Code No: R050210803 Set No.

1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) A mixture of gases contains 10.5% CO2 13.0% Cl2 12.7% N2 and balance H2
i. What is the average molecular weight of the gas?
ii. Calculate the gas composition as weight fractions.
(b) Given a water solution contains 1.704 kg HNO3 per kg H2 O and has a specific
gravity of 1.382 at 200 C, express the composition in the following ways
i. Weight percent HNO3
ii. Molarity at 200 C [8+8]

2. A mixture of combustion gases consisting of N2 : 79.2%, O2 : 7.2 and CO 13.6% is

passed into an evaporator at a temperature of 2000C and a pressure of 743 mm Hg.
Water is evaporated, the gases leaving at a temperature of 850 C and a pressure of
740 mmHg has the following molal composition. N2 : 48.3%, O2 : 4.4%, CO2 :8.3%
and water : 39%. Calculate:

(a) Volume of the gases leaving the evaporator per 1000 cubic centimeters of
mixture entering
(b) Weight of water evaporated per 1000 cubic centimeters of gas entering
[16]

3. (a) Derive the Clausius-Claperyon equation State necessary assumptions to solve

the problem. [10+6]
(b) Calculate the vapor pressure at 25o C of a substance (mol.wt. 58) when its
vapor pressure at 0o C is 180 mmHg and latent hate of vaporization is 90 cal
per gram at 00 C.

4. Define the following terms and give their respective equations explaining the sym-
bols used in the equations

(a) Humidity
(b) Saturated gas
(c) Relative humidity
(d) Percentage humidity [16]

5. (a) 500 kg/hr of pure sulfur is burnt with 20% excess air (based on S to SO2 ) 5%
S is oxidized to SO3 and rest to SO2 . Find the exit gas analysis.

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Code No: R050210803 Set No. 1
(b) A gas containing 80% ethane and 20% oxygen is burnt with 200% excess air.
80% ethane goes to CO2 ; 10% to CO2 ; and 10% remains unburnt. Calculate
the stack gas composition. [8+8]

6. (a) A solution of sodium chloride in water is saturated at a temperature of 150 C.

Calculate the weight of NaCl that can be dissolved by 100 kg of this solution
if it is heated to 650 C.
(b) Define the following terms: [16]
Solute
Dissolution
Solubility
Crystallisation

7. (a) Write Trouton’s rule

(b) Write Kopp’s rule
(c) Write Kistyakowsky equation for non polar liquids
(d) Write the empirical equation relating heat of vaporization and temperature
[4+4+4+4]

8. The Orsat analysis of the flue gases from a boiler house chimney gives carbon di
oxide = 11.4% ; Oxygen = 4.2% ; and nitrogen = 84.4% (mole%). Assuming that
complete combustion has taken place,

(a) Calculate the % excess air, and

(b) find the C:H ratio in the fuel. [16]

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Code No: R050210803 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain weight %, mole % and volume % as applied to gas mixtures and liquid
mixtures.
(b) An aqueous solution contains 15% K2 Cr2 O7 by weight. Express the composi-
tion in mole%
(c) Express the composition of a mixture in terms of mole percent if mixture
contains 30% Benzene and 70% toluene by weight. [8+4+4]

2. (a) In the monsante process for the manufacture of formaldehyde, air, methanol
and steam are mixed in the following proportion 4:2:1.33 (by weight) at
1100 C.the total pressure is 1.5atm. Calculate the partial pressure of oxygen
and nitrogen present in the mixture.
(b) Write short notes on equations state [12+4]

3. Determine the boiling temperature of the benzene water mixture using the data
given in the table. The pressure maintained above the liquid surface is 0.9803 bars.
Benzene and water may be treated essentially as immiscible
Teemperature0 C V.P.Benzene, bar V.P.water, bar
60 0.5133 0.1975
65 0.6053 0.2500
68 0.6711 0.2830
70 0.7238 0.3092
Also determine the mole fraction of water at boiling temperature [16]

4. Define the following terms and give their respective equations explaining the sym-
bols used in the equations

(a) Humidity
(b) Saturated gas
(c) Relative humidity
(d) Percentage humidity [16]

5. In the common process for the production of nitric acid sodium nitrate is treated
with 95% H2 SO4 . In order that the resulting niter cake may be fluid, it is desirable
to use excess acid, so that final cake contains 34% sulfuric acid. It may be assumed
that the cake will contain 1.5% water and that the reaction will go to completion.
2% of HNO3 formed will remain in the cake.

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Code No: R050210803 Set No. 2
(a) Calculate the composition of niter cake by weight %, formed per 100 kg of
sodium nitrate charged.
(b) Calculate the weight of sulfuric acid to be used.
(c) Calculate the weight of HNO3 and water vapor distilled from the niter cake.
[16]

6. In the feed preparation section of an ammonia plant, hydrogen is produced by a

combination of steam-reforming/partial oxidation process. Enough air is used in
partial oxidation to give a 3:1 H2 − N2 molar ratio in the feed to the ammonia
unit. The H2 − N2 mixture is heated to reaction temperature and fed to a fixed
bed reactor where 20% conversion of reactants to NH3 is obtained per pass. The
products from the reactor are cooled and NH3 is obtained per pass. The products
from the reactor are cooled and NH3 removed by condensation. The unreacted
H2 − N2 mixture is recycled and mixed with fresh feed. On the basis of 100 k mole
per hour of fresh feed determine the NH3 production and recycle rate. [16]

