SULIT 4541/1 Chemistry Kertas 1 2010 1 jam

PEPERIKSAAN OTI 1 SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2011 TINGKATAN 5 PANITIA KIMIA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN KUALA PERLIS 02000 KUALA PERLIS,PERLIS
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CHEMISTRY
Kertas 1
Satu jam dan lima belas minit __________________________________________________________________________________ JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa 2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu 3. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 32 halaman bercetak Disediakan oleh: Jaaizah bt Jaafar ..................................................................................... Guru Mata pelajaran Disemak oleh: Lim Kuok Chen ........................................................................................ Ketua Panitia kimia

1. Diagram 1 shows the set-up of the apparatus for electrolysis. Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam proses elektrolisis.

Diagram 1 Rajah 1 Which of the following compounds could be used as an electrolyte? Antara sebatian berikut yang manakah boleh digunakan sebagai elektrolit? A. Ethanol Etanol B. Kerosene Kerosin C. Ethyl ethanoate Etil etanoat D. Ethanoic acid Asid etanoik

2. Which of the following statements is true about bases? Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah benar tentang bes? A. React with acids Bertindak balas dengan asid B. Dissolve in water Larut dalam air C. Contain hydroxide ions Mengandungi ion-ion hidroksida D. Have alkaline properties Mempunyai sifat alkali

3. Diagram 2 shows the set-up of the apparatus of an experiment. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen.

Lead(II) nitrate solution

Diagram 2 Rajah 2 What is the process shown in Diagram 2? Apakah proses yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2? A. Preparation of insoluble salt Penyediaan garam tak terlarutkan B. Preparation of soluble salt Penyediaan garam terlarutkan C. Purification of insoluble salt Penulenan garam tak terlarutkan D. Purification of soluble salt Penulenan garam terlarutkan

4. Which of the following ions form a white precipitate that dissolves in excess sodium hydroxide solution? Antara ion-ion berikut yang manakah membentuk mendakan putih yang larut dalam larutan natrium hdroksida berlebihan? I. II. III. IV. Al 3 Mg 2 Pb 2 Zn 2

A. I and II only I dan II sahaja B. II and IV only II dan IV sahaja C. I, II and III only I,II dan III sahaja D. I, III and IV only I, III dan IV sahaja 5. Which of the following shows the arrangement of atoms in an alloy? Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan susunan atom dalam suatu aloi?

6. The flow chart shows the stages in the production of sulphuric acid using the Contact process. Carta alir menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat dalam pembuatan asid sulfurik menggunakan proses Sentuh. Sulphur Sulphur Concentrated Substance dioxide O2 trioxide sulphuric acid Oleum X Sulfur Sulfur Asid sulfurik Oleum Bahan dioksida trioksida pekat X What is substance X? Apakah bahan X? Sulphur O2 Sulfur A. Water Air B. Sulphur Sulfur C. Oxygen Oksigen D. Sulphur dioxide Sulfur dioksida Sulphuric acid Asid Sulfurik

7.

Diagram 3 shows the effect of a weight that is dropped onto a composite substance and its original component. Rajah 3 menunjukkan kesan satu beban yang dijatuhkan ke atas bahan komposit dan komponen asalnya.

Diagram 3 Rajah 3 What is the characteristic of the composite substance? Apakah sifat yang dimiliki oleh bahan komposit itu? A. Strong and hard Kuat dan keras B. Strong and elastic Kuat dan Kenyal C. Hard and ductile Keras dan mulur D. Elastic and ductile Kenyal dan mulur

8. Diagram 4 shows porcelain pots. Rajah 4 menunjukkan pasu porselin.

Diagram 4 Rajah 4 What is the substance and the major component used in the making of porcelain pots? Apakah bahan dan komponen utama untuk membuat pasu porselin? Substance Bahan Glass Kaca Ceramic Seramik Polymer Polimer Alloy Aloi Major component Komponen utama Cupronickel Kupronikel Aluminium silicate Aluminium silikat Silicon dioxide Silikon dioksida Iron(II) oxide Ferum (II) oksida

