Mathematics Formula (E-Maths)

Symbols used: - pi r - radius l - slanted height h - height

Area and Perimeter

Area of a square - Length Area of a triangle !

Length

Length Height

Area of a rectangle - Length "readth Area of a parallelogram - Length Height Area of a rhombus - Length Length Area of a trapezium !

(Sum o# $arallel lines) Height

Area of a circle - r% Circumference of a circle - r Curved surface area of a cylinder - rh Surface area of a cylinder - r% & rh Curved surface area of a cone - rl Surface area of a sphere - 'r%

(olume

Volume of a cube - Length Length Length Volume of a cuboid - Length "readth Height Volume of a cylinder - r%h Volume of a pyramid Volume of a cone ! Area o# "ase Height ) ! r 2 l )

Volume of a prism - Sur#ace area o# the base

' 3 Volume of a sphere - r )

Height

Algebra

( a + b ) = a + ab + b ( a + b ) = a ab+ b ( a + b )( a b ) = a b ( a + b )( c + d ) = ac + ad + bc + bd

*uadratic E+uations Formula

ax% & bx + c , -:
b b ' ac a

Pythagoras .heorem
This formula only applies to right-angled triangle.

a% + b% = c% here c is the hypotenuse.

/ndices
a m a n = a m +n am = a m n # "here a !. an
m n

(a )

= a mn
m m

.ero indices - a 0 = ! , "here a !. ! -egative indices - a - n = n # "here a !. a ,ractional indices# "here a > - and n is a positive integer :
! m

a m b m = ( a b )

an =n a

an =

( a)
n

am a = # "here b !. bm b

0oordinate 1eometry
$radient of a line y y! x x !

%ength of a line - ( x x! ) + ( y y! ) &quation of a line - y = mx + c

Standard 2e3iation
'ngrouped data:
s= )x x2 n
(

$rouped data# frequency distribution:

s= ) fx ( x2 f

Polygon

Sum of all the angles in a n-sided polygon - !4- (n 5 ) !4- ( n ) &ach angles of a n-sided regular polygon n

S$eed
Speed = *istance Time

2ensity
*ensity = +ass Volume

.rigonometry

Sine /ule

a b c sin A sin B sinC = = = = or sin A sinB sinC a b c ! ! !

Area of triangle formula:

= = = ab sinC bc sin A ac sinB

Cosine /ule
a = b + c bc cos A b = a + c ac cos B c = a + b ab cosC

0ongruency and Similarity

0f the t"o triangles belo" are similar# 0f the t"o solids belo" are similar#

Area of 423/ 23 = Area of 4A1C A1

Volume of A h6 = Volume of 1 h(

Arc6 Sector and Segment

! r r sin Area of segment r Arc length in *egree )7 )7- r Area of sector in *egree )7-

Converting degree to radian

Converting radian to degree

- +ultiply the angle in degree by Arc length in /adian - r Area of sector in /adian ! r

. !4-

- +ultiply the angle in radian by

!4- .

Matrices
The matrices belo" must be in the same order.
a b $ + a + $ b + + c d + = r s c +r d +s a b $ + a $ b + c d = r s c r d s

Scalar Multi$lication
a 8 d b e c 8a = # 8d 8b 8e 8c 8#

Multi$lication The number of columns in the first matri7 must be equal to the ro"s of the second matri7.
a c b $ d r + a$ + br = s c$ + dr a+ + bs c+ + ds

(ectors in .9o 2imensions

Addition of Vector 0f u# v and w are vectors# then Addition 6. u + v = v + u# 8commutative la"9 (. 8u + v9 : w = u + 8v + w9. 8associative la"9 Subtraction u v = u + 8-v9 a : 8-a9 ; ! for any vector a. Scalar +ultiplication 0f u and v are vectors# and m and n are real numbers# then 6. m8nu9 ; n8mu9 ; 8mn9u< (. 8m + n9u ; mu + nu< 5. m8u + v9 ; mu + mv. 2osition Vectors

Vectors on Coordinate 2lates

x The magnitude of a column vector y =

x +y .

x6 x ( x6 + x( y + = 6 y ( y6 + y ( x6 x( x6 x ( y = 6 y( y6 y(
x kx k y = # "here k is a scalar. ky

1eometrical Pro$erties o# 0ircles

A+ ; 1+ &qual chords# A1 and => A1 ; =># ?+ ; ?-

Tangent is perpendicular T"o tangents. :PA = :P" # A:P = ":P . to the centre.

The angle at the centre of a circle O is t"ice the angle at the circumference:

Angle in a semicircle. A21 =@!

Angles in the same Angles in opposite segments are segments. supplementary. A1C + A*C =6A! A21 = A/1
1A* + 1C* =6A!