C&S

SPECIFICATION FOR CIVIL & STRUCTURAL WORKS

5.1.24

CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TESTS

5.1.24.1 General The compressi#e strength of concrete shall be measured by crushing tests on nominal $%&mm cubes. Tests shall be carried out in any appro#ed "aboratory unless otherwise appro#ed by the Superintending Officer. 5.1.24.2 Sa !l"n# an$ Te%&"n# 'll sampling( curing and testing of cubes shall be carried out in accordance with )S $**$. ' sample shall be ta+en from a randomly selected batch of concrete chosen by the Superintending Officer. The sample shall be obtained by ta+ing a number of increments in accordance with )S $**$( and whene#er practicable( at the point of discharge from the mi,er or ready-mi,ed truc+. .our cubes shall be made from each sample. Two of these cubes chosen by the Superintending Officer shall be tested at /* days and the a#erage of the two results shall be ta+en as the test result. The remaining two cubes shall be tested at 0 days. The Contractor shall pro#ide loc+able watertight curing tan+s of ade1uate si2e to store all test cubes. The tan+s shall be placed under a co#ered area or at a shaded spot. .or precast concrete( two cubes shall be tested at 3 days and the remaining / cubes tested at /* days for compliance purpose. 'dditional cubes shall be ta+en from the same sample to determine whether ade1uate strength is achie#ed in order to meet design strength for demoulding( handling and deli#ery. These additional cubes shall be cured by the same methods as those used for the precast units.

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C&S

SPECIFICATION FOR CIVIL & STRUCTURAL WORKS

5.1.24.' Ra&e () Sa !l"n# )(r Te%&"n# On each concreting day( the indicati#e sampling rate shall be as follows4 $ sample per $&m5 or part thereof for critical structures eg masts( cantile#ers( columns $ sample per /&m5 or part thereof for intermediate structures eg slabs( beams( bridge dec+s $ sample per %&m5 or part thereof for hea#y concrete construction eg brea+-waters and solid rafts

6n addition to the abo#e( the Superintending Officer may at his absolute discretion( instruct the Contractor to ta+e additional samples. 7hen a particular grade of concrete from a particular source is used for the first time( at least two samples shall be ta+en on the first day so that at least two results are a#ailable for compliance determination. 5.1.24.4 C( !l"an*e Re+,"re en&% Compliance with the specified characteristic strength is attained if the mean strength determined from the first two( three or four consecuti#e test results on any group of four consecuti#e test results and if each indi#idual test result complies with the appropriate limits in columns ' and ) of Table %.8 respecti#ely. 7here concrete for the pro9ect is supplied by more than one source( the compliance determination shall be based on the groups of results analysed separately from each source. Ta-le 5.. / C( !re%%"0e S&ren#&1 C( !l"an*e Re+,"re en&% ' Specifie d !rade Test Results '#erage of first /( of first Specifie 3( or of : consecuti#e d !rade test results e,ceeds the specified charac-teristic strength by at least4 $ / 3 & $ 3 ;mm< ;mm< ;mm< ;mm< ;mm< ;mm< C3& and abo#e Test Results ) 'ny indi#idual test results is not less than the charac-teristic compressi#e strength minus4 3 3 3 / / / ;mm< ;mm< ;mm< ;mm< ;mm< ;mm<

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.irst / .irst 3 Consecuti# e:

.irst / .irst 3 Consecuti# e:

)elow C/&

.irst / .irst 3 Consecuti# e:

)elow C3&

.irst / .irst 3 Consecuti# e:

