Introduction

This study is an analysis of "the scapegoat" (Leviticus 16:10), because there is a difference of opinion as to who the scapegoat typifies! The vast a"ority of #hristianity agrees that the scapegoat is a type of $esus #hrist, but there are those who say that the scapegoat is a type of the %evil, &atan! This bible study gives sound scriptural proof that $esus is the anti'type of the scapegoat in Leviticus 16, not &atan!

THE SCAPEGOAT UNDER THE LAW

L()*T*#+& 16:1'10, -0'-1 .nd the L/0% spo1e to 2oses after the death of the two sons of .aron, when they offered before the L/0%, and died, - .nd the L/0% said to 2oses, &pea1 to .aron your brother, that he does not co e at all ti es within the holy place inside the veil before the ercy seat, which is upon the ar1, that he does not die: for * will appear in the cloud upon the ercy seat! 3 Thus shall .aron co e into the holy place, with a young bulloc1 for a sin offering, and a ra for a burnt offering! 4 5e shall put on the holy linen coat, and he shall have the linen breeches upon his flesh, and shall be girded with a linen girdle, and with the linen itre shall he be attired: these are holy gar ents, therefore shall he wash his flesh in water, and so put the on! 6 .nd he shall take o the con!re!ation o the children o Israel t"o kids o the !oats or a sin o erin!# and one ra for a burnt offering! 6 .nd .aron shall offer his bulloc1 of the sin offering, which is for hi self, and a1e an atone ent for hi self, and for his house! 7 And he shall take the t"o !oats# and $resent the% &e ore the LORD at the door o the ta&ernacle o the con!re!ation' 8 And Aaron shall cast lots u$on the t"o !oats( one lot or the LORD# and the other lot or the sca$e!oat' 9 And Aaron shall &rin! the !oat u$on "hich the LORD)S lot ell# and o er hi% or a sin o erin!' 10 *ut the !oat# on "hich the lot ell to &e the sca$e!oat# shall &e $resented ali+e &e ore the LORD# to %ake an atone%ent "ith hi%# and to let hi% !o or a sca$e!oat into the "ilderness' -0.nd when he has ade an end of reconciling the holy place, and the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar, he shall bring the live goat: -1 .nd Aaron shall la, &oth his hands u$on the head o the li+e !oat# and con ess o+er hi% all the ini-uities o the children o Israel# and all their trans!ressions in all their sins# $uttin! the% u$on the head o the !oat# and shall send him a"a, &, the hand o a it %an into the "ilderness. -- .nd the !oat shall &ear u$on hi% all their ini-uities to a land not inhabited: and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness! :ote: This ordinance using the two goats was done, "in the seventh onth, on the tenth day of the onth," (Leviticus 16:-9) every year! ;oth goats were used to a1e an atone ent (covering) for sin, the goat who was 1illed (Leviticus 16:18, -7), and the scapegoat (Leviticus 16:10)! &o unless you believe that &atan will ulti ately a1e an atone ent for the sins of believers, there is no way that &atan can be the anti'type of the

scapegoat! .nyone who reads this bible study can search the scriptures in vain to find any scriptural proof that &atan is the anti'type of the scapegoat!