A B C D

9. Which of the following explains the meaning of effective collision? Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah menjelaskan maksud perlanggaran berkesan? A. The collision where its energy is less than the activation energy Perlanggaran yang tenaganya kurang daripada tenaga pengaktifan B. The collision that has a low energy Perlanggaran yang berlaku mempunyai tenaga yang rendah C. The collision which takes place before a reaction Perlanggaran yang berlaku sebelum sesuatu tindak balas D. The collision that causes a reaction Perlanggaran yang menghasilkan tindak balas

10

Which of the following reactions absorbs heat from the surroundings?

Antara tindak balas berikut, yang manakah menyerap haba daripada persekitaran?

A B C D 11

Adding zinc to nitric acid

Menambahkan zink pada asid nitrik

Dissolving ammonium nitrate in water

Melarutkan ammonium nitrat dalam air

Dissolving copper(II) sulphate in water

Melarutkan kuprum(II) sulfat dalam air

Adding sodium hydroxide solution to sulfuric acid

Menambahkan larutan natrium hidroksida pada asid sulfurik

Which of the following is a fast reaction?

Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan tindak balas yang cepat?

A B C D

Rusting
Pengaratan

Precipitation
Pemendakan

Fermentation
Penapaian

Photosynthesis
Fotosintesis

12

Which of the following is an insoluble salt?

Antara yang berikut, manakah merupakan garam tak larut?

A B C D

Calcium nitrate
Kalsium nitrat

Potassium nitrate
Kalium nitrat

Calcium carbonate
Kalsium karbonat

Potassium carbonate
Kalium karbonat

13

Which of the following mixtures of elements form alloy to make the twenty cents coins?
Antara campuran unsur yang membentuk aloi berikut, manakah boleh dibuat duit syiling dua puluh sen?

A B C D

Iron and carbon

Ferum dan karbon

Copper and nickel

Kuprum dan nikel

Stanum and copper

Timah dan kuprum

Aluminium and copper

Aluminium dan kuprum

14

The diagram shows the set up of the apparatus for the electrolysis of copper(II) nitrate solution.
Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi elektrolisis larutan kuprum(II) nitrat.

Which of the following is produced at copper electrode X?

Antara berikut, yang manakah dihasilkan di elektrod kuprum X?

A B C D

Copper
Kuprum

Oxygen
Oksigen

Hydrogen ions
Ion hidrogen

Copper(II) ion
Ion kuprum(II)

15

The diagram shows the set up of the apparatus of a simple chemical cell.
Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi sel kimia ringkas.

Which of the following is metal X?

Antara berikut, yang manakah logam X?

A B C D 16

Zinc
Zink

Lead
Plumbum

Magnesium
Magnesium

Aluminium
Aluminium

Zinc chloride solution and aluminium chloride solution are colourless solutions. Which of the following can be used to differentiate the solutions?
Larutan zink klorida dan larutan aluminium klorida adalah larutan tidak berwarna. Antara berikut, yang manakah boleh digunakan untuk membezakan larutan-larutan tersebut?

A B C D

Ammonia solution
Larutan ammonia

Barium nitrate solution

Larutan barium nitrat

Silver nitrate solution

Larutan argentum nitrat

Sodium hydroxide solution

Larutan natrium hidroksida

17 The diagram shows four stages in the conversion of sulphur to sulphuric acid.
Rajah menunjukkan empat peringkat dalam pertukaran sulfur kepada asid sulfurik.

Stage I

Stage II

Sulphur Sulfur

Peringkat I

Sulphur dioxide Sulfur dioksida

Peringkat II

Sulphur trioxide Sulfur trioksida

Air Udara Sulphuric acid Asid sulfuric Peringkat IV

Stage III

Air

Sulphuric acid Asid sulfurik

Stage IV Udara

Peringkat III

Oleum
Oleum

In which stage is a catalyst used?

