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A AN M E R I C A NN A T I O N A SL T A N D A R D

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL


PURPOSE (INCH)
ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 - 1983
( R E V I S I O N A N D R E D E S I G N A T I O NOF ANSI 82.1-1968)

REAFFIRMED 1992
FOR CURRENT COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
PLEASE SEE ASME MANUAL AS-1
1

S P O N S O R E DA N DP U B L I S H E D

T H EA M E R I C A NS O C I E T Y
United Engineering Center

OF

MECHANICAL

3 4 5 E a s t 47th
Street

BY

E N G I N E E R S

N e w York, N. Y. 10017

CONTENTS

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
StandardsCommitteeRoster
.........................................

iii
iv

.................................................
1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 Thread
Designations
........................................
1.3 Sealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1
1
1
1
1

..........................

4
4
4
4

Introduction

1.5
1.6
2

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Related
Standard
..........................................

AmericanNationalStandard

2.1
2.72.3

Pipe ThreadForm

Thread
Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Angle of Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TruncationandThreadHeight
..................................

1
1

3 Specification for GeneralPurpose Taper Pipe Threads, NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


3.1 TaperPipeThreads
.........................................
3.2 Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4
4
9

Specifications for Internal Straight Threads in Pipe Couplings, NPSC . . . . . . . . . . . .


4.1 Straight Pipe Threads in PipeCouplings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9
9

Specifications for Railing Joint TaperPipe Threads, NPTR

............................................

..................

9
9

Specifications for Straight Pipe Threads for Mechanical Joints;


NPSM,NPSL, NPSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

5.1

Railing
Joints

6.1 StraightPipeThreads
.......................................
6.2 Free-FittingMechanicalJointsforFixtures,
NPSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3 Loose-FittingMechanicalJoints With Locknuts.NPSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4 Loose-FittingMechanicalJointsforHoseCoupling,
NPSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7

Gages and Gage Tolerances for American National Standard

7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4

PipeThreads

1;
16

. . . . . . . . 16

Design o f Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Classes of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gage Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relation of Lead and Angle Deviations t o Pitch Diameter
Tolerances of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vii

13
13

16
16
18

18

Gaging of TaperPipeThreads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.1 Gaging External Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.2 Gaging InternalTaperThreads
.................................
8.3 Gaging Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4 Gaging Chamfered,Countersunk, or Recessed Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gaging of Straight PipeThreads

9:1
9.2

....................................

Types ofGages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gage Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18
18
18
18
18
22
12
22

Figures

I Basic Form of AmericanNational Standard Taper Pipe Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


2 AmericanNational StandardTaper Pipe Threads for Pressure-Tight Joints. NPT . . . .
3 AmericanNational StandardTaper Pipe Thread Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 NPT Standard Taper Pipe Thread Plug and Ring Cages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Suggested Form of Gage Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Gaging External Taper Threads With Ring Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 Gaging Internal Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 Gaging of ChamferedThreads
.....................................

2
4
5
14
14
14
14
15

Tables

Limits on Crest and Root Truncation of American National Standard External


and InternalTaper Pipe Threads. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic Dimensions of American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread. NPT . . . . . . . .
Tolerances on Taper. Lead. and Angle of Pipe Threads. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dimensions. Internal StraightThreads in Pipe Coupling. NPSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dimensions of External and Internal Taper Pipe Threads for Railing Joints. NPTR . . .
Dimensions of External and Internal Straight Pipe Threads for Fixtures. NPSM . . . . .
Dimensions. External and Internal Straight Pipe Thread for
LocknutConnections. NPSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 Basic Dimensions of Threaded Plug and Ring Gages for National American National
Standard Taper PipeThreads. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9 Tolerances for American National Standard Working Taper Pipe Thread Plug and
RingGages. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 Diameter Equivalent of Deviation in Half Included Angle of Thread for
Tools and Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1 Diameter Equivalent of Deviation in Lead for Tools and Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix

......................................................

Viii

3
6
8
8
10

11

12
17

19

20
21

23

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