Patrick McDonough Senior Division Individual Website 74128810.nhd.weebly.

com

Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources

Assembly, National. Duke University, "French Constitution of 1791 ." Accessed November 17, 2013. https://web.duke.edu/secmod/primarytexts/FrenchConstitution1791.pdf. The French Constitution of 1791, written by the National Assembly, outlined the ideas established in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and made them official. This is a primary source since it was written during the French Revolution. I used this to display how the Declaration became official and more specified.

Buchez, Philippe-Joseph-Benjamin. Histoire parlementaire de la rvolution franaise . Paris: J. Hetzel , 1845. https://archive.org/stream/histoireparleme23buchgoog Histoire parlementaire de la rvolution franaise is a book written by Philippe-Joseph-Benjamin Buchez. This source is primary because Buchez lived during the French Revolution and includes excerpts from the Tennis Court Oath. This source mostly helped me with the Tennis Court Oath and its meaning.

Assembly, Constitutional. "Constitution of 1801." Accessed December 11, 2013. http://college.cengage.com/history/world/keen/latin_america/8e/assets/students/sources/p dfs/33_haitian_constitution_1801.pdf. The Haitian Constitution of 1801 was a constitution written by the Haitian Constitutional Assembly. This source is a primary source since it was written during the Haitian and French Revolutions. This document helped me to analyze how the French Revolution influenced the ideas of the Haitian Revolution.

de Montesquieu, Charles. The Spirit of Laws. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1748. http://www.constitution.org/cm/sol.txt (accessed November 14, 2013). The Spirit of the Laws is a treatise that was written by Charles de Montesquieu in 1748 during the Age of Enlightenment in Europe. Thus, this source is a primary source. This treatise helped me to connect the Enlightenment idea that the government should instill liberty in the community to the signing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

Locke, John. Two Treatises of Government. London: A. Millar, 1690. http://oll.libertyfund.org/?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=show.php?title=222 (accessed November 14, 2013). Two Treatises of Government is a work of the Enlightenment philosopher John Locke and therefore is a primary source. This piece of work allowed me to connect the French ideas of equality, outlined in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, to the Enlightenment ideas of equality. National Assembly, . Yale Law School:The Avalon Project, "Declaration of the Rights of Man1789." Last modified 2008. Accessed March 24, 2013. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/rightsof.asp. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was written in 1789 and the site has the exact words of the Declaration, so the Declaration is a primary source. The Declaration was immensely helpful for my project because it basically outlined all of the rights and responsibilities during the French Revolution, which directly pertains to the National History Day Theme of Rights and Responsibilities.

Robespierre, Maximilien. Columbia University, "On the Moral and Political Principles of Domestic Policy." Accessed November 17, 2013. http://www.college.columbia.edu/core/sites/core/files/text/robesmor_0.pdf. "On the Moral and Political Principles of Domestic Policy" is a piece written by Robespierre, who was effectively Frances dictator for two years, during the infamous Reign of Terror. It is a primary source since it was written during the time period of my project. I used this source to observe and show how Robespierre justified trampling over the ideas outlined in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques . The Social Contract. London: J.M. Dent, 1762. http://www.constitution.org/jjr/socon.htm (accessed November 14, 2013). The Social Contract is a primary since it was written during the time period my project is on. This source helped me to further explore the connection between the Enlightenment and the French Revolution.

Sieys, Emmanuel-Joseph. Southern Methodist University, "What is the Third Estate? ." Accessed November 12, 2013. http://faculty.smu.edu/rkemper/cf_3333/Sieyes_What_is_the_Third_Estate.pdf. What is the Third Estate? was written by Emmanuel-Joseph Sieys in 1789 during the early stages of the French Revolution and thus is a primary source. This document allowed me to see

the perspective of the Third Estate before the Revolution and how they felt useless and trodden upon. These grievances were some of the main reasons why the French Revolution took place. Secondary Sources Cole, Joshua. "Joshua Cole on the French Revolution, pt. 1: The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen ." December 5, 2011. Joshua Cole is a Professor of History at the University of Michigan. This interview of Joshua Cole by Norton History was conducted on December 5, 2011 and thus is a secondary source. The interview helped me to understand the rights that were outlined in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and why the Declaration was so radical when it was first ratified.

Cole, Joshua. November 11, 2013. Joshua Cole is a Professor of History at the University of Michigan. I interviewed Joshua Cole on November 11, 2013 and therefore this interview is a secondary source. This interview helped me mostly with three specific things: the historical context of the Declaration, the reasons why the Declaration failed and the legacy of the Declaration.