Diperingkat manakah mangkin digunakan?

Water Air

A B C D

Stage I
Peringkat I

Stage II
Peringkat II

Stage III
Peringkat III

Stage IV
Peringkat IV

18

Which of the following polymer is suitable for making water pipes?

Antara polimer berikut, yang manakah sesuai bagi membuat paip air?

19

The diagram shows an energy profile for a reaction which is represented by the following equation:
Rajah menunjukkan profil tenaga bagi tindak balas yang diwakili oleh persamaan berikut:

R+S
Energy Tenaga

P+Q

R+S
y kJ

x kJ

P+Q

What is the activation energy for this reaction?

Apakah tenaga pengaktifan bagi tindak balas ini?

y kJ

x kJ (y x) kJ (x y) kJ

20

The diagram shows the energy level diagram for the decomposition of calcium carbonate.
Rajah menunjukkan gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi penguraian kalsium karbonat.

Energy Tenaga

CaO(s) + CO2(g)

H = + y kJmol-1 CaCO3 (s)

Based on the energy level diagram, which of the following is true?

Berdasarkan gambar rajah aras tenaga, manakah betul?

A B C D

The reaction is exothermic

Tindak balas adalah eksotermik

The heat energy released is y kJ

Tenaga haba yang dibebaskan ialah y kJ

CaO(s) and CO2(g) contain more energy than the CaCO3(s)

Kandungan tenaga CaO(s) and CO2(g) lebih daripada kandungan tenaga CaCO3(s)

Heat absorbed during the breaking of bond in CaCO3 is less than the heat released during the formation of bond.
Haba yang diserap semasa pemecahan ikatan dalam CaCO3 adalah rendah daripada haba yang dibebaskan semasa pembentukan ikatan

21

Which of the following chemicals when dissolved in water will reduce the temperature?
Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah menurunkan suhu apabila dilarutkan dalam air?

A B C D 22

Sodium oxide
Natrium oksida

Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrat

Copper(II) sulphate
Kuprum(II) sulfat

Potassium hydroxide
Kalium hidroksida

The diagram shows four simple chemical cells. In each cell zinc is used as one of the electrodes.
Rajah menunjukkan empat sel kimia ringkas. Dalam setiap sel, zink dijadikan salah satu elektrod.

In which cell does zinc act as the positive terminal?

Di sel manakah zink bertindak sebagai terminal positif?

A B C D

Cell S
Sel S

Cell R
Sel R

Cell P
Sel P

Cell Q
Sel Q

23

The table shows information about three simple chemical cells.

Jadual menunjukkan maklumat tentang tiga sel kimia ringkas

Pair of metals
Pasangan logam

Potential difference/V
Beza upaya/V

Metal of negative terminal

Logam terminal negatif

P and copper
P dan kuprum

0.45 1.30 0.56

P Q Cu

Q and copper
Q dan kuprum

R and copper
R dan kuprum

Based on the information in the table, what is the potential difference of the pair of metals Q and R?
Berdasarkan maklumat dalam jadual, apakah beza upaya antara pasangan logam Q dan R?

A B C D

0.74 0.85 1.01 1.86

24

A farmer discovered that his vegetables were not growing well because the soil was acidic. Which of the following substances can be used to overcome the problem?
Seorang petani mendapati sayurannya tidak tumbuh subur kerana tanahnya berasid. Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut?

A B C D

Zinc oxide
Zink oksida

Calcium oxide
Kalsium oksida

Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hidroksida

Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium hidroksida

25

The table shows the volume of oxygen gas released for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
Jadual menunjukkan isipadu gas oksigen yang dibebaskan bagi penguraian hidrogen peroksida.

Time (s) Volume of oxygen (cm3)

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

0.0

6.6

12.5

17.9

23.0

27.8

31.8

35.2

What is the average rate of reaction in the third minutes?

