Chemistry

Name _______________________________ Period ___ Date ___/___/___

T h e M o l e C o n c e p t U n i t 4

Moles, Molecules, and Grams Lab

As weve already discussed in class its easy to ma!e conversions "etween moles molecules/#ormula units and $rams% &or e'ample i# we want to $o #rom moles to $rams we use the molar mass to ma!e this conversion% (# we want to $o #rom moles to molecules we use Avo$adros num"er or )%*+ ' ,*+-% &inally i# we want to $o #rom $rams to molecules/#ormula units we .ust use a two step process where we #irst convert #rom $rams to moles and then #rom moles to molecules/&%U% /isually it loo!s li!e this0 Molar mass 1rams Units )%*+ ' ,*+Moles Molecules/&ormula

(n this la" we will "e wei$hin$ out #ive di##erent su"stances then #indin$ out how many moles and molecules/&%U% o# each one we have% Prelab0 (# you measure out +2%* $rams o# Na34 in this la" how many moles o# Na34 would you have5 4ow many #ormula units5

Lab0 (n this la" there are #ive di##erent "alances set up each o# which has a la"eled su"stance in a little .ar ne't to it% 6our .o" is to #ind out how many moles and how many molecules o# each su"stance are in the canister% 7ome in#ormation you mi$ht #ind use#ul0 sand "a!in$ soda 8Na4C3-9 chal! 8CaC3-9 ta"le salt 8NaCl9

su$ar0 sucrose 8C,+4++3,,9

:hen you are done wei$hin$ each material calculate the num"er o# moles o# each material and the num"er o# molecules o# each one and put them in the ri$ht space% All calculations must "e shown on lined paper with all conversion #actors and unit cancellin$% Data Table: Mass o# container0 +%2,$

Name0 &ormula Mass 8$9 Molar Mass

7and 7i3+ 2+%*-$ )*%*<$

;a!in$ 7oda Na4C34+%4<$ =4%*,$

Chal! CaC3=%4)$ ,**%*<$

Ta"le 7alt NaCl ,2,%,,$ 2=%44$

7u$ar C,+4++3,, ==%=<$ -4+%-*$

Chal!0

7u$ar0

7alt0

;a!in$ 7oda0

7and0

Calculations0 Usin$ your data #ind the #ollowin$ values% Ma!e sure to show all wor! and write all num"ers with the correct si$ni#icant #i$ures% ,a% Num"er o# moles o# sand0 __________ "% Num"er o# molecules o# sand0 ___________

+a% Num"er o# moles o# "a!in$ soda0 __________ "% Num"er o# #ormula units o# "a!in$ soda0 ___________

-% Num"er o# #ormula units o# chal!0 ___________ 4int0 7trin$ two conversions to$ether

4% Num"er o# #ormula units o# salt0 __________

2% Num"er o# molecules o# su$ar0 __________

Post Lab Questions: ,% :hich o# the materials we wor!ed with had the lar$est num"er o# molecules/#ormula units5 :as this the material that had the lar$est wei$ht5 :hy5 7and had the lar$est num"er o# molecules/#ormula units% Accordin$ to the data ta"le sand did not have the lar$est wei$ht however that could have "een a##ected "y the inconsistent amount we had #or each Material% +% :ater has a molecular #ormula o# 4+3% (# ( have 2*%* $ o# water how many moles o# water do ( have5 4ow many molecules5

-% ;utane has a molecular #ormula o# C44,*% (# ( have 2*%* $rams o# "utane how many moles o# natural $as do ( have5 4ow many molecules5

4% ( had the same wei$ht o# water and "utane in pro"lems - and 4% :hy didnt the answer come out the same5 >'plain% 7ince "utane and water have di##erent molecular #ormula there is a di##erence in the molar mass which e##ects the conversion and outcome to "e di##erent%