Packet Switching and Circuit Switching

Switching is .. There are 3 methods of switching, the Circuit Switching, Packet Switching and Message Switching. CIRCUIT SWITC I!"#

S%ace$di&ision Switching ' ' ' (e&e)o%ed for ana)og en&ironment *ach sam%)e takes a different %ath though the switch, de%ending on its destination Cross+ar switch o !um+er of cross %oints grows as s,uare of num+er of stations o -oss of cross %oint %re&ents connection o Inefficient use of cross %oints .)) stations connected, on)/ a few cross %oints in use

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Time$di&ision Switching ' Modern digita) s/stems re)/ on inte))igent contro) of s%ace and time di&ision e)ements

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Use digita) time di&ision techni,ues to set u% and maintain &irtua) circuits Partition )ow s%eed +it stream into %ieces that share higher s%eed stream Time di&ision switching interchanges sam%)e %osition within a frame# time s)ot interchange 0TSI1

P.C2*T SWITC I!"#

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Station +reaks )ong message into %ackets Packets sent one at a time to the network Packets hand)ed in two wa/s 3 (atagram a%%roach ' ' ' ' ' *ach %acket treated inde%endent)/ Packets can take an/ %ractica) route Packets ma/ arri&e out of order Packets ma/ go missing U% to recei&er to re$order %ackets and reco&er from missing %ackets

3 4irtua) circuit a%%roach

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Pre%)anned route esta+)ished +efore an/ %ackets sent Ca)) re,uest and ca)) acce%t %ackets esta+)ish connection 0handshake1 *ach %acket contains a &irtua) circuit identifier instead of destination address !o routing decisions re,uired for each %acket C)ear re,uest to dro% circuit !ot a dedicated %ath

.d&antages# ' -ine efficienc/ 3 Sing)e node to node )ink can +e shared +/ man/ %ackets o&er time 3 Packets ,ueued and transmitted as fast as %ossi+)e ' (ata rate con&ersion 3 *ach station connects to the )oca) node at its own s%eed 3 !odes +uffer data if re,uired to e,ua)i5e rates ' Packets are acce%ted e&en when network is +us/ 3 (e)i&er/ ma/ s)ow down ' Priorities can +e used

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Packet Switching In data communications, we need to send messages from one end s/stem to another. If the message is going to %ass through a %acket$switched network, it needs to +e di&ided into %ackets of fi7ed or &aria+)e si5e. The si5e of the %acket is determined +/ the network and the go&erning %rotoco). In %acket switching, there is no resource a))ocation for a %acket. This means that

there is no reser&ed +andwidth on the )inks, and there is no schedu)ed %rocessing time for each %acket. Resources are a))ocated on demand. The a))ocation is done on a first come, first$ ser&ed +asis. When a switch recei&es a %acket, no matter what is the source or destination, the %acket must wait if there are other %ackets +eing %rocessed. .s with other s/stems in our dai)/ )ife, this )ack of reser&ation ma/ create de)a/. 6or e7am%)e, if we do not ha&e a reser&ation at a restaurant, we might ha&e to wait.