Berapakah kadar tindak balas purata pada minit ke tiga?

A B C D

0.11 cm3s-1 0.13 cm3s-1 0.15 cm3s-1 0.18 cm3s-1

26

In an experiment, the reaction between 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid with excess zinc produces hydrogen gas. The graph of the volume of hydrogen gas against time is sketched. A curve T is obtained.
Dalam satu eksperimen, tindak balas antara 25 cm asid nitrik 0.1 mol dm dengan zink berlebihan menghasilkan gas hidrogen. Graf isipadu gas hidrogen melawan masa dilakarkan. Lengkung T diperolehi.
3 -3

Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3 Isipadu gas hidrogen/cm3

U T

Time/second Masa/saat If the experiment is repeated using another solution, which solution will produce curve U?
Sekiranya eksperimen diulang dengan menggunakan larutan lain, larutan manakah yang akan menghasilkan lengkung U?

A B C D

25 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 nitric acid

25 cm larutan asid nitrik 0.2 mol dm
3

-3

30 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid

30 cm larutan asid nitrik 0.1 mol dm
3

-3

50 cm3 of 0.05 mol dm-3 nitric acid

3

50 cm larutan asid nitrik 0.05 mol dm

-3

100 cm3 of 0.05 mol dm-3 nitric acid

100 cm larutan asid nitrik 0.05 mol dm
3

-3

27

The diagram shows the set-up of the apparatus to determine the heat of precipitation of silver chloride.
Rajah menunjukkan gambar rajah susunan radas untuk menentukan haba pemendakan bagi argentum klorida.

Thermometer Polystyrene cup 28.0oC Termometer Cawan Polistirena 28.0oC

+
50 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 of sodium chloride solution 25 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 of silver nitrate solution 25 cm3 larutan argentum nitrat 1.0 moldm-3 Stir Kacau 31.0oC 50 cm3 larutan natrium klorida 1.0 moldm-3 Thermometer Termometer Mixture of the solution Campuran larutan

White precipitate What is the heat of precipitation of silver chloride?

Berapakah haba pemendakan bagi argentum klorida?

Mendakan putih

[Specific heat capacity of solution = 4.2 Jg-1oC-1, density of solution = 1 gcm-3]

[Muatan haba tentu larutan = 4.2 Jg C , ketumpatan larutan = 1 gcm ]
-1o -1 -3

A B C D

18.9 kJmol-1 37.8 kJmol-1 18900 kJmol-1 37800 kJmol-1

28

The following is the thermochemical equation for a reaction.

Berikut adalah persamaan termokimia bagi satu tindak balas

Zn + CuSO4

ZnSO4 + Cu

H = -210 kJmol-1

Calculate the heat change when 50 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution reacts with excess zinc.
Hitung perubahan haba apabila 50 cm larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 1.0 moldm dengan zink yang berlebihan.
3 -3

bertindak balas

A B C D

10.5 kJ 105 kJ 420 kJ 4200 kJ

29

Diagram 5 shows four sets of apparatus to investigate the rate of reaction . Rajah 5 di bawah menunjukkan empat set radas untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas. 5cm of magnesium ribbon 5 cm pita magnesium

100 cm of Nitric acid 2 mol dm-3 Set I 100 cm3 Set II

100 cm3 of Sulphuric acid 2 mol dm-3 Set III 100 cm3 of Ethanoic Acid 2 mol dm-3 Set IV 100 cm3 of hydrochloric acid 2 mol dm-3

3 100 cm Diagram 5 Rajah 5 asid sulfurik Which of theasid following set of apparatus shows the magnesium ribbon disappears faster? nitrik asid nitrik Antara set radas yang berikut, yang manakah -3 menunjukkan pita magnesium hilang paling 2 mol dm cepat? 2 mol dm-3 1 mol dm-3 A Set I

B C D

Set II Set III Set IV

30

Which of the following set up of apparatus is correct to electroplate iron ring with copper? Antara susunan radas berikut, yang manakah betul untuk menyadur cincin besi dengan kuprum?

