crime prevention strategies and policies that will give solution to other existing problems encountered in implementing such strategies.

This study also hopes to enhance the previous practices of the police participation in crime prevention and allow them to enrich their knowledge about crime prevention and to challenge their present strategies.

To the PNP Officials and other Personnels

It is hoped that PNP officials and other personnels will be able to assess different crime prevention strategies in order to upgrade their performance in their duty. The result will give as an insight to concerned administrators and government officials to know the kind of scheme to be established in the different concerned community.

To the Barangay Officials

This study may serve as an aide to give them knowledge in dealing of the existing crime prevention plans and to be able them to understand their role as an enforcement body in the creation and implementation of the PNP mandate in every Barangay.

To the Community as a whole

To the community members, this study will serve as a challenge to utilize all the programs implemented by the PNP which is beneficial to their life as a whole. This study also make every citizen aware in their role to participate to the success of crime prevention.

To the students

This study may serve as an instrument to awaken their consciousness in present situation of criminality in our country. It is also provided for them to become more responsible students to be aware in existing problem of our nation in maintaining peace and order.

To Future Researchers

The result of the study shall serve as a ready reference for them with whatever similar studies they shall partake. Scope and Delimitation of the Study This study will focus on the effectiveness of the crime prevention strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station in the municipality of Camalaniugan, Cagayan. The variables covered in this study include the assessment of crime profile of the town in terms of Crime Against Person and Crime Against Property, assessment of the crime prevention strategies implemented in terms of mobility, communication, manpower and community support and the problems encountered by these crime prevention strategies. This study will make use of the descriptive method of research with documentary gathering as the main data gathering instrument. The study will be conducted to the town of Camalaniugan, Cagayan especially to all Camalaniugan Police Officers and to all Barangay Officials of 21 towns. Remote towns that are not included are due to hard accessibility to its area.

Definition of Terms The following terms as used in this study are defined operationally for a clearer understanding and for common reference. Police- refers to the persons who are responsible for the peace and order in the town of Camalaniugan, Cagayan. Crime Prevention- deals with the practices of the Police in giving effort to reduce crime in order to maintain peace by creating some ways to achieve its objectives. It is the effort of the Camalaniugan Police to remove those opportunities for a potential criminal to take advantage of whoever will become the vulnerable victim. Strategies- it refers to the means made use in implementing the objectives of Crime Prevention in the town of Camalaniugan. Crime Profile- it refers to the statistics of major committed crime in the town of Camalaniugan. It shows the highest and lowest crime rate committed in the area. Mobility- it refers to the police effort in making close relation to the community by doing some foot patrol in certain area of Camalaniugan, mobile patrol during nighttime. This is use primarily to entertain immediately if an individual call for an assistance from the police. Communication- in this study, this term was use to describe the mode of transferring information of one police officer to his co-police officers. Manpower- it refers to the number of the Police Officers who are assigned in the Camalaniugan that are task in implementing those Crime Prevention Strategies.

Community Support- it refers to the level of concern of those citizens living in Camalaniugan in Crime Prevention Strategies implemented by the police in the town. It also refers to the high expectation of the community in the performance of every police officer in the town. Level of Citizens Trust- in this study, the term was used to determine if each individual of Camalaniugan believe in what the Camalaniugan Police are doing. Function- it refers to a particular purpose for which a person or this is specially fitted or used or for which a thing exists. Criminal- those who has committed crime.

CHAPTER III REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This chapter presents some of the related literature all over the world which provided the researchers with the needed direction and guide in their study especially in the format, instrument and approach.

Reality beyond crime prevention

As with the rest of life, crime prevention can be seen to be both disarmingly simple and bewilderingly complex. The disarmingly simple side relates to the prosaic, obvious, everyday, commonsense measures that are routinely and widely taken to minimize threats of victimization. The bewilderingly complex side relates to the definition and prioritization of crime for preventive attention; the prediction of future crime problems; the choice between differing means of control; the language used to discuss and describe prevention; the measurement of crime patterns and of the intended and unintended consequences of preventive interventions; and estimating the costs and benefits of different methods of crime prevention. (Tilley, Nick 2005) Development of Crime Prevention Strategies Crime prevention has entered a new, more robust phase of research activity and holds greater relevance to policy and practice today than ever before. It stands as an important component of an overall strategy to reduce crime. These achievements are not just the cumulative effect of years of a slow, sometimes less than steady progress of a social movement; other developments figure more prominently. Perhaps most important is the recent movement toward rational and evidence-based crime policy. This has brought greater attention to the need for higher quality

