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Antiossidanti

Cytotoxicity of ascorbate, lipoic acid, and other antioxidants in hollow fibre in vitro tumours. Casciari JJ, Riordan NH, Schmidt T , et al. !r J Cancer "##$%&'($)''*$))#. Vitamin C (ascorbate) is toxic to tumour cells, and has been suggested as an adjuvant cancer treatment. Our goal was to determine if ascorbate, in combination with other antioxidants, could kill cells in the !"#$ hollow fibre in vitro solid tumour model at clinicall% achievable concentrations. Ascorbate anti&cancer efficac%, alone or in combination with li'oic acid, vitamin (()), 'hen%l ascorbate, or doxorubicin, was assessed using annexin V staining and standard survival assa%s. #& da% treatments with *$ m+ ascorbate increased the 'ercentage of a'o'totic cells in !"#$ hollow fibre tumours. ,i'oic acid s%nergisticall% enhanced ascorbate c%totoxicit%, reducing the #&da% ,C(-$)in hollow fibre tumours from ). m+ to . m+. ,i'oic acid, unlike ascorbate, was e/uall% effective against 'roliferating and non&'roliferating cells. Ascorbate levels in human blood 'lasma were measured during and after intravenous ascorbate infusions. 0nfusions of "$ g 'roduced 'eak 'lasma concentrations exceeding #$ m+ with an area under the curve (#. h) of 1" m+ h. 2hus, tumoricidal concentrations ma% be achievable in vivo. Ascorbate efficac% was enhanced in an additive fashion b% 'hen%l ascorbate or vitamin (()). 2he effect of ascorbate on doxorubicin efficac% was concentration de'endent3 low doses were 'rotective while high doses increased cell killing.

+itamin nutrition and ,astroesopha,eal cancer. -an, CS. J Nutr "###%$.#(..&S*../S 4itrosamines have been sus'ected in the etiolog% of eso'hageal5gastric cardia cancer in the high incidence area of ,inxian of the 6enan 7rovince in northern China, but marginal deficiencies in riboflavin, vitamins A and C, and other micronutrients ma% also be involved. A joint 8. .&China nutritional intervention stud% with investigators from the Cancer 0nstitute of the Chinese Academ% of +edical ciences and the 8. . 4ational Cancer 0nstitute tested the effects of the following four combinations of nutrients on #9,-:. subjects in an eight&grou' design; *) retinol and <inc3 #) riboflavin and niacin3 )) vitamin C and mol%bdenum3 and .) vitamin =, beta&carotene and selenium. u''lementation with >rou' . nutrients significantl% decreased mortalit% rate from stomach cancer, 'rimaril% due to the decrease in deaths resulting from adenocarcinomas of the gastric cardia3 it lowered the total mortalit% rate and showed signs of other beneficial effects. Another stud% of nutrition and gastric cancer in a high incidence area of ,in/u of the hangdong 'rovince in northern China (in collaboration with the ?eijing 0nstitute for Cancer @esearch and the 8. . 4ational 0nstitutes of 6ealth) found significantl% lower serum concentrations of vitamin C and beta&carotene among individuals with intestinal meta'lasia3 an intervention trial with vitamins C and = and selenium (combined) is ongoing in ,in/u. Other studies are also elucidating the mechanisms for the 'athogenesis of adenocarcinoma at the gastroeso'hageal junction with the use of a rat model. uch studies are ex'ected to shed light on the etiolog% and 'revention of gastroeso'hageal cancers in humans.

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