Copper

Iron ring Iron(II) sulphate solution

Iron ring

Copper Iron(II) sulphate solution

Copper

Iron ring Copper(II) sulphate solution

Iron ring

Copper Copper(II) sulphate solution

31

Diagram 5 shows the set up of apparatus of a simple voltaic cell.

Electrode X

Electrode Y Electrolyte

DIAGRAM 5 Which of the following pairs of electrodes is correct if the electrons move from electrode X to electrode Y?
Electrode X Tin Zinc Lead Copper Electrode Y Aluminium Magnesium Iron Silver

A B C D

32 A B C D

Which of the following solution has the lowest pH value? Ethanoic acid 0.1 mol dm-3 Hydrochloric acid 0.1 mol dm-3 Ammonia solution 0.1 mol dm-3 Sodium hydroxide solution 0.1 mol dm-3

33

The chemical equation shows the reaction between copper and silver nitrate solution. Cu + 2AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag

Which of the following increases the frequency of the effective collisions of the reacting particles? A B C D Decrease the size of copper Increase the mass of copper Increase the volume of silver nitrate solution Decrease the temperature of silver nitrate solution

34

The following equation shows the reaction between calcium carbonate , CaCO3 and hydrochloric acid, HCl :

Persamaan berikut menunjukkan tindak balas antara kalsium karbonat, CaCO3 dan asid hidroklorik, HCl :

CaCO3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O(l)

Which of the following is the suitable method to determine the rate of reaction? Antara berikut yang manakah kaedah yang sesuai untuk menentukan kadar tindak itu?

Change in the temperature of the solution with time Perubahan dalam suhu bagi larutan dengan masa

Change in the volume of carbon dioxide gas with time Perubahan isi padu gas karbon dioksida dengan masa Change in the mass of water with time Perubahan jisim air dengan masa Change in the concentration of hydrochloric acid with time Perubahan kepekatan asid hidroklorik dengan masa

35

Diagram 6 shows the electrolysis of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium iodide solution. Rajah 6 menunjukkan elektrolisis bagi larutan kalium iodida 1.0 mol dm-3.

Carbon electrode X Elektrod karbon X

Carbon electrode Y Elektrod karbon Y 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium iodide solution 1.0 mol dm-3 larutan kalium iodida

Diagram 6

Rajah 6 Which of the following are the products formed at the carbon electrodes X and Y? Antara berikut yang manakah hasil yang terbentuk pada elektrod karbon X dan Y? Carbon electrode X Elektrod karbon X Oxygen Oksigen Iodine Iodin Hydrogen Hidrogen Iodine Iodin Carbon electrode Y Elektrod karbon Y Hydrogen Hidrogen Hydrogen Hidrogen Oxygen Oksigen Potassium Kalium

A B C D

36

Table 2 shows the concentration and pH value of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid Jadual 2 menunjukkan kepekatan dan nilai pH bagi asid hidroklorik dan asid etanoik Type of acid Jenis asid Hydrochloric ric acid Asid hidroklorik Ethanoic acid Asid etanoik Concentration / mol dm-3 Kepekatan / mol dm-3 0.1 0.1 pH value nilai pH 1 4

Table 2 Jadual 2

Which of the following statements are true about both acids? Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar tentang kedua-dua asid? I Hydrochloric acid is a stronger acid compared to ethanoic acid. Asid hidroklorik adalah asid lebih kuat berbanding asid etanoik. Concentration of hydrogen ions is higher in hydrochloric acid compared with ethanoic acid. Kepekatan ion hydrogen lebih tinggi dalam asid hidroklorik berbanding dengan asid etanoik. The degree of dissociation of hydrochloric acid in water is higher than ethanoic acid. Darjah penceraian asid hidroklorik dalam air lebih tinggi berbanding asid etanoik. Both acids can neutralized an alkali to produce salt and water Kedua-dua asid dapat meneutralkan alkali untuk menghasilkan garam dan air I and III III and IV I, II and III I, II, III and IV