program evaluations as well as the need for more rigorous, systematic methods to synthesize the research evidence and examine policy implications. Related to this development is the growing evidence base of scientific knowledge on the effectiveness of a wide range of developmental and situational crime prevention modalities. Also of importance to crime preventions standing is the widely held view of the need to strike a greater balance between prevention and punishment. This has become more urgent in recent years as many states across the country are faced with budget crises, compounded by years of punitive crime policies. Developmental and situational crime prevention seem well poised to help change this state of affairs and make a major contribution to crime reduction in this country (Welsh, Farrington, 2010) Crime Prevention has been described as any initiative or policy which reduces, avoids or eliminates victimization by crime or violence. It includes governmental and non-governmental initiatives to reduce fear of crime as well as lessen the impact of crime on victims (Institute for the Prevention of Crime, 2010). Crime prevention encompasses a broad array of approaches, including: 1. Developmental Crime Prevention (also referred to as Social Prevention). Measures subsumed within this approach promote the well-being of people and encourage pro-social behavior through social, economic, health and educational measures, with a particular emphasis on children and youth. The goal is to intervene early in the lives of at-risk individuals and groups so as to forestall the development of crime and other behavioral problems later on (Homel, 2005). The focus is on risk and protective factors associated with criminal behavior, including personality factors, parental, peer, and school-related factors.

2. Community or Locally-Based Crime Prevention. This approach tackles the neighborhood conditions that influence offending and insecurity by drawing on the commitment and resources of community members. These efforts can range from organizing neighborhood watch programs to neighborhood revitalization efforts (e.g., Weed and Seed) and comprehensive programs that seek to improve a neighborhoods cohesion and image (Schlo ssman et al.,. 1984). 3. Situational Crime Prevention. This approach seeks to prevent the occurrence of crimes by reducing opportunities for crime, increasing the risks of being apprehended, raising the level of effort required to commit crimes, and minimizing the benefits from crime. Included here are such measures as target hardening, access control, surveillance, and prevention through environmental design (Clarke, 1997). Situational crime prevention can be undertaken by members of the public, businesses, schools, and other facilities. It can be facilitated through a detailed analysis of a specific crime to determine the vulnerabilities of a specific target or site toward the end of developing customized countermeasures.

4. Crime Prevention Through the Justice System. Crime prevention measures may also originate from the justice system. Targeted law enforcement strategies may focus on specific crimes or on crime hot spots. Legal sanctions may have a deterrent effect and incarceration may exercise an incapacitation effect by removing offenders from society. In addition, interventions in custodial and community settings may be designed to change offender behavior and thereby prevent recidivism. (Prevention Programs: A Literature Review,Thomas Gabor Ph.D.,2011,pp3-5)

Strategies and Best Practices in Crime Prevention particular in relation to Urban Areas at risk With the growth of crime prevention practice internationally has come a range of associated concerns and problems: about the appropriateness of interventions, the difficulties of evaluating their effectiveness, of the capacities of local actors to implement good programmes, about the difficulties of sustaining interventions beyond their initial pilot phase, or scaling up to city-wide or country-wide applications, and about the difficulties of sustaining interventions after changes of personnel or government. 'What works' in crime prevention does not depend solely on having well-designed programmes. Much depends on the capacity of the actors in the field to establish the conditions for implementing programmes well, and to manage the 'process'. It also depends on policy makers understanding the need for longer-term investment and planning, and not focusing only on short-term results. Ensuring that strategies are maintained, well monitored and sustained beyond the life of a government is a further challenge.

THE PHILIPPINE STRATEGY AND BEST PRACTICE FOR CRIME PREVENTION:COMMUNITY-ORIENTED POLICING Just like other developing countries throughout the world, the Philippines lacks the resources and capacity to readily put into effect the international guidelines and agreements on crime prevention. However, this constraint did not prevent us from finding ways and means to effectively implement them in our country. It is for this reason that we have resolutely crafted and evolved appropriate strategies and best practices for crime prevention which are assimilated to our situation and historical experiences. Having overthrown a well-entrenched dictatorship, and restored democracy in our country through a bloodless people power revolution in 1986, we are fully cognizant of the insuperable force of people power and appreciate its great benefits to