7. Write

(a) Kopp’s rule

(b) Trouton’s rule
(c) Kistyakowsky equation for non jpolar liquids [5+6+5]

8. Write short notes on

(a) Standard heat of reaction

(b) Standard heat of formation. [8+8]

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Code No: R050210803 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. A solution of sulfuric acid has 36 mole% H2 SO4 . Its density is 1.681 g/ml at
20o C.Find:

(a) Weight percent

(b) Kg solute per Kg solvent
(c) Grams solute per 100 ml solution
(d) Normality [16]

2. (a) In the monsante process for the manufacture of formaldehyde, air, methanol
and steam are mixed in the following proportion 4:2:1.33 (by weight) at
1100 C.the total pressure is 1.5atm. Calculate the partial pressure of oxygen
and nitrogen present in the mixture.
(b) Write short notes on equations state [12+4]

3. (a) Explain the phenomena of vapor pressure and boiling. [8+8]

(b) Write the procedure to estimate the boiling point temperature for immiscible
liquids

4. Air at a temperature of 200 C and 750 mm Hg has a relative humidity of 80%

Calculate:

(a) The molal humidity of the air.

(b) The molal humidity of this air if its temperature is reduced to 100 C and
pressure increased to 2000 mm Hg condensing out some of the water and
(c) Weight of water condensed from 1000 litre of the original wet air. [5+5+6]

5. (a) A cotton mill dries a water soaked fabric in a drier from 54% to 9% moisture.
How many kg of water are removed by drying operation per 1200 kg of feed.
(b) A gas containing 2% NH3 , 25.4% N2 and the rest H2 is flowing in a pipe. To
measure the flow rate an ammonia rich gas containing 96% NH3 , 3% H2 and
1% N2 is sent at a rate of 100 cc/min. The concentration of NH3 in the down
stream is 6%. Find the flow rate of gas at inlet. [8+8]

6. Sea water is desalinated by reverse osmosis using the scheme shown in the figure 1.
D stream has 500 ppm salt = 0.05%. [16]
Find

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Code No: R050210803 Set No. 3
(a) Rate of B
(b) Rate of D
(c) Recycle R

Figure 1:

7. (a) What is Kopp’s rule

(b) Define heat capacity, specific heat, enthalpy
(c) Write a note on heat capacities of liquids and gases . [4+6+6]

8. Calculate the standard heat of reaction at 298 0 K when gaseous ammonia is dis-
solved in water to form 2% by weight of its solution for the regeneration of a weak
anion exchanger of a water treatment plant. The heats of formation of ammonia,
water and ammonium hydroxide are -45.94, -285.83, -361.2 kJ/mol respectively.
[16]

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Code No: R050210803 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. A natural gas has the following composition on volume basis CH4-83.5%,C2H2 -9%
and N2-7.5%. Calculate: [16]

(a) composition in mole %.

(b) the composition in weight %,
(c) average molecular weight of the gas and
(d) specific gravity of the mixture.

2. (a) In the monsante process for the manufacture of formaldehyde, air, methanol
and steam are mixed in the following proportion 4:2:1.33 (by weight) at
1100 C.the total pressure is 1.5atm. Calculate the partial pressure of oxygen
and nitrogen present in the mixture.
(b) Write short notes on equations state [12+4]

3. Write short notes on [4×4=16]

(a) Cox chart and its applications

(b) Duhrings chart and its applications
(c) Critical properties
(d) Reduced conditions

4. An air (B) - water (A) sample has a dry bulb temperature of 500 C and a wet bulb
temperature of 350 C. Estimate any of its four properties at a total pressure of one
atm making use of humidity chart. [16]

5. A laundry can purchase soap containing 30% water at the rate of Rs. 7 per 100 kg
f.o.b the factory. The same manufacturer offers another soap having 5% water. If
the freight rate is Rs. 0.6 per 100 kg of soap what is the maximum price that the
laundry should pay the manufacturer for the soap with 5% water ?(f.o.b.: freight
on board) [16]

6. Fresh air containing 4mole% water vapor is to be cooled and dehumidified to a

water content of 1.70 mole% H2 O. A stream of fresh air is combined with a recycle
stream of previously dehumidified air and passed through the cooler. The blended
stream entering the unit contains 2.30 mole% H2 O. In the air conditioner, some
of the water in the feed stream is condensed and removed as liquid. A fraction of
the dehumidified air leaving the cooler is recycled and the remainder is delivered

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Code No: R050210803 Set No. 4
to a room. Taking 100 mol of dehumidified air delivered to the room as a basis of
calculation, calculate the moles of fresh feed, moles of water condensed, and moles
of dehumidified air recycled. [16]

7. Estimate the molal heat of vaporization of acetone at pressures of 1 and 8atm.

Boiling point of acetone at 1 atm is 56.5 0 C and at 8 atm is 133.1 0C. (ZG ZL ) at
1 atm = 0.966 and at 8atm = 0.822. Vapor pressure constants A= 3.0644 and B
= 0.180. [16]

8. Write short notes on

(a) Standard heat of reaction

(b) Standard heat of formation. [8+8]

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