II

III

IV

A B C D 37

Diagram 7 shows the set up of the apparatus for the action of heat on substance W. After a few minutes lime water turns cloudy. Rajah 7 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi kesan haba ke atas bahan W. Selepas beberapa minit air kapur menjadi keruh. W

Heat Panaskan Diagram 7 Rajah 7

Lime water Air kapur

Which of the following salts could be W? Antara garam-garam berikut yang manakah mungkin W?

Lead(II) nitrate Plumbum(II) nitrat Zinc carbonate Zink karbonat Copper(II) carbonate Kuprum(II) karbonat Potassium carbonate Kalium karbonat I and IV II and III I, II and III II, III and IV

II

III

IV

A B C D

38 A substance has the following properties: Suatu bahan mempunyai ciri-ciri berikut: Hard and opaque Keras dan tak lutcahaya Good insulator of heat and electricity Penebat haba dan elektrik yang baik Inert towards chemicals Lengai terhadap bahan kimia

Which of following substances has the above properties? Antara bahan-bahan berikut yang manakah mempunyai ciri-ciri seperti di atas? A Ceramics Seramik Glass Kaca Metal Logam Polymer Polimer

39

Table 3 shows the reactants and heat of neutralization of the reaction between sodium hydroxide solution with methanoic acid and hydrochloric acid. Jadual 3 menunjukkan bahan tindak balas dan haba peneutralan bagi tindak balas antara larutan natrium hidroksida dengan asid metanoik dan asid hidroklorik. Reactants Bahan tindak balas Methanoic acid and sodium hydroxide solution Asid metanoik dan larutan natrium hidroksida Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution Asid hidroklorik dan larutan natrium hidroksida Heat of neutralization/ kJ mol-1 Haba peneutralan/ kJ mol-1

- 54.0

-57.0

Table 3 Jadual 3 Which of the following statements is true? Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar? A Methanoic acid partially dissociates in water Asid metanoik tercerai separa di dalam air Methanoic acid releases energy to the surrounding Asid metanoik membebaskan tenaga ke persekitaran Methanoic acid produces H+ ions which can be replaced by Na+ ions Asid metanoik menghasilkan ion H+ yang boleh menggantikan ion Na+ Methanoic acid absorbed some of the heat energy released to complete its dissociation in water Asid metanoik menyerap sebahagian daripada tenaga yang dibebaskan untuk melengkapkan penceraiannya dalam air

40

In an experiment 50 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3of dilute nitric acid solution is mixed with 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution in a polystyrene cup. The temperature of the mixture increased by 140C. What is the heat released in the experiment? [Specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 Jg-1oC-1] Dalam satu eksperimen 50 cm3larutan asid nitrik 1.0 mol dm-3 dicampur dengan 50 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 di dalam cawan polistirena. Suhu campuran itu bertambah sebanyak 14oC. Berapakah haba yang dibebaskan dalam eksperimen itu? [Muatan haba tentu larutan ialah 4.2 Jg-1oC-1] A B C D 1470 J 2940 J 4410 J 5880 J

41

Table 4 shows the information of three chemical cells. Jadual 4 menunjukkan maklumat tentang tiga sel kimia. Chemical cell Sel kimia I II III Pair of metal electrodes Pasangan elektrod logam Q, P R, Q R, S Table 4 Jadual 4 Which of the following is the arrangement in ascending order of these metals in the electrochemical series? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah susunan secara menaik bagi logam-logam ini dalam siri elektrokimia? A R, P, S, Q B Q, P, S, R C S, R, P, Q D R, S, P, Q Voltage /V Voltan /V 0.7 2.7 1.1 Negative terminal Terminal negatif Q Q S