our country. Capitalizing on this historical experience, what we lack in resources and capacity is being addressed and made up for through people power. Hence, the Philippine strategy and best practice for crime prevention that I will be presenting today is not only community-based, but also people-powered, and is known as the Community-Oriented Policing System, or COPS for short. The outline and sequence of my presentation is as follows: COPS: Strategy, COPS: Best Practice, and Concluding Perspective. COPS: Strategy Opening Perspective COPS is primarily a national police strategy for crime prevention, based on the implementation of the proposed holistic National Anti-Crime Strategy (NACS), which came about as an offshoot of the Philippine participation in the 1991 UN Ministerial Conference on Crime Prevention. The Philippine National Police officially adopted and started implementing COPS as a flagship programme on August 15, 1994. It is significant to note that the holistic NACS was finally adopted in the National Crime Prevention Programme, which was approved by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on February 2, 2004. Basic Principles/Foundations Aside from the NACS, the basic principles that serve as COPS foundations are the following: 1. Interdependence of Peace and Development As aptly stated in the UN Milan Plan of Action in 1985: The problem of crime demands a concerted response () to reduce opportunities for the commission of crimes and to address relevant socio-economic factors, such as poverty, inequality and unemployment.

2. Shared Responsibility for Policing As prescribed by Robert Peel: The police are the public and the public are the police; police officers are only members of the public who are paid to give full time attention to the duties which are incumbent on every citizen in the interest of the community welfare. 3. Indispensability of People Power in Crime Fighting The greatest source of power with which to wage war against criminality, insurgency, terrorism, and other threats to peace and order lies among the people. ( Montreal, 2007) The effectiveness of visible police patrol Research into public expectations of policing in the UK has previously highlighted a strong preference for a highly visible police presence. However, when these views were explored in more detail, it was discovered that peoples seemingly instinctive reaction to call for more bobbies on the beat was motivated by a desire to see crime reduced. The study also suggested that the police can help ensure the public accept and support the targeting of resources in high priority areas by engaging them in a dialogue. (Myhill, 2006) COMMUNITY POLICING AND COMMUNICATION It is beneficial to make the training of police officers as experiential, interactive and participatory as possible. For example, a fair amount of law enforcement training could include simulation exercises and problem-solving activities that help develop communication and language skills. A key element of success within any of the community oriented policing methods is effective communication. Minimal education related to effective communication skills and strategies has been provided to police officers. (Yardley, 2013)

Context Matters When Considering Staffing Analysis When asked to provide department-specific contexts for their staffing experiences, respondents listed circumstances that were remarkably similar across agencies. Budget constraints were important to almost all respondents. Respondents from more than half the agencies in our sample stated that their relationships with state or local governments were strained because of the recent recession and subsequent budget negotiations. Such strains, they added, have actually led agencies of varying size to share knowledge and strategy. Professional organizations help provide connections for sharing strategies. The perceived unique context of each jurisdiction is both a disadvantage and a potential benefit for staffing analyses. Because they feel their environments are unique, some practitioners feel that inter-departmental comparisons yield few tangible solutions to problems that they have faced independently over long periods of time. Respondents from three agencies expressed a desire to conduct analyses, but were reluctant to use peer comparisons because of the perception that no other agency has a similar operational environment. One respondent said that although were always looking at what others are doing, specific organizational issues not shared by others make such comparisons meaningless. Such an attitude may isolate agencies prof essionally. As one chief commented, Were not in competition with each other, and all our problems are basically the same. Using peer comparisons in budget negotiations may counter or confirm perceptions that an agencys struggle is common or unique, allowing for informal and casual comparisons upon which many professional relationships are based. Peer benchmarking can also help mitigate insular thinking and the potential belief that the agencies and communities are more different than they truly are. In fact, as discussed throughout this guidebook, agencies share a lot of common characteristics and experiences.

Community Policing and Problem-Solving Efforts Are Being Compromised Perceived understaffing may undercut community policing and similar problem-solving efforts. Many agencies disclosed that the relationship between staffing and community policing efforts may not be linear. Problem-solving may be structurally integrated in community-oriented approaches to patrol, response, follow-up, and organizational transparency. Nevertheless, both specialized units (often in the form of school, housing, or business-related outreach programs) and proactive patrol efforts are compromised because of restrictions in uncommitted officer time arising from budget cutbacks. (Wilson, Weiss, 2012) Building Police-Community Relationships The relationship of the police to the community should be harmonious. The community relies upon the police department to protect and serve and the police, in return, rely upon community support and cooperation in order to be effective. When communication and trust deteriorate, tensions build between the community and police and undermine their shared goal of safer communities. Poor communication between the police and communities served was the problem listed most frequently, in a variety of ways, by police and community members surveyed. When asked what the main problems are when it comes to police-community relations, police leaders listed language barriers, connecting with the community, and lack of meaningful communication on both sides and lack of understanding of police practices as obstacles to better relations. This list is similar to the one provided by community members, who listed lack of communication, language barriers, and lack of relationships as barriers to getting along with the police.