THE SCAPEGOAT IS A T/PE O0 1ESUS NOT SATAN ALL SACRI0ICES HAD TO *E PER0ECT TO *E ACCEPTA*LE TO GOD
L()*T*#+& --:-0'-6 -0 ;ut "hate+er has a &le%ish# that ,ou shall not o er. or it shall not &e acce$ta&le or ,ou' -1 .nd whoever offers a sacrifice of peace offerings to the L/0% to acco plish his vow, or a freewill offering in cattle or sheep, it shall &e $er ect to &e acce$ted( there shall &e no &le%ish in it' -- *lind# or &roken# or %ai%ed# or ha+in! an ulcer# or ec2e%a# or sca&&ed# ,ou shall not o er these to the LORD# nor a1e an offering by fire of the upon the altar to the L/0%! -3 (ither a bulloc1 or a la b that has anything superfluous or lac1ing in his parts, that you ay offer for a freewill offering, but for a vow it shall not be accepted! -4 /ou shall not o er to the LORD that "hich is &ruised# or crushed# or &roken# or cut( neither shall you a1e any offering of it in your land! -6 :either fro a stranger<s hand shall you offer the bread of your =od of any of these, &ecause their corru$tion is in the%# and &le%ishes are in the%. the, shall not &e acce$ted or ,ou' %(+T(0/:/2> 16:-1 -1 .nd i there is an, &le%ish in it# as i it is la%e# or &lind# or has an, ill &le%ish# ,ou shall not sacri ice it to the LORD ,our God' %(+T(0/:/2> 17:1 1 /ou shall not sacri ice to the LORD ,our God an, &ullock# or shee$# in "hich is a &le%ish# or an, e+il a+ouredness. or that is an a&o%ination to the LORD ,our God' 2.L.#5* 1:8,14 8 .nd i ,ou o er the &lind or sacri ice# is it not e+il3 and i ,ou o er the la%e and the sick# is it not e+il3 /ffer it now to your governor, will he be pleased with you, or accept your person? sa,s the LORD o Hosts' 14 ;ut cursed is the decei+er# "ho has in his floc1 a ale, and vows, and sacri ices to the Lord a corru$t thin!. for * a a great 1ing, says the L/0% of hosts, and y na e is dreadful a ong the heathen! :ote: To be acceptable to =od a sacrifice ust be perfect without ble ish (Leviticus --:-0'-1)! To sacrifice anything other than this is considered evil (2alachi 1:8), and unacceptable (Leviticus --:-0, --:-6), an abo ination to =od (%euterono y 17:1), and we are co anded not to do it (Leviticus --:--, %euterono y 16:-1)! *t follows that both of the two goats, the one to be sacrificed and the scapegoat, had to be perfect and without ble ish, because lots were cast to see which one would fulfil which role

(Leviticus 16:8)! *f either goat were not perfect, and the lot fell on hi to be sacrificed, it would have been unacceptable to =od! Therefore the scapegoat had to be perfect and could not be typified by &atan, but only by #hrist who sacrificed hi self without spot or ble ish: 4He&re"s 5.678 "5ow uch ore shall the blood of #hrist, who through the eternal &pirit o ered hi%sel "ithout s$ot to =od, purge your conscience fro dead wor1s to serve the living =od?" 46 Peter 6.69:658 "@oras uch as you 1now that you were not redee ed with corruptible things !!! ;ut with the precious blood of #hrist, as of a la b "ithout &le%ish and "ithout s$ot'"

CHRIST HAS ATONED 0OR THE SINS O0 THE WHOLE WORLD

*&.*.5 63:6'6, 11'16 *ut he "as "ounded or our trans!ressions( he "as &ruised or our ini-uities. the chastise ent of our peace was upon hi , and with his stripes we are healed! 6 .ll we li1e sheep have gone astray, we have turned every one to his own way, and the LORD has laid on hi% the ini-uit, o us all' 11 5e shall see the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his 1nowledge shall y righteous servant "ustify any, for he shall &ear their ini-uities' 1- Therefore * will divide hi a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he has poured out his soul to death: and was nu bered with the transgressors, and he &ore the sin o %an,# and he ade intercession for the transgressors! $/5: 1:-9 ($ohn the ;aptist) -9 The neAt day $ohn sees 1esus co ing to hi , and says, ;ehold, the la b of =od, "ho takes a"a, the sin o the "orld' 5(;0(B& 9:-8 -8 &o Christ "as once o ered to &ear the sins o %an,( and to those who loo1 for hi shall he appear the second ti e without sin for salvation! 1 C(T(0 -:-4 -4 Who his o"n sel &ore our sins in his o"n &od, on the tree# that we, being dead to sins, should live for righteousness: by whose stripes you were healed! 1 $/5: 3:6 6 .nd you 1now, that he "as %ani ested to take a"a, our sins( and in hi :ote: here are so e reasons why the scapegoat typifies #hrist and not &atan: (1) $ust as the iniDuities of the children of *srael were put on the scapegoat by the high priest (Leviticus 16:-1), so =od laid on #hrist "the iniDuities of us all!" (*saiah 63:6)! Bhere does the bible say that our sins were laid on &atan? (-) $ust as the scapegoat had to "bear upon hi " (Leviticus 16:--) all the iniDuities of the children of *srael, so "#hrist was once offered to bear the sins of any," (5ebrews 9:-8), "he bore the sin of any," (*saiah 63:1-), and he "bore our sins in his own body on the is no sin!

