592 Term Paper presentation

DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
NESTED DESIGNS SPLIT PLOT DESIGNS

Objective
Study the concept of design of

experiments focusing on Nested Designs and Split Plot Designs.

Well chosen experimental designs

maximize the amount of "information" that can be obtained for a given amount of experimental effort. [3]

Outline
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

Nested Designs

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

Definition Aim Example Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Split-Plot Designs:

References

Initial criteria for design selection References

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Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

NESTED DESIGNS

References

Definition
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

In certain multifactor experiments, the

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

levels of one factor are similar but not identical for different levels of another factor, (is unique to that particular factor) this is called hierarchical or nested design. [1]

References

Aim
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

Nested experiments are commonly

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

used to identify the important sources of variation in a system. [4] Such sources of variation if not well addressed, might make it impossible to guarantee some level of precision. [9]

References

Example [Ref:1]
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

1. Recognition of and statement of the problem Consider a company that purchases its raw material from three different suppliers. The company wishes to determine if the purity of the raw material is the same from each supplier

References

2. Choice of factors, levels, and ranges. There are 4 batches of raw material available from each of 3 suppliers
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Cont/ Example
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

3. Selection of the response variable. Three determinations of purity are to be taken from each batch

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

4. Choice of experimental design. Nested design

References

Cont/ Example
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

5. Performing the experiment.

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection 1 1 2 3 4 1 2 2 3 4 1 2 3 3 4

References

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Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

SPLIT-PLOT DESIGNS

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

References

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Definition
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

In some multifactor designs involving

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

randomized blocks, we may be unable to completely randomize the order of the runs within the block. This often results in a generalization of the randomized block design called splitplot design. [1]

References

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Situations leading to Split-plot [3]

Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

References

Some of the factors of interest may be 'hard to vary' while the remaining factors are easy to vary. As a result, the order in which the treatment combinations for the experiment are run is determined by the ordering of these 'hard-to-vary' factors Experimental units are processed together as a batch for one or more of the factors in a particular treatment combination Experimental units are processed individually, one right after the other, for the same treatment combination without resetting the factor settings for that treatment combination.
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Example [Ref:3]
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

1. Recognition of and statement of the problem Consider an experiment to examine electroplating of aluminum (non-aqueous) on copper strips (sample=16).

2. Choice of factors, levels, and ranges. The three factors of interest are: current (A); solution temperature (T); and the solution concentration of the plating agent (S)

References

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Cont/ Example
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

3. Selection of the response variable. Plating rate is the measured response. 4. Choice of experimental design. Split Plot design

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

References

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Cont/ Example
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

5. Performing the experiment.

Current -1 Temperature -1 Concentration -1

-1
-1

-1
1

1
-1

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

-1
1 1 1 1

1
-1 -1 1 1

1
-1 1 -1 1

References

Factor solution concentration of the plating agent (S) being hard to vary
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Cont/ Example
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

the randomization of the treatment runs is

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

References

restricted somewhat by the level of the solution concentration factor. the treatment combinations might be randomized such that those treatment runs corresponding to one level of the concentration (-1) are run first. Each copper strip is individually plated, meaning only one strip at a time is placed in the solution for a given treatment combination. Once the four runs at the low level of solution concentration have been completed, the solution is changed to the high level of concentration (1), and the remaining four runs of the experiment are performed (where again, each strip is individually plated). 16

Initial criteria for design selection (1/5)

Criteria Objective NESTED Screening SPLIT Screening

Identical levels

Not identical

Identical
Min More than one Restricted

Sources of variation Many # of experimental units Randomization One Partially restricted

Allow interaction

Not between nested factors

Yes
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Initial criteria for design selection (2/5)

Criteria sufficient distribution of information Goodness of fit Provide model Detect model lack of fit Yes Yes Yes Yes NESTED SPLIT

Allow blocking
Allow sequential buildup of design

Yes

Yes

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Initial criteria for design selection (3/5)

Criteria NESTED SPLIT Provides internal estimate Yes (more than Yes (more than of error variance 1error variance) 1error variance) Provide simple means of calculating estimates of coefficients Run size economy Design Resolution

Minimum aberration
Minimum Detectable Effect

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Initial criteria for design selection (4/5)

Criteria NESTED SPLIT

Orthogonality
Balance Confounding ability Allow mixed model Yes depending Yes depending on the situation on the situation Yes Yes Yes

Degree of model allowed Allow collapsing of factor

optimal process settings

Linear or Quadratic
N/A

Linear or Quadratic
N/A
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Initial criteria for design selection (5/5)

Criteria NESTED SPLIT

Efficiency of design effecting the budget of the experiment. estimate of pure error by Yes replicating only some of the runs design can handle the number of levels involved Rotatability

Economic

Yes

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References
Nested Designs

Definition Aim Example

Split-Plot Designs:

Definition Situations leading to Split-plot Example

Initial criteria for design selection

References

[1] Design and Analysis of Experiments, by Montgomery [2] Design of Experiments: A No-Name Approach by Thomas J. Lorenzen, Virgil L. Anderson. [3] http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section1/pri11.htm [4] Improved Quality through planned experimentation [5] Engineering Quality and Experimental Design, by D. M. Grove and T. P. Davis [6] Experimental designs, by Cochran and Cox. [7] The Theory of the Design of Experiments, by D.R. Cox and N. Reid [8] Design and Analysis: A Researchers handbook, by Geoffrey Keppel [9] Design Your Experiments Part XIII: Other Experiment Designs, by Kevin Kilty
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DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS NESTED DESIGNS SPLIT PLOT DESIGNS

DISCUSSION