Forrest, Alan. Napoleon: Life, Legacy, and Image: A Biography. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2011. Napoleon: Life, Legacy, and Image: A Biography, written by Alan Forrest, is a book about Napoleon, his influences, his life and his reign as Emperor of France. This is a secondary source since it was written a while after Napoleons Reign. I used this source to connect Napoleons Reign with the French Revolution and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

Herold, J. Christopher . The Age of Napoleon. New York: American Heritage Inc., 1963. J. Christopher Herold is an author and one of his most famous pieces of literature is The Age of Napoleon. This book is a secondary source since it was written over 100 years after the reign of Napoleon. I used this source to connect the ideas from the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen to the actions and government during Napoleons reign.

Hanson, Paul . Contesting the French Revolution . London: Blackwell , 2009. Paul Hanson is a Historian whos main area of study is the French Revolution. His book Contesting the French Revolution was published in 2009 and therefore is a secondary source. This book helped me to understand the different viewpoints of the Revolution during the Revolution and how the Revolution completely flipped the balance of power in France.
3

Hindmarch, Carl. "Terror: Robespierre and the French Revolution" Recorded 2009. BBC 2009. Web, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wiw2LkUwnw4 Terror: Robespierre and the French Revolution" by BBC is about the Reign of Terror and more specifically Robespierres influence in the Terror. This source is a secondary source since it describes events that happened over two hundred years ago. I used this source to contrast the Reign of Terror with the Declaration.

Jellinek, Georg, and Max Farrand. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens: A Contribution to Modern Constitutional History. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1901. Georg Jellinek and Max Farrand were both renowned University Professors and Historians. Their book The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens: A Contribution to Modern Constitutional History was a vital source for my research. The book allowed me to be able to interpret the meaning and impact of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

Jordan, David. "Robespierre." The Journal of Modern History. no. 2 (1977): 282-291. http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.bpl.org/stable/1876343? (accessed October 1, 2013). David Jordan is a writer for The Journal of Modern History and his article Robespierre in this journal proved useful in my research. The article is a secondary source because it was written nearly two hundred years after the French Revolution. The article helped me to understand the ways and actions of Robespierre in order to full comprehend what Robespierres views and aspirations were. This, in turn, allowed me to see why the Revolution did fail and in the process completely trod over the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

Lefebvre, Georges. The Coming of the French Revolution. Paris: University of Paris, 1947. Georges Lefebvre was a French Historian who was best known for his several works on the French Revolution. This book is a secondary source since it was published a while after the French Revolution. I used this source for multiple topics, including the Tennis Court Oath and the historical context of the Declaration.

McLynn, Frank. Napoleon: A Biography. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1997. Frank McLynn is an author, biographer, historian and journalist. One of his most acclaimed works is Napoleon: A Biography. The book is a secondary source since it was written a long time after Napoleons reign took place. I used this source to elucidate the ways that Napoleon stuck to the French Revolution ideas as well as deviated from them.

Neely, Sylvia. A Concise History Of The French Revolution. Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, 2008. Sylvia Neely is a Professor of History at Penn State University and has studied the French Revolution extensively. The book is a secondary source because the book is not written by someone who lived during the French Revolution. I used her book A Concise History Of The French Revolution as more of a general timeline of information about the French Revolution, rather than a specific source on the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. This source also gave me useful statistics on the three French Estates, which I translated into graphs.

Olsen, Mark. "The Language of Enlightened Politics: The Socit de 1789 in the French Revolution." Computers and the Humanities . no. 4/5 (1989): 357-364. http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.bpl.org/stable/30204375? (accessed September 26, 2013). Mark Olsen is a writer for Computers and the Humanities and is a historian of the French Revolution. His article The Socit de 1789 in the French Revolution is a secondary source because it was written much later than the French Revolution. But, this source still gave me valuable information regarding the different aspects of society in pre-revolutionary France.

Palmer, Robert. Twelve who ruled: the year of the terror in the French Revolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1958. Robert Palmer is a Historian who studies the Fench Revolution and his book Twelve who ruled: the year of the terror in the French Revolution was particuraly helpful to me. The book is a secondary source because it was written well after the French Revolution. Palmers piece mostly helped me understand the atrocities during the Reign of Terror and how these horrible acts violated the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

Pipes, Richard. The Russian Revolution. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1990. The Russian Revolution, written by Richard Pipes, is a book about the Russian Revolution, its causes and its effects. The book is a secondary source since it was written a while after the Russian Revolution. This book helped me identify similarities between the French Revolution and the Russian Revolution.