tree," (1 Ceter -:-4)! Bhere does the scripture say that &atan ever bore our sins? (3) $ust as the scapegoat too1 the sins of the children of *srael away into the wilderness (Leviticus 16:-1'--), so it is "$esus !!! who ta1es away the sins of the whole world!" ($ohn 1:-9), because "he was anifested to ta1e away our sins," (1 $ohn 3:6), and ".s far as the east is fro the west, so far has he (the L/0%) re oved our transgressions fro us!" (Csal 103:1-)! Thus the scapegoat was a type of #hrist, and not a type of &atan, who te pts us into sin rather than ta1ing it away! (4) $ust as an atone ent was ade for the children of *srael with the scapegoat (Leviticus 16:10), so =od ade an atone ent for us with #hrist (&ee above scriptures)! .lso: 4E;odus <5.=<:==8 ".nd .aron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ra , and the bread !!! the, shall eat those thin!s "here"ith the atone%ent "as %ade, to consecrate and to sanctify the :" $esus said, "* a the bread of life" ($ohn 6:48) so he is the anti'type of the bread of this atone ent! 5e also said, "+nless you eat the flesh of the &on of an !!! you have no life in you! Bhoever eats y flesh has eternal life" ($ohn 6:63'64), so he was the anti'type of the flesh which was used to a1e an atone ent also! Bhere did &atan ever fulfil these atone ent types? (6) $ust as the scapegoat was not bearing his own sins, but the sins of others (Leviticus 16:-1), so #hrist was not bearing his own sins (- #orinthians 6:-1, 5ebrews 4:16, 1 Ceter -:--, 1 $ohn 3:6), but our sins (*saiah 63:6'6, 1 Ceter -:-4)! Bhere did the scripture say that &atan will bear our sins? (6) &o e say that &atan (as the scapegoat) is atoning for his own part in being the instigator of sin, but nowhere does the scripture teach this! Bhere are the verses that show it? :either can the %evil atone for his own sins, or those of others, after this age is finished! :ot only would this not be typified by the scapegoat, but the scripture shows that "the %evil that deceived the was cast into the la1e of fire and bri stone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tor ented day and night for ever and ever!" (0evelation -0:10)! *f the devil could atone for sin by his own sufferings then he would have to be set free when it was finished! *f it is possible for anyone to atone for their own sins then it is possible for everyone, and #hrist died in vain! Bhy then are there two goats to typify what $esus did? &i ply because $esus achieved so uch in his death that it could not be typified by one goat alone!

CO>PARATI?E SCRIPTURES : CLEANSING 0RO> LEPROS/ The cleansin! o the le$er

L()*T*#+& 14:1'7 1 .nd the L/0% spo1e to 2oses, saying, - This shall be the law of the leper in the day of his cleansing: he shall be brought to the priest: 3 .nd the priest shall go forth out of the ca p, and the priest shall loo1, and, behold, if the plague of leprosy is healed in the leper,

4 Then the priest shall co and to t"o &irds ali+e and clean# and cedar wood, and scarlet, and hyssop, 6 .nd the $riest shall co%%and that one o the &irds &e killed in an earthen +essel o+er runnin! "ater. 6 As or the li+in! &ird# he shall take it# and the cedar wood, and the scarlet, and the hyssop, and shall di$ the and the li+in! &ird in the &lood o that &ird that "as killed o+er the runnin! "ater( 7 .nd shall sprin1le upon hi who is to be cleansed fro the leprosy seven ti es, and shall pronounce hi clean, and shall let the li+in! &ird !o loose into the o$en ield' :ote: Loo1 at the si ilarities between this scripture for cleansing fro one concerning the scapegoat for cleansing fro sin, leprosy, and the