Communication is an active, not passive, process. It is not merely the provision of information or demands to another, rather it is a process of engagement, of listening, of seeking out and understanding what the other is trying to express. Where communities and police departments are communicating successfully with each other, how are they doing it? What are specific cities doing, either successfully or not so successfully? Are formal communications plans (at least between police leaders and the community) the way to go? What process should be instituted that would allow one group to understand the other so that trust might flourish?

In this section, we will discuss strategies that police can use in reaching out to communities. Such strategies include: incorporating accountability and transparency; creating opportunities for educational exchanges such as citizens police academies; establishing regular neighborhood meetings and maintaining communication and follow-up between these meetings; and organizing forums to discuss policies, tactics, or technology of interest to community. We will also examine the strategies used by the communities to reach out to and educate the police about the community, such as maintaining communication and follow up between neighborhood meetings, canvassing for volunteers and establishing an active roster, and raising awareness of neighborhood meetings.(West,2001)

Chapter III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the methodology used in the study. It includes a description of the method of research used, the locale of study, respondents and sampling procedure, instrument used and the statistical analysis of data. Research Design This study utilized the descriptive-correlational method of research. This method attempts to assess the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station. In this study, it will describe the effectiveness of the crime prevention strategies of Camalaniugan Police Station in terms of mobility, communication, manpower and community support and the problems encountered in implementing the same and will evaluated and analyze. Locale of the Study This research study will be conducted in the municipality of Camalaniugan, Cagayan. PNP members and Barangay Officials from 5 Barangays of Camalaniugan that are specifically selected as a respondents of this study. Those Barangays that are not included is due to the difficult accessibility on those remote areas. Respondents and Sampling Procedure There were one hundred sixty seven (167) respondents of this study consisting of twenty (20) Camalaniugan PNP Officer and one hundred forty seven (147) Barangay officials from

twenty one (21) Barangays of Camalaniugan, Cagayan. The devolved person were taken on the basis of specific sampling. However, purposive sampling was utilized in the selection of the program implementers. Table 1 below shows the respondents of the study. Table1. Respondents of the Study Respondents PNP members Barangay Officials Number of Respondents 20 35

Research Instrument A structured questionnaire was prepared as the principal data gathering tool. The questionnaire consisted of 2 parts: the assessment of effectiveness of Crime Prevention Strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station in terms of mobility, communication, manpower, community support, the assessment of the problems encountered in Crime Prevention Strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station in terms of mobility, communication, manpower, community support. The question items were prepared in English but during interview, the questions were translated in Filipino whenever necessary. Document analysis was also resorted to particularly on date on crime profile of the Camalaniugan, Cagayan. After all the respondents were interviewed and necessary data were gathered, the data was edited, coded and tabulated. Gathering of Data

The researcher will ask permission from the Chief of Police and to the Barangay Officials by giving them Letter of Permission signed by the Dean of the researchers. Such letter will be carried by the researchers and discussed to the chief of police. After the proper permission was observed from the authorities concerned, the researcher will float questionnaires personally to the respondents during their working hours in order to ensure a very good retrieval of the results. To look into the crime profile of the Camalaniugan, Cagayan, the researcher will look for the record files of the Camalaniugan Police Station.

Analysis of Data The data gathered will be tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. Frequency counts, clear percentage distribution in treating the profile of the respondents. Weighted mean will be used to determine the effectiveness of Crime Prevention Strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station as assessed by PNP members themselves and Barangay Officials.

QUESTIONNAIRE

Dear Respondents:

Greetings!

The undersigned, a student of the College of Criminal Justice and Administration of Cagayan State University- Aparri is presently conducting his study entitled Effectiveness of Crime Prevention Strategies Implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station.

Below are some questions that need your honest response which will be very useful in attaining the objectives of the study. Rest assured that all your answers in this questionnaire will be treated in strict confidentiality.

Thank you very much.

