Code No: RR310104 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) State the effects when each of the following substances exceeds prescribed
limits of drinking water standards. [10]
i. Nitrates
ii. Sulphates
iii. Chlorides
iv. Fluorides and
v. Iron and Manganese
(b) Write a brief note on the incremental increase method of estimating Popula-
tion. [6]

2. (a) Describe the Hardy-Cross method of analysis of pipe networks? [8+8]

(b) Describe the graphical method of determining the storage capacities of a reser-
voir.

3. (a) What are the hydraulic formulae used for determining flow velocities in sewers
and drains. [8+8]
(b) Why is a circular section more commonly used in the construction of sewers?
What are the advantages of egg shaped section and under what conditions of
flow does it become more useful.

4. Explain with neat sketches the different systems of plumbing for building drainage.

[16]

5. (a) Show that the efficiency of a sedimentation tank is independent of depth of

tank.
(b) 10 mg of copperas is consumed with lime at a coagulation basin per litre of
water. Determine the quantity of copperas and the quick lime required to treat
10 million litres of water per day for one year. Molecular weight of copperas
is 278 and of quick lime is 56. [8+8]

6. (a) Compare the design and working features of the slow sand filter and rapid
sand gravity filter. [8+8]
(b) Design the rapid sand gravity filters for a flow of 20 million liters/day. Give
the plan and section of the filter.

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Code No: RR310104 Set No. 1
7. (a) Explain the different types of settling phenomena, their description and their
application. [8+8]
(b) Define discrete and flocculant particles.
(c) Define surface over flow rate. Give its unit and application.

8. (a) Explain the components of a septic tank with a neat sketch. [8+8]
(b) What are the design criteria for design of septic tank?

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Code No: RR310104 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are the factors that govern the water demand of a city. [8+8]
(b) Discuss in detail the merits and demerits of the various methods adopted for
estimating the future population of a city.

2. Write short notes on the following . [4 x 4=16]

(a) Spigot and Socket Joint

(b) Water meter
(c) Fire- Hydrant
(d) Air valve

3. (a) How is the capacity of a sewer calculated for its design. What is the design
period adopted for different components of a Sewerage Scheme [8+8]
(b) What are the causes of variation in the flow of sewage. What are their effects
on the design of sewers?

4. When is pumping of sewage required in a sewerage system. Draw a sketch of a

typical sewage pumping station showing all the necessary arrangements to pump
sewage of a town of one lakh population at the outfall sewer. [16]

5. (a) What is settling velocity? Explain Stoke’s law for settling velocity. What are
the limitations of Stoke’s law? [8+8]
(b) Explain the design considerations for continuous flow type settling basins.

6. (a) Explain with the help of sketches the construction of rapid sand gravity filters.
(b) Draw a neat sketch of rapid sand filter to explain its working along with back
washing process. [8+8]

7. Draw a neat layout of various units employed in wastewater treatment plant and
briefly explain the function of each unit. [16]

8. (a) Explain the components of a septic tank with a neat sketch. [8+8]
(b) What are the design criteria for design of septic tank?

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Code No: RR310104 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are the water-borne diseases? How can they be prevented. [8+8]
(b) Sketch and design an intake suitable for drawing water from a river where the
water level is kept almost constant by means of a cross weir across the river.

2. Write short notes on the following . [4 x 4=16]

(a) Spigot and Socket Joint

(b) Water meter
(c) Fire- Hydrant
(d) Air valve

3. Explain how B.O.D and C.O.D can be determined in the laboratory. [16]

4. Mention the various sewer appurtenances used in a sewerage system and state the
location and utility of each of them. [16]

5. (a) What are the factors to be considered for location of a water treatment plant?
(b) Sketch and explain different types of inlet and outlet arrangements for sedi-
mentation tanks. [8+8]

6. Results of a chlorine demand test on raw water at 200 c are given as follows. [16]

Sample No. Chlorine dosage mg/l Residual Chlorine after15 minutes contact mg/l
1 0.15 0.10
2 0.30 0.22
3 0.45 0.38
4 0.60 0.48
5 0.75 0.47
6 0.90 0.28
7 1.05 0.35
8 1.20 0.55

(a) Draw the chlorine demand curve.

(b) What is the break point chlorination dosage?
(c) What is the chlorine demand at the chlorine dosage of 1mg/l?

7. (a) Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic methods of sewage treatment.

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Code No: RR310104 Set No. 3
(b) List different methods of aerobic treatment of sewage and where they can be
applied? [8+8]

8. (a) Explain different methods of effluent disposal of septic tanks. [8+8]

(b) Discuss the criteria for the design of a septic tank.

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Code No: RR310104 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are the water-borne diseases? How can they be prevented. [8+8]
(b) Sketch and design an intake suitable for drawing water from a river where the
water level is kept almost constant by means of a cross weir across the river.

2. (a) A distribution main is tapped at a point where R.L. is 30m and where pressure
is 12m head. The service pipe is 60m long and supplies water to 12 occupants
at an average rate of 135 LPCD. The hourly variation factor is given as 4.
Calculate the size of the supply main if residual head at the top outlet having
R.L of 33m is not to fall 1.5m. use the formula V= 835 m2/3 s1/2
(b) How is the capacity of a distribution reservoir determined? [8+8]

3. Differentiate between

(a) Domestic Sewage, Industrial sewage, Sanitary sewage and Sullage [8+8]
(b) Discuss briefly the necessity of replacing the conservancy system by the Water
Carriage system of sanitation

4. What are the principles adopted in providing an efficient and economical system of
drainage in buildings. [16]

5. (a) What are the factors to be considered for location of a water treatment plant?
(b) Sketch and explain different types of inlet and outlet arrangements for sedi-
mentation tanks. [8+8]

6. (a) What are the different factors affecting the bacterial efficiency of chlorine?
Explain. [8+8]
(b) State the characteristics of Ideal disinfectant.

7. (a) State different features of racks and screens [6]

(b) Write a schematic diagram of a typical wastewater treatment plant. [6]
(c) Explain the function of skimming tank. [4]

8. (a) Explain different methods of effluent disposal of septic tanks. [8+8]

(b) Discuss the criteria for the design of a septic tank.

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