Robinson, James. "The Tennis Court Oath." Political Science Quarterly. no. 3 (1895): 460-474. http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.bpl.org/stable/2139955? (accessed November 16, 2013). James Robinson is a writer for Political Science Quarterly. This is a secondary source since it was written 100 years after the Revolution, but it did have primary source quotes from The
5

Tennis Court Oath that were taken from Histoire parlementaire de la rvolution franaise (1845). This source gave me helpful analysis of the Tennis Court Oath as well as a great primary source.

Rud, George. The French Revolution. New York: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988. George Rud is a world famous Historian of the French Revolution and his book The French Revolution is a great example of his expertise. The French Revolution is a secondary source since it was written two hundred years after the French Revolution. I used Ruds book, in the most part, for valuable historical context and immediate effects such as the Enlightenment and the Reign of Terror respectively.

Schama, Simon . Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1989. Simon Schama is a world renowned French Revolution Historian and a Professor of History at Columbia University. His book Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution is a secondary source because it was written a while after the French Revolution. This source helped me with the immediate causes of the Revolution because the book went into great detail about immediately before the Revolution and the earlier parts of the Revolution.

Schama, Simon. "The Power of Art: Jacques-Louis David" PBS November 10 2006. Web, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pIw9XYHwVKc. Simon Schama is a world renowned French Revolution Historian and a Professor of History at Columbia University. His documentary The Power of Art: Jacques-Louis David is a secondary source since it was filmed well after the Revolution. This helped me throughout my project, but mostly for information on the Tennis Court Oath.

Shultz, Doug, Ivascu , George , & Herrmann, Edward. "The French Revolution" Recorded 2005. History Channel. DVD The History Channels Documentary The French Revolution included several venerable historians such as Michael Farquhar, David Bell and Evelyne Lever. The documentary is a secondary source because it relays facts and displays historians opinions and analysis of events that happened over two hundred years ago. This documentary was one of my most crucial sources because it provided in depth analysis of almost every major event throughout the course of the French Revolution.

Schwab, Gail, and John Jeanneney. The French Revolution of 1789 and Its Impact. Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1995.

The French Revolution of 1789 and Its Impact, written by Gail Schwab and John Jeanneney, is about the French Revolution and its impact. This is a secondary source since it was written well after the French Revolution took place. I used this book to connect the French Revolution and the Russian Revolution.

Soboul, Albert. The French Revolution 1787-1799: From the Storming of the Bastille to Napoleon . New York: Random House, Inc., 1962. Albert Soboul was a famous historian of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods. His book The French Revolution 1787-1799: From the Storming of the Bastille to Napoleon is a secondary source because it was written well after the French Revolution took place. I mostly used his book for immediate context and immediate effects of the French Revolution and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. The book provided several causes of the Revolution as well as insight into why the Declaration was signed.

"The Russian Revolution in Colour: Fear and Paranoia." BBC 2005. Web, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d3OGq-AI2Y0. The Russian Revolution in Colour: Fear and Paranoia, produced by BBC, was one of my most valuable sources when it came to the historical significance of the French Revolution. This documentary is a secondary source since it was filmed over eighty years after the Russian Revolution. I used this source to show how the French Revolution paralleled as well as influenced the Russian Revolution. Van Kley, Dale . November 21, 2013. Dale Van Kley is a historian of the French Revolution and a Professor of History at The Ohio State University until 2013. I interviewed him on November 21, 2013 and thus the interview is a secondary source. This interview helped me in three areas: the effect to which the Directory and Napoleon conformed to the Declaration of Rights, the American Revolution as a cause of the Rights of Man and the importance of the French Revolution historically.

Van Kley, Dale. The French Idea of Freedom: The Old Regime and the Declaration of Rights of 1789. California: Stanford University Press, 1994. Dale Kley is a historian and a Professor of History at the Ohio State University. His book The French Idea of Freedom: The Old Regime and the Declaration of Rights of 1789 was an important asset to me during my research. This source is a secondary source because it was not written at the time of the French Revolution. The book helped me to explore the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen at a deeper level as well as view the numerous effects of the Declaration.

Walker, Noland. "galit for All: Toussaint Louverture and the Haitian Revolution." PBS January 25 2009. Web, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOGVgQYX6SU. PBS documentary "galit for All: Toussaint Louverture and the Haitian Revolution" is a secondary source since it was recorded well after the French and Haitian Revolutions. The documentary was filled with analysis of the French Revolutions effects on the Haitian Revolution. Although the Haitian Re volution was during the French Revolution I used the source for my Legacy page because it fit under my page other revolutions.