BRIGIDO G. GUMARANG II Researcher

JAYMAR REOLIQUIO Researcher

Name (optional) _______________________________________________________

Part I. Effectiveness of Crime Prevention Strategies as Implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station

Directions: Please indicate you assessment on the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station using the scale below. Simply put a check mark on the column which commensurate to your responses. Numerical Value ` 5 4 3 2 1 1. Mobility ITEMS 1. Utilizes mobile cars in responding to incidents/ police assistance. 2. Conducts patrol using patrol/ mobile cars/ motorcycles in crime prone and far flung areas. 3. Uses Public Utility Land Vehicles not exclusively utilized for the purpose. 4. Utilizes mobile patrol with official markings/ drivers for crime responses. 5. Responds more quickly to police assistance using patrol/ mobile cars. 2. Communication 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ITEMS Provides radio communication equipment and cell phone to duty/ dispatch personnel.. Patrols in crime prone areas with radio communication and call phone issue. Dispatches police personnel for assistance equipped with radio communication and cell phone. Responds to police assistance through radio, telephone and cell phone. Utilizes radio, cell phone and telephone as a means of communication during police assistance. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Mean Range 4.20- 5.00 3.40- 4.19 2.60- 3.39 1.80- 2.59 1.00- 1.79 Descriptive Scale Very Effective (VE) Effective (E) Moderately (ME) Less Effective (LE) Not Effective (NE)

3. Manpower ITEMS 1. Conducts patrol led by Police Commission Officer. 2. Details PNP personnel in all Barangay especially in crime prone areas in proper uniform while on duty. 1 2 3 4 5

3. Observes buddy- buddy system especially at night time while on dispatch. 4. Employs seven (7) team members during dispatch. 5. Employs stand- reaction team for quick police dispatch. 4. Community Support ITEMS 1. Patrols crime prone areas together with force multipliers. 2. Encourage community participation in information gathering on crimes reported. 3. Respond immediately to reported crimes with the assistance of the community members. 4. Conducts information gathering and intelligence through trained assets from the community. 5. Enjoins the community to act as witnesses in filling cases against suspect/s. 1 2 3 4 5

Part II. Problems encountered in the Effectiveness of Crime Prevention Strategies as implemented by the Camalaniugan Police Station Directions: Please indicate your assessment on the problems encountered in the implementation of the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies of Camalaniugan Police Station using the scale below. Simply put a check mark on the column which commensurate to your responses. Numerical Value ` 5 4 3 2 1 Mean Range 4.20- 5.00 3.40- 4.19 2.60- 3.39 1.80- 2.59 1.00- 1.79 Descriptive Scale Very Serious (VS) Serious (S) Moderately Serious (MS) Less Serious (LS) Not a Problem (NP)

1. Mobility 1. 2. ITEMS Limited mobile cars for immediate dispatch to conduct police assistance. Inadequate (Petroleum Oil Lubricants) POL allowance from the MOOE to conduct patrol in the community to suppress crime occurrence in the barangays of Camalaniugan, Cagayan Lack of fund for maintenance of patrol cars and motor vehicles of the Camalaniugan PS Limited support of LGU in line with the mobility/ MOOE capability. 1 2 3 4 5

3. 4.

5. Utilizes personal vehicles/ motorcycle of the duty PNP personnel in responding to police assistance. 2. Communication 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ITEMS Handheld radios are issued only to team leaders in designated sectors, stations and substations. The Camalaniugan Police Station communication equipment is not upgraded. Lack of communication lines of the police to the community. No communication gadgets provided to the force multipliers for easy access of information to the community. Communication linkages is a problem of the Camalaniugan Police and force multipliers due to insufficient fund support for the purpose from LGU. 1 2 3 4 5

3. Manpower 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ITEMS Inadequate PCO personnel to act as team leaders to conduct patrol in crime prone areas. Absence of Police in the Barangay to conduct patrol in the community. PNP personnel are dispatch without back- up. The Camalaniugan PS patrol team is led by Police NonCommission Officer (PNCO). Back-up/ reaction teams on standby are randomly selected from personnel performing administrative function. 1 2 3 4 5

4. Community Support 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ITEMS Lack of participation of the community as witnesses due to vengeance from the offenders. Lack of meeting with Barangay Officials in the conduct of information gathering activities in the Barangay. Inadequate presence of police in crime prone areas. Unawareness of the community pertaining to the crime prevention program of Camalaniugan Police Station. Low confidence of the community or negative perception to the men- in- uniform or to the police as their protectors. 1 2 3 4 5