42 Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to produce oxygen and water. The results of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide are given below. Hidrogen peroksida mengurai membebaskan oksigen dan air. Keputusan satu eksperimen penguraian hidrogen peroksida diberi di bawah.
Time (s) Masa (s) 3 Volume of O2 (cm ) 3 Isipadu O2 (cm ) 0 0 15 16 30 30 45 40 60 48 75 48 90 48

What is the average rate of this reaction? Berapakah kadar tindak balas ini purata?
A B C D 0.53 cm s 3 -1 0.80 cm s 3 -1 1.88 cm s 3 -1 2.56 cm s
3 -1

43

Which explanation is paired correctly with the application of the rate of reaction? Pasangan manakah yang betul bagi menerangkan aplikasi kadar tindak balas? Application Aplikasi It is easier to light a fire using small pieces of charcoal. Adalah lebih mudah menyalakan api menggunakan ketulan kecil arang. Explanation Penerangan Total surface area exposed to air is smaller. Jumlah luas permukaan terdedah kepada udara adalah lebih kecil.

Fish and meat are normally kept in a The low temperature slows down the freezer. rate of bacterial metabolism. Ikan dan daging disimpan dalam Suhu yang rendah merendahkan kadar pembeku sejuk. metabolisme bakteria. Food cooks faster in a pressure cooker. Makanan dimasak lebih cepat dalam periuk tekanan. The high pressure decreases the number of water molecules in contact with the food. Tekanan yang tinggi mengurangkan bilangan molekul air yang bersentuh dengan makanan. To increase the activation energy of the reaction. Untuk meningkatkan tenaga pengaktifan tindak balas.

Iron is used in the industrial manufacture of ammonia. Besi digunakan dalam pembuatan ammonia dalam industri.

44 The thermochemical equation represents the precipitation of lead(II) sulphate : Persamaan termokimia mewakili tindak balas bagi pemendakan plumbum(II) sulfat: Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) PbSO4(s) H = 42 kJ mol-1

Which energy level diagram is correct ? Gambar rajah aras tenaga manakah yang betul ? A Energy Tenaga Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) H = 42 kJ mol-1

B Energy Tenaga Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq)

H = + 42 kJ mol-1

C Energy Tenaga

Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq)

H = 42 kJ mol-1

D Energy Tenaga

Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) PbSO (s) 4

H = + 42 kJ mol-1

PbSO4(s)

45

The thermochemical equation for the precipitation of lead(II) chloride , PbCl2 is given below. Persamaan termokimia bagi pemendakan plumbum(II) klorida , PbCl2 diberikan seperti di bawah. Pb2+(aq) + 2 Cl(aq) PbCl2(s) Pb2+(ak) + Cl(ak) PbCl2(p) Which statement is true ? Pernyataan manakah yang benar ?
A B C D The reaction is endothermic. Tindak balas adalah endotermik. The temperature of the reaction mixture increases. Suhu campuran bahan tindak balas meningkat. 2+ The energy content of the PbCl2 is higher than that of Pb and Cl ions. 2+ Kandungan tenaga PbCl2 adalah lebih tinggi dari jumlah tenaga ion Pb dan ion Cl Energy is absorbed when 1 mole of PbCl2 is formed. Tenaga diserap apabila 1 mol PbCl2 terbentuk

H = 50 kJ mol-1 H = 50 kJ mol-1

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The thermochemical equation for displacement of copper by zinc is given below. Persamaan termokimia bagi penyesaran kuprum oleh zink diberikan seperti dibawah. Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s) Zn(p) + CuSO4 (ak) ZnSO4 (ak) + Cu(p) H = 210 kJ mol-1 H = 210 kJ mol-1

What is the mass of copper, Cu when 84 kJ of heat is released? [Relative atomic mass: Cu = 64] Berapakah jisim kuprum, Cu yang terbentuk apabila 84 kJ haba dibebaskan? [Jisim atom relatif: Cu = 64]
A B C D 0.4 g 3.3 g 25.6 g 160.0 g