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C&S

SPECIFICATION FOR CIVIL & STRUCTURAL WORKS

5.1.24.5 2,an&"&3 () C(n*re&e Re!re%en&e$ 43 S&ren#&1 Te%& Re%,l&% The 1uantity of concrete represented by a group of four consecuti#e test results shall include the batches from which the first and last samples were ta+en together with all inter#ening batches. Similarly( the first two or three results shall be ta+en as representing all the inter#ening batches. .or the indi#idual test result re1uirements gi#en in column ) of Table /.8( only the particular batch from which the sample was ta+en shall be at ris+. 5.1.24.. A*&"(n &( -e Ta5en "n &1e E0en& () N(n/C( !l"an*e 6n the e#ent of non-compliance with %.$./:.:( the Contractor shall redesign his mi, based on an increased target mean strength. The section of wor+ represented by the samples which fail the test shall be remo#ed and replaced by which meet this Specification. 'lternati#ely( the Superintending Officer may direct that other measures be ta+en to ma+e the wor+s secure. The Superintending Officer may instruct that additional tests be carried out on the hardened concrete. The results of any such tests shall not nullify the establishment of noncompliance with %.$./:.:. 'll wor+s instructed under this subclause shall be at the Contractor=s e,pense and no e,tension of time will be granted for such wor+s. otwithstanding the abo#e( administrati#e charges shall be payable as per %.$./:.*. 5.1.24.6 C,-e% Te%&e$ a& 6 $a3% The a#erage strength of the two cubes tested at 0 days shall be used as an indication only. 6f the a#erage strength is less than &.0% of the characteristic strength( the Superintending Officer may instruct that the mi, design be modified to increase the mean strength of subse1uent concrete until satisfactory e#idence is obtained of its ade1uacy. 6f the a#erage 0-day strength is less than &.80 of the characteristic strength( no more concrete shall be placed on the suspect concrete until the /*-day strength is found to comply or unless the Superintending Officer specifically appro#es. 'ny additional e,pense and;or delay shall be borne solely by the Contractor. 5.1.24.7 A$ "n"%&ra&"0e C1ar#e .or non-compliance with %.$./:.: an administrati#e charge of >/&;m the 1uantity of concrete at ris+ shall be deducted from the Contract Sum. The 1uantity of concrete at ris+ shall be as defined in %.$./:.%. 7hen successi#e group failure lead to the o#erlap of the 1uantity of concrete at ris+( such 1uantities shall be considered only once. ?eduction of the administrati#e charge shall not relie#e the Contractor of his contractual liabilities( including the wor+s stated in %.$./:.8 of Standard Specification.
3

on

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5.1.25

TESTS ON HAR8ENE8 CONCRETE

5.1.25.1 C(re Te%& The Superintending Officer reser#es the right to direct that samples cored from any portion of wor+s for the purpose of e,amination and testing. be

The cutting e1uipment and method of coring to obtain specimens shall be appro#ed by the Superintending Officer. The specimens shall be dealt with in accordance with )S $**$. Prior to preparation for testing( the specimens shall be made a#ailable for e,amination by the Superintending Officer. The cored portion of the wor+s shall be made good to the satisfaction of the Superintending Officer. 6f the e1ui#alent cube strength of the specimen is less than the appropriate specified characteristic strength( the concrete represented by the sample shall be deemed not to comply with the specified re1uirements. The Contractor shall bear the costs for the core tests if4 they are re1uired because of wor+ cube test failure( or the Superintending Officer ha#ing doubts about the 1uality of concrete( calls for a core test and the core test fails

5.1.25.2 C1e*5 Te%& Conse1uent upon wor+ cube test failure( the Superintending Officer may instruct that other appropriate tests be carried out in accordance with )S *$$& on any portion of the wor+s for the purpose of assessing the strength. The Contractor shall bear all the cost for such test. 5.1.2. STRUCTURAL TESTS

5.1.2..1 General The Superintending Officer may direct the Contractor to ma+e a load test on the wor+s or any part thereof if in the Superintending Officer=s opinion such a test is necessary. 6f the test so instructed is to be made because of4 cube test failure( or the finished wor+( in the opinion of the Superintending Officer is structurally defecti#e and therefore unacceptable unless pro#en otherwise@

then the test shall be made at the Contractor=s e,pense irrespecti#e of the test result.

Cameron .acility at OAC( Tuas South '#enue *

C&S B Section %( page no.5

SPECIFICATION FOR CIVIL & STRUCTURAL WORKS

5.1.2..2 L(a$ Te%& a 4,"l$"n# W(r5%

.or building wor+s the load test shall be done generally in accordance with

BS8110
-

4r"$#e% The load test shall be the same as that for building wor+s e,cept that the test loads shall be increased by $%C.

Pre*a%& Un"&% Testing of the precast units shall be carried out as and when directed by the Superintending Officer in accordance with )S *$$&. Samples of the precast unit for the tests shall be pro#ided and deli#ered by the Contractor at his own cost to any appro#ed laboratory. The Contractor shall pay for the testing fees of the precast units which fail to meet the re1uirements of this Specification. 7here more than one sample from any sample batch of two or more similar units fail to satisfy this Specification( then the entire batch of units represented by such samples shall be liable for re9ection by the Superintending Officer. .or precast concrete members which shall subse1uently form parts of composite members( any of the following methods may be used at the discretion of the Superintending Officer4 $ The precast member may be tested along with a load system e1ui#alent to that producing the most critical conditions in the composite members. The precast member may be made e1ui#alent to the final composite member by casting the rele#ant amount of in-situ concrete and then tested as a composite member.

5.1.2..' Te%& Re%,l&% 6f the result of any of the test is not satisfactory( at the Superintending Officer=s direction( that part of the wor+s shall be re9ected and reconstructed to comply with this Specification( or other appro#ed measures be ta+en to ma+e the wor+s secure( all at the Contractor=s e,pense. o e,tension of time shall be entertained in this connection.