(1) There are two birds (Leviticus 14:4) and two goats (Leviticus 16:7'8)! (-) /ne of the birds is 1illed by the priest as a sacrifice (Leviticus 14:6), and one of the goats is 1illed by the priest for a sacrifice for sin (Leviticus 16:9, 16)! (3) The blood of the bird is sprin1led to cleanse fro leprosy (Leviticus 14:6'7), and the blood of the goat is sprin1led to cleanse fro sin (Leviticus 16:16)! (4) The living bird is let loose into the open field (Leviticus 14:7), and the living goat is let go in the wilderness (Leviticus 16:--)! .re we to consider that &atan, as the instigator of sic1ness ($ob -:6'7, Lu1e 13:16, $ohn 10:10, .cts 10:38), is also typified by the bird let loose, and well as by the goat let loose? /r would it be ore consistent with scripture to say that the loosed bird is a type of #hrist, who "5i self too1 our infir ities and bore our sic1nesses!" (2atthew 8:17, *saiah 63:4), "ust as the loosed goat is a type of #hrist who too1 away or sins (*saiah 63:6, $ohn 1:-9, 1 $ohn 3:6, &ee E-!- note)?

The cleansin! o the house

L()*T*#+& 14:49'63 49 .nd he shall take to cleanse the house t"o &irds# and cedar wood, and scarlet, and hyssop: 60 And he shall kill one o the &irds in an earthen +essel o+er runnin! "ater. 61 And he shall take the cedar wood, and the hyssop, and the scarlet, and the li+in! &ird# and di$ the% in the &lood o the slain &ird# and in the running water, and sprin1le the house seven ti es: 6- .nd he shall cleanse the house with the blood of the bird, and with the running water, and "ith the li+in! &ird# and with the cedar wood, and with the hyssop, and with the scarlet: 63 *ut he shall let !o the li+in! &ird out o the cit, into the o$en ields# and %ake an atone%ent or the house. and it shall be clean! :ote: The one eAtra si ilarity here, not given in the cleansing of a an (&ee E-!31), is that the loosed bird a1es an atone ent (Leviticus 14:63) "ust as the loosed goat a1es an atone ent (Leviticus 16:10)! ;oth of these typify #hrist, not &atan F&ee E-!- :ote (6)G! Bhere in scripture is &atan ever said to a1e an atone ent?

1ESUS CA>E TO 0UL0IL THE LAW

2.TT5(B 6:17 ($esus) 17 Thin1 not that * a co e to destroy the law, or the prophets: I a% not co%e to destro,# &ut to ul ill' :ote: *f $esus ca e to fulfill the law, then he had to fulfill the part of the scapegoat in the atone ent! . failure to do this would ean that he failed to co plete =od<s wor1 while here on the earth, which was denied by $esus when praying to his @ather, "* have glorified you on the earth: I ha+e inished the "ork "hich ,ou !a+e %e to do'@ ($ohn 17:4), and "ust before he died on the cross he said, @It is inished.@ ($ohn 19:30)! Thus $esus had fulfilled as uch of the law as was eApected of hi when he died, including the part of the scapegoat in the atone ent!

THE HE*REW WORD 4Htr' AAABAEL8 DOES NOT >EAN SATAN

The 5ebrew word (5tr! HIJHKl) translated scapegoat (Leviticus 16:8, 10, -6) does not ean &atan! L+/T( 1! This word has been variously understood and translated! The versions (LMM, &y achus, Theodotian, and the )ulgate) have understood it to stand for "the goat that departs", considering it to be derived fro two 5ebrew words: H eaning NgoatO and Hal eaning Nturn offO! ;y associating it with the arab word aHIla eaning NbanishO, or Nre oveO, it has been rendered Nfor entire re ovalO! (T5(/L/=*#.L B/0%;//P /@ T5( /L% T(&T.2(:T by 5arris, .rcher, and Balt1e! Cub! 2oody Cress C!668 ref!1693)! L+/T( -! The rendering in Leviticus 16:10, -6 should be "the goat for co plete sending away" (not "the goat for the scapegoat") ' fro the root Hal, to re ove co pletely! ((MC/&*T/0> %*#T*/:.0> /@ ;*;L( B/0%& by B!(!)ine Cub! #a bridge +niversity Cress C!14 /!T! under .T/:(2(:T)! The word translated <&atan< (5b! 5tr! satan) eans "adversary", and the word translated <Lucifer< (5b! 5tr! helel) eans "bright star"! Thus there is no fir evidence either fro scripture, or fro the 5ebrew language that the word HIJHKl has anything at all to do with the devil!