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The particulars below are obtained from an experiment to determine the heat of combustion of butanol . Volume of water Mass of butanol burnt Increase in water temperature = = = 250 cm3 0.37 g 12.8 oC

What is the heat of combustion of butanol? [Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1, Relative molecular mass of butanol = 74 ] Butiran berikut diperolehi dari satu eksperimen bagi menentukan haba pembakaran butanol. Isipadu air = 250 cm3 Jisim butanol = 0.37 g Kenaikan suhu air = 12.8 C Berapakah haba pembakaran butanol? [Muatan haba tentu air = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1,Jisim molekul relatif butanol = 74] A B C D 48 - 1630 kJ mol-1 - 2688 kJ mol-1 - 4973 kJ mol-1 - 6070 kJ mol-1 Salt Y + Water + Carbon dioxide Garam Y Air Karbon dioksida

Substance X + Sulphuric acid Bahan X asid sulfuric

Referring to the equation above, what could substance X be? Merujuk persamaan diatas , apakah kemungkinan bahan X ? A B C D Coppe(11) oxide Kuprum(II) oksida Magnesium metal Logam magnesium Zinc carbonate Zink karbonat Sodium hydroxide Natrium hidroksida

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Which of the following is a coloured salt? Antara berikut yang manakah suatu garam berwarana? A B C D Iron(II) sulphate Ferum(II) sulfat Silver nitrate Argentum nitrat Lead(II) nitrate Plumbum(II) nitrat Calcium carbonate Kalsium karbonat

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The equation in Diagram 3 represents the reaction in the industrial preparation of ammonia. Persamaan di dalam Rajah 3 mewakili tindak balas penghasilan ammonia dalam industri. Catalyst M N2 + 3 H2 Diagram 360 atm 450oC/ Rajah 3 What is catalyst M? Apakah mangkin M? Iron A Ferum Nickel B Nikel Copper(II) oxide C Kuprum(II) oksida Manganese(IV) oxide Mangan(IV) 0ksida D 2NH3

12 .

The following statements are related to the collision theory of a reaction Pernyataan-pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan dengan teori perlanggaran suatu tindak balas. Which of the following combination is true about the effect of the concentration on the reactant particles? Antara kombinasi berikut yang manakah benar tentang kesan kepekatan ke atas zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas

I II III IV A B C D

The total surface area of the reactant particles increases Jumlah luas permukaan zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah The kinetic energy of the reactant particles increases Tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah The number of the reactant particles per one unit of volume increases Bilangan zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas per satu unit isipadu bertambah The frequency of the collision between the reactant particles increases Frekuensi perlanggaran antara zarah-zarah bahan tindak balas bertambah I and II only I dan II saha II and III only II dan III sahaja I and IV only I dan IV sahaja III and IV only III dan IV sahaja

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Diagram 14 shows the set up of the apparatus for an experiment to determine the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and sulphuric acid. Rajah 14 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas antara natrium tiosulfat dengan asid sulfuric.

Sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric acid Natrium tiosulfat dan asid sulfurik Mark X Tanda X White paper Kertas putih

Diagram 14 Rajah 14 Which of the following combination of the conditions take shortest time for the mark X to disappear from sight? Antara kombinasi keadaan berikut yang manakah mengambil masa paling singkat untuk tanda X hilang daripada penglihatan? Sulphuric acid Asid sulfurik Volume Concentration 3 Isipadu (cm ) Kepekatan (mol dm-3) 5 1.0 5 5 10 1.0 0.5 0.5 Sodium Thiosulphate solution Larutan natrium tiosulfat Volume Concentration Isipadu Kepekatan (cm3) (mol dm-3) 50 0.4 50 50 45 0.4 0.4 0.4

Temperature Suhu (oC) 30 40